Genesis 17:23

וַ יִּקַּ֨ח

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִּקַּ֨ח

Root word took, take, taken, away, receive, …

Dictionary form: לָקַח · law-KA

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and took

took ×130 take ×108 and took ×72 and take ×34 and he took ×32 shall take ×25 and they took ×21 and thou shalt take ×19

More options

take — Most versatile; fits nearly any context.

receive — Prefer when subject is a passive recipient.

fetch — Use when retrieval or going-to-get is implied.

seize — Forceful or sudden acquisition; strong register.

acquire — Suits commercial or legal contexts (buying, marriage).

bring — When focus is on conveying something to a destination.

BDB4450 H3947

לָקַח verb take (Late Hebrew id., especially buy, and (Niph`al) be taken in marriage; MI^{17; 20} Imperfect ואקח; Phoenician לקח; Assyrian li‡û, la‡û Dl^{HWB 384}; Arabic conceive (of female), IV. impregnate; Ethiopic receive; Zinjirli לקח DHM^{Sendsch. 59}; Aramaic also Inscription of Carpentras³ (Imperative קחי); compare Cook^Gloss Aramaic Inscr); —

Qal Perfect ׳ל Gen 2:22 +, לָקָח֑ Gen 27:36 + (קָח Ezek 17:5 is textual error; omitted by ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Co, compare Ges^{«GKC:19»§ 19}, 3. a); suffix לְקָחַנִי Gen 24:7, לְקָחָם Jer 27:20 (for קָחָם Hos 11:3 read probably אֶקָּחֵם ᵐ5 ᵑ7 Ew St Sta^{§ 384, 4} Now Che Or We); 2 masculine singular לָקַחְתָּ Gen 20:3 +, etc.; Imperfect יִקַּח Exod 21:10 +, וַיִּקַּח (Num 16:1 read וַיָּקָם Bö We Di Dr^{2Sam 18:18}; 1Sam 30:20 read וַיִּקְחוּ We Dr Kit Bu); suffix יִקָּחֵנִי 2Sam 22:27 +; יִקָּחֲךָ Job 15:12 3 feminine singular תִּקַּח Gen 38:23 +; 1 singular אֶקַּח Gen 14:23 +, וָאֶקְחָה Zech 11:13 1 plural נִקַּח Gen 34:6 +, נִקְחָה 1Sam 4:3 +; וַנִּקַּח Deut 3:8; Deut 29:7 Imperative לְקַח Exod 29:1; Prov 20:16 + Ezek 37:16 (Co וְלָקַחְתָּ֫, after ᵐ5); feminine singular לִקְחִי 1Kgs 17:11 usually קַח Gen 6:21 +, קְחָה Gen 15:9, suffix 3 masculine singular, קָחֶנּוּ 1Sam 16:11 + 2 t.; suffix 3 feminine singular קָחֶנָּה Jer 36:14 suffix 3 masculine plural קָחֶםנָֿא Gen 48:9 (compare Kö^{i. 330} Ges^{«GKC:61»§ 61}, 2); feminine singular קְחִי Isa 23:16 +3 t.; masculine plural קְחוּ Gen 42:33 +, suffix 3 masculine singular קָחֻהוּ 1Kgs 20:33 Infinitive absolute לָקוֺחַ Jer 32:14 + 2 t., לָקֹחַ Deut 31:26 construct קַחַת Jer 5:3 +; קְחַתֿ 2Kgs 12:9 (Kö^{i. 318}); usually with preposition לָקַ֫חַת Gen 4:11 +, מִקַּ֫חַת 1Kgs 22:3 +, etc.; suffix קַחְתִּי Ezek 24:25, קַחְתֵּךְ Gen 30:15 +, etc.; Participle active לֹקֵחַ Gen 27:46 +, etc.; passive plural לְקֻחִים Prov 24:11 —

1. take, take in the hand, followed by accusative of thing, Exod 7:15 (J), Exod 17:5 (E), Num 25:7 (P), 2Kgs 4:29 (all with בְּיַד) 2Sam 18:14 (with בְּכַף), compare Gen 8:9 (J), Exod 4:17; Exod 12:22 (JE), Deut 15:17 + often; Gen 40:11 (E; of plucking grapes. 2Sam 4:6 read סֹקְלָהfor לֹקְחֵי, see חִטָּה, p. 334 above, and סקל). This easily passes into

2. take and carry along with oneself, כֶּסֶף קְחוּ בְיֶדְכֶם Gen 43:12 (J), Josh 9:11 (JE), 1Kgs 14:3; 2Kgs 5:5; 2Kgs 8:8; 2Kgs 8:9; 2Kgs 9:1 all Prov 7:20 (all with בְּיַד); Gen 43:15; Josh 9:4 (both J E), +.

3. a. take from, or out of, followed by active of thing or person, + מִן local: Gen 2:22 (rib from man), Gen 3:22 (man from ground; both J); Deut 19:12; 1Sam 17:49; 1Kgs 17:19 +; וַיִּקַּ ח אֶתהַֿחֶרֶב מֵעַל יֶרֶךְ יִמִינוֺ Judg 3:21 (i.e. drew it); with ב instrumental בְּמֶלְקָחַיִם מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ ׳ל Isa 6:6 followed by מִן partitive 2Sam 12:4.
b. take, carry away: Ezek 3:14 sprit lifited me up and carried me away; figurativeof passion carrying one away Job 15:12.
c. take away from, so as to deprive of, followed by accusative Gen 42:36 (E); followed by accusative+ מִן, Gen 44:29 (מֵעִם; J), 1Kgs 11:34; Ps 51:13 לֹקֵחַ אֶתֿ ׳י אֲדֹנֶיךָ מֵעַל ראֹשֶׁ֑ךָ 2Kgs 2:3 ׳י is about to take away thy lord from over thy head, so v2Kgs 2:5 compare absolute אֵינֶנּוּ אֹתוֺ אלהים ׳כִּילֿ Gen 5:24 (P); more often without מִן, Gen 27:36 (twice in verse); Gen 30:15 (twice in verse); Gen 31:1 (all J), Judg 11:13; Judg 11:15; Judg 15:6; Judg 18:24; 1Sam 12:3 (twice in verse); 2Sam 12:4; 1Kgs 11:34; Job 12:20 absolute Job 1:21 אֶתֶּןלְֿךָ מֶלֶךְ בְּאַפִּי וְאֶקַּח בְּעֶבְרָתִי Hos 13:11 of the sword, taking away its victims Ezek 33:4; Ezek 33:6 figurative of taking away understanding Hos 4:11.
d. especially take away life 1Kgs 19:10; 1Kgs 19:14; Ps 31:14; Prov 1:19; Jonah 4:3.

4. take to or for a person:
a. for oneself, followed by accusative + לְ, = appropriate to oneself Deut 7:25; Num 8:16 (P), Deut 22:7; 2Kgs 12:6 with לְ as dativus commodi [dative of benefit], Zech 11:7 אֶתשְֿׁנֵי יְלָדַי לוֺ לַעֲבָדִים ׳ל 2Kgs 4:1 to take my two sons for himself for slaves; so (without לְ reflexive), תִּקָּחֶנּוּ לְעֶבֶד עוֺלָם Job 40:28 wilt thou take him as slave for ever?
b. = procure, get, followed by accusative + לְ, קְחוּ לָכֶם תֶּבֶןExod 5:11 (J) get you straw; לֹקֵחַ לוֺ קָלוֺן Prov 9:7 getteth to himself shame; so often, especially קַח לְךָ, etc., Gen 6:21; Gen 12:19; Gen 16:21; Gen 45:19 +; without לְ, Neh 5:2 let us procure corn, and eat and live; of acquiring a field Prov 31:16.
c. take possession of, followed by accusative, of land Deut 29:7; Josh 11:16; Josh 11:23 (all D), 2Chr 16:5 compare פְּקֻדָּתוֺ יִקַּח אַחֵר Ps 109:8 his office let another take; figurative הַלַּיְלָה הַהוּא יִקָּחֵהוּ אֹפֶל Job 3:6 that night — let darkness take possession of it!
d. = select, choose, ׳י ׳וְאֶתְכֶם לDeut 4:20, compare vDeut 4:34 ( + לוֺ), 1Kgs 11:37 of men Deut 1:15; Josh 3:12 (J E; + לָכֶם); + מִן Deut 1:23; Josh 4:2 (JE).
e. especially take in marriage: (I) for another, especially a son, with לְ, וְלָקַחְתָּ֫ אִשָּׁה לִבְנִי, Gen 24:4 and thou shalt take a wifefor my son, so vGen 24:7 vGen 24:38 vGen 24:40 vGen 24:48 (all J), Gen 21:21 (E), Jer 29:6b; (2) more often for oneself, usually with לְ reflexive (sometimes + לְאִשָּׁה), Gen 4:19; Gen 6:2; Gen 11:29; Gen 12:19 (all J), + often; without לְ Gen 20:2; Gen 20:3 (E), etc. feminine = receive, accept, especially a bribe, gift, ransom, etc., 1Sam 8:3; 1Sam 12:4 (both followed by מִן), Amos 5:12; 2Kgs 5:15; 2Kgs 5:16; 2Kgs 5:20; 2Kgs 5:23; 2Kgs 5:26 (twice in verse); Ps 15:5 interest-money Ezek 18:13; Ezek 18:17; Ezek 22:12 inheritance Josh 13:8; Josh 18:7(both D), Num 34:14 (twice in verse); Num 34:15 (P); of earth, receiving Abel's blood Gen 4:11(J); chastisement Isa 40:2 of perceiving a sound, Job 4:11 mine ear received a whisper of it; receive mentally: וְלָקַח בְּעָלָיו Exod 22:10 (E) i.e. shall accept the oath as satisfactory; בָּרֵךְ לָקַחְתִּי Num 23:20 (JE), i.e. I have received (commandment by revelation) to bless; receive instruction Prov 24:32; Jer 2:30 +; entanglements of temptation Prov 22:25.
g. take, as preliminary to further action: Gen 31:34(E), she took them and put them; Judg 3:25 take key and open; Josh 2:4 she took the two men and hid them; 1Kgs 18:4 Obadiah took 100 prophets and hid them; 1Kgs 19:21 Elisha took the yoke of oxen and slew them, compare 2Sam 17:19; 2Sam 18:18 sometimes wholly redundant, קְחוּ וַעֲשׂוּ עֲגָלָה חֲדָשָׁה 1Sam 6:7 take and prepare a new cart, etc.; somewhat different is הַלֹּקְחִים לְשׁוֺנָם וַיִּנְאֲמוּ נְאֻם Jer 23:31, i.e. they take (= make use of) their own tongues, and talk oracles.

5. take up, upon =put upon, followed by ׃עַל וַתִּקַּת תָּמָר אֵפֶר עַלרֿאֹשָׁהּ 2Sam 13:19 and Tamar put ashes upon her head; וַיִּקָּחֶהָ עַלהַֿחֲמוֺר Judg 19:28 compare יִפְרשֹׁ כְּנָפָיו יִקָּחֵהוּ Deut 32:11 he spreadeth his wings, he taketh him up.

6. = fetch: קְחִינָֿא לִי מְעַטמַֿיִם 1Kgs 17:10 fetch me, pray, a little water, compare v1Kgs 17:11 v1Kgs 17:11, 2Kgs 2:20; 2Kgs 4:41 וְקַחלִֿי מִשָּׁם שְׁנֵי גְּדָיֵי עִוִּים Gen 27:9 and fetch me thence two kids, compare vGen 27:13 (J); + בְּיָדִי 1Sam 21:9 an offering Lev 12:8 (P; || הֵבִיא vLev 12:6); with human object often nearly = summon, לָקֹב אֹיְבַי לְקַחְתִּיךָ Num 33:11 (JE) to curse mine enemies did I summon thee, Judg 11:5; 1Sam 16:11 שְׁלַח וְקַח אֹתוֺ אֵלַי 1Sam 20:31 send and bring him unto me; 2Kgs 3:15; 2Kgs 6:13 +; of ׳י, summoning his people from exile, מִשָּׁם יְקָּחֶ֑ךָ Deut 30:4.

7. take=lead, conduct (with or without contact): וַיִּקַּח אֶתשְֿׁנֵי בָנָיו עִמּוֺ Gen 48:1 גַּם בְּקַרְכֶם קְחוּ Exod 12:32 (both E); וְאֶתעַֿמּוֺ לָקַח עִמּוֺ Exod 14:6 (J) and his people he took with him; compare vExod 14:7 (J), Josh 8:1 (JE), Judg 4:6 אֶקָּֽחֲךָ אֶלמָֿקוֺם אַחֵר Num 23:27 I will take thee unto another place, compare vNum 23:14 vNum 23:28 (all J E); ׳י subject, וָאֶקַּח אֶתאֲֿבִיכֶם Josh 24:3 (E) and I took your father Abraham from beyond the river; לַמָּוֶת הַצֵּל לְקֻחִים rescue those led to death.

8. take = capture, seize: לָקַחְתִּי בְחָזְקָה 1Sam 2:16 I will take by force, that is, flesh; of spoils, ׳בֶּצַע כֶּסֶף לֹא ל Judg 5:19 gain of silver they took not; of capture of ark 1Sam 5:1 bronze 2Sam 8:3, etc.; territory Gen 48:22 (E), Deut 3:14 cities Num 21:25 (JE),.Deut 3:14; Josh 11:19 (D), 1Sam 7:14; 2Sam 8:1 of capture of hippopotamus Job 40:24 of seductions of woman, וְאַלתִּֿקָּֽחֲךָ בְּעַפְעַפֶּיהָ Prov 6:25 and let her not capture thee with her eyelids.

9. take = carry off:
a. as booty Gen 14:11; 1Sam 27:9; 1Sam 30:16; 1Sam 30:18; 1Sam 30:19; 1Sam 30:20; 1Kgs 14:26 (twice in verse).
b. as prisoners Gen 14:12; 2Kgs 18:32 = Isa 36:17; 2Kgs 23:34 = 2Chr 36:4.

10. inphrase take vengeance: וְנִקְחָה נִקְמָתֵנוּ מִמֶּנּוּ Jer 20:10 and we will take our vengeance upon him; absolute נָקָם אֶקַּח Isa 47:3 vengeance will I take.Niph`al Perfect נִלְקַח 1Sam 4:22 נִלְקָ֑ח 1Sam 4:11; Ezek 33:6 3 feminine singular נִלְקָ֑חָה 1Sam 4:17 Imperfect 3 feminine singular וַתִּלָּקַח Esth 2:8; Esth 2:16 1 singular אֶלָּקַח 2Kgs 2:9 Infinitive construct הִלָּקַח 1Sam 4:19; 1Sam 4:21, suffix הִלָּֽקְחוֺ 1Sam 21:7 —

1. be captured, of ark 1Sam 4:11; 1Sam 4:17; 1Sam 4:19; 1Sam 4:21; 1Sam 4:22.

2. be taken away, removed, of shewbread 1Sam 21:7 of removal by death Ezek 33:6 of translation of Elijah 2Kgs 2:9 (with מֵעִם person)

3. be taken, brought unto (אֶלֿ), only Esth 2:8; Esth 2:16. Pu`al Perfect לֻקַּח Gen 3:23 +, 3 feminine singular לְֻקָֿחָהֿ Gen 2:23, 2 masculine singular לֻקָּ֑חְתָּ Gen 3:19, etc.; —

1. be taken from, out of ( מִן of source) Gen 2:23; Gen 3:19; Gen 3:23 (all J); compare וְלֻקַּח מֵהֶם קְלָלָה Jer 29:22 and there shall be taken from them ( derived from their case) a curse-formula.

2. = be stolen from, Judg 17:2 ( ל person)

3. be taken captive, Jer 48:46, compare Isa 52:5.

4. be taken away, removed ( = Niph`al 2 ), of Elijah's translation 2Kgs 2:10 (with מֵאֵת person), of death Isa 53:8 (with מִן, probably instrumental) Hoph`al Imperfect יֻקַּח Gen 18:4 +, etc.; —

1. be taken, brought unto Gen 12:15 (J; followed by בֵּית to the house of), Gen 18:4 (absolute)

2. be taken out of Job 28:2 (מִן of source ), from, of Ezek 15:3 (מִן partitive)

3. be taken away from Isa 49:24 (מִן person); absolute vIsa 49:25. Hithpa`el Participle feminine singular אֵשׁ מִתְלַקַּ֫חַת literally fire taking hold of itself, of lightning Exod 9:24 (JE), Ezek 1:4, exact significance dubious; in close succession, incessant Di Sm, infolding itself, i.e. a mass of fire, Thes Rob-Ges A VB SS, > of quivering flashes Buhl, of forked or zigzag lightning Da.

took, take, taken, away, receive, …

lāqaḥ

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

to take, get, fetch, lay hold of, seize, receive, acquire, buy, bring, marry, take a wife, snatch, take away

(Qal)

to take, take in the hand

to be captured

to be taken from or out of

to be taken unto, be brought unto

to take hold of oneself

אַבְרָהָ֜ם

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Abraham")

Dictionary form: אַבְרָהָם · ab-raw-HAWM

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: abraham

abraham ×105 of abraham ×22 abrahams ×12 unto abraham ×11 and abraham ×7 to abraham ×5 and abrahams ×1 but abraham ×1

More options

Abraham — Standard modern spelling; use in nearly all contexts.

Abram — Use only before the name change in Gen 17.

Abraham's — Possessive form; for attributive or genitive constructions.

BDB38 H87 H85

אַבְרָם proper name, masculine (id., Thes and others exalted father) Abram Gen 11:26; Gen 11:27 + 57 t. Genesis (to Gen 17:5) + 1Chr 1:27; Neh 9:7 = אַבְרָהָם Abraham Gen 17:5; Gen 17:9; Gen 17:15 + 172 t. OT. (אברהם connected Gen 17:5 by word-play with הם of המון; really = רום ֯ אברם = רהם which however is not found in Hebrew — compare Di > Hal^{RÉJ 1887, 177 f} who proposes אֲבִר הַם גּוֺיִם compare Gen 49:21 with Isa 41:21 so that אֲבִר הָם chief of multitude is the new name of Gen 17:5 (הָם) √ המה). Spiegelb^{Randglossen 14} compare Palestinian proper name geography µ‡r° °brru = חקל אברם (compage Egyptian article masculine), in Sheshonk list. As regards etymology, Nö^l.c. and others explained as 'the father [a divine title] is exalted' (compare יְהוֺרָם, מַלְכִּירָם, חִירָם[אֲ]).

abraham, abrahams

ʾabrāhām

father of a multitude, chief of multitude

Abraham, the later name of Abram

friend of God and founder of Hebrew nation via God's elective covenant

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

יִשְׁמָעֵ֣אל

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Ishmael")

Dictionary form: יִשְׁמָעֵאל · yish-maw-ALE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: ishmael

ishmael ×20 and ishmael ×10 of ishmael ×9 that ishmael ×3 even ishmael ×2 and as for ishmael ×1 but ishmael ×1 ishmaels ×1

More options

Ishmael — Standard modern spelling; use in most narrative contexts.

Ishmael's — Possessive form for ownership or association contexts.

Yishmael — Transliteration; use when emphasizing Hebrew cultural authenticity.

Ishmael himself — Adds emphasis; mirrors Hebrew focus constructions.

BDB8838 H3458

יִשְׁמָעֵאל₄₈ proper name, masculine El heareth; Sabean יסמעאל Hal¹⁸⁷; on from compare Lag^{BN 131}); —

1. son of Abraham and Hagar Gen 16:11 (name explanation ׳רגו ׳שָׁמַע י), vGen 16:15. 16 + 11 t. Gen 17.25, Gen 28:9 (twice in verse); Gen 36:3; 1Chr 1:28; 1Chr 1:29; 1Chr 1:31 Ισμαηλ

2. usually Ισμαηλ: murderer of Gedaliah Jer 41:8; Jer 40:14; Jer 40:15; Jer 40:16 + 17 t. Jer 41; 2Kgs 25:23; 2Kgs 25:25 (ᵐ5^L Ισραηλ !).

3. in Benjamin 1Chr 8:38; 1Chr 9:44.

4. in Judah:
a. 2Chr 19:11.
b. 2Chr 23:1.

5. Jew with foreign wife Ezra 10:22, Σαμαηλ, A ᵐ5^L Ισμαηλ.

ishmael, ishmaels

yišmāʿēl

God will hear

Jishmael, the name of Abraham's oldest son, and of five Israelites

son of Abraham and Sarah's handmaid Hagar and the progenitor of the Arabian peoples

בְּנ ֗וֹ

בְּנ

Root word son, children, sons, old, first, …

֗וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: בֵּן · bane

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: his son

the son ×1140 the children ×607 of the children ×309 his son ×206 son ×179 the sons ×177 and the children ×160 sons ×155

More options

son — Core meaning; use for a single male offspring.

children — Preferred when the group is mixed or age is stressed.

sons — Use for a male plural or tribal/genealogical list.

descendants — Best for extended lineage or collective ethnic groups.

members — Idiomatic for constructs like 'members of the community/guild'.

young — Use for animal offspring or 'young of' constructions.

BDB1160 H1121

בֵּן₄₈₇₀ noun masculine son (MI Phoenician בן; so Sabean CIS^{iv. No. 2}, compare בני DHM^{Semitic Sprachforsch. 6}; Arabic ; Assyrian bin (u), Lyon^{Sargon 9, 1. 57}; especially in bin-bin, grandson COT^Gloss, compare Dl below; Aramaic בַּר, , plural בְּנִין, ; compare Palmyrene, especially Vog^{No. 21. 31. 36a} and others; possibly originally connected with בנה build, so Thes, compare Assyrian bânu, begetter (Dl^{Pr 104 &} compare Ba^{ZMG 1887, 638 ff.}); but all traces of this √ lost in Hebrew form; √ perhaps originally bilit. (בִּן, בֵּן) בַּן ֗֗֗ see Sta^{§ 183}) — absolute ׳בּ Gen 4:25 +; ֵבּןֿ Ezek 18:10 construct בֵּן Gen 49:22 (twice in verse); בֶּןֿ Gen 5:32 +; בֶּן Esth 2:5; Neh 6:18, & with prefix Gen 17:17; Num 8:25; 1Chr 27:23; 2Chr 25:5; 2Chr 31:16; 2Chr 31:17 בְּנוֺ Num 23:18; Num 24:3; Num 24:15 בְּנִי Gen 49:11 בִּן Deut 25:2 בִּןֿ Exod 33:11 + 32 t. (29 t. in combination בִּןנֿוּן (ישׁוע, הושׁע) יהושׁע); suffix בְּנִי Gen 21:10 +; בִּנְךָ Exod 20:10 +; לִבֱנ֑ךָ Deut 7:3; 1Kgs 11:13 בְּנֵךְ Gen 30:14 +; בְּנוֺ Gen 4:17 +; בְּנָהּ Gen 21:10 +; plural בָּנִים Gen 3:16 +; construct בְּנֵי Gen 6:2 +; suffix בָּנַי Gen 31:43 +; בָּנֵינוּ Josh 22:25 +; בְּנֵיכֶם Exod 3:22 +, etc.; —

1. son, male child, born of a woman Gen 4:25; Gen 16:11; Gen 16:15; Gen 17:19 compare vGen 17:16; Gen 18:10; Gen 18:14; Gen 19:37; Gen 19:38 + often, compare בֶּןבִּֿטְנָהּ Isa 49:15 begotten by a man Gen 5:4f; Gen 5:28; Gen 6:10; Gen 11:11f. + often; || (בָּנוֺת) בַּת daughter Gen 5:4; Gen 5:7; Gen 5:10f. Gen 11:11; Gen 11:13; Gen 11:15f; Exod 20:10; Deut 5:14; Deut 16:11; Deut 16:14; 1Sam 30:3; 1Sam 30:6; Job 1:2; Job 42:13 +; of son as desired Gen 30:2 (compare Gen 15:2; Gen 16:2; Gen 17:17; Gen 18:10f.; 1Sam 1:5-11) 2Kgs 4:14; 2Kgs 4:28; Ps 127:3 +; rejoiced in Gen 30:6 +; beloved Exod 21:5; 2Sam 19:1; 2Sam 19:3; 2Sam 19:5; 1Kgs 3:26 cared for Deut 1:31 spared Mal 3:17 disciplined & trained Deut 8:5; Prov 3:12; Prov 13:24; Prov 19:18; Prov 29:17 owing reverence, obedience, etc. to parents Prov 6:20; Prov 10:1; Prov 13:1 בִּנְךָ בְּכוֺרְךָ thy first-born son Gen 27:32 הַבֵּן הַבְּכֹר Deut 21:15 compare 1Sam 8:2 בְּנָהּ הַגָּדֹל her elder son Gen 27:15; Gen 27:42 בְּנוֺ הַגָּדֹל Gen 27:1 בְּנָהּ הַקָּטָן her younger son Gen 27:15; Gen 27:42. In particular
a. בֶּןאִֿמּוֺ son of his mother, i.e. own (uterine) brother Gen 43:29, compare Gen 27:29; Judg 8:19; Ps 50:20; Ps 69:9, & see אֵם; בְּנֵי אָבִיךָ sons of thy father = brethren Gen 49:8 (poetry)
b. בְּנֵי דֹדֵיהֶן = cousins Num 36:11.
c. בְּנִי my son, as term of kindliness or endearment, used by Eli to Samuel 1Sam 3:6; 1Sam 3:16 compare 1Sam 4:16; 1Sam 24:17; 1Sam 26:17; 1Sam 26:21; 1Sam 26:25, see also Prov 1:8; Prov 1:10; Prov 2:1 +; compare בִּנְךָ, used by Benhadad of himself to Elisha 2Kgs 8:9 by Ahaz to Tiglath-pileser 2Kgs 16:7 especially to express intimate and gracious relation with God: ׳י calls Israel בְּנִי בְכֹרִי Exod 4:22 compare vExod 4:23; Hos 11:1, see also Ps 80:16 (but compare Che); בָּנִים אַתֶּם ליהוה אלהיכם Deut 14:1 בְּנֵי עֶלְיוֺן Ps 82:6 (|| אלהים); בְּנֵי אֵלחָֿ֑י Hos 2:1 compare further Deut 32:5 (plural) vDeut 32:20 (plural) Isa 1:2; Isa 1:4; Isa 30:1; Isa 30:9; Jer 3:14; Jer 3:22; Jer 4:22; Jer 31:20 of future Davidic king 2Sam 7:14 = 1Chr 17:13 compare Ps 2:7 expressly referred to Solomon 1Chr 22:10; 1Chr 28:6 also of children (offered in fire) Ezek 16:21.
d. בְּנֵי האלהים applied to supernatural beings Gen 6:2; Gen 6:4; Job 1:6; Job 2:1 בְּנֵי אלהים Job 38:7 בְּנֵי אֵלִים Ps 29:1 (on which compare Che's note) Ps 89:7.
e. בֶּןאָֿדָם son of man, compare ׳בְּנֵי א, see אָדָם; בְּנֵי אִישׁ Ps 4:3 & (|| בני אדם) Ps 49:3; Ps 62:10. feminine בֶּןבִּֿנְךָ = thy grandson Exod 10:2; Deut 6:2; Judg 8:22 compare Jer 27:7 plural Exod 34:7; Exod 4:25; Exod 2:41; Exod 2:40; Job 42:16; Ps 128:6; Prov 13:22; Prov 17:6; Ezek 37:25 also בֵּן alone with similar reference Gen 29:5 (Laban son of Nahor); Laban calls his daughters' children his own sons Gen 31:28; Gen 31:43 compare Gen 32:1 so of Naomi Ruth 4:17 בְּנֵי רְבִעִים 2Kgs 10:30 sons of the fourth generation, and, in general, descendants Josh 22:24; Josh 22:25; Josh 22:27 +; see also below
i. below
g. constantly, as more precise designation, added to personal name כָּלֵב בֶּןיְֿפֻנֶּה Num 14:30; Num 32:12; Num 34:19 +; יְהוֺשֻׁעַ בִּןנֿוּן Num 11:28; Num 14:30; Num 32:12; Num 32:28; Num 34:17 +; יָרָבְעָם בֶּןנְֿבָט 1Kgs 12:2; 1Kgs 12:15 +, etc.; also without personal name (often with implication of contempt) בֶּןקִֿישׁ 1Sam 10:11 בֶּןיִֿשַׁי 1Sam 20:27; 1Sam 20:30; 1Sam 20:31; 1Sam 22:7; 1Sam 22:8; 1Sam 22:9; 1Sam 22:13; 1Sam 25:10; 2Sam 20:1 בְּנֵי צְרוּיָה 2Sam 16:10 בֶּןרְֿמַלְיָהוּ Isa 7:4; Isa 7:5; Isa 7:9; Isa 8:16 בֶּןטָֽֿבְאַ֑ל Isa 7:6 compare also בְּנֵי לֵוִי Num 16:7; Num 16:8.
h. designated as בֶּןזְֿקֻנִים i.e. born in old age of father Gen 37:3 opposed to בְּנֵי הַנְּעוּרִים sons of one's youth Ps 127:4 also בֶּןבֵּֿיתִי one born in my house Gen 15:3 (i.e. slave) so בְּנֵי בַיִת Eccl 2:7.
i. in various combinations: (α) as expression of contumely, בֶּןֿ נַעֲוַת הַמַּרְדּוּת 1Sam 20:30 בֶּןהַֿמְּרַצֵּחַ הַזֶּה 2Kgs 6:32 this son of a murderer; compare בְּנֵינָֿבָל Job 30:8 בְּנֵי בְלִישֵֿׁם ib.; בְּנֵי עֹנֲַנָה Isa 57:3 (|| זֶרַע מְנָאֵף); compare בֶּןאִֿשָּׁה אַחֶרֶת Judg 11:2 (compare vJudg 11:1); (β) as term of respect, dignity, בֶּןחֿוֺרִים son of nobles Eccl 10:17 (in Aramaic = free born); בֶּןחֲֿכָמִים Isa 19:11 בֶּןמַֿלְכֵיקֶֿדֶם ib.; compare בֶּןמֶֿלֶךְ Ps 72:1 (|| מֶלֶךְ); בֶּןאֲֿמָתֶ֑ךָ Ps 86:16 in addressing ׳י (|| עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ) & בְּנֵיעֲֿבָדֶיךָ Ps 102:29 of noble appearance בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ Judg 8:18.
j. often plural with name of ancestor, people, land, or city, to denote descendants, inhabitants, membership in a nation or family, etc.: (α) e.g. בְּנֵיעֵֿבֶר Gen 10:21 בְּנֵיחֵֿת Gen 23:3; Gen 23:5; Gen 23:7; Gen 23:10 (twice in verse); Gen 23:11; Gen 23:16; Gen 23:18; Gen 23:20; Gen 25:10; Gen 49:32 (all P); (בְּנֵישֵֿׁת Num 24:17 see below 8); בְּנֵיחֲֿמוֺר Gen 33:19; Josh 24:32 בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו Gen 36:5; Gen 36:15; Gen 36:19; Deut 2:4; Deut 2:8; Deut 2:12; Deut 2:22; Deut 2:29 בְּנֵי שֵׂעִיר Gen 36:20; Gen 36:21 בֶּןֿ(בני)הִנֹּם Josh 15:8 + (compare below גַּיְא); בְּנֵי לוֺט Deut 2:9; Deut 2:19; Ps 83:9 בְּנֵייֿוֺסֵף (literal Gen 46:27; Gen 48:8; 1Chr 5:1) Num 1:32; Num 26:28; Num 26:37; Num 34:23; Num 36:5 (׳י ׳מַטֵּה ב) + 6 t. Joshua, compare Ps 77:16 even בְּנֵי חֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מְנַשֶּׁה 1Chr 5:23 בְּנֵי דָוַיד (literal 2Sam 8:18 = 1Chr 18:17; 1Chr 3:1; 1Chr 3:9) 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 23:3; 2Chr 32:33 בְּנֵי אָסָף 2Chr 29:13; Ezra 2:41; Ezra 3:8 + (see אָסָף); בְּנֵי קֹרַח in titles of Psalm 42-49, 84, 85, 87, 88; especially (β) בְּנֵיעַֿמּוֺן (standing designation of people of Ammon) Gen 19:38 + 81 t. (compare עַמּוֺן & Nö^{ZMG 1886, 171} Dr^{Sm 66}); בְּנֵי יַעֲקֹב (literal Gen 34:7; Gen 34:13; Gen 34:25; Gen 34:27; Gen 35:5; Gen 35:22; Gen 35:26; Gen 49:2) 2Kgs 17:34; Ps 105:6; Mal 3:6 compare Ps 77:16 & chiefly (γ) בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל (literal Gen 42:5; Gen 45:21; Gen 46:5; Exod 1:1) Exod 1:7 + 613 t., including Hexateuch 427 (of which 328 P, 49 E, 25 J, 25 D), Judg 61, Samuel Kings Chronicles 73 (23 in reference to ancient history, 10 in opposition to Judah); so also Vrss & variant reading sometimes for ׳בֵּית יִשׂ, e.g. Josh 21:43 + see Di, Ezek 3:1 + see Co; also the reverse Ezek 2:3 and elsewhere; note especially יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳עַם בּ Exod 1:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳עַמִּי בּ Exod 3:10; Exod 7:4 עֲדַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Exod 16:1; Exod 16:2; Exod 16:9; Exod 16:10; Exod 17:1; Lev 16:5; Lev 19:2; Num 1:2; Num 1:53; Num 8:9; Num 8:20; Num 13:26; Num 15:25; Num 15:26; Num 17:6; Num 19:9; Num 25:6; Num 26:2; Num 31:12 (all P); ׳יִשׂ ׳דֹּרוֺת ב Judg 3:2 וְכָלהָֿעָם ׳יִשׂ ׳כָּלבֿ Judg 20:26 וּבְּנֵי הַלֵּוִי ׳יִשׂ ׳ב Neh 10:40 also (δ) בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה (literal Gen 46:12; Gen 26:19; 1Chr 2:3; 1Chr 2:10; 1Chr 4:1) Num 1:26 + 18 t. Numbers, Joshua, Judg 1:8; Judg 1:9; Judg 1:16 (so read also vJudg 1:21 vJudg 1:21 compare Josh 15:53 & see below בנימן) 2Sam 1:18; 1Chr 4:27 + 8 t. Chronicles, Jer 7:30 + 4 t. Jeremiah; Hos 2:2; Joel 4:6; Joel 4:8; Joel 4:19; Obad 1:12 (not in Kings, of Judah or of any other tribe, except בְּנֵי לֵוִי 1Kgs 12:31) including מַטֵּה בְּנֵי יהוּדָה Josh 15:1; Josh 15:20; Josh 15:21; Josh 21:1; 1Chr 6:50 for usage with other tribes of Israel, see the articles; — but note (ε) בְּנֵי לֵוִי (literal Gen 46:11; Exod 6:16; Num 3:17; 1Chr 5:27; 1Chr 6:1 compare 1Chr 23:6) Exod 32:28; Num 3:15; Num 16:7; Num 16:8; Num 18:21; Josh 21:10 (as including sons of Aaron etc.); כָּלבְּֿנֵי לֵוִי Exod 32:26 ׳ל ׳כָּלאַֿחֶיךָ ב Num 16:10 ׳ל ׳הַכֹּהֲנִים ב Deut 21:5; Deut 31:9 compare 1Kgs 12:31 & Mal 3:8; 1Chr 23:24; 1Chr 23:27; 1Chr 24:20; Ezra 8:15 (distinguished from priests) Neh 12:23; Ezek 40:46 (including בְּנֵי צָדוֺק the priests); also ׳ל ׳מַחֲנוֺת ב 1Chr 9:18 בְּנֵי הַלֵּוִי 1Chr 12:27; Neh 10:40 בְּנֵי הַלְּוִיִם 1Chr 15:15; 1Chr 24:30 (compare also לֵוִי); (ζ) בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן (literal Exod 28:1; Exod 28:40; 1Chr 5:29; 1Chr 24:1 often Aaron and his sons literal Exod 27:21; Exod 28:1; Exod 28:4 +) Lev 3:5; Lev 3:8; Lev 3:13; Lev 6:7; Lev 6:11; Lev 7:10; Lev 7:83; Josh 21:10; 1Chr 6:35; 1Chr 6:39; 1Chr 6:42; 1Chr 15:4 (+ Levites) 1Chr 24:1; 1Chr 24:31; Neh 12:47 also הַכֹּהֲנִים ׳בְּנֵי א Lev 1:5; Lev 1:8; Lev 1:11; Lev 2:2; Lev 3:2; Num 3:8; Num 10:8 & Josh 21:19; 2Chr 31:19 compare 2Chr 26:18; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 35:14 (twice in verse); בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן Lev 1:7; Josh 21:4 (as subdivision of Levites) vJosh 21:13 compare Lev 7:34 אֶתכֹּֿהֲנֵי יהוה אֶתבְּֿנֵי אַהֲרֹן וְהַלְּוִּיִּם 2Chr 13:9 compare v2Chr 13:10 once in singular הַכֹּהֵן בֶּןאַֿהֲרֹן Neh 10:39 see also below אַהֲרֹן; (η) בְּנֵי צָדוֺק הכהנים הלוים בני צדוק; Ezek 48:11 הכהנים הַמְֿקֻדָּשׁ מנגי צדוק (ᵐ5 Sm Co join מ of מבני to preceding word, making plural); (φ) בְּנֵי with names of peoples, lands, and cities, בְּנֵי כֻּשִׁיִּים Amos 9:7 בְּנֵי מִצְרַיִם Ezek 16:26 בְּנֵי אַשּׁוּר Ezek 16:28; Ezek 23:7; Ezek 23:9; Ezek 23:12; Ezek 23:23 אֶדֶץ הַבְּרִית ׳ב Ezek 30:5 (Co strike out ארץ); בָּבֶל ׳ב Ezek 23:15. Ezek 23:17; Ezek 23:28 יְרוּשָׁלַם ׳ב Joel 4:6 צִיּוֺן ׳ב Joel 2:23; Lam 4:2; Ps 149:2 (compare Zech 9:13). See further (ι) בְּנֵי עַמֶּ֑ךָ Lev 19:18 compare Lev 20:17; Num 22:5; Judg 14:16; Judg 14:17; Ezek 3:11; Ezek 33:2; Ezek 33:12; Ezek 33:17; Ezek 33:30; Ezek 37:18; Dan 12:1 בְּנֵי פָּרִיצֵי עַמְּךָ Dan 11:14 (κ) קֶבֶר בְּנֵי הָעָם 2Kgs 23:6; 2Chr 35:5; 2Chr 35:7; 2Chr 35:12 קִבְרֵי בְּנֵי הָעָם Jer 26:23 (λ) בְּנֵיקֶֿדֶם Gen 29:1; Judg 7:12; Judg 8:10; 1Kgs 5:10; Job 1:3; Isa 11:14; Jer 49:28; Ezek 25:4; Ezek 25:10 (μ) בְּנֵי הַמְּדִינָה Ezra 2:1 = Neh 7:6 (ν) of bulls, בְּנֵי בָשָׁן Deut 32:14 (song) compare Klo^{SK 1872. 254} Di.

2. children (male and female) Gen 3:16; Gen 21:7; Exod 21:5; Exod 22:23 hence בְּנֵי מְנַשֶּׁה הַזְכָּרִים Josh 17:2 male children, בֵּן זָכָר Jer 20:15.

3. youth, young men (plural) Prov 7:7; Song 2:3.

4. the young of animals Lev 22:28 (שׁוֺר אוֺ שֶׂה) compare Deut 22:6; Deut 22:7; 1Sam 6:7; 1Sam 6:10; Zech 9:9; Job 4:11; Job 28:8; Job 39:4; Job 39:16 — בֶּןבָּֿקָר etc. see below 7 b below

5. of plant-shoots בֵּן פֹּרָת Gen 49:22 (twice in verse); also בֵּן Ps 80:16 ? (|| כַּנָּה; see Che^{transl. & critical note})

6. figurative of lifeless things, בְּנֵי רֶשֶׁף sparks Job 5:7 stars עַיִשׁ עַלבָּֿנֶיהָ Job 38:32 arrows בֶּןקָֿ֑שֶׁת Job 41:2 בְּנֵי אַשְׁפָּתוֺ Lam 3:13 compare בֶּןגָּֿרְנִי i.e. corn of my threshing-floor Isa 21:10.

7. a. member of a guild, order or class, בְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים i.e. those belonging to the prophetic order 1Kgs 20:35; 2Kgs 2:3; 2Kgs 2:5; 2Kgs 2:7; 2Kgs 2:15; 2Kgs 4:1; 2Kgs 4:38 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 5:22; 2Kgs 6:1; 2Kgs 9:1 (Hoffm RS^{Proph, 85, 388, Ki 15 f.}; Zehnpf^{BAS i, 355} compare Assyrian mâr šipri (šiprâtum), son of a messenger = messenger, and explains from the son's succeeding to father's calling) & בֶּןנָֿבִיא Amos 7:14 probably also בְּנֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים 1Chr 9:30; Ezra 2:61; Ezra 10:18 בְּנֵי הַשֹּׁעֲרִים Ezra 2:42 compare בְּנֵי הַגְּדוּד 2Chr 25:13 men of the troop, see Palmyrene בנישירתא men of the caravan Vog^{No, 4} and others; also בְּנֵי הַגּוֺלָה = exiles Ezra 4:1; Ezra 6:19; Ezra 6:20; Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:7; Ezra 10:16 (see גולה below גלה): further, in בֶּןנֵֿכָר = foreigner (only P, poetry, & late) Gen 17:12; Gen 17:27; Exod 12:43; Lev 22:25; Ezek 44:9 (twice in verse); ׳הַֿנּ׳ב Isa 56:3 בְּנֵיִנֵֿכָר 2Sam 22:45; 2Sam 22:46 = Ps 18:45; Ps 18:46; Neh 9:2; Isa 60:10; Isa 61:5; Isa 62:8; Ezek 44:7; Ps 144:7; Ps 144:11, ׳בְּנֵיהַֿנּ Isa 56:6 also בְּנֵי הַתּוֺשָׁבִּים הַגָּרִים עִמָּכֶם Lev 25:4; Lev 25:5.
b. of animals, בֶּןבָּֿקָר son of (the) herd, i.e. young one of the herd, בָּקָר וּבְנֵי בָקָר 1Sam 14:32 compare עֵגֶל בֶּןבָּֿקָר Lev 9:2 (P); then, in general, one of the herd: fit for food Gen 18:7; Gen 18:8 (J), for sacrifice Num 15:8; Num 15:9 (P); ׳בןהַֿב only Lev 12:6 (P); especially פַּר בֶּןבָּֿקָר Exod 29:1; Lev 4:3; Lev 4:14; Lev 16:3; Lev 23:18; Num 7:15 + 16 t. Numbers (all P) + 2Chr 13:9; Ezek 43:19; Ezek 43:23; Ezek 43:25; Ezek 45:18; Ezek 46:6 פָּרִים בְּנֵי בָּקָר Num 28:11; Num 28:19; Num 28:27; Num 29:13; Num 29:17 (P); also בְּנִי אֲתֹנוֺ Gen 49:11 (poem, J; || עִירֹה); בְּנֵיצֹֿאן Ps 114:4; Ps 114:6 בֶּןרְֿאֵמִים Ps 29:6 בְָּנֵי הָרַמָּכִים Esth 8:10 בְּנֵי (הַ)יּוֺנָה Lev 1:14 + 7 t. Lev + Num 6:10 compare בֶּןיֿוֺנָה Lev 12:6 (all P); בְּנֵיֿ נָ֑שֶׁר Prov 30:17 בְּנֵי עֹרֵב Ps 147:9.

8. ׳ב as relative noun followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc. especially (α) בֶּןֿ(בני)חַיִל = mighty man 1Sam 14:52; 1Sam 18:17; 2Sam 2:7; 2Sam 13:28; 2Sam 17:10 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 1:52 + 7 t. Chronicles; ׳אֲנָשִׁים בני ח Judg 18:2; 2Kgs 2:16 אֶלֶף אִישׁ מִבְּנֵי הֶחָ֑יִל Judg 21:10 (β) בְּנֵי עַוְלָה wicked men 2Sam 3:34; 2Sam 7:10; 1Chr 17:9; Hos 10:9 ׳בֶּןעֿ Ps 89:23 (for בני בליעל see בליעל); (γ) בְּנֵי מֶ֑רִי rebels Num 17:25 (compare בַּיִת); (δ) בְּנֵי הַתַּעֲרֻבוֺת sons of pledges = hostages 2Kgs 14:14 = 2Chr 25:24 (ε) בְּנֵי מָוֶת i.e. those deserving of death 1Sam 26:16 so בֶּןמֿות 2Sam 12:5 בְּנֵי תְמוּתָה appointed or exposed to death Ps 79:11; Ps 102:21 compare (ζ) בִּן הַכּוֺת one worthy of smiting Deut 25:2 (η) בְּנֵי עֹ֑נִי Prov 31:5 (θ) בְּנֵי חֲלוֺף Prov 31:8 (ι) בְּנֵי שָׁאוֺן Jer 48:45 = tumultuous ones; so also (= שֵׁאת) בְּנֵי שֵׁת Num 24:17 compare RV Di and others; (κ) כְּנֵי הַיִּצְהָר Zech 4:14 i.e. anointed ones; (λ) בֶּןמֶֿשֶׁק Gen 15:2 son of possession, i.e. heir; (μ) הֵילֵל בֶּןשָֿׁ֑חַר Isa 14:12 son of dawn; (ν) of animals בְּנֵיִ שָׁ֑הַץ i.e. proud beasts Job 28:8; Job 41:26 (ξ) of Jonah's gourd בִּןלַֿיְלָה Jonah 4:10 (twice in verse); (ο) of a fertile hill קֶרֶן בֶּןשֶֿׁמֶן Isa 5:1.

9. noun relative of age:
a. of men, וַיְהִי נֹחַ בֶּןהֲֿמֵשׁ מֵאוֺת שָׁנָה Gen 5:32 compare Gen 7:6 + 71 t. P; Gen 50:26; Josh 14:7. Josh 14:10; Josh 24:29 (all E); Num 32:11 (J), Deut 31:2 also Judg 2:8; 1Sam 4:15; 2Sam 4:4; 2Sam 19:33; 2Sam 19:36; 1Chr 2:21; 1Chr 23:3; 1Chr 23:24; 1Chr 23:27; 1Chr 27:3; 2Chr 24:15; 2Chr 25:5; 2Chr 31:16; 2Chr 31:17; Ezra 3:8; Isa 65:20 (twice in verse); Jer 52:1 + 41 t. Samuel Kings Chronicles, of kings of accession; note especially (included in above) the phrase מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָ֑עְלָה Exod 30:14; Exod 38:26; Num 1:3 + 21 t. Numbers 1-3 + Num 26:2; Num 26:4; Num 32:11; 1Chr 23:24; 1Chr 23:27; 2Chr 25:5; Ezra 3:8 compare Lev 27:7; Num 8:24; Num 26:62; 1Chr 23:3 & without מעלה Num 8:25; Num 18:16 also מִבֶּן עשׂרים שׁנה וְעַד בֶּןשִֿׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה Lev 27:3 compare vLev 27:5 vLev 27:6 מִבֶּן שׁלשׁים שׁנה ומעלה ועד בןחֿמשׁים שׁנה Num 4:3 (twice in verse) + 12 t. Num 4 מבּן שׁלושׁ שׁנים וּלְמַ֫עְלָה 2Chr 31:16 compare v2Chr 31:17 & לְמִבֶּן עשׂרים שׁנה וּלְמָ֑טָּה 1Chr 27:23.
b. of animals, (Hexateuch all P, including H) בֶּןשָֿׁנָה Exod 12:5; Exod 29:38; Lev 9:3; Lev 23:18; Lev 23:19; Num 7:17 + 28 t. Num 7, 28, 29; also Mic 6:6 בֶּןשְֿׁנָתוֺ Lev 12:6; Lev 23:12; Num 6:12; Num 6:14 + 12 t. Num 7 also Ezek 46:13.Note. — בן appears perhaps abbreviated as בּ in a few compound proper names; see בִּדְקַר (= בֶּןדֿקר?), בִּלְשָׁן, בִּמְהָל, בַּעֲלִיס, בַּעֲנָה, בִּרְשַׁע, בִּשְׁלָם (so MV after Schol. Hamâsa^{3 ed. Freytag}; Rö^{de libr, hist, interpr, Arab, 20, 21}; but this is very uncertain, compare Ol^{§ 227 b, p. 613}). — On Lag's explanation of אבי in some proper names as for אבן = בן compare Lag^{BN 75} & see אבינר p. 4, etc., but this is dubious

BDB1169 H1121

בְּנוֺ 1Chr 24:26; 1Chr 24:27 as proper name, masculine in AV RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, compare VB & Be Öttli.

BDB9386 H1247 H1121 H1248 H1123

I. בַּר noun masculine son (ᵑ7 id.; Syriac , Mandean ברא Nö^{M § 148}, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene בר (and בן) Lzb^{242 f.}; Sabean בר according to Mordtm^{VOJ x. 154 f.}; = בֵּן, = becoming ר, Philippi^{ZMG xxxii (1878), 36 ff.} Brock^{Syr. Gr. § 76} and others; √ different from בן according to JHMich Thes K^{§ 63} and others; Biblical Hebrew בַּר Aramaism for בֵּן); — construct ׳ב Dan 3:25 +; suffix בְּרֵהּ Dan 5:22 plural construct בְּנֵי Ezra 6:9 +; suffix בְּנ֫וֺהִי Ezra 6:10; Ezra 7:23, בְּנֵיהוֺן Dan 6:25 —

1. son(s) Ezra 5:1; Ezra 5:2 (twice in verse); Ezra 6:14; Dan 5:22; Dan 6:25; Ezra 6:10; Ezra 7:23 בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezra 6:16 = Israelites, בְּנֵי גָלוּתָא = captives vEzra 6:16; Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 6:14 בַּראֱֿנָשׁ Dan 7:13 i.e. one of human kind, בְּנֵי אֲנָשָׁא men Dan 2:38; Dan 5:21 בַּראֱֿלָהִין Dan 3:25 a divine (or angelic) being (see Dr, and compare Biblical Hebrew Gen 6:2; Job 1:6); ׳בַּר שְׁנִין וגו Job 6:1 a son of 62 years = 62 years old (Biblical Hebrew בֵּן 9).

2. of bullocks, בְּנֵי תוֺרִין Ezra 6:9.

II. בַּר see ברר.

son, children, sons, old, first, …

bēn

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

son, grandson, child, member of a group

son, male child

וְ אֵ֨ת

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אֵ֨ת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

In the KJV here: and

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

כָּל

Root word all, every, any, whole, one, …

Dictionary form: כֹּל · kole

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: all

all ×1727 and all ×796 of all ×249 every ×158 in all ×133 according to all ×89 with all ×73 and every ×69

More options

all — Most versatile; fits nearly every syntactic context.

every — Prefer when distributing over individual items.

whole — Emphasizes totality or completeness of a single entity.

any — Best in negative, conditional, or open-ended clauses.

each — Highlights individuality within a set; more precise than 'every'.

entirely — Adverbial use; stresses completeness of an action.

BDB4037 H3605

כֹּל once כּוֺל (Jer 33:8 Kt.), noun masculine the whole, all (Moabite, Phoenician, id.; Aramaic כּוֺל, ; Arabic ; Sabean כל, compare DHM^{Epigr. Denk. 36-38}; Ethiopic Assyrian kullatu) — absolute כֹּל, construct כֹּל Gen 2:5; Gen 2:16; Gen 2:20 + often, once כֹּלֿ Ps 138:2 (see Ba), but more usually כָּלֿ (with makk.: without it, Ps 35:10; Prov 19:7 Kö^{i. 84, 95}); suffix 2 masculine singular in p. כֻּלָּךְ Mic 2:12 2 feminine singular כֻּלֵּךְ Isa 14:29; Isa 14:31, כֻּלָּךְ Isa 22:1; Song 4:7 (perhaps for assonance with accompanying לָךְ, בָּךְ); 3 masculine singular כֻּלֹּה 2Sam 2:9 (see Dr) + 17 t. (never in Pentateuch), כֻּלּוֺ Gen 25:25 + 16 t.; 3 feminine singular כֻּלָּהּ Gen 13:10 + 15 t., כֻּלָּא Ezek 36:5 כֻּלָּנּו (16 t.); כֻּלְּכֶם (18 t.); כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּם Jer 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַם 2Sam 23:6 (and probably Jer 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 feminine plural כֻּלָּ֫נָה Gen 42:36; Prov 31:29 כֻּלָּֽהְנָה׃ 1Kgs 7:37: — the whole,

1. with following genitive (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, all or every:
a. Gen 2:2 כָּלצְֿבָאָם the whole of their host, vGen 2:13 כָּלאֶֿרֶץ כּוּשׁ the whole of the land of Kush; כָּלהַֿלַּיְלָה the whole of the night; כָּליִֿשְׂרָאֵל the whole of Israel = all Israel; Deut 4:29 בְּכָללְֿבָֽבְךָ with the whole of thy heart = with all thy heart; + very often With a plural noun, usually determined by the article or a genitive: Gen 5:5 כליֿמי אדם the whole of (= all) the days of Adam, Gen 37:35 כלבֿניו the whole of (= all) his sons, Isa 2:2 כלהֿגוים all the nations; Gen 43:9 + often כל הימים = continually. In poetry, however, the noun may remain undetermined, כָּליָֿדַיִם the whole of hands = every hand, Isa 13:7; Jer 48:37; Ezek 21:12 כלפֿנים i.e. every face Isa 25:8; Joel 2:6 כל שׁלחנות Isa 28:8 כל חוצות Isa 51:20; Lam 2:19 and elsewhere Before an infinitive Gen 30:41; Deut 4:7; 1Kgs 8:52; 1Chr 23:31. frequently with suffixes, as (כֻּלֹּה) כֻּלּוֺ the whole of him Gen 25:25; Job 21:23; Song 5:16, the whole of it Lev 13:13; Jer 2:21; Nah 2:1; Prov 24:31 כֻּלָּהּ the whole of it Gen 13:10; Exod 19:18; Exod 25:36; Amos 8:8 כֻּלָּךְ all of thee Song 4:7 + (see at the beginning); כֻּלָּנוּ the whole of us Gen 42:11; Deut 5:3; Isa 53:6 (twice in verse); כֻּלְּכֶם Deut 1:22; Deut 4:4; 1Sam 22:7 (twice in verse); כֻּלָּם Gen 11:6; Gen 43:34; Josh 8:24 ויפלו כֻּלָּם, Judg 11:6 בְּיַד כֻּלָּם, Isa 7:19; Isa 31:3 + often — Twice, strangely, with hyperb. intensive force, Ps 39:6 כָּלהֶֿבֶל the whole of vanity are all men (? omit כל, as vPs 39:12), Ps 45:14 כָּלכְּֿבוּדָּה the whole of gloriousness is the king's daughter.
b. followed often by a singular, to be understood collectively, whether with or without the article: Gen 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה the whole of living souls = every living soul, Gen 2:9 כל עץ נחמד למראה the whole of trees (every kind of tree) pleasant to view, Gen 6:12 + כָּלבָּֿשָׂר, Gen 7:14 כל צפור כל כנף all birds of every kind of wing (so Ezek 17:23), vEzek 17:21 כל האדם the whole of mankind (so Num 12:3; Num 16:29; Judg 16:17 and elsewhere); in poetry כלאֿדם Ps 39:6; Ps 64:10 +; 1Sam 14:52 כל אישׁ גבור וכלבֿןחֿיל, 1Sam 17:19; 1Sam 17:24 כל אישׁ ישׂראל, 1Sam 22:2; Isa 9:16 כל פה the whole of mouths = every mouth, Isa 15:2; Isa 24:10 כָּלבַּֿיִת + often (in Isa 2:12-16 the singular and plural interchange); Ps 7:12 + בכליֿום, Ps 10:5 + בכלעֿת = at all seasons. So כלהֿעץ Gen 1:29, כלהֿבן Exod 1:22 = all the sons, כלהֿמקום Exod 20:24; Deut 11:24 = all the places, כלהֿמרכב Lev 15:9, vLev 15:26; Deut 4:3 כלהֿאישׁ אשׁר = all the men who. . ., Deut 15:19 כלהֿבכור, Jer 4:29 כלהֿעיר עזובה all the cities (notice the following בָּהֶן); כלהֿיום = all the days (see יוֺם 7 f), etc. In late Hebrew extended to such phrases as בְּכָלדּֿוֺר וָדוֺר Ps 45:18; Ps 145:13; Esth 9:28 בכלעֿיר ועיר 2Chr 11:12; 2Chr 28:25; 2Chr 31:19; Esth 8:11; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:28; 2Chr 32:28; Esth 2:11; Esth 3:14; Esth 4:3; Esth 8:13; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27; Esth 9:28 (3 t. in verse) (compare וְ 1 i b).
c. the genitive after כל is often a relative sentence, introduced by אשׁר: Gen 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה the whole of what he had made, Gen 7:22; Gen 13:1 + very often Sts., with a preposition, כל אשׁר has the force of wheresover, whithersoever, as Josh 1:7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ wheresoever thou goest, vJosh 1:16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר whithersoever (see אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ). Very rarely in such cases is there ellipse of the rel., as Gen 39:4 וְכָליֶֿשׁלֿוֺ נָתַן בְּיָדִי (contrast vGen 39:5 vGen 39:8), Exod 9:4 מכללֿבני ישׂראל, Isa 38:16 וּלְכָּלבָּֿהֶן חַיֵּי רוּחִי, Ps 71:18 לְכָליָֿבוֺא (Ps 74:3, see 2 a), 2Chr 32:31 peculiarly also in Chronicles (Dr^{Intr 505}), 1Chr 29:3 מִכָּלהֲֿכִינוֺתִי, 2Chr 30:18f.; Ezra 1:6 compare with כֹּל (2 a) 1Chr 29:11 a 2Chr 30:17; Ezra 1:5.
d. with a suffix two idiomatic uses of כל have to be noticed:
(a) כל is often made more independent and emphatic by being placed with a suffix after the word which it qualifies, to which it then stands in apposition (compare in Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic), as 2Sam 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלּהֹ, Jer 13:19; Jer 48:31; Isa 9:8; Isa 14:29; Isa 14:31 פלשׁת כלך Philistia, all of thee ! Mic 2:12; Hab 2:6; Job 34:13; Ps 67:4; Ps 67:6 especially in Ezekiel, as Ezek 14:5; Ezek 29:2 מצרים כֻּלָּהּ Ezek 32:12; Ezek 32:30 with change of person (compare the idiom in Isa 22:16; Isa 48:1; Isa 54:1 etc.), 1Kgs 22:28 = Mic 1:2 שׁמעו עמים כלם Hear, nations, all of them ! Mal 3:9 הַגּוֺי כֻּלּוֺ. So even with כל preceding: Num 16:3 כָּלהָֿעֵדָה כֻּלָּם, Isa 14:18; Jer 30:16; Ezek 11:15 כל בית ישׂראל כֻּלֹּה the whole of the house of Israel, the whole of it (so Ezek 20:40; Ezek 36:10), Ezek 35:15; Ezek 36:5; Ps 8:8 (compare Sabean DHM^l.c.);
(b) with the suffix of 3 masculine singular, understood as referring to the mass of things or persons meant, כֻּלֹּה or כֻּלּוֺ, literally the whole of it, is equivalent to all of them, every one, Exod 14:7 and captains עַלכֻּֿלּוֺ upon the whole of it (the רֶכֶב collectively) = all of them, Isa 1:23 the whole of it (the people) loveth bribes, Isa 9:16; Isa 15:3; Jer 6:13 (twice in verse); Jer 8:6; Jer 8:10 (twice in verse); Jer 20:7; Hab 1:9; Hab 1:15; Ps 29:9 and in his temple כֻּלּוֺ אֹמֵר כָּבוֺד the whole of it (= every one there) says, Glory ! Ps 53:4 (|| Ps 14:3 הַכֹּל); perhaps Isa 16:7; Jer 48:38 + Prov 19:6 Ew Hi (וְכֻלּהֹ רֵעַ): Jer 15:10 read כֻּלְּהֶם קִלֲלוּנִי.
e. Hebrew idiom in certain cases affirms, or denies, of an entire class, where English idiom affirms, or denies, of an individual of the class; thus in a comparative or hypothetical sentence כל is = any, and with a negative = none:
(a) Gen 3:1 the serpent was more subtil מכל חית השׂדה than all beasts of the field (in our idiom: than any beast of the field), Deut 7:7; 1Sam 9:2
(b) Lev 4:2 a soul when it sins through ignorance מכל מצות יי֞ in all the commandments of Jehovah (= in any of the commandments, etc.), Lev 19:23 when ye . . . plant כלעֿץ מאכל = any tree for food, Num 35:22 or if he have cast upon him כָּלכְּֿלִי = any weapon, 1Kgs 8:37 b; joined with a participle in a hypothetical sense (Dr^{§ 121 n.} Ges^{«GKC:116»§ 116}. 5 R. 5), Gen 4:14 כל מצאי all my finders (= if any one find me), he will slay me, vGen 4:15 a Num 21:8 כָּלהַֿנָּשׁוּךְ = whosoever (= if any one) is bitten, 1Sam 2:13
(c) with a negative, Gen 2:5 all plants of the field טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה were not as yet = no plant of the field as yet was, Gen 4:15 b לבלתי הכותאֿתו כלמֿצאו for the not-smiting him of all finding him = that none finding him should smite him, Exod 10:15 ולאנֿותר כל ירק = and no green things were left, Exod 12:16 כלמֿלאכה לא יעשׂה all work shall not be done = no work shall be done, Deut 28:14; Judg 13:4 אַלתּֿאֹכְלִי כָּלטָֿמֵא eat not of all that is unclean, Judg 19:19 אֵין מַחְסוֺר כָּלדָּֿבָר there is no lack of all things i.e. of any thing, Ps 143:2 כי לאיֿצדק לפניך כלחֿי, + very often (so οὐ πᾶς, as a Hebraism, in the N.T., e.g. Mark 13:20 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, Luke 1:37 οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει . . . πᾶν ρἧμα, as Jer 32:17 לֹאיִֿפָּלֵא מִמְּךָ כָּלדָּֿבָר, Gal 2:16 οὐ δικαιωθήσεται . . . πᾶσα σάρξ, etc.) Usually, in such cases, כל (or its genitive) is without the article, being left purposely indefinite: in Ps 49:18 (2 b a) הַכֹּל is emphatic (in Num 23:13 וְכֻלּוֺ לֹא תִרְאֶה the context shews that כֹּל is opposed to a part). feminine very anomalously, severed from its genitive, 2Sam 1:9 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נַפְשִׁי בִי, Job 27:3 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נִשְׁמָתִי בִי, Hos 14:3 (si vera lectio) כָּלתִּֿשָּׂא עָוֺן. On Eccl 5:15 ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּתשֶֿׂ see עֻמָּה.

Note. — When the genitive after כל is a noun feminine or plural, the predicate usually agrees with this (as being the really important idea), e.g. Gen 5:5 ויהיו כל ימי אדם, Num 14:1 וַתִּשָּׂא כָלהָֿעֵדָה, Nah 3:1; Ps 150:6 כָֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל exceptions being very rare, Isa 64:10b Prov 16:2 (Ges^{«GKC:141»§ 141}. 1 R. 2).

2. Absolutely:
a. without the article, all things, all (mostly neuter, but sometimes masculine), the sense in which 'all' is to be taken being gathered from the context, Gen 9:3 נתתי לכם את כֹּל, Gen 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֺ, Gen 20:16 ואת כֹּל ונוכחת, Gen 33:11 וכי ישׁ לי כֹל, Num 8:16 בכור כֹּל מבני ישׂראל, Num 11:6 אֵין כֹּל nought of all things ! = there is nothing (so 2Sam 12:3; Prov 13:7, compare 2Kgs 4:2), 2Kgs 13:2 כֹּ֖ל נשׂיא בהם (compare 2Sam 23:28; 1Chr 3:9: usually so הַכֹּל), Deut 28:47 מֵרֹב כֹּל, vDeut 28:48 vDeut 28:37 בְּחֹסֶר כֹּל (compare Jer 44:18), Isa 30:5 כֹּל הֹבִאישׁ all exhibit shame, Isa 44:24 עשֶֹׁהכֹּֿל ׳י, Jer 44:12 וְתַמּוּ כֹל (unusual), Zeph 1:2; Ps 8:7; Ps 74:3 (read כֹּל הֵרַע), Ps 145:15 עיני כֹל, Prov 16:4; Prov 26:10; Prov 28:5; Job 13:1 הן כֹּל ראתה עיני, Job 42:2; 1Chr 29:11b 2Chr 32:22 (masculine), Dan 11:37 (see also 1 c end); מִכֹּל Gen 6:19; Gen 6:20b שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל, Gen 14:20; Gen 27:33; Jer 17:9 עקוב הלב מִכֹּל, Dan 11:2 (masculine) After a negative = anything, Deut 4:25 תְּמוּנַת כֹּל the likeness of anything, Deut 8:9; Deut 28:55; Prov 30:30. In the genitive also, very rarely, to express the idea of all as comprehensively as possible: Ezek 44:30 כָּלבִּֿכּוּרֵי כֹל וְכָלתְּֿרוּמַת כֹּל; Ps 119:128 (si vera lectio) כָּלפִּֿקּוּדֵי כֹל all the statutes about everthing.
b. with art. הַכֹּל:
(a) where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned, Exod 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל ביד אהרן, Lev 1:9 והקטיר הכהן את הַכֹּל, vLev 1:13; Lev 8:27; Deut 2:36 לפנינו ׳את הַכֹּל נתן י, Josh 11:19 (compare 2Sam 19:31; 1Kgs 14:26 = 2Chr 12:9), 2Chr 21:43 הַכֹּל בָּא (compare 2Chr 23:14), 1Sam 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד, 2Sam 17:3 (corrupt: see ᵐ5 Dr), 2Sam 24:23 (1Chr 21:23), 1Kgs 6:18 הַכֹּל ארז (compare 1Kgs 7:33; 2Kgs 25:17 = Jer 52:22), 2Kgs 24:16 הַכֹּל גבורים, Isa 65:8 לבלתי השׁחית הַכֹּל, Ps 14:3 or implied, Gen 16:12 יָדוֺ בַכֹּל, Gen 24:1 ברך את אברהם בַּכֹּל 2Sam 23:5 (poetry) עֲרֻכָה בַכֹּל, Isa 29:11 (peculiarly) חָזוּת הַכֹּל the vision of the whole, Jer 13:7; Jer 13:10 לא יצלח לַכֹּל, Ezek 7:14 וְהָכִין הַכֹּל (but Co וְהָכִינוּ הָכֵן), Ps 49:18 לא במותו יקח הַכֹּל: more frequently later, namely 1Chr 7:5 (as regards all), 1Chr 28:19; 1Chr 29:19; 2Chr 28:6; 2Chr 29:28; 2Chr 31:5; 2Chr 35:7; 2Chr 36:17; 2Chr 36:18; Ezra 1:11; Ezra 2:42; Ezra 8:34; Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:17 (וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל: see BeRy), Eccl 5:8 (בַּכֹּל, apparently = in all respects), Eccl 10:19; Eccl 12:13.
(b) in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe (τὸ πᾶν), or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late), Jer 10:16 = Jer 51:19 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא, Ps 103:19 (compare 1Chr 29:12), 1Chr 119:21 הַכֹּל עֲבָדֶיךָ, 1Chr 145:9 לַכֹּל ׳טוֺב י, 1Chr 29:12; 1Chr 29:14; 1Chr 29:16; Dan 11:2, and especially in Ecclesiastes, as Eccl 1:2; Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 3:19; Eccl 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל, Eccl 2:16 הכל נשׁכח, Eccl 3:1 לַכֹּל זְמָן, vEccl 3:11 vEccl 3:19 vEccl 3:20; Eccl 6:6; Eccl 7:15; Eccl 9:1; Eccl 9:2 (twice in verse); Eccl 9:3; Eccl 10:3; Eccl 10:19; Eccl 11:5. כַּכֹּל, Job 24:24 (si vera lectio) כַּכֹּל יִקָָּֽפְצוּן like all men (i.e. like men in general).

BDB9612 H3605 H3606 H6903

כֹּל, כָּלֿ: noun masculine the whole, all (Biblical Hebrew כֹּל); — emphatic כֹּלָּא Dan 2:40 +, construct כֹּל Dan 2:12; Dan 3:2 +, כָּלֿ Dan 2:8 +, suffix 3 masculine plural כָּלְּהוֺן (so Palmyrene Lzb²⁹⁶ Cooke^{No. 117}, Tariff ii.c.19 ii b. 18) Dan 2:38; Dan 7:19 (Qr feminine כָּכְּהֵּן); —

1. כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶכ the whole of ( = all) the wise men of B. Dan 3:2; Dan 3:3; Dan 3:5, etc.; Dan 6:2 כלמֿלכותא the whole ofthe kingdom, v.Dan 6:4 with suffix the whole of them, Dan 2:38; Dan 7:19.

2. with a singular noun, understood collectively, every, any, or with a negative none (Biblical Hebrew 1 b):Dan 3:29 דִּי כָלעַֿם אֻמָּה וְלִשָּׁן that every people, nation, and language, etc., Dan 6:8 מִןכָּֿלאֱֿלָה of any god, Ezra 6:12 כָּלמֶֿלֶח וְעַם; כל אנשׁ די every man who = whoever, Dan 3:10; Dan 5:7; Dan 6:13; Ezra 6:11; Dan 2:10 שׁאל כל מלך ֗֗֗ לא no king hath asked . . ., vDan 2:35; Dan 4:6; Dan 6:5; Dan 6:24 so כָּלדִּֿי (= Hebrew כָּלאְִֿשֶׁר) whoever Dan 6:8; Ezra 7:26, whatever vEzra 7:23, בְּכָלדִּֿי wherever Dan 2:38(compare אְִשֶׁר 4 b γ).

3. emphatic כֹּלָּא, used absolutely, as Hebrew הַכֹּל (Biblical Hebrew 2 b): Dan 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא crushing all things, Dan 4:9; Dan 4:18 וּמָזוֺן לְכֹלָּאבֵֿהּ and food for all was in it, v.Dan 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא all came upon N. (compare חַכֹּל בָּא Josh 21:43), Ezra 5:7 שְׁלָמָא כֹלָּא all peace (K^{§ 83 d};) compare in Hebrew כֻּלּוּ etc., after their noun : Biblical Hebrew 1 d a). — For כָּלקְָֿבֵל see קְָבֵל.

all, every, any, whole, one, …

kōl

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

all, the whole

all, the whole of

יְלִידֵ֤י

Root word born, children, sons

Dictionary form: יָלִיד · yaw-LEED

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: that were born in

the children ×3 he that is born ×2 was of the sons ×2 born ×1 of it and he that is born ×1 servants born in ×1 that was of the children ×1 that were born in ×1

More options

native-born — Best for household/community membership contexts; very common.

home-born — Emphasizes birth within a specific household or place.

one born into — Useful when specifying the group or household explicitly.

offspring — Slightly more formal; highlights descent or lineage.

child born of — Natural in narrative; clarifies parentage or origin.

descendant — Use when generational lineage is the focus.

BDB3548 H3211

[יָלִיד] adjective born, only construct וְלִיד Gen 17:12 + 4 t.; plural יְלִידֵי Gen 14:14 + 6 t.; בִּילִדֵי 2Sam 21:18 — born, especially of slave וְלִיד בַּיִת born in (one's) house (opposed to purchased by money) Gen 17:12; Gen 17:13; Gen 17:27; Lev 22:11 (all P), compare Jer 2:14 where denied of Israel; יְלִידֵי בַיִת id. Gen 14:14 plural elsewhere substantive = children, sons הרפה ׳יל 2Sam 21:16; 2Sam 21:18 compare הָרְפָאִים ׳יל 1Chr 20:4 הענק ׳יל Num 13:22; Num 13:28; Josh 15:14 (all J E).

born, children, sons

yālîd

born

born

בֵית וֹ֙

בֵית

Root word house, houses, household, home, within, …

וֹ֙

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: בַּיִת · ba-YIT

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: his house

the house ×301 house ×291 of the house ×281 in the house ×114 his house ×59 into the house ×50 and the house ×41 to the house ×34

More options

house — Most direct equivalent; fits nearly every context.

home — Warm, personal tone; prefer for family/dwelling contexts.

household — Use when referring to all members of a family unit.

palace — Prefer for royal or grand official residences.

temple — Use when בַּיִת refers to a sacred sanctuary or shrine.

family — Best when emphasis is on lineage or ancestral group.

BDB1045 H1004

בַּ֫יִת₂₀₃₄ noun masculine^{Deut 8:12} house (Phoenician בת, MI בת, suffix ביתה, Arabic , Aramaic בַּיְתָא, Assyrian bîtu, COT^Gloss, Sabean בית, בת, fortress DHM^{ZMG 1883, 387}; temple Hal²⁵⁷ DHM^{ZMG 1876, 697}, Ethiopic Palmyrene in בת עלמא, בת מקברתא sepulchre Vog^{32, 64} and others; etymology dubious; Thes √ בות, Aramaic בּוּת, spend the night, Arabic Ethiopic but this perhaps denominative, & בית from √ לר֞ with ת afform. compare Sta^{§187 a}) — absolute בַּיִת Exod 12:30 +; בָּ֑יִת Gen 33:17 +; בַּ֫יְתָה (ָ ה locative) Ps 68:7 +; construct בֵּית Gen 12:15 +; suffix בֵּיתִי Gen 15:2 +; בֵּיתְךָ Gen 7:1 +, etc.; הַבַּ֫יְתָה, בַּיְתָה (in) to the house, homeward, Gen 19:10; Ps 68:7 +; also בֵּ֫יתָה (in)to the house of ...; plural בָּֽתִּים Exod 1:21 + (i.e. bâttîm, see Nö in Mei^{Archaeology i. 456 f.}, compare Ges^{«GKC:96»§ 96}); construct בָּֽתֵּי Exod 8:17 +; suffix בָּתֶּיךָ Exod 10:6 בָּֽתָּיו 1Chr 28:11 בָּֽתֵּינוּ Exod 12:27 +; בָּֽתֵּיכֶם Gen 42:19 בָּתֵּיהֶם Num 16:32 +; (בָּֽתֵּ֫ימוֺ Ps 49:12), etc.; —

1. house,
a. as dwelling habitation Gen 19:2; Gen 19:3; Gen 19:4; Gen 19:11; Gen 27:15; Gen 33:17 (object of בָּנָה) Exod 12:7 + often; מוֺשַׁב ׳בּ Lev 25:29 (compare בַּיִת לְשִׁבְתִּי 2Sam 7:5); בֵּית = in the house of, when modifying word follows, compare Dr^{Sm 29, n. 2} (after stative construct מוֺלֶדֶת בַּיִת אוֺ מוֺלֶדֶת חוּץ Lev 19:9); e.g. אָבִיךָ ׳בּ Gen 24:23 אִישָׁהּ ׳בּ Num 30:11 יהוה ׳בּ 2Kgs 23:24 so in proper name ביתאל Amos 7:13 (ה)בַּ֫יְתָה into the house, home Exod 9:19 (of man & beast) compare, Judg 19:18; 1Sam 6:7 (compare v1Sam 6:10) 1Kgs 13:7; 1Kgs 13:15; Ps 68:7; Isa 14:17 etc.; compare below 7 below; partic (α) in J occasionally of tent Gen 27:15 compare Gen 33:17 (with בנה; here of nomad's hut); usually (β) house of solid materials, with doorposts, etc. Exod 12:7; Deut 6:9; Deut 11:20, walls Lev 14:37; Lev 14:39, of stones, timber & mortar vLev 14:45 (compare vLev 14:40 vLev 14:42 vLev 14:43); so also Josh 2:15 supported by pillars Judg 16:26f.; with roof on which one could walk 2Sam 11:12 etc.; see especially temple and king's house in Jerusalem 1 Ki 5-7 etc.; compare Song 1:7; Jer 22:14 of Ezekiel's temple Ezek 40f.; בָּֽתֵּכֶם סְפוּנִים of luxurious houses Hag 1:4 בנה בָּֽתִּים טֹבִים Deut 8:12 בּנה בַּיִתחָֿדָשׁ Deut 20:5 compare Deut 22:8 also with בנה Deut 28:30 + often; (γ) construct before word of material, אֲרָזִים ׳בּ 2Sam 7:2; 2Sam 7:7 = 1Chr 17:1 (׳הַא ׳בּ) v1Chr 17:6 הַשֵּׁן ׳בּ 1Kgs 22:39 compare Amos 3:15 גָּזִית ׳בּ house of hewn stone Amos 5:11 compare בֵּית יַעַר הַלְּבָנוֺן 1Kgs 7:2; 2Chr 9:20, בֵּית הַיַּעַר Isa 22:8 (δ) also before word of quality or characteristic, בֵּית אֵבֶל Eccl 7:2 || מִשְׁתֶּה ׳בּ vEccl 7:4 || שִׂמְחָה ׳בּ; מַרְזֵחַ ׳בּ Jer 16:5 מִשְׁתֶּה ׳בּ Jer 16:8 בָּֽתֵּי חֶמְדָּתֵךְ Ezek 26:12 בֵּית תַּעֲנֻגֶי֑הָ Mic 2:9 compare מְרִי ׳בּ rebellious house below

5. d below; (ε) in combinations, of structures for various purposes: — (1) בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ = palace 1Kgs 9:1; 1Kgs 9:10; 1Kgs 10:12 +, etc.; בֵּית מַמְלָכָה Amos 7:13 compare below

2. below; הַמַּלְכוּת ׳בּ Esth 5:1 compare Esth 2:16 לְמַלְכוּתוֺ ׳בּ 2Chr 1:18 (2) בֵּית הַסֹּהַר = the prison Gen 39:20 (twice in verse); Gen 39:21; Gen 39:22 (twice in verse); Gen 39:23; Gen 40:3; Gen 40:5 compare מִשְׁמַרְכֶם ׳בּ Gen 42:19 מִשְׁמֶרֶת ׳בּ 2Sam 20:3 ׳בּ הָאָסוּר Jer 37:15 הָאֲסיּרים ׳בּ Judg 16:21; Judg 16:25 הָסֿוּרִים ׳בּ Eccl 4:14 הַכֶּלֶא ׳בּ 1Kgs 22:27; 2Kgs 17:4; 2Chr 18:26; Jer 37:15; Jer 37:18 compare Isa 42:7 כֶּלֶא ׳בּ 2Kgs 25:27 הַמַּהְפֶּכֶת ׳בּ 2Chr 16:10 הַכְּליּ֯א ׳בּ Jer 37:4; Jer 52:31 בָּֽתֵּי כְלָאִים Isa 42:22 בֵּיתהַֿבּוֺר Jer 37:16 הַפְּקֻדּוֺת ׳בּ Jer 52:31 (3) בֵּית הַנָּשִׁים house of the women, harem Esth 2:9; Esth 2:11; Esth 2:13; Esth 2:14 (4) מִשְׁתֵּה הַיַּיִן ׳בּ Esth 7:8 הַיָּ֑יִן ׳בּ Song 2:4 compare בָּֽתֵּי מָשׂוֺשׂ Isa 32:13 (5) בֵּית הַחֹרֶף Amos 3:15; Jer 36:22 ׳הַקָּ֑יִץ בּ Amos 3:15 (6) בֵּית נְכֹתֹה & בֵּית כֵּלָיו 2Kgs 20:13 = Isa 39:2 (7) בֵּית הַגָּן garden-h. (or proper name? compare p. III) 2Kgs 9:27 (8) בֵּיתעֵֿקֶד binding-h. (or proper name?) 2Kgs 10:12; 2Kgs 10:14 (9) בֵּיתעֲבָדִים h. of slaves (where slaves live), only figurative of Egypt Exod 13:3; Exod 13:14; Exod 20:2; Deut 5:6; Deut 6:12; Deut 7:8; Deut 8:14; Deut 13:6; Deut 13:11; Josh 24:17; Judg 6:8; Mic 6:4; Jer 34:13 — on הַחָפְשִׁית ׳בּ 2Kgs 15:5 = 2Chr 26:21 compare חפשׁית; especially (10) ׳בֵּית י = temple 1Kgs 7:12; 1Kgs 7:40; 1Kgs 7:45; 1Kgs 7:51 & very often; also (mostly late) בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים 1Chr 9:11; 1Chr 9:13; 1Chr 9:26 + often; but also of earlier tent of worship Judg 18:31 see also הָאֹהֶל ׳בּ 1Chr 9:23, compare אֱלֹהִים ׳בּ of local shrine 1Chr 17:5 & also in mouth of Jacob, as explanation of name of Bethel Gen 28:17 (compare vGen 28:19), & as name of stone, or MaÁÁeba vGen 28:22 = (all E); also ׳י ׳ב of earlier tent of worship Judg 19:18; 1Sam 1:7; 1Sam 1:24; 2Sam 12:20 (compare further אֱלֹהִים, יהוה); הָאוֺצָר ׳בּ Mal 3:10 compare הֵיכַל הַבַּיִת 1Kgs 6:3, & ׳בּ alone in same sense, especially 1Kgs 6 compare 2Chr 1:18; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 2:11 +; see 1Chr 28:2 ׳מְנוּחָה לַאֲרוֺן בְּרִיתיֿ ׳בּ וְלַהֲדֹם רַגְלֵי אֱלֹהֵינוּ; also בֵּית הַקֹּדֶשׁ 1Chr 29:3 קֹדֶשׁ ׳בּ הַקֳּדָשִׁים 2Chr 3:8; 2Chr 3:10 קָדְשֵׁנוּ וְתִפְאַרְתֵּנוּ ׳בּ Isa 64:10 בֵּיתזְֿבֻל 2Chr 6:2 בֵּית זָ֑בַח 2Chr 7:12 בֵּית מִקְדָּשָׁם 2Chr 36:17 תְּפִלָּה ׳בּ Isa 56:7 (twice in verse); תִּפְאַרְתִּי ׳בּ Isa 60:7 also of heathen temples בַּעַלבְּֿרִית ׳ב Judg 9:4 דָּֿגוֺן׳ב 1Sam 5:5 עַשְׁתָּרוֺת ׳ב 1Sam 31:10 רִמּוֺן ׳ב 2Kgs 5:18 (3 t. in verse); הַבַּעַל ׳ב 2Kgs 10:21 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 10:23; 2Kgs 10:25; 2Kgs 10:26; 2Kgs 10:27; 2Kgs 11:18 עֲצַבֵּיהֶם ׳בּ 1Sam 31:9 (but read rather אתעֿצביהם as in || 1Chr 10:9 so ᵐ5 We Dr); בֵּית בָּמוֺת 1Kgs 12:31 (compare MI בת במת) see also 1Kgs 13:32; 2Kgs 17:29; 2Kgs 17:32 בֵּית אוֺצַר אֱלֹהָיו Dan 1:2 etc.; made of woven material 2Kgs 23:7 אֲשֶׁר הַנָּשִׁים אֹרְגוֺת שָׁם בָּֽתִּים לָאֲשֵׁרָה perhaps = tent-shrines but text dubious ᵐ5 χεττιεῖν (כתנות ?); ᵐ5^L στολάς; compare Ew^{H iii.718} & Klo; (ζ) of portion of larger building (late), so plural בָּֽתָּיו 1Chr 28:11 i.e. of the temple (|| גַּנְזַכָּיו, עֲלִיֹּתָיו, חֲדָרָיו); compare הַכַּפֹּרֶת ׳בּ ib.; הַמְֿבַשְּׁלִים ׳בּ Ezek 46:24.
b. as shelter or abode of animals 1Sam 6:7; 1Sam 6:10 compare Exod 9:19 בֵּית עַכָּבִישׁ Job 8:14 spider's web (compare בָּנָה כָעָשׁ בֵּיתוֺ Job 27:18); of wild ass Job 39:6 שַׂמְתִּי עֲרָבָה בֵיתוֺ; צִפּוֺר מָֽצְאָה בַּיִת Ps 84:4 (|| קֵן); חֲסִידָה בְּרוֺשִׁים בֵּיתָהּ Ps 104:17 (compare || & Che); Prov 30:26 (of the שְׁפַנִּים 'conies').
c. figurative of human bodies בָּֽתֵּיחֹֿמֶר Job 4:19 houses of clay, compare in phrase שֹׁמְרֵי הַבַּיִת Eccl 12:3 keepers of the house, i.e. the arms; see further בֵּית מְגוּרָ֑י Ps 119:54.
d. of sh®°ôl, שְׁאוֺל בֵּיתִי Job 17:13, compare בֵּית מוֺעֵד לְכָלחָֿ֑י Job 30:23 (|| מָוֶת); בֵּית עוֺלָמוֺ Eccl 12:5 (perhaps = tomb, see De).
e. of abode of light & darkness Job 38:20. feminine of land of Ephraim as יהוה ׳בּ Hos 8:1; Hos 9:15 (compare ׳אֶרֶץ י Hos 9:3).

2. place, of Jerusalem בֵּית קִבְרוֺת אֲבֹתַי Neh 2:3 (|| עִיר vNeh 2:5), compare also proper name compounded with בֵּית, below, & בֵּית מַמְלָכָה Amos 7:13 (predicate of Bethel); בֵּית נְתִיבוֺת Prov 8:2 i.e. where paths meet RV; אֲבָנִים ׳בּ Job 8:17 on both these see בֵּית below [בַּיִן] בֵּין p. 108.

3. receptacle, תְּעָלָה כְּבֵית סָאתַיִם 1Kgs 18:32 a trench like a receptacle of two seahs; בָּֽתֵּי נֶפֶשׁ Isa 3:20 i.e. vials of perfume; especially בָּֽתִּים לְבַדִּים Exod 25:27 holders for the staves, i.e. rings, טַבָּעֹת ib.; so Exod 37:14; Exod 37:27; Exod 38:5 compare בָּֽתִּים לַבְּרִיחִם Exod 26:29; Exod 36:34 holders for the bars (all P, & all explained by טבעת); בֵּיתלָֿהּ סָבִיב Ezek 1:27 (si vera lectio) its [construct as Ps 58:5] house (= enclosing cage) was round about (strike out B Hi Co).

4. of house as containing a family, hence in phrase of slaves belonging to household יְלִידֵי בֵיתוֺ Gen 14:14 compare Gen 17:12 (opposed to מִקְנַתכֶּֿסֶף) vGen 17:13 (all || id.) figurative of Israel Jer 2:14 (|| עֶבֶד); compare בֶּןבֵּֿיתִי Gen 15:3 בְּנֵיבַֿיִת הָיָה לִי Eccl 2:7 (as token of wealth & prosperity); also of one's sister מוֺלֶדֶת בַּיִת Lev 18:19 (|| חוּץ ׳מ compare below); אַנְשֵׁי בֵיתוֺ Gen 17:27 ׳נַפְשׁוֺת בּ Gen 36:6 כָּלהַֿנֶּפֶשׁ לְבֵיתיַֿעֲקֹב Gen 46:27. Hence

5. household, family (592 t.)
a. ordinary sense, those belonging to the same household Gen 7:1; Gen 12:1; Gen 12:17 +, Deut 6:22; Deut 11:6 +; Hexateuch mostly J D; E Gen 35:2; Gen 42:33; Gen 50:22 compare Exod 1:21 below; P Gen 36:6; Exod 1:1; Exod 12:4; Lev 16:6; Lev 16:11; Lev 16:17; Num 16:32; Num 18:31; Josh 22:15 even where expressly said to inhabit tents Num 16:32; Deut 11:6 אֶתבָּֽֿתֵּיהֶם וְאֶתאָֿהֳלֵיהֶם; specifically ׳זְקַןבּֿ Gen 24:2 compare Gen 50:7 (of rank & dignity in household); of a family of handicraftsmen מִשְׁפְּחוֺת בֵּיתעֲֿבֹדַת הַבֻּץ 1Chr 4:21 (see בוץ); also, with figurative of house clearly in mind ׳מִשְׁקֹלֶת בּ 2Kgs 21:13 ׳מַפְתֵּחַ בּ Isa 22:22.
b. family of descendants, descendants as organized body Gen 18:19 (J || בָּנִים) +, & so with בָּנָה (q. v.) אחיו ׳יִבְנֶה בּ Deut 25:9 compare Ruth 4:11 &, subject ׳י, לְ ׳בָּנָה בּ 2Sam 7:27 = 1Chr 17:10; 1Chr 17:25 also 1Sam 2:35; 1Kgs 11:38 (both נֶאֱמָן ׳בּ), so לְ ׳עשׂה בּ 2Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 2:24 also plural וַיַּעַשׂ לָהֶם בָּֽתִּים Exod 1:21 נֶאֱמָן לְ ׳עשׂה ב 1Sam 25:28 compare especially with proper name, e.g.
c. בֵּית שָׁאוּל 2Sam 3:1 (twice in verse); 2Sam 3:6 (twice in verse); 2Sam 3:8; 2Sam 3:10; 2Sam 9:1; 2Sam 9:2; 2Sam 9:3; 2Sam 9:9; 2Sam 16:5 (׳שׁ ׳משׁפחת בּ) v2Sam 16:8; 2Sam 19:18 (compare 2Sam 21:1 where read וְאֶלֿ בֵּיתֹה דָמִים so ᵐ5 We Dr) 1Chr 12:29 בֵּית דָּוִד 2Sam 3:1; 2Sam 3:6; 2Sam 7:26 = 1Chr 17:24 (compare context in both), 1Kgs 12:19 = 2Chr 10:19, v2Chr 10:20 v2Chr 10:26; 2Chr 13:2; 2Chr 14:8; 2Kgs 17:21; Isa 7:2; Isa 7:13; Isa 22:22; Jer 21:12; Zech 12:7; Zech 12:8; Zech 12:10; Zech 12:12 (׳דּ ׳משׁפחת בּ) 2Chr 21:7; Ps 122:5 יָרָבְעָם ׳בּ 1Kgs 13:34; 1Kgs 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 14:13; 1Kgs 14:14; 1Kgs 15:29; 1Kgs 16:3; 1Kgs 21:22; 2Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 13:6 אַחְאָב ׳בּ 2Kgs 8:18; 2Kgs 8:27 (3 t. in verse) (of Ahaziah ׳א ׳חֲתַן בּ), 2Kgs 9:7; 2Kgs 9:8; 2Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 10:10; 2Kgs 10:11; 2Kgs 21:13; Mic 6:16; 2Chr 21:6; 2Chr 21:13; 2Chr 22:3; 2Chr 22:4; 2Chr 22:7; 2Chr 22:8 etc.
d. especially of Hebrew people & subdivisions: (α) בֵּית יִשְׂחָ֑ק Amos 7:16 (β) עֵשָׂו ׳בּ Obad 1:18 (twice in verse); (γ) בֵּית יַעֲקֹב Gen 46:27 (P) Exod 19:3 (E) Amos 3:13; Amos 9:8; Mic 2:7; Mic 3:9; Obad 1:17; Obad 1:18; Isa 8:17; Isa 10:20; Isa 14:1; Isa 29:22; Isa 46:3; Isa 48:1; Isa 58:1; Jer 2:4; Jer 5:20; Ps 114:1 also יעקב ׳זֶרַע בּ Ezek 20:5 (strike out Co); most frequently (δ) בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל (Vrss & variant reading sometimes בני see בֵּן) Hexateuch Exod 16:31; Exod 40:38; Lev 10:6; Num 20:29 (all P) Lev 17:3; Lev 17:8; Lev 17:10; Lev 22:18 (H) Josh 21:43 (D) ; 1Sam 7:2 + 8 t. Samuel Kings; Hos 1:4; Hos 1:6; Hos 5:1; Hos 6:10; Hos 12:1; Amos 5:1 + 7 t. Amos; Mic 1:5; Mic 3:1; Mic 3:9; Isa 5:7; Isa 14:2, also Isa 46:3; Isa 63:7; Zech 8:13 ; but especially Jer 2:4; Jer 2:26 + 17 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 3:1; Ezek 3:4; Ezek 3:5; Ezek 3:7 (twice in verse); Ezek 3:17 + 75 t. Ezekiel; also יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳זֶרַע בּ Jer 23:8; Ezek 44:22 (Co strike out ׳בּ); שְׁנֵי בָֽתֵּי יִשְׂרָאֵל Isa 8:14 בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל וִיהוּדָה Ezek 9:9 + Ezek 25:8 Co; futher בֵּית מְרִי rebellious house (of Israel) Ezek 2:5; Ezek 2:6; Ezek 3:9; Ezek 3:26; Ezek 3:27; Ezek 12:2; Ezek 12:3, & הַמֶּ֑רִי ׳בּ Ezek 2:8; Ezek 12:2; Ezek 12:9; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 17:12; Ezek 24:3 [+ Ezek 44:6 Co]; (ε) בֵּית יְהוּדָה 2Sam 2:4; 2Sam 2:7; 2Sam 2:10; 2Sam 2:11; 1Kgs 12:21 = 2Chr 11:1; 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31; Isa 22:21; Hos 1:7; Hos 5:12; Hos 5:14; Zeph 2:7; Zech 8:13; Zech 8:15; Zech 8:19; Zech 10:3; Zech 10:6; Zech 12:4, & especially Jer 3:18 + 9 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 4:6 + 4 t. Ezekiel + Ezek 9:9 above; also יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִן ׳בּ 1Kgs 12:23 מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה ׳בּ Jer 21:11; Jer 22:6 (ζ) יוֺסֵף ׳בּ Gen 50:8; Josh 17:17; Josh 18:5 (all J E) Judg 1:22; Judg 1:23; Judg 1:35; 2Sam 19:21; 1Kgs 11:28; Amos 5:6; Obad 1:18; Zech 10:6 (η) אֶפְרַיִם ׳בּ Judg 10:9 (θ) בִּנְיָמִן ׳בּ 2Sam 3:19 compare 1Kgs 12:23 above; (ι) יִשָּׂשכָר ׳בּ 1Kgs 15:27 (κ) לֵוִי ׳בּ Exod 2:1 (E) Num 17:23 (P) Zech 12:13 (׳ל ׳משׁפחת ב), Ps 135:20 & (λ) אַהֲרֹן ׳בּ Ps 115:10; Ps 115:12; Ps 118:3; Ps 135:19.
e. technically, yet with some looseness of usage, בֵּית אָב father's house, of family or clan, plural בֵּית אָבוֺת father-houses, families (e.g. Num 1:2) (79 t.; only P & Chronicles) Exod 6:14; Exod 12:3; Num 1:2; Num 1:4; Num 1:18 + 41 t. Numbers; Josh 22:14 (twice in verse); 1Chr 4:38; 1Chr 5:13 + 25 t. Chronicles; Ezra 2:59; Ezra 10:16; Neh 7:61; Neh 10:35 = tribe Num 17:17 (twice in verse); Num 17:18; Num 17:21 = main division of tribe Num 3:20; Num 3:24 +, compare Num 34:14 (twice in verse) etc.; futher sub-division Exod 12:3; 1Chr 7:2; 1Chr 7:7 +; compare especially 1Chr 23:11 Jeush and Beriah had not many sons, therefore they became לְבֵית אָב לִפְקֻדָּה אֶחָ֑ת (compare ראשׁי אבות, below אב).

6. house, including household affairs, persons, property, etc. וַיַּפְקִדֵהוּ עַלבֵּֿיתוֺ Gen 39:4 compare בְּבֵיתוֺ vGen 39:5 אֲשֶׁר עַלבֵּֿיתוֺ Gen 44:1; Gen 44:4 hence אשׁר על הבית as title of governor of the palace (Ew^{H iii. 269}) Isa 22:15; Isa 36:3 compare 1Kgs 4:6; 2Kgs 15:5 in Israel 1Kgs 16:9; 1Kgs 18:3; 2Kgs 10:5: further 2Sam 17:23; 2Kgs 20:1 = Isa 38:1 hence of personal property 1Kgs 13:8 אִםתִּֿתֶּןלִֿי אֶתחֲֿצִי בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ; family and property (everything on which one depends) Job 8:15.

7. בַּ֫יְתָה, בָּ֑יְתָה, literally housewards, hence metaphor inwards, Exod 28:26 = Exod 39:19 (that is, of the ephod), 1Kgs 7:25 = 2Chr 4:4 (that is, of the circle of oxen supporting the molten sea); 2Sam 5:9 מִןהַֿמִּלּוֺא וָבָ֑יְתָה from the Millo and inward, Ezek 44:17.

8. מִבַּיִת
a. adverb on the inside (of a building, chest, etc.: opposed to מִחוּץ) Gen 6:14; Exod 25:11 = Exod 37:2; Lev 14:41; 1Kgs 6:15; 1Kgs 6:16; 1Kgs 7:9; 2Kgs 6:30 (of a person's clothes); Ezek 7:15 so with ה locative מִבֲַּ֫יְתָה 1Kgs 6:15
b. מִבֵּית לְ (construct Ges^{«GKC:130»§ 130}, 1 n.) preposition within (opposed to מִחוּץ לְ), מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת within the veil Exod 26:33; Lev 16:2; Lev 16:12; Num 18:7 לְכָלדְּֿבַר הַמִּזִבֵּחַ וּלְמִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת for everything of the altar, and for (that) within the veil; 1Kgs 7:8; 1Kgs 7:31 (read לַכְּתֵפֹת; see VB & Sta^{ZAW 1883, 165}); אֶלמִֿבֵּית לְ (after a verb of motion) in within Lev 16:15; 2Kgs 11:15 = 2Chr 23:14.Note. — בית perhaps occurs abbreviated into בּ in proper name בְּעֶשְׁתְּרָה q. v. so Thes and others; compare also Aramaic בא = בית in like usage Lag^{Armen. Stud. § 339; Se i. 51; GGA 1884, 276}.

**On בְּ as abbreviated בית see Wetzst^{Hauran 110} Kampffmeyer^{ZPV xv (1892). 111}.

BDB1058 H1004 H1588

בֵּית הַגָּן proper name, of a location? ᵐ5 Βαιθαν (Βαιατγαν), ᵐ5^L Βαιθωρων, 2Kgs 9:27 modern Jenîn? see גַּן, below גנן, and עֵין גַּנִּים; compare Sta^{Gesch i. 542}.

BDB4007 H3608 H1004

כֶּ֫לֶא noun [masculine] confinement, restraint, imprisonment; — absolute ׳כ 1Kgs 22:27 + 6 t.; suffix כִּלְאוֺ 2Kgs 25:29; Jer 52:33 plural כְּלָאִים Isa 42:22 — confinement, in combination ׳בֵּית (ה)כ (compare Assyrian bit kili, prison, Dl^{HWB 328}) 1Kgs 22:27 = 2Chr 18:26; 2Kgs 17:4; Jer 37:15; Jer 37:18; Isa 42:7 בָּֽתֵּי כְלָאִים vIsa 42:22 (compare בַּיִת 1 (ε) (2) p. 109 above; see also כלוא below); בִּנְדֵי כִלְאוֺ 2Kgs 25:29 = Jer 52:33 garments of imprisonment = prison-garb.

BDB4008 H1004 H3628

כלוא Kt, כְּלִיא Qr noun [masculine] id.; — ׳בֵּית הַכּ Jer 37:4; Jer 52:31 (see כֶּלֶא above)

BDB9372 H1004 H1005

[בַּ֫יִת]₄₄ noun masculine^{Ezra 6:7} house (Biblical Hebrew בַּ֫יִת); — emphatic בַּיְתָ֫א Ezra 5:3 +, תָ֫ה- Ezra 5:12; Ezra 6:15 construct בֵּית(ֿׅ Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:2 +; suffix בַּיְתִי Dan 4:1 (Baer^n., compare M^{§ 76 c}; van d. H. Gi בֵּיתִי), בַּיְהֵתּ Dan 2:17 +; plural suffix בָּֽתֵּיכוֺן Dan 2:5 —

1. house, of men : Ezra 6:11 (twice in verse); Dan 2:5; Dan 2:17; Dan 3:29; Dan 6:11 of king Ezra 6:4; Dan 4:4, מִשְׁתְּיָא ׳ב Dan 5:10, גִּנְוַיָא דִּי מִלְכָּא ׳ב Ezra 5:17, compare Ezra 7:20 = ׳סִפְרַיָא וגו ׳ב Ezra 6:1 מִלְכוּ ׳ב Ezra 4:30 royal residence (of Babylonian ).

2. house of God, temple at Jerusalem Dan 5:3; Dan 5:23; Ezra 4:24 + 28 t. Ezra.

house, houses, household, home, within, …

bayit

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

house

house, dwelling habitation

those belonging to the same household

וְ אֵת֙

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אֵת֙

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

In the KJV here: and

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

כָּל

Root word all, every, any, whole, one, …

Dictionary form: כֹּל · kole

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: all

all ×1727 and all ×796 of all ×249 every ×158 in all ×133 according to all ×89 with all ×73 and every ×69

More options

all — Most versatile; fits nearly every syntactic context.

every — Prefer when distributing over individual items.

whole — Emphasizes totality or completeness of a single entity.

any — Best in negative, conditional, or open-ended clauses.

each — Highlights individuality within a set; more precise than 'every'.

entirely — Adverbial use; stresses completeness of an action.

BDB4037 H3605

כֹּל once כּוֺל (Jer 33:8 Kt.), noun masculine the whole, all (Moabite, Phoenician, id.; Aramaic כּוֺל, ; Arabic ; Sabean כל, compare DHM^{Epigr. Denk. 36-38}; Ethiopic Assyrian kullatu) — absolute כֹּל, construct כֹּל Gen 2:5; Gen 2:16; Gen 2:20 + often, once כֹּלֿ Ps 138:2 (see Ba), but more usually כָּלֿ (with makk.: without it, Ps 35:10; Prov 19:7 Kö^{i. 84, 95}); suffix 2 masculine singular in p. כֻּלָּךְ Mic 2:12 2 feminine singular כֻּלֵּךְ Isa 14:29; Isa 14:31, כֻּלָּךְ Isa 22:1; Song 4:7 (perhaps for assonance with accompanying לָךְ, בָּךְ); 3 masculine singular כֻּלֹּה 2Sam 2:9 (see Dr) + 17 t. (never in Pentateuch), כֻּלּוֺ Gen 25:25 + 16 t.; 3 feminine singular כֻּלָּהּ Gen 13:10 + 15 t., כֻּלָּא Ezek 36:5 כֻּלָּנּו (16 t.); כֻּלְּכֶם (18 t.); כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּם Jer 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַם 2Sam 23:6 (and probably Jer 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 feminine plural כֻּלָּ֫נָה Gen 42:36; Prov 31:29 כֻּלָּֽהְנָה׃ 1Kgs 7:37: — the whole,

1. with following genitive (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, all or every:
a. Gen 2:2 כָּלצְֿבָאָם the whole of their host, vGen 2:13 כָּלאֶֿרֶץ כּוּשׁ the whole of the land of Kush; כָּלהַֿלַּיְלָה the whole of the night; כָּליִֿשְׂרָאֵל the whole of Israel = all Israel; Deut 4:29 בְּכָללְֿבָֽבְךָ with the whole of thy heart = with all thy heart; + very often With a plural noun, usually determined by the article or a genitive: Gen 5:5 כליֿמי אדם the whole of (= all) the days of Adam, Gen 37:35 כלבֿניו the whole of (= all) his sons, Isa 2:2 כלהֿגוים all the nations; Gen 43:9 + often כל הימים = continually. In poetry, however, the noun may remain undetermined, כָּליָֿדַיִם the whole of hands = every hand, Isa 13:7; Jer 48:37; Ezek 21:12 כלפֿנים i.e. every face Isa 25:8; Joel 2:6 כל שׁלחנות Isa 28:8 כל חוצות Isa 51:20; Lam 2:19 and elsewhere Before an infinitive Gen 30:41; Deut 4:7; 1Kgs 8:52; 1Chr 23:31. frequently with suffixes, as (כֻּלֹּה) כֻּלּוֺ the whole of him Gen 25:25; Job 21:23; Song 5:16, the whole of it Lev 13:13; Jer 2:21; Nah 2:1; Prov 24:31 כֻּלָּהּ the whole of it Gen 13:10; Exod 19:18; Exod 25:36; Amos 8:8 כֻּלָּךְ all of thee Song 4:7 + (see at the beginning); כֻּלָּנוּ the whole of us Gen 42:11; Deut 5:3; Isa 53:6 (twice in verse); כֻּלְּכֶם Deut 1:22; Deut 4:4; 1Sam 22:7 (twice in verse); כֻּלָּם Gen 11:6; Gen 43:34; Josh 8:24 ויפלו כֻּלָּם, Judg 11:6 בְּיַד כֻּלָּם, Isa 7:19; Isa 31:3 + often — Twice, strangely, with hyperb. intensive force, Ps 39:6 כָּלהֶֿבֶל the whole of vanity are all men (? omit כל, as vPs 39:12), Ps 45:14 כָּלכְּֿבוּדָּה the whole of gloriousness is the king's daughter.
b. followed often by a singular, to be understood collectively, whether with or without the article: Gen 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה the whole of living souls = every living soul, Gen 2:9 כל עץ נחמד למראה the whole of trees (every kind of tree) pleasant to view, Gen 6:12 + כָּלבָּֿשָׂר, Gen 7:14 כל צפור כל כנף all birds of every kind of wing (so Ezek 17:23), vEzek 17:21 כל האדם the whole of mankind (so Num 12:3; Num 16:29; Judg 16:17 and elsewhere); in poetry כלאֿדם Ps 39:6; Ps 64:10 +; 1Sam 14:52 כל אישׁ גבור וכלבֿןחֿיל, 1Sam 17:19; 1Sam 17:24 כל אישׁ ישׂראל, 1Sam 22:2; Isa 9:16 כל פה the whole of mouths = every mouth, Isa 15:2; Isa 24:10 כָּלבַּֿיִת + often (in Isa 2:12-16 the singular and plural interchange); Ps 7:12 + בכליֿום, Ps 10:5 + בכלעֿת = at all seasons. So כלהֿעץ Gen 1:29, כלהֿבן Exod 1:22 = all the sons, כלהֿמקום Exod 20:24; Deut 11:24 = all the places, כלהֿמרכב Lev 15:9, vLev 15:26; Deut 4:3 כלהֿאישׁ אשׁר = all the men who. . ., Deut 15:19 כלהֿבכור, Jer 4:29 כלהֿעיר עזובה all the cities (notice the following בָּהֶן); כלהֿיום = all the days (see יוֺם 7 f), etc. In late Hebrew extended to such phrases as בְּכָלדּֿוֺר וָדוֺר Ps 45:18; Ps 145:13; Esth 9:28 בכלעֿיר ועיר 2Chr 11:12; 2Chr 28:25; 2Chr 31:19; Esth 8:11; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:28; 2Chr 32:28; Esth 2:11; Esth 3:14; Esth 4:3; Esth 8:13; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27; Esth 9:28 (3 t. in verse) (compare וְ 1 i b).
c. the genitive after כל is often a relative sentence, introduced by אשׁר: Gen 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה the whole of what he had made, Gen 7:22; Gen 13:1 + very often Sts., with a preposition, כל אשׁר has the force of wheresover, whithersoever, as Josh 1:7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ wheresoever thou goest, vJosh 1:16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר whithersoever (see אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ). Very rarely in such cases is there ellipse of the rel., as Gen 39:4 וְכָליֶֿשׁלֿוֺ נָתַן בְּיָדִי (contrast vGen 39:5 vGen 39:8), Exod 9:4 מכללֿבני ישׂראל, Isa 38:16 וּלְכָּלבָּֿהֶן חַיֵּי רוּחִי, Ps 71:18 לְכָליָֿבוֺא (Ps 74:3, see 2 a), 2Chr 32:31 peculiarly also in Chronicles (Dr^{Intr 505}), 1Chr 29:3 מִכָּלהֲֿכִינוֺתִי, 2Chr 30:18f.; Ezra 1:6 compare with כֹּל (2 a) 1Chr 29:11 a 2Chr 30:17; Ezra 1:5.
d. with a suffix two idiomatic uses of כל have to be noticed:
(a) כל is often made more independent and emphatic by being placed with a suffix after the word which it qualifies, to which it then stands in apposition (compare in Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic), as 2Sam 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלּהֹ, Jer 13:19; Jer 48:31; Isa 9:8; Isa 14:29; Isa 14:31 פלשׁת כלך Philistia, all of thee ! Mic 2:12; Hab 2:6; Job 34:13; Ps 67:4; Ps 67:6 especially in Ezekiel, as Ezek 14:5; Ezek 29:2 מצרים כֻּלָּהּ Ezek 32:12; Ezek 32:30 with change of person (compare the idiom in Isa 22:16; Isa 48:1; Isa 54:1 etc.), 1Kgs 22:28 = Mic 1:2 שׁמעו עמים כלם Hear, nations, all of them ! Mal 3:9 הַגּוֺי כֻּלּוֺ. So even with כל preceding: Num 16:3 כָּלהָֿעֵדָה כֻּלָּם, Isa 14:18; Jer 30:16; Ezek 11:15 כל בית ישׂראל כֻּלֹּה the whole of the house of Israel, the whole of it (so Ezek 20:40; Ezek 36:10), Ezek 35:15; Ezek 36:5; Ps 8:8 (compare Sabean DHM^l.c.);
(b) with the suffix of 3 masculine singular, understood as referring to the mass of things or persons meant, כֻּלֹּה or כֻּלּוֺ, literally the whole of it, is equivalent to all of them, every one, Exod 14:7 and captains עַלכֻּֿלּוֺ upon the whole of it (the רֶכֶב collectively) = all of them, Isa 1:23 the whole of it (the people) loveth bribes, Isa 9:16; Isa 15:3; Jer 6:13 (twice in verse); Jer 8:6; Jer 8:10 (twice in verse); Jer 20:7; Hab 1:9; Hab 1:15; Ps 29:9 and in his temple כֻּלּוֺ אֹמֵר כָּבוֺד the whole of it (= every one there) says, Glory ! Ps 53:4 (|| Ps 14:3 הַכֹּל); perhaps Isa 16:7; Jer 48:38 + Prov 19:6 Ew Hi (וְכֻלּהֹ רֵעַ): Jer 15:10 read כֻּלְּהֶם קִלֲלוּנִי.
e. Hebrew idiom in certain cases affirms, or denies, of an entire class, where English idiom affirms, or denies, of an individual of the class; thus in a comparative or hypothetical sentence כל is = any, and with a negative = none:
(a) Gen 3:1 the serpent was more subtil מכל חית השׂדה than all beasts of the field (in our idiom: than any beast of the field), Deut 7:7; 1Sam 9:2
(b) Lev 4:2 a soul when it sins through ignorance מכל מצות יי֞ in all the commandments of Jehovah (= in any of the commandments, etc.), Lev 19:23 when ye . . . plant כלעֿץ מאכל = any tree for food, Num 35:22 or if he have cast upon him כָּלכְּֿלִי = any weapon, 1Kgs 8:37 b; joined with a participle in a hypothetical sense (Dr^{§ 121 n.} Ges^{«GKC:116»§ 116}. 5 R. 5), Gen 4:14 כל מצאי all my finders (= if any one find me), he will slay me, vGen 4:15 a Num 21:8 כָּלהַֿנָּשׁוּךְ = whosoever (= if any one) is bitten, 1Sam 2:13
(c) with a negative, Gen 2:5 all plants of the field טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה were not as yet = no plant of the field as yet was, Gen 4:15 b לבלתי הכותאֿתו כלמֿצאו for the not-smiting him of all finding him = that none finding him should smite him, Exod 10:15 ולאנֿותר כל ירק = and no green things were left, Exod 12:16 כלמֿלאכה לא יעשׂה all work shall not be done = no work shall be done, Deut 28:14; Judg 13:4 אַלתּֿאֹכְלִי כָּלטָֿמֵא eat not of all that is unclean, Judg 19:19 אֵין מַחְסוֺר כָּלדָּֿבָר there is no lack of all things i.e. of any thing, Ps 143:2 כי לאיֿצדק לפניך כלחֿי, + very often (so οὐ πᾶς, as a Hebraism, in the N.T., e.g. Mark 13:20 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, Luke 1:37 οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει . . . πᾶν ρἧμα, as Jer 32:17 לֹאיִֿפָּלֵא מִמְּךָ כָּלדָּֿבָר, Gal 2:16 οὐ δικαιωθήσεται . . . πᾶσα σάρξ, etc.) Usually, in such cases, כל (or its genitive) is without the article, being left purposely indefinite: in Ps 49:18 (2 b a) הַכֹּל is emphatic (in Num 23:13 וְכֻלּוֺ לֹא תִרְאֶה the context shews that כֹּל is opposed to a part). feminine very anomalously, severed from its genitive, 2Sam 1:9 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נַפְשִׁי בִי, Job 27:3 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נִשְׁמָתִי בִי, Hos 14:3 (si vera lectio) כָּלתִּֿשָּׂא עָוֺן. On Eccl 5:15 ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּתשֶֿׂ see עֻמָּה.

Note. — When the genitive after כל is a noun feminine or plural, the predicate usually agrees with this (as being the really important idea), e.g. Gen 5:5 ויהיו כל ימי אדם, Num 14:1 וַתִּשָּׂא כָלהָֿעֵדָה, Nah 3:1; Ps 150:6 כָֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל exceptions being very rare, Isa 64:10b Prov 16:2 (Ges^{«GKC:141»§ 141}. 1 R. 2).

2. Absolutely:
a. without the article, all things, all (mostly neuter, but sometimes masculine), the sense in which 'all' is to be taken being gathered from the context, Gen 9:3 נתתי לכם את כֹּל, Gen 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֺ, Gen 20:16 ואת כֹּל ונוכחת, Gen 33:11 וכי ישׁ לי כֹל, Num 8:16 בכור כֹּל מבני ישׂראל, Num 11:6 אֵין כֹּל nought of all things ! = there is nothing (so 2Sam 12:3; Prov 13:7, compare 2Kgs 4:2), 2Kgs 13:2 כֹּ֖ל נשׂיא בהם (compare 2Sam 23:28; 1Chr 3:9: usually so הַכֹּל), Deut 28:47 מֵרֹב כֹּל, vDeut 28:48 vDeut 28:37 בְּחֹסֶר כֹּל (compare Jer 44:18), Isa 30:5 כֹּל הֹבִאישׁ all exhibit shame, Isa 44:24 עשֶֹׁהכֹּֿל ׳י, Jer 44:12 וְתַמּוּ כֹל (unusual), Zeph 1:2; Ps 8:7; Ps 74:3 (read כֹּל הֵרַע), Ps 145:15 עיני כֹל, Prov 16:4; Prov 26:10; Prov 28:5; Job 13:1 הן כֹּל ראתה עיני, Job 42:2; 1Chr 29:11b 2Chr 32:22 (masculine), Dan 11:37 (see also 1 c end); מִכֹּל Gen 6:19; Gen 6:20b שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל, Gen 14:20; Gen 27:33; Jer 17:9 עקוב הלב מִכֹּל, Dan 11:2 (masculine) After a negative = anything, Deut 4:25 תְּמוּנַת כֹּל the likeness of anything, Deut 8:9; Deut 28:55; Prov 30:30. In the genitive also, very rarely, to express the idea of all as comprehensively as possible: Ezek 44:30 כָּלבִּֿכּוּרֵי כֹל וְכָלתְּֿרוּמַת כֹּל; Ps 119:128 (si vera lectio) כָּלפִּֿקּוּדֵי כֹל all the statutes about everthing.
b. with art. הַכֹּל:
(a) where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned, Exod 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל ביד אהרן, Lev 1:9 והקטיר הכהן את הַכֹּל, vLev 1:13; Lev 8:27; Deut 2:36 לפנינו ׳את הַכֹּל נתן י, Josh 11:19 (compare 2Sam 19:31; 1Kgs 14:26 = 2Chr 12:9), 2Chr 21:43 הַכֹּל בָּא (compare 2Chr 23:14), 1Sam 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד, 2Sam 17:3 (corrupt: see ᵐ5 Dr), 2Sam 24:23 (1Chr 21:23), 1Kgs 6:18 הַכֹּל ארז (compare 1Kgs 7:33; 2Kgs 25:17 = Jer 52:22), 2Kgs 24:16 הַכֹּל גבורים, Isa 65:8 לבלתי השׁחית הַכֹּל, Ps 14:3 or implied, Gen 16:12 יָדוֺ בַכֹּל, Gen 24:1 ברך את אברהם בַּכֹּל 2Sam 23:5 (poetry) עֲרֻכָה בַכֹּל, Isa 29:11 (peculiarly) חָזוּת הַכֹּל the vision of the whole, Jer 13:7; Jer 13:10 לא יצלח לַכֹּל, Ezek 7:14 וְהָכִין הַכֹּל (but Co וְהָכִינוּ הָכֵן), Ps 49:18 לא במותו יקח הַכֹּל: more frequently later, namely 1Chr 7:5 (as regards all), 1Chr 28:19; 1Chr 29:19; 2Chr 28:6; 2Chr 29:28; 2Chr 31:5; 2Chr 35:7; 2Chr 36:17; 2Chr 36:18; Ezra 1:11; Ezra 2:42; Ezra 8:34; Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:17 (וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל: see BeRy), Eccl 5:8 (בַּכֹּל, apparently = in all respects), Eccl 10:19; Eccl 12:13.
(b) in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe (τὸ πᾶν), or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late), Jer 10:16 = Jer 51:19 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא, Ps 103:19 (compare 1Chr 29:12), 1Chr 119:21 הַכֹּל עֲבָדֶיךָ, 1Chr 145:9 לַכֹּל ׳טוֺב י, 1Chr 29:12; 1Chr 29:14; 1Chr 29:16; Dan 11:2, and especially in Ecclesiastes, as Eccl 1:2; Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 3:19; Eccl 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל, Eccl 2:16 הכל נשׁכח, Eccl 3:1 לַכֹּל זְמָן, vEccl 3:11 vEccl 3:19 vEccl 3:20; Eccl 6:6; Eccl 7:15; Eccl 9:1; Eccl 9:2 (twice in verse); Eccl 9:3; Eccl 10:3; Eccl 10:19; Eccl 11:5. כַּכֹּל, Job 24:24 (si vera lectio) כַּכֹּל יִקָָּֽפְצוּן like all men (i.e. like men in general).

BDB9612 H3605 H3606 H6903

כֹּל, כָּלֿ: noun masculine the whole, all (Biblical Hebrew כֹּל); — emphatic כֹּלָּא Dan 2:40 +, construct כֹּל Dan 2:12; Dan 3:2 +, כָּלֿ Dan 2:8 +, suffix 3 masculine plural כָּלְּהוֺן (so Palmyrene Lzb²⁹⁶ Cooke^{No. 117}, Tariff ii.c.19 ii b. 18) Dan 2:38; Dan 7:19 (Qr feminine כָּכְּהֵּן); —

1. כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶכ the whole of ( = all) the wise men of B. Dan 3:2; Dan 3:3; Dan 3:5, etc.; Dan 6:2 כלמֿלכותא the whole ofthe kingdom, v.Dan 6:4 with suffix the whole of them, Dan 2:38; Dan 7:19.

2. with a singular noun, understood collectively, every, any, or with a negative none (Biblical Hebrew 1 b):Dan 3:29 דִּי כָלעַֿם אֻמָּה וְלִשָּׁן that every people, nation, and language, etc., Dan 6:8 מִןכָּֿלאֱֿלָה of any god, Ezra 6:12 כָּלמֶֿלֶח וְעַם; כל אנשׁ די every man who = whoever, Dan 3:10; Dan 5:7; Dan 6:13; Ezra 6:11; Dan 2:10 שׁאל כל מלך ֗֗֗ לא no king hath asked . . ., vDan 2:35; Dan 4:6; Dan 6:5; Dan 6:24 so כָּלדִּֿי (= Hebrew כָּלאְִֿשֶׁר) whoever Dan 6:8; Ezra 7:26, whatever vEzra 7:23, בְּכָלדִּֿי wherever Dan 2:38(compare אְִשֶׁר 4 b γ).

3. emphatic כֹּלָּא, used absolutely, as Hebrew הַכֹּל (Biblical Hebrew 2 b): Dan 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא crushing all things, Dan 4:9; Dan 4:18 וּמָזוֺן לְכֹלָּאבֵֿהּ and food for all was in it, v.Dan 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא all came upon N. (compare חַכֹּל בָּא Josh 21:43), Ezra 5:7 שְׁלָמָא כֹלָּא all peace (K^{§ 83 d};) compare in Hebrew כֻּלּוּ etc., after their noun : Biblical Hebrew 1 d a). — For כָּלקְָֿבֵל see קְָבֵל.

all, every, any, whole, one, …

kōl

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

all, the whole

all, the whole of

מִקְנַ֣ת

Root word bought, purchase, price, possession

Dictionary form: מִקְנָה · mik-NAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: that were bought

of the purchase ×5 the price ×2 and bought ×1 and he that is bought ×1 for a possession ×1 or bought ×1 that he was bought for ×1 that is bought ×1

More options

purchase — Broadest term; fits legal and commercial contexts well.

acquired property — Emphasizes the result of acquisition; suits ownership contexts.

bought item — Concrete and plain; good for referring to a specific thing bought.

acquisition — Slightly formal; highlights the act or right of obtaining.

property — Stresses possession over the act of buying; wider register.

price paid — Use when the focus is on the cost or transaction value.

BDB7483 H4736

מִקְנָה noun feminine purahase; — absolute ׳מ Gen 23:18 +; construct מִפְנַת Gen 17:12 +; suffix מִקְנָתוֺ Lev 25:16 +; —

1. purchase, מִקְנַת כֶּסֶף Gen 17:12; Gen 17:13; Gen 17:23; Gen 17:27; Exod 12:44 (all P); ׳סֵפֶר הַמּ document of purchase Jer 32:11; Jer 32:12 (twice in verse); Jer 32:14; Jer 32:16.

2. purchase-price, Lev 25:16 (twice in verse); Lev 25:51; Lev 27:22 (P).

3. possession (gained by purchase), לְמִקְנָה Gen 23:18 (P).

bought, purchase, price, possession

miqnâ

properly, a buying, i.e., acquisition; concretely, a piece of property (land or living); also the sum paid

purchase

purchase

כַּסְפּ ֔וֹ

כַּסְפּ

Root word silver, money, price, silverlings

֔וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: כֶּסֶף · keh-SEP

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: with his money

of silver ×85 silver ×59 money ×29 the money ×28 the silver ×25 and silver ×19 pieces of silver ×11 shekels of silver ×10

More options

silver — Primary meaning; use for the metal itself.

money — Use when context implies general currency or payment.

cash — Informal register; suits commercial or everyday transactions.

price — Use when emphasizing cost or valuation of something.

coin — Use when referring to specific minted pieces of currency.

funds — Broader term; suits contexts of wealth or financial resources.

BDB4136 H3701

כֶּ֫סֶף₄₀₂ noun masculine^{Gen 23:9} silver, money (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician, Zinjirli כסף; Aramaic כַּסְפָּא ; Palmyrene כספא Vog^{No. 23}; Assyrian kaspu; probably the pale metal Thes and others, compare RS^{JPh xiv,125}) — ׳כ absolute Gen 20:16 +, כָּ֑סֶף Exod 21:11 +; construct Exod 43:21 +; suffix כַּסְפִּי Gen 42:28 + 3 t., כַּסְפְּךָ 1Kgs 20:3 + 2 t., כַּסְפֶּ֑ךָ Gen 17:13; Isa 30:22, כַּסְפֵּךְ Isa 1:22, כַּסְפֵּנוּ Gen 31:15 + 2 t., כַּסְפָּם Hos 8:4 + 6 t.; plural suffix כַּסְפֵּיהֶם Gen 42:25; Gen 42:35 — silver,

1. = silver ore, raw silver (rare and mostly late) Job 28:1, also (in figurative) Ezek 22:20; Ezek 22:22; Zech 13:9; Prov 2:4; Prov 17:3; Prov 27:21; Mal 3:3 (twice in verse); Ps 12:7; Ps 66:10; Isa 48:10 ׳הָגוֺ סִיגים מִכּ Prov 25:4 remove dross from silver, compare סִיגִים ׳כ Prov 26:23 and ׳מִגִים כ Ezek 22:18 (ᵑ0; ᵐ5 ׳ס ׳כ; Co strike out in view of vEzek 22:20); נִמְאָס ׳כ Jer 6:30 (compare vJer 6:29), כַּסְפֵּךְ הָיָה לְסִיגִים Isa 1:22.

2. sliver as bright, shining, figurative of dove's wings כַּנְפֵי יוֺנָה נֶחְפָּה בַכֶּ֑סֶף Ps 68:14.

3. silver, as wealth, Gen 13:2 (J) + often (c. 54 t. in all; frequently with gold, etc., see זהב); מְלֹא וזהב ׳בֵיתוֺ כ Num 22:18; Num 24:13 figurative of a slave as valuable, כַּסְפּוֺ הוּא Exod 21:21 (all J E); silver as less valuable than gold 1Kgs 10:21 = 2Chr 9:20 compare also 1Kgs 10:27 = 2Chr 1:15; 2Chr 9:27 נִבְחָר ׳כ choice silver, Prov 18:19; Prov 10:20.

4. silver as spoil of war (with זהב, q. v.) Judg 5:19; 2Sam 8:11 = 1Chr 18:11 + 11 t.

5. sliver as merchandise Ezek 27:12; Prov 3:14 (׳סְחַרכֿ), Zeph 1:12 compare also 1Kgs 10:22 = 2Chr 9:21.

6. silver as costly gift (with זהב, q. v.) 1Kgs 15:18; 1Kgs 15:19 = 2Chr 16:2; 2Chr 16:3; 2Kgs 16:8; 2Kgs 18:15; 2Chr 9:14; 2Chr 17:11; 2Chr 21:3; Isa 60:9; Dan 11:38 (other instances under 8).

7. silver as material (c. 117 t. in all; often with זהב, q. v.), of cup Gen 44:2 compare vGen 44:8 (J), trumpets Num 10:2 (P), ׳כְּלֵיכֿ Gen 24:53 (J) +; of idols Exod 20:23; Isa 2:20; Deut 29:16; Ezek 16:17; Ps 115:4; Ps 135:15 + 4 t., compare Deut 7:25; Jer 10:4; Hab 2:19 especially of fittings of tabernacle Exod 26. 27. 36. 38. (19 t.), and those offered by chiefs of people Num 7 (28 t.), etc.

8. silver as measure of weight and value (c. 184 t.): —
a. shekels: — שְׁלשִׁים שְׁקָלִים ׳כ Exod 21:32 (JE), compare 2Sam 24:24; Lev 5:15; Num 18:16 (both P), Neh 5:15 also (different order) ׳חֲמִשָּׁה שׁקלים כ Lev 27:6 (twice in verse) (P), compare Josh 7:21 (JE), 2Kgs 15:20, and ׳אַרְבַּע מֵאֹת שֶׁקֶל י Gen 23:15; Gen 23:16, compare Lev 27:3; Lev 27:16 (all P), 1Sam 9:8 once ׳שִׁבְעָה שְׁקָלִים וַעