Ezra 4:10

וּשְׁאָ֣ר אֻמַּיָּ֗א דִּ֤י הַגְלִי֙ אָֽסְנַפַּר֙ רַבָּ֣א וְיַקִּירָ֔א וְהוֹתֵ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ בְּקִרְיָ֖ה דִּ֣י שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן וּשְׁאָ֥ר עֲבַֽר נַהֲרָ֖ה וּכְעֶֽנֶת
And the rest of the nations whom the great and noble Asnappar brought over, and set in the cities of Samaria, and the rest that are on this side the river, and at such a time.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וּ שְׁאָ֣ר
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
שְׁאָ֣ר
Root word rest, residue, more
Dictionary form: שְׁאָר · sheh-AWR

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and the rest
and the rest ×4 the residue ×2 and to the rest ×1 and unto the rest ×1 and whatsoever more ×1 as concerning the rest ×1 the rest ×1 with the rest ×1
More options
remainder — Neutral, widely understood; good default choice.
rest — Modern equivalent of KJV 'the rest'; concise and natural.
remnant — Slightly formal; suits theological or solemn contexts.
residue — Technical register; use when precision about leftovers matters.
remaining portion — Clarifies a physical or material share explicitly.
whatever else — Fits additive, list-closing contexts naturally.

BDB9924 H7605 H7606

BDB9923 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9925

שְׁאָר noun masculineEzra 7:20 rest, remainder (see Biblical Hebrew I. שׁאר; Egyptian Aramaic noun שאר Cooke203, verb ישתאר be left (outstanding) Cooke404 = S-CL 9, Christian-Palestinian Aramaic ); — ׳שׁ absolute Ezra 4:10 +, construct vEzra 4:9 +; emphatic שְׁאָרָא Dan 7:7; Dan 7:19 — of a thing, remainder Ezra 7:18; Ezra 7:20 of cities Ezra 4:10; Ezra 4:17 of persons vEzra 4:9 vEzra 4:10 vEzra 4:17 6:16>; Dan 2:18, of beasts Dan 7:7; Dan 7:12; Dan 7:19.

rest, residue, more
šĕʾār
a remainder
  • rest, remainder

אֻמַּיָּ ֗א
אֻמַּיָּ
Root word nations, nation
֗א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: אֻמָּה · oom-MAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, determined state plural — usually add "-s"; determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: of the nations
nations ×5 nation ×1 of the nations ×1 the nations ×1
More options
people — Broad, natural default; emphasizes shared identity.
nation — Modernizes KJV; formal political or ethnic grouping.
ethnic group — Highlights cultural/ancestral distinctiveness; academic register.
community — Softer; suits smaller or non-state groups.
tribe — Use when the group lacks a formal national structure.

BDB9307 H523 H524

BDB9306 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9308

אֻמָּה noun feminine nation (Biblical Hebrew id., late); — absolute ׳א Dan 3:29 plural emphatic אֻמַּיָא Dan 3:4; Dan 3:7; Dan 3:31; Dan 5:19; Dan 6:26; Dan 7:14; Ezra 4:10.

nations, nation
ʾummâ
a collection, i.e., community of persons
  • people, tribe, nation

דִּ֤י
דִּ֤י
Particle who, which, that
Dictionary form: דִּי · dee

Particle — Relative

In the KJV here: whom
that ×88 of ×60 which ×52 whom ×9 whose ×7 for ×6 and whereas ×4 and whom ×3
More options
that — Most versatile; use as general relative or complementizer.
which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents.
who — Use when antecedent is a person.
whose — Marks genitive/possessive relationship with antecedent.
of — Use for construct-like genitive links between nouns.
because — Use when דִּי introduces a causal clause.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

BDB9439 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9441

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb267. 446 RES361 S-CPap. A 2 +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
  b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K§ 103.
2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K§ 81.
3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
  a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
  b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
  c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
  d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.
4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
  a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb293 SACG1 62, 63 Cooke369 b RES:361; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
  b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
  c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
  d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
  e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

