Ezra 4:24

בֵּאדַ֗יִן בְּטֵלַת֙ עֲבִידַ֣ת בֵּית אֱלָהָ֔א דִּ֖י בִּירֽוּשְׁלֶ֑ם וַֽהֲוָת֙ בָּֽטְלָ֔א עַ֚ד שְׁנַ֣ת תַּרְתֵּ֔ין לְמַלְכ֖וּת דָּֽרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ פָּרָֽס
Then ceased the work of the house of God which is at Jerusalem. So it ceased unto the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

בֵּ אדַ֗יִן
בֵּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
אדַ֗יִן
Adverb then, time, now
Dictionary form: אֱדַיִן · eh-da-YIN

Adverb

In the KJV here: then
then ×53 and then ×1 hither then ×1 now ×1 that time ×1
More options
then — Broadest temporal connector; fits most narrative contexts.
at that point — Emphasizes a precise moment in a sequence of events.
after that — Highlights sequence; useful when succession needs clarity.
at that time — Slightly more formal; good for historical or legal prose.
thereupon — Signals immediate consequence; slightly elevated register.
now — Use when the narrative shifts focus rather than marks sequence.

BDB9270 H116

BDB9269 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9271

אֱדַ֫יִן57 adverb then, thereupon (so Egyptian Aramaic S-CPap. H 1, J 1), not ᵑ7: the usually Aramaic forms are הֵידֵין , Mandean האידין (NöM 207); from [אֱדַי] = Biblical Hebrew אֲזַי (see אָז) + determ. affix n (as in דִּכֵּן, תַּמָּן; in Sabean = post-positive article; HomChr. § 57: compare WCG 115), NöGGA 1884, 1020: אֲזַי, [אֱדַי], probably from same demonstrative √ as זֶה, דָּא, דִּי, etc., , , lo well then, in that case, Ethiopic : when? : now (DiLex. 197, 1072), Syriac (enclitic) but); — then, thereupon, Dan 2:15; Dan 2:17; Dan 2:19; Dan 2:25; Dan 2:48; Dan 3:24 +, Ezra 4:9; Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:4; Ezra 5:9 + (always, except Ezra 5:5, at beginning of sentence, introducing new stage of narrative with some emphasis); so with בְּ, בֵּאדַיִן (3 t. Ezra, 26 t. Daniel) Dan 2:14; Dan 2:35; Dan 2:46; Dan 3:3; Dan 3:13; Dan 3:19; Dan 3:21 (twice in verse); Dan 3:26, etc., Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:2; Ezra 6:1 מִןאֱֿדַיִן from that time Ezra 5:16.

then, time, now
ʾĕdayin
then (of time)
  • then, afterwards, thereupon, from that time

בְּטֵלַת֙
בְּטֵלַת֙
Root word cease, ceased, hindered
Dictionary form: בְּטֵל · beh-TALE

Verb — Peal, Perfect (Qatal), third person feminine singular simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "she (or it)"

In the KJV here: ceased
to cease ×3 ceased ×1 hindered ×1
More options
stop — Most neutral and broadly applicable modern choice.
halt — Emphasizes an abrupt or forceful interruption.
cease — Modernized KJV form; slightly formal but still current.
be brought to a standstill — Captures the passive, externally imposed sense.
be hindered — Highlights obstruction by an outside force or agent.
be suspended — Good for work, activity, or processes officially paused.

BDB9368 H988 H989

BDB9367 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9369

[בְּטֵל] verb cease (late Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 feminine singular בְּטִלַת Ezra 4:24, Participle feminine singular בָּֽטְלָא vEzra 4:24 (both of work). Pa`el make to cease, accusative of person: Perfect 3 masculine plural בַּטִּ֫לוּ Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:5 Infinitive לְבַטָּלָא Ezra 4:21, accusative of person omitted Ezra 6:3.

cease, ceased, hindered
bĕṭēl
to stop
  • (P'al) to cease
    • to cease
      • "to make to cease

עֲבִידַ֣ת
עֲבִידַ֣ת
Root word work, affairs, service
Dictionary form: עֲבִידָה · uh-bee-DAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: the work
the affairs ×2 let the work ×1 the service ×1 the work ×1 work ×1
More options
work — Broadest default choice; fits most contexts naturally.
service — Prefer when duties are rendered to a superior or institution.
affairs — Use for administrative or governmental matters.
task — Emphasizes a specific, assigned piece of work.
labor — Highlights physical or sustained effort involved.
business — Fits commercial or managerial contexts well.

BDB9748 H5656 H5673

BDB9747 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9749

[עֲבִידָה] noun feminine work, service (Biblical Hebrew עֲבֹדָה); — emphatic עֲבִידְתָּא Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:49, construct עֲבִידַת Ezra 4:24 +; —

1. work, of building temple, Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:8; Ezra 6:7 = administration Dan 2:49; Dan 3:12.
2. ritual, service, of God Ezra 6:18.

work, affairs, service
ʿăbîdâ
labor or business
  • work, service, ritual, worship
    • work, administration
      • "ritual, service

בֵּית
בֵּית
Root word house, houses
Dictionary form: בַּיִת · ba-YIT

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of the house
house ×17 the house ×6 for the house ×4 of the house ×3 his house ×2 and let his house ×1 and let the house ×1 and their houses ×1
More options
house — Most versatile; fits nearly every context.
home — Emphasizes family warmth or personal residence.
household — Highlights the people/family unit within the house.
dwelling — Slightly formal; stresses the place of habitation.
palace — Use when the referent is a royal or grand residence.
temple — Use specifically for בֵּית יְהוָה, God's house/sanctuary.

BDB9372 H1004 H1005

BDB9371 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9373

[בַּ֫יִת]44 noun masculineEzra 6:7 house (Biblical Hebrew בַּ֫יִת); — emphatic בַּיְתָ֫א Ezra 5:3 +, תָ֫ה- Ezra 5:12; Ezra 6:15 construct בֵּית(ֿׅ Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:2 +; suffix בַּיְתִי Dan 4:1 (Baern., compare M§ 76 c; van d. H. Gi בֵּיתִי), בַּיְהֵתּ Dan 2:17 +; plural suffix בָּֽתֵּיכוֺן Dan 2:5 —

1. house, of men : Ezra 6:11 (twice in verse); Dan 2:5; Dan 2:17; Dan 3:29; Dan 6:11 of king Ezra 6:4; Dan 4:4, מִשְׁתְּיָא ׳ב Dan 5:10, גִּנְוַיָא דִּי מִלְכָּא ׳ב Ezra 5:17, compare Ezra 7:20 = ׳סִפְרַיָא וגו ׳ב Ezra 6:1 מִלְכוּ ׳ב Ezra 4:30 royal residence (of Babylonian ).
2. house of God, temple at Jerusalem Dan 5:3; Dan 5:23; Ezra 4:24 + 28 t. Ezra.

house, houses
bayit
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
  • house (of men)
    • "house (of God)

אֱלָהָ ֔א
אֱלָהָ
Root word god, gods
֔א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: אֱלָהּ · eh-LAW

Noun — Common, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: of god
of god ×20 god ×16 the god ×11 of thy god ×5 of the god ×4 gods ×3 the gods ×3 and the god ×2
More options
God — Preferred when referring to the God of Israel specifically.
god — Use for pagan or foreign deities in context.
deity — Neutral, formal; useful in academic or theological prose.
divine being — Emphasizes nature over identity; good for ambiguous contexts.
gods — Plural contexts; foreign or polytheistic references.

BDB9300 H426 H433

BDB9299 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9301

אֱלָהּ94 noun masculine god, God (= Biblical Hebrew אֱלֹהַּ (p. 43), see also √ I. אלה); — ׳א absolute Dan 2:28 +, construct vDan 2:18 +; emphatic אֱלָהָא vDan 2:20 +; suffix אֱלָהִי Dan 6:23, הָךְ- Ezra 9:14 +, הֵהּ- Dan 6:6 +, הֲהֹם- Ezra 5:5; Ezra 7:16, הֲהוֺן- Dan 3:28 (twice in verse); Dan 3:29, הֲכֹם- Ezra 7:17, etc.; plural absolute אֱלָהִין Dan 2:11 +, emphatic הַיָּא- Jer 10:11, construct הֵי- Dan 5:4; Dan 5:23, suffix הַי- Dan 3:14, etc. [with prefix לֵאלָהָא Dan 5:23, לֵאלָהָיךְ Dan 3:14, etc.; but not in singular absolute or construct, e.g. לֶאֱלָהּ Ezra 5:12, etc.]; —

1. god, in general Dan 6:8; Dan 6:13 heathen deities Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11; Dan 3:15+ 15 t. Daniel (made of gold, etc. Dan 5:4; Dan 5:23) + בַּראֱֿלָהִין Dan 3:25.(see בַּר).
2.73 God (of Israel), Dan 2:28; Ezra 5:2 +; phrase ׳אֱלָהּ יִשׂ Ezra 5:1; Ezra 6:14; Ezra 7:15 יְרוּשְׁלֵם ׳א Ezra 7:19 אֲבָהָתַי ׳א Dan 2:23 שְׁמַיָּא Ezra 5:11 (+ וְאַרְעָא), vEzra 5:12; Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:10; Dan 2:18; Dan 2:19 + 6 t. (see שָׁמַיִם 2 a); רַב ׳א Dan 2:45 אֱלָהִין ׳א vDan 2:47 אֱלָהָא עִלָּיָא Dan 3:26; Dan 3:32; Dan 5:18; Dan 5:21 חַיָּא ׳א Dan 6:21; Dan 6:27 also בֵּית אֱלָהָא Dan 5:3; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:2 + 16 t. Ezra; ׳עֲבִידַת א Ezra 6:18.

god, gods
ʾĕlāh
God
  • god, God
    • god, heathen deity
      • "God (of Israel)

דִּ֖י
דִּ֖י
Particle who, which, that
Dictionary form: דִּי · dee

Particle — Relative

In the KJV here: which
that ×88 of ×60 which ×52 whom ×9 whose ×7 for ×6 and whereas ×4 and whom ×3
More options
that — Most versatile; use as general relative or complementizer.
which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents.
who — Use when antecedent is a person.
whose — Marks genitive/possessive relationship with antecedent.
of — Use for construct-like genitive links between nouns.
because — Use when דִּי introduces a causal clause.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

BDB9439 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9441

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb267. 446 RES361 S-CPap. A 2 +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
  b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K§ 103.
2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K§ 81.
3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
  a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
  b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
  c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
  d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.
4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
  a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb293 SACG1 62, 63 Cooke369 b RES:361; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
  b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
  c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
  d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
  e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

BDB9603 H1768 H1836 H2298

BDB9602 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9604

כ

כְּ particle like, as, about (Biblical Hebrew כְּ, q. v.); — like, as Dan 2:40 תַּקִּיפָא כְּפַרְוְלָא, Dan 4:5; Dan 4:32; Dan 5:1 +; according to Dan 4:32 וּכְּ מִצְבְּיֵהּ עָכֵד and according to his will he doeth, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:18 +; about (as Biblical Hebrew 1 a: compare Zinjirli Lzb444 [ן] כשלשן מלכ), Dan 4:16 כְּשָׁעָה חֲדָה, Dan 6:1 with infinitive (Biblical Hebrew 3 b), Dan 6:21 וּכְ מִקְרְנֵהּ לִגֻבָּא and as he drew near, etc. Cpds.: — כְּ דִי and כִּדְנָה, see דִּי and דָּאנה; כַּחֲדָה; together, see חַד (sub אחד).

that, of, which, whom, whose, …
dî
that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of
  • (rel part) who, which, that
    • "(mark of genitive) that of, which belongs to, that"(conj) that, because

בִּ ירֽוּשְׁלֶ֑ם
בִּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
ירֽוּשְׁלֶ֑ם
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Is at jerusalem")
Dictionary form: יְרוּשָׁלֵם · yeh-roo-shaw-LAME

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: is at jerusalem
is at jerusalem ×6 is in jerusalem ×5 jerusalem ×3 and jerusalem ×2 at jerusalem ×2 to jerusalem ×2 was in jerusalem ×2 are at jerusalem ×1
More options
Jerusalem — Standard modern spelling; use in virtually all contexts.
the city of Jerusalem — Use when clarifying Jerusalem as a city for new readers.
the holy city — Thematic substitute when sacred significance is being emphasized.
Zion — Poetic or prophetic contexts where Zion is synonymous.

BDB9593 H3390 H3389

BDB9592 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9594

יְרוּשְׁלֵם25 proper name, of a location Jerusalem (Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלִַם); — Dan 5:2; Dan 5:3; Dan 6:11; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:12 + 20 t. Ezra.

jerusalem
yĕrûšālēm
teaching of peace
Jerusalem
  • the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split

וַ ֽהֲוָת֙
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
ֽהֲוָת֙
Root word be, beheld, was, saw, would, …
Dictionary form: הָוָא · haw-WAW

Verb — Peal, Perfect (Qatal), third person feminine singular simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "she (or it)"

In the KJV here: so it ceased
i beheld ×6 shall be ×6 be ×5 was ×5 he would ×4 i saw ×4 be it ×2 shall come to pass ×2
More options
be — Default copula; broadest fit for most contexts.
become — Prefer when a change of state is in view.
exist — Emphasizes ongoing or absolute being.
happen — Best for impersonal 'come to pass' constructions.
occur — Slightly more formal alternative to 'happen'.
take place — Idiomatic for events unfolding in narrative.

BDB9470 H1934 H1961

BDB9469 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9471

הֲוָא, הֲוָּה71 verb come to pass, become, be (Biblical Hebrew הָיָה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲוָה Dan 4:26 +, הֲוָא Dan 5:19 +; 2 masculine singular הֲוַיְתָ Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34, 1 singular הֲוֵית Dan 4:1 +; 3 masculine plural הֲווֺ Dan 2:35 +; Imperfect 3 masculine singular לֶהֱוֵא (K§ 47, l) b) Dr§ 204 Obs. NöM 215 ff.; in Jewish-Aramaic as jussive D§ 61, lc) Dan 2:20 +; 3 feminine singular תֶּהֱוֵה Dan 4:24 +, אֵ֯ Ezra 6:8 +, 3 masculine plural לֶהֱוֺן Ezra 6:10 + 6 t., 3 feminine plural לֶהֶוְיָן Dan 5:17 Imperative masculine plural הֱווֺ Ezra 4:22, הֲזוֺ Ezra 6:6 —
1. come to pass Dan 2:28; Dan 2:29 (twice in verse); Dan 2:45.
2. come into being, arise Ezra 7:23 become, come to be, with predicate noun Dan 4:24; Dan 5:29 and ( = represent) Dan 7:23 with כְּ like Dan 2:35 a, with ל predicate vDan 2:35 b, with adjective predicate Ezra 6:6, with adverb phrase Ezra 5:5; Dan 4:22 often periphrastic, with participle: ׳יְדִיעַ לה let become known Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:13; Ezra 5:8 let it be given Ezra 6:8; Ezra 6:9, also Ezra 7:26; Dan 2:20.
3. be, as copula, with adjective predication Dan 2:40; Dan 2:42; Dan 7:19 so very often in periphrastic conjugation with participle, צָבֵא ׳ה wish Dan 5:19 (4 t. in verse), ׳חָזֵה ה behold Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34; Dan 7:2; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:6 +, etc.

be, beheld, was, saw, would, …
hāwāʾ
to exist; used in a great variety of applications (especially in connection with other words)
  • to come to pass, become, be
    • (P'al)
      • to come to pass
        • "to come into being, arise, become, come to be
        • to let become known (with participle of knowing)
        to be

בָּֽטְלָ֔א
בָּֽטְלָ֔א
Root word cease, ceased, hindered
Dictionary form: בְּטֵל · beh-TALE

Verb — Peal, Participle Active, feminine singular, absolute state simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

to cease ×3 ceased ×1 hindered ×1
More options
stop — Most neutral and broadly applicable modern choice.
halt — Emphasizes an abrupt or forceful interruption.
cease — Modernized KJV form; slightly formal but still current.
be brought to a standstill — Captures the passive, externally imposed sense.
be hindered — Highlights obstruction by an outside force or agent.
be suspended — Good for work, activity, or processes officially paused.

BDB9368 H988 H989

BDB9367 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9369

[בְּטֵל] verb cease (late Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 feminine singular בְּטִלַת Ezra 4:24, Participle feminine singular בָּֽטְלָא vEzra 4:24 (both of work). Pa`el make to cease, accusative of person: Perfect 3 masculine plural בַּטִּ֫לוּ Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:5 Infinitive לְבַטָּלָא Ezra 4:21, accusative of person omitted Ezra 6:3.

cease, ceased, hindered
bĕṭēl
to stop
  • (P'al) to cease
    • to cease
      • "to make to cease

עַ֚ד
עַ֚ד
Preposition till, to, until, unto, for, …
Dictionary form: עַד · ad

Preposition

In the KJV here: unto
till ×8 and to ×3 for ×3 until ×3 to ×2 unto ×2 and ever ×1 but at ×1
More options
until — Most natural modern temporal boundary; broadest usage.
up to — Spatial or quantitative limit; informal and contemporary.
as far as — Prefer for spatial extent or geographical boundaries.
by the time — Idiomatic for temporal clauses with a future sense.
through — Inclusive endpoint; useful when 'until' feels too exclusive.
even to — Emphatic; stresses reaching an extreme or surprising limit.

BDB9752 H5705 H5704

BDB9751 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9753

עַד35 preposition and conjunction even to, until (Biblical Hebrew III. עַד; so ᵑ7, Syriac, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Egyptian Aramaic (Lzb336 S-CA 5 +)); —

1. preposition:
  a. of space, even to Dan 7:13 עַדכָּֿא vDan 7:28.
  b. of amount, up to Ezra 7:22 (4 t.).
  c. of time, until Dan 2:20; Dan 6:15; Dan 6:27; Dan 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 7:26; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:16 וְעַדכְּֿעַן; = our against Ezra 6:15 (compare Biblical Hebrew, p. 724:a top); to (the end of) = during Dan 6:8 עַד יוֺמִין תְּלָתִין, v.Dan 6:13; Dan 7:12; Dan 7:25. On עַדאָֿחֳרָן Dan 4:5 see אָחֳרָן; and on עַדדִּֿבְרַת דִּי Dan 4:14 see [ דִּבְרָה].
2. conjunction:
  a. עַדדִּֿי until, followed by perfect (of past time) Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 5:21; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:11; Dan 7:22 followed by imperfect (of future) Dan 2:9; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:22 (twice in verse); Dan 4:29. — Dan 6:25 ׳לָא מְטוֺ ֗֗֗ עַד דִּי שְׁלִטוּ וג up to the time that . . . , i.e. ere that.
  b. עַד alone, Ezra 4:21; Ezra 5:5.

till, to, until, unto, for, …
ʿad
until
  • (prep) even to, until, up to, during
    • "(conj) until, up to the time that, ere that

שְׁנַ֣ת
שְׁנַ֣ת
Root word year, years
Dictionary form: שְׁנָה · sheh-NAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: year
year ×5 years ×2
More options
year — Standard singular; most broadly applicable choice.
years — Use for plural forms in context.
annual period — Formal or technical contexts requiring precision.
season — When emphasizing cyclical or agricultural time reckoning.

BDB9599 H8139 H8140

BDB9598 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9600

I. [שְׁנָה] noun feminine sleep (ᵑ7 Syriac); — suffix שִׁנְּתֵהּ (K§ 12 d)) Dan 6:19. — II. [שְׁנָה] see [שְׁנָא].

BDB9974 H8140 H8139

BDB9973 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9975

I. [שְׁנָה] noun feminine year (see Biblical Hebrew שָׁנָה, √ I. [שָׁנָה]); — construct חֲדָה ׃שְׁנַת ׳שׁ = first year Ezra 5:13; Ezra 6:3; Dan 7:1 תַּרְתֵּין ׳שׁ Ezra 4:24 second year; שֵׁת ׳שׁ Ezra 6:15 plural ׳שְׁנִין שִׁתִּין וְת Dan 6:1 62 years; שַׂגִּיאָן ׳שׁ Ezra 5:11. — I. [שְׁנָה ] see ישׁן.

year, years
šĕnâ
year
  • year

תַּרְתֵּ֔ין
תַּרְתֵּ֔ין
Root word twelve, two, second
Dictionary form: תְּרֵין · teh-RANE

Adjective — Ordinal Number, plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"; an ordinal (first, second, …)

In the KJV here: the second
and two ×1 of twelve ×1 the second ×1 twelve ×1
More options
two — Core cardinal number; most broadly applicable rendering.
twelve — Use when combined with ten in Aramaic context.
second — Ordinal sense; use for sequential or ranked position.
a pair — Colloquial; emphasizes duality or togetherness of two items.

BDB10010 H8648

BDB10009 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB10011

[תְּרֵין] noun masculine, תַּרְתֵּין (K§ 65, Anm. 1) feminine, two (so in Aramaic dialects generally (note Nabataean feminine תרתין over against Palmyrene תרתן Lzb388); see PhilippiZMG xxxii (1878), 21 ff.; adjective according to M§ 89 b); —

masculine only construct in תִּרֵי עֲשַׂר twelve, after noun masculine plural Dan 4:26; Ezra 6:17 feminine after noun feminine plural ׳שְׁנִין שִׁתִּין וְת Dan 6:1 years sixty and two; = ordinal, שְׁנַת תַּרְתֵּין Dan 4:24 second year.

BDB10019 H8648

BDB10018 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB10020

[תְּרֵין], תַּרְתֵּין two, see תנא. above

BDB9251 H8648

BDB9250 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9252

תֶּ֫רַח proper name

1. masculine father of Abraham: (a kind of ibex (compare Assyrian turdâ—u, Arabic NöZMG xxxlii (1879), 331, Syriac capra cauca-sica), but against this NöZMG xl (1886), 167; proper name, of divinity JenZA vi. 70); — ׳ת Gen 11:25; Gen 11:26; Gen 11:27 (twice in verse); Gen 11:28; Gen 11:31; Gen 11:32 (twice in verse); Josh 24:2 תָּ֑רַת Gen 11:24; 1Chr 1:26 Θαρρα, ᵐ5L Θαρα. — See SelbieHast. DB TERAH.
2. location station on Exodus Journey Num 33:27; Num 33:28 Ταραθ.

תִּרְחֲנָה see רחן.

תָּרְמָה, תרמות, תַּרְמִית see [II. רמת].

twelve, two, second
tĕrên
two
  • two
    • two (as cardinal number)
      • "second (as ordinal number)"two (in combination with other numbers)

לְ מַלְכ֖וּת
לְ
Prefix — preposition to, for
מַלְכ֖וּת
Root word kingdom, reign, realm, kingdoms, kingly
Dictionary form: מַלְכוּ · mahl-KOO

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of the reign
the kingdom ×10 in the kingdom ×7 kingdom ×7 and his kingdom ×3 of the kingdom ×3 thy kingdom ×3 a kingdom ×2 and the kingdom ×2
More options
kingdom — Most common rendering; use for territorial/political sense.
reign — Emphasizes the act or period of ruling.
realm — Highlights the domain or sphere of a ruler's authority.
sovereignty — Abstract sense; stresses supreme power or dominion.
royal power — Emphasizes the kingly authority itself, not territory.
rule — Concise; suits contexts focused on governing activity.

BDB9664 H4437

BDB9663 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9665

מַלְכוּ noun feminine royalty, reign, kingdom; — absolute ׳מ Dan 2:39 +; construct מַלְכוּת Ezra 4:24 +; emphatic תָא- Dan 2:37 +, תָה- Dan 2:44 suffix תִי- Dan 4:15 +, הֵתּ- Dan 3:33 +, תָךְ- Dan 4:23 +; plural construct מַלְכְוָת Dan 7:27 emphatic וָתָא- Dan 2:44; Dan 7:23 —

1. royalty, kingship, kingly authority: Dan 4:23; Dan 4:28; Dan 4:33 ׳הֵיכַל מ v.Dan 4:26, ׳בֵּית מ v.Dan 4:27, כָּרְסֵא Dan 5:20.
2. organized (world-) kingdom: Dan 2:39 (twice in verse); Dan 2:40; Dan 2:41; Dan 2:42; Dan 2:44; Dan 7:23 (twice in verse); Dan 7:24; Dan 7:27 אֲנָשָׁא ׳מ Dan 4:14; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 of specific kings Dan 2:37; Dan 5:18; Dan 5:28; Dan 6:1 of God Dan 3:33; Dan 7:27 (both עָלַם ׳מ), Dan 2:44 (twice in verse); Dan 3:33; Dan 4:31; Dan 6:27; Dan 7:27 of Messiah Dan 7:14 (twice in verse); of saints Dan 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 7:22; Dan 7:27.
3. realm (territorial) Dan 4:15; Dan 4:33b; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:11; Dan 5:16; Dan 5:29; Dan 6:2 (twice in verse); Dan 6:4; Dan 6:8; Dan 6:27; Ezra 7:13; Ezra 7:23 metonymy Ezra 6:5 = administration of realm.
4. reign, time of reigning Dan 5:26; Dan 6:29 (twice in verse); Ezra 4:24; Ezra 6:15.

kingdom, reign, realm, kingdoms, kingly
malkû
dominion (abstractly or concretely)
  • royalty, reign, kingdom
    • royalty, kingship, kingly authority
      • "kingdom"realm (of territory)"reign (of time)

דָּֽרְיָ֥וֶשׁ
דָּֽרְיָ֥וֶשׁ
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Of darius")
Dictionary form: דָּֽרְיָוֵשׁ · DAW-reh-yaw-waysh

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: of darius
darius ×8 of darius ×3 and darius ×2 to darius ×1 unto darius ×1
More options
Darius — Standard modern English rendering of this Persian royal name.
King Darius — Use when royal title adds clarity in narrative context.
Darius the Mede — Distinguishes the Median Darius from later Persian rulers.

BDB9456 H1867 H1868

BDB9455 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9457

דָּֽרְיָ֫וֶשׁ15 proper name, masculine (Biblical Hebrew id.; Egyptian Aramaic דריוהוש RŠS361 S-CH 1+); —

1. Darius Hystaspis Ezra 4:24 + 8 t. Ezra.
2. 'Darius the Mede' Dan 6:1; Dan 6:2; Dan 6:7; Dan 6:10; Dan 6:26; Dan 6:29.

darius
dārĕyāwēš
lord
Darejavesh, a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings
  • Darius the Mede, the son of Ahasuerus, king of the Chaldeans, who succeeded to the Babylonian kingdom on the death of Belshazzar; probably the same as ___%___Astyages___%___ the last king of the Medes (538 BC) (same as H1867 (1))
    • "Darius, the son of Hystaspes, the founder of the Perso-Arian dynasty (521 BC) (same as H1867 (2))"Darius II or Darius III
    • Darius II, Nothus (Ochus) was king of Persia during the time of Nehemiah (424/3–405/4 BC). Darius II is the most probable because he is mentioned by Nehemiah and ruled during the time of Nehemiah
      • "Darius III, Codomannus was king of Persia during its last years at the time of Alexander the Great and was his opponent (336–330 BC)

מֶֽלֶךְ
מֶֽלֶךְ
Root word king, kings, royal
Dictionary form: מֶלֶךְ · meh-LEK

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: king
the king ×75 o king ×19 the kings ×12 king ×10 kings ×9 unto the king ×9 and the king ×7 to the king ×6
More options
king — Standard modern rendering; broadly suitable in most contexts.
monarch — Formal or literary tone; emphasizes sovereign authority.
ruler — Broader term; useful when royal title is less central.
sovereign — Elevated register; stresses supreme political power.
royal — Adjectival use; prefer when modifying a noun directly.

BDB9662 H4429 H4430

BDB9661 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9663

מֶ֫לֶךְ178 noun masculine king (general Semitic; see Biblical Hebrew); — ׳מ absolute Dan 2:10 + 2 t.; construct Dan 4:34 + 6 t.; usually emphatic מַלְכָּא Ezra 4:8 + 154 t., ָ  ה Dan 2:11 plural מַלְכִין Ezra 4:15 + 9 t., ִ  ים Ezra 4:13 (Hebraism, BeRy M41*); emphatic מַלְכַיָּא Dan 2:44 + 2 t.; — king Dan 2:4; Dan 2:5 + 132 t. Daniel; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:11 + 42 t. Ezra (מֶלָךְ מַלְכַיָּא of Nebuchadnezzar Dan 2:37, of Artaxerxes Ezra 7:12 [compare Cooke71.3, of Xerxes]; מַלְכִין Dan 7:17 = kingdoms, compare מַלְכוּ vDan 7:23).

king, kings, royal
melek
a king
  • king

פָּרָֽס
פָּרָֽס
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Of persia")
Dictionary form: פָּרַס · paw-RAHS

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: of persia
and persians ×4 of persia ×2
More options
Persia — Standard modern name for the ancient empire.
Persian — Adjectival/nominal form; use for people or culture.
the Persian Empire — Clarifies political scope in narrative contexts.
Persians — Plural; refers to the people as a collective group.

BDB9821 H6540 H6539

BDB9820 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9822

פָּרַס proper name, of a territory and people Persia (as kingdom), Persians (see Biblical Hebrew id.); — ׳פ Dan 6:9; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:16 פָּרָ֑ס Dan 5:28; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 6:14.

persians, persia
pāras
pure, splendid
Paras (i.e., Persia), an Eastern country, including its inhabitants
  • the empire Persia; encompassed the territory from India on the east to Egypt and Thrace on the west, and included, besides portions of Europe and Africa, the whole of western Asia between the Black Sea, the Caucasus, the Caspian and the Jaxartes on the north, the Arabian desert, the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean on the south
    • Persia proper was bounded on the west by Susiana or Elam, on the north by Media, on the south by the Persian Gulf and on the east by Carmania
    the people of the Persian empire

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
בֵּאדַ֗יִן Revia — a lesser break בְּטֵלַת֙ Pashta — a lesser break עֲבִידַ֣ת בֵּית אֱלָהָ֔א Zaqef Qatan — a strong break דִּ֖י Tipeha — a lesser break בִּירֽוּשְׁלֶ֑ם Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וַֽהֲוָת֙ Pashta — a lesser break בָּֽטְלָ֔א Zaqef Qatan — a strong break עַ֚ד Yetiv — a lesser break שְׁנַ֣ת תַּרְתֵּ֔ין Zaqef Qatan — a strong break לְמַלְכ֖וּת Tipeha — a lesser break דָּֽרְיָ֥וֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ פָּרָֽס Silluq — end of the verse

בֵּאדַיִן בְּטֵלַת עֲבִידַת בֵּית-אֱלָהָא דִּי בִּירֽוּשְׁלֶם וַֽהֲוָת בָּֽטְלָא עַד שְׁנַת תַּרְתֵּין לְמַלְכוּת דָּֽרְיָוֶשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ-פָּרָֽס׃
24
Then ceased the work of the house of God which is at Jerusalem. So it ceased unto the second year of the reign of Darius king of Persia.
Cross References

Haggai 1:15

בְּיוֹם עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבָּעָה לַחֹדֶשׁ בַּשִּׁשִּׁי בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
15
In the four and twentieth day of the sixth month, in the second year of Darius the king.

Nehemiah 6:9

כִּי כֻלָּם מְיָֽרְאִים אוֹתָנוּ לֵאמֹר יִרְפּוּ יְדֵיהֶם מִן-הַמְּלָאכָה וְלֹא תֵֽעָשֶׂה וְעַתָּה חַזֵּק אֶת-יָדָֽי׃
9
For they all made us afraid, saying, Their hands shall be weakened from the work, that it be not done. Now therefore, O God, strengthen my hands.

Job 20:5

כִּי רִנְנַת רְשָׁעִים מִקָּרוֹב וְשִׂמְחַת חָנֵף עֲדֵי-רָֽגַע׃
5
That the triumphing of the wicked is short, and the joy of the hypocrite but for a moment?

Ezra 6:1

בֵּאדַיִן דָּֽרְיָוֶשׁ מַלְכָּא שָׂם טְעֵם וּבַקַּרוּ׀ בְּבֵית סִפְרַיָּא דִּי גִנְזַיָּא מְהַֽחֲתִין תַּמָּה בְּבָבֶֽל׃
1
Then Darius the king made a decree, and search was made in the house of the rolls, where the treasures were laid up in Babylon.

Nehemiah 6:3

וָֽאֶשְׁלְחָה עֲלֵיהֶם מַלְאָכִים לֵאמֹר מְלָאכָה גְדוֹלָה אֲנִי עֹשֶׂה וְלֹא אוּכַל לָרֶדֶת לָמָּה תִשְׁבַּת הַמְּלָאכָה כַּֽאֲשֶׁר אַרְפֶּהָ וְיָֽרַדְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶֽם׃
3
And I sent messengers unto them, saying, I am doing a great work, so that I cannot come down: why should the work cease, whilst I leave it, and come down to you?

Ezra 5:5

וְעֵין אֱלָֽהֲהֹם הֲוָת עַל-שָׂבֵי יְהֽוּדָיֵא וְלָֽא-בַטִּלוּ הִמּוֹ עַד-טַעְמָא לְדָֽרְיָוֶשׁ יְהָךְ וֶֽאֱדַיִן יְתִיבוּן נִשְׁתְּוָנָא עַל-דְּנָֽה׃
5
But the eye of their God was upon the elders of the Jews, that they could not cause them to cease, till the matter came to Darius: and then they returned answer by letter concerning this matter.

1 Thessalonians 2:18

διό ἠθελήσαμεν ἐλθεῖν πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐγὼ μὲν Παῦλος καὶ ἅπαξ καὶ δίς καὶ ἐνέκοψεν ἡμᾶς ὁ Σατανᾶς
18
Wherefore we would have come unto you, even I Paul, once and again; but Satan hindered us.
Ezra 4:23
Read Ezra 4