BDB9603 H1768 H1836 H2298

BDB9602 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9604

כ

כְּ particle like, as, about (Biblical Hebrew כְּ, q. v.); — like, as Dan 2:40 תַּקִּיפָא כְּפַרְוְלָא, Dan 4:5; Dan 4:32; Dan 5:1 +; according to Dan 4:32 וּכְּ מִצְבְּיֵהּ עָכֵד and according to his will he doeth, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:18 +; about (as Biblical Hebrew 1 a: compare Zinjirli Lzb444 [ן] כשלשן מלכ), Dan 4:16 כְּשָׁעָה חֲדָה, Dan 6:1 with infinitive (Biblical Hebrew 3 b), Dan 6:21 וּכְ מִקְרְנֵהּ לִגֻבָּא and as he drew near, etc. Cpds.: — כְּ דִי and כִּדְנָה, see דִּי and דָּאנה; כַּחֲדָה; together, see חַד (sub אחד).

that, of, which, whom, whose, …
dî
that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of
  • (rel part) who, which, that
    • "(mark of genitive) that of, which belongs to, that"(conj) that, because

הַגְלִי֙
הַגְלִי֙
Root word revealeth, revealed, revealer, carried, over, …
Dictionary form: גְּלָה · ɡeh-LAW

Verb — Haphel, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular causative (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Hiphil completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: brought over
revealed ×2 and a revealer ×1 and carried ×1 and he that revealeth ×1 brought over ×1 reveal ×1 revealeth ×1 that revealeth ×1
More options
reveal — Core meaning; suits disclosure of secrets or divine truth.
disclose — Neutral, modern; good for hidden information being made known.
uncover — Vivid; suits literal or figurative exposure of what is hidden.
make known — Emphasizes communication; useful for divine revelation contexts.
expose — Stronger connotation; suits unwanted or dramatic disclosure.
deport — Use only for the 'carry into exile' sense of the lemma.

BDB9411 H1540 H1541

BDB9410 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9412

[גְּלָא, גְּלָה] verb reveal (Biblical Hebrew גָּלָה uncover, reveal); —

Pe`al reveal secrets, human agent: Infinitive לְמִגְלֵא Dan 2:47; of God, Participle active גָּלֵא vDan 2:22 vDan 2:28 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:47. Pe`il Perfect גְַּלִי vDan 2:19, גֱּלִי vDan 2:30, revealed (WCG 225 NöLCB, 1896, 703); — of secret, with ל person Haph`el take into exile (Biblical Hebrew Hiph`il), Perfect 3 masculine singular הַגְלִי, with accusative of person Ezra 4:10; Ezra 5:12 (ל location).

revealeth, revealed, revealer, carried, over, …
gĕlâ
to reveal, to carry away
  • to reveal
    • (P'al) to reveal (secrets), be revealed
      • "(Aphel) to take into exile

אָֽסְנַפַּר֙
אָֽסְנַפַּר֙
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Asnappar")
Dictionary form: אׇסְנַפַּר · ose-nahp-PAHR

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: asnappar
asnappar ×1
More options
Ashurbanipal — Best scholarly identification; preferred in academic translations.
Osnappar — Closer transliteration; used in some modern Bible versions.
Asnappar — Traditional transliteration; familiar to readers of older versions.

BDB9325 H620

BDB9324 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9326

אָֽסְנַפַּר proper name, masculine Asnappar, who transported peoples to Samaria Ezra 4:10 Ασενναφαρ, ᵐ5L Σαλμανασσάρηχ; probably = Assyrian king Asšurbanipal ( B.C. 668-626), i.e. אס(רב)נפל, GelzerÄg. Zeitsch. 1875, 78 COTon the passage MeyE Jud. 29 f. ZimKAT 3. 351 Bertholon the passage Ency. Bib.342.

asnappar
ʾosnappar
horned bull, thorn abolished
Osnappar, an Assyrian king
  • an Assyrian king who transported other peoples into Samaria—probably the king, Ashurbanipal

רַבָּ ֣א
רַבָּ
Root word great, master, stout, captain, chief, …
֣א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: רַב · rahb

Adjective — masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: the great
a great ×2 great ×2 master ×2 the great ×2 and chief ×1 lord ×1 of the great ×1 the captain ×1
More options
great — Most versatile; fits size, number, or importance.
chief — Prefer for titles or leadership roles.
commander — Ideal for military or official contexts.
lord — Use for high-status, authoritative figures.
mighty — Emphasizes power or strength over rank.
numerous — Best when referring to large quantities or multitudes.

BDB9880 H7229 H7260

BDB9879 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9881

רַב adjective great (ᵑ7 Syriac); — absolute Dan 2:31 +, construct vDan 2:14 +; emphatic masculine רַבָּא Ezra 4:10 +; feminine רַבְּתָא Dan 4:27 masculine plural redupl. רַבְרְבִין (K§ 59, 4) Dan 3:33, feminine plural בָן- Dan 2:48 +, emphatic ָ֯ תָא Dan 7:11; Dan 7:17 —
  l. great, literally, of image Dan 2:31, rock vDan 2:35, city Dan 4:27, sea Dan 7:2, beast vDan 7:3 vDan 7:17, teeth vDan 7:7, gifts Dan 2:48 great, imposing, feast Dan 5:1, signs Dan 3:33, words Dan 7:8; Dan 7:11; Dan 7:20 with מִן compare Dan 7:20.

2. figurative of power, influence, etc.: great king Dan 2:10; Ezra 4:10; Ezra 5:11 (compare Zinjirli מלכן רברבן Cooke183), God Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:45.
3. as noun = captain, chief: רַב טַבָּחַיָּא Dan 2:14, סִגְנִין ׳ר vDan 2:48, חַרְטֻמַּיָּא ׳ר Dan 4:6; Dan 5:11.

great, master, stout, captain, chief, …
rab
abundant
  • (adj) great
    • great
      • "great (figurative for power)
    (n) captain, chief

וְ יַקִּירָ ֔א
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יַקִּירָ
Root word noble, rare
֔א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: יַקִּיר · yahk-KEER

Adjective — masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: and noble
and it is a rare ×1 and noble ×1
More options
precious — Broadly useful; conveys high value and scarcity.
rare — Emphasizes scarcity; good for wisdom or unique things.
esteemed — Highlights social honor; prefer for persons or status.
distinguished — Formal register; suits noble rank or high office.
exceptional — Stresses being set apart from the ordinary.

BDB9592 H3358 H3515

BDB9591 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9593

[יַקִּיר] adjective honourable, difficult; —

1. honourable, emphatic יַקִּירָא Ezra 4:10.
2. difficult (compare Biblical Hebrew כָּבֵד adjective 1 d), feminine singular יַקִּירָה Dan 2:11.

noble, rare
yaqqîr
precious
  • rare, noble, famous, difficult
    • honorable
      • "difficult (metonymy)

וְ הוֹתֵ֣ב
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
הוֹתֵ֣ב
Root word set, sit, dwell
Dictionary form: יְתִב · yeh-TIB

Verb — Haphel, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular causative (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Hiphil completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and set
and set ×1 did sit ×1 dwell ×1 shall sit ×1 was set ×1
More options
sit — General posture; best default for most contexts.
dwell — Prefer when indicating residence or prolonged stay.
be seated — Formal register; suits royal or ceremonial scenes.
settle — Implies establishing oneself in a place over time.
reside — Neutral, modern alternative to 'dwell' for habitation.
be placed — Passive sense; use when something is deliberately set down.

BDB9601 H3488 H3427

BDB9600 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9602

יְתִב (K§ 25 a) β)) verb sit, dwell (ᵑ7 Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew ישׁב); —

Pe`al 1. sit, be seated: Perfect 3 masculine singular יְתִב Dan 7:9 and (of judgment = the judge) vDan 7:10, so Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִתִּ֑ב (K§ 43.1.Beisp. b), compare Biblical Hebrew יֵשֵׁב) Dan 7:26.
2. dwell, Participle plural absolute יָתְבִין Ezra 4:17 (ב location). Haph`el cause to dwell: Perfect 3 masculine singular הוֺתֵב Ezra 4:10 (accusative + ב location).

set, sit, dwell
yĕtib
to sit or dwell
  • to sit, dwell
    • (P'al) to sit, be seated
      • "(Aphel) to cause to dwell

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: הִמּוֹ · him-MOH

Noun — masculine plural plural — usually add "-s"

them ×5 and made them ×1 are ×1 cause them ×1 them to ×1 those ×1
More options
them — Default pronoun for third-person plural objects.
they — Use when functioning as a subject pronoun.
those — Demonstrative use; pointing to a previously mentioned group.
these — Demonstrative; prefer when referents are near or just introduced.
are — Copular use; Aramaic equative clause with no overt verb.

BDB9475 H1994 H1992

BDB9474 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9476

הִמּוֺ9 (Ezra), הִמּוֺן3 (Daniel), pronoun 3 plural they, them (= Biblical Hebrew הֵם, הֵמָּה, q. v., but the more original forms. Egyptian Aramaic המו CIS145 B 4 (Cooke207),149 A 1, S-CPap. C 7, 10 +; not ᵑ7 Syriac, which use אִנּוּן , , instead; Arabic , . The n in הִמּוֺן, as in דֵּין, אִלֵּין, by the side of זֶה, אֵלֶּה, ; NöM 86 WCG 106); — they, them:
  a. as nominative Ezra 5:11 אֲבַחְנָא הִמּוֺ עַבְדוֺהִי we are his servants (construction as in Syriac, Nö§ 312 D Matt 5:13, K§ 87. 3).
  b. as accusative (in Biblical Aramaic, as in Syriac, there being no verbal suffix of 3 plural; so Egyptian Aramaic Cooke76 B 4, S-CPap. E 5 +), En 2:34 והדקת הִמּוֺ and crushed them, v35; 3:22; Ezra 4:10; Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:5; Ezra 5:12; Ezra 5:14 (twice in verse); Ezra 5:15; Ezra 7:17. — compare אִנּוּן.

them, those, are
himmô
they
  • they, them
    • they (subject)
      • "them (object)

בְּ קִרְיָ֖ה
בְּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
קִרְיָ֖ה
Root word city, cities
Dictionary form: קִרְיָא · kir-YAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: in the cities
city ×8 in the cities ×1
More options
city — Standard modern rendering; suits most contexts.
town — Use for smaller or less prominent settlements.
urban center — Formal/academic contexts emphasizing civic scale.
settlement — Neutral; good when size or status is ambiguous.

BDB9872 H7149 H7151

BDB9871 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9873

קִרְיָה, אָ֯, noun feminine city (ᵑ7 Syriac; S-CA 9 + קריה; see Biblical Hebrew, √ קרה; also NöBeitr. 62); — absolute הָ֯ Ezra 4:10, אָ֯ vEzra 4:15 emphatic קִרְיְתָא vEzra 4:12 vEzra 4:13 vEzra 4:15 vEzra 4:15 vEzra 4:16 vEzra 4:19 vEzra 4:21

city, cities
qiryāʾ
building; a city
  • city

דִּ֣י
דִּ֣י
Particle who, which, that
Dictionary form: דִּי · dee

Particle — Relative

In the KJV here: of
that ×88 of ×60 which ×52 whom ×9 whose ×7 for ×6 and whereas ×4 and whom ×3
More options
that — Most versatile; use as general relative or complementizer.
which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents.
who — Use when antecedent is a person.
whose — Marks genitive/possessive relationship with antecedent.
of — Use for construct-like genitive links between nouns.
because — Use when דִּי introduces a causal clause.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

BDB9439 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9441

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb267. 446 RES361 S-CPap. A 2 +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
  b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K§ 103.
2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K§ 81.
3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
  a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
  b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
  c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
  d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.
4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
  a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb293 SACG1 62, 63 Cooke369 b RES:361; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
  b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
  c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
  d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
  e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

BDB9603 H1768 H1836 H2298

BDB9602 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9604

כ

כְּ particle like, as, about (Biblical Hebrew כְּ, q. v.); — like, as Dan 2:40 תַּקִּיפָא כְּפַרְוְלָא, Dan 4:5; Dan 4:32; Dan 5:1 +; according to Dan 4:32 וּכְּ מִצְבְּיֵהּ עָכֵד and according to his will he doeth, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:18 +; about (as Biblical Hebrew 1 a: compare Zinjirli Lzb444 [ן] כשלשן מלכ), Dan 4:16 כְּשָׁעָה חֲדָה, Dan 6:1 with infinitive (Biblical Hebrew 3 b), Dan 6:21 וּכְ מִקְרְנֵהּ לִגֻבָּא and as he drew near, etc. Cpds.: — כְּ דִי and כִּדְנָה, see דִּי and דָּאנה; כַּחֲדָה; together, see חַד (sub אחד).

that, of, which, whom, whose, …
dî
that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of
  • (rel part) who, which, that
    • "(mark of genitive) that of, which belongs to, that"(conj) that, because

שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן
שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Samaria")
Dictionary form: שׇׁמְרַיִן · shome-ra-YIN

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: samaria
in samaria ×1 samaria ×1
More options
Samaria — Standard proper noun; use in most contexts.
the city of Samaria — Clarifies it is a city, not a region.
the capital of Samaria — Highlights its role as a political center.

BDB9968 H8111 H8115

BDB9967 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9969

שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן proper name, of a location (Biblical Hebrew שֹׁמְרוֺן, I. שָׁמַר); — Ezra 4:7; Ezra 4:10.

samaria
šomrayin
watch mountain
Shomrain, a place in Palestine
  • the region of northern Palestine associated with the northern kingdom of the 10 tribes of Israel which split from the kingdom after the death of Solomon during the reign of his son Rehoboam and were ruled by Jeroboam
    • "the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel located 30 miles (50 km) north of Jerusalem and 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Shechem

וּ שְׁאָ֥ר
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
שְׁאָ֥ר
Root word rest, residue, more
Dictionary form: שְׁאָר · sheh-AWR

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and the rest
and the rest ×4 the residue ×2 and to the rest ×1 and unto the rest ×1 and whatsoever more ×1 as concerning the rest ×1 the rest ×1 with the rest ×1
More options
remainder — Neutral, widely understood; good default choice.
rest — Modern equivalent of KJV 'the rest'; concise and natural.
remnant — Slightly formal; suits theological or solemn contexts.
residue — Technical register; use when precision about leftovers matters.
remaining portion — Clarifies a physical or material share explicitly.
whatever else — Fits additive, list-closing contexts naturally.

BDB9924 H7605 H7606

BDB9923 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9925

שְׁאָר noun masculineEzra 7:20 rest, remainder (see Biblical Hebrew I. שׁאר; Egyptian Aramaic noun שאר Cooke203, verb ישתאר be left (outstanding) Cooke404 = S-CL 9, Christian-Palestinian Aramaic ); — ׳שׁ absolute Ezra 4:10 +, construct vEzra 4:9 +; emphatic שְׁאָרָא Dan 7:7; Dan 7:19 — of a thing, remainder Ezra 7:18; Ezra 7:20 of cities Ezra 4:10; Ezra 4:17 of persons vEzra 4:9 vEzra 4:10 vEzra 4:17 6:16>; Dan 2:18, of beasts Dan 7:7; Dan 7:12; Dan 7:19.

rest, residue, more
šĕʾār
a remainder
  • rest, remainder

עֲבַֽר
עֲבַֽר
Root word a name — transliterate it ("That are on this side")
Dictionary form: עֲבַר · uh-BAHR

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: that are on this side
on this side ×5 are beyond ×3 beyond ×3 countries beyond ×1 that are on this side ×1 were on this side ×1
More options
the other side — Most natural modern phrase for spatial opposition.
across — Concise; works well with rivers or boundaries.
region beyond — Good for geographic or territorial contexts.
far side — Emphasizes distance; useful in narrative description.
opposite bank — Precise when referencing a river or body of water.

BDB9750 H5675 H5676

BDB9749 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9751

עֲבַר noun masculine region across, beyond (see Biblical Hebrew I. עֵ֫בֶר √עָבַר); — construct in phrase עֲבַר(ֿ)נַהֲרָה, i.e. Syria (Scheft87): Ezra 4:10; Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:20; Ezra 5:3; Ezra 5:6 (twice in verse); Ezra 6:6 (twice in verse); Ezra 6:8; Ezra 6:13; Ezra 7:21; Ezra 7:25, נהרא ׳ע Ezra 4:16. compare in Cilician Aramaic, Cooke346.

עַד see עדה. below

beyond, side
ʿăbar
properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the Jordan; ususally meaning the east)
  • region beyond or across

נַהֲרָ ֖ה
נַהֲרָ
Root word a name — transliterate it ("The river")
֖ה
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: נְהַר · neh-HAHR

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: the river
the river ×14 stream ×1
More options
river — Most natural, broadly applicable term for a large waterway.
stream — Suitable for smaller or less imposing waterways.
waterway — Neutral, context-flexible; good for geographic or formal writing.
canal — Appropriate when context implies a man-made or channeled flow.

BDB9696 H5102 H5103

BDB9695 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9697

נְהַר14 noun masculineDan 7:10 river (see Biblical Hebrew I. נהר); — absolute ׳נ Dan 7:10 emphatic נַהֲרָה Ezra 4:10 +, אָ֯, Ezra 4:16 — river, usually of Euphrase, in phrase ׳עֲבַר נ Ezra 4:10; Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:16 + 10 t. Ezra; דִּינֿוּר ׳נ Dan 7:10 a river of fire, in vision.

river, stream
nĕhar
a river, especially the Euphrates
  • river

וּ כְעֶֽנֶת
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
כְעֶֽנֶת
Adverb time
Dictionary form: כְּעֶנֶת · keh-eh-NET

Adverb

In the KJV here: and at such a time
and at such a time ×3 peace and at such a time ×1
More options
at this time — Neutral, broadly useful for pointing to a present moment.
at that time — Use when referring to a past or narrative moment.
at such a time — Modernized KJV; retains slight formal or solemn tone.
right now — Colloquial; good for immediate, urgent contexts.
at the present moment — Formal register; suits official or diplomatic speech.

BDB9782 H3706 H3705

BDB9781 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9783

כְּעֶ֫נֶת and (Ezra 4:17) contracted כְּעֶת adverb now (feminine of כְּעַן; so first SS TorreyJBL 16 (1897), 166 ff.; now confirmed by Egyptian Aramaic כענת CowleyPSBA xxv. 264, 311, 312 ( = RES492-4 = S-CM, N, O); ׳וכ formerly taken to mean and so forth); — always ׳וּכ, and always in a letter, introducing the business of the letter, and to be connected with what follows, not, as ᵑ0, with what precedes: Ezra 4:10 (strike out, as introduced by error from end of vEzra 4:11), vEzra 4:11 (joining to vEzra 4:12) and now, let it be known, etc., vEzra 4:17f. and now, the letter which, etc., Ezra 7:12f. and now, I make a decree, etc. (compare וְעַתָּה similarly in letters 2Kgs 5:6; 2Kgs 10:2, and καὶ νῦν 2 Macc 1:6).

time
kĕʿenet
thus (only in the formula 'and so forth')
  • now, and now

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וּשְׁאָ֣ר אֻמַּיָּ֗א Revia — a lesser break דִּ֤י הַגְלִי֙ Pashta — a lesser break אָֽסְנַפַּר֙ Pashta — a lesser break רַבָּ֣א וְיַקִּירָ֔א Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וְהוֹתֵ֣ב הִמּ֔וֹ Zaqef Qatan — a strong break בְּקִרְיָ֖ה Tipeha — a lesser break דִּ֣י שָֽׁמְרָ֑יִן Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וּשְׁאָ֥ר עֲבַֽר נַהֲרָ֖ה Tipeha — a lesser break וּכְעֶֽנֶת Silluq — end of the verse

וּשְׁאָר אֻמַּיָּא דִּי הַגְלִי אָֽסְנַפַּר רַבָּא וְיַקִּירָא וְהוֹתֵב הִמּוֹ בְּקִרְיָה דִּי שָֽׁמְרָיִן וּשְׁאָר עֲבַֽר-נַהֲרָה וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃
10
And the rest of the nations whom the great and noble Asnappar brought over, and set in the cities of Samaria, and the rest that are on this side the river, and at such a time.
Cross References

Ezra 4:17

פִּתְגָמָא שְׁלַח מַלְכָּא עַל-רְחוּם בְּעֵל-טְעֵם וְשִׁמְשַׁי סָֽפְרָא וּשְׁאָר כְּנָוָתְהוֹן דִּי יָֽתְבִין בְּשָֽׁמְרָיִן וּשְׁאָר עֲבַֽר-נַהֲרָה שְׁלָם וּכְעֶֽת׃
17
Then sent the king an answer unto Rehum the chancellor, and to Shimshai the scribe, and to the rest of their companions that dwell in Samaria, and unto the rest beyond the river, Peace, and at such a time.

Ezra 4:11

דְּנָה פַּרְשֶׁגֶן אִגַּרְתָּא דִּי שְׁלַחוּ עֲלוֹהִי עַל-אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא מַלְכָּא עַבְדֶיךְ אֱנָשׁ עֲבַֽר-נַהֲרָה וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃
11
This is the copy of the letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the king; Thy servants the men on this side the river, and at such a time.

Ezra 7:12

אַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא מֶלֶךְ מַלְכַיָּא לְעֶזְרָא כָֽהֲנָא סָפַר דָּתָא דִּֽי-אֱלָהּ שְׁמַיָּא גְּמִיר וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃
12
Artaxerxes, king of kings, unto Ezra the priest, a scribe of the law of the God of heaven, perfect peace, and at such a time.

Ezra 4:1

וַֽיִּשְׁמְעוּ צָרֵי יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִן כִּֽי-בְנֵי הַגּוֹלָה בּוֹנִים הֵיכָל לַֽיהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
1
Now when the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin heard that the children of the captivity builded the temple unto the LORD God of Israel;

Romans 13:7

ἀπόδοτε οὖν πᾶσιν τὰς ὀφειλάς τῷ τὸν φόρον τὸν φόρον τῷ τὸ τέλος τὸ τέλος τῷ τὸν φόβον τὸν φόβον τῷ τὴν τιμὴν τὴν τιμήν
7
Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honour to whom honour.

2 Kings 17:24

וַיָּבֵא מֶֽלֶךְ-אַשּׁוּר מִבָּבֶל וּמִכּוּתָה וּמֵֽעַוָּא וּמֵֽחֲמָת וּסְפַרְוַיִם וַיֹּשֶׁב בְּעָרֵי שֹֽׁמְרוֹן תַּחַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּֽרְשׁוּ אֶת-שֹׁמְרוֹן וַיֵּֽשְׁבוּ בְּעָרֶֽיהָ׃
24
And the king of Assyria brought men from Babylon, and from Cuthah, and from Ava, and from Hamath, and from Sepharvaim, and placed them in the cities of Samaria instead of the children of Israel: and they possessed Samaria, and dwelt in the cities thereof.
Ezra 4:9
Read Ezra 4
Ezra 4:11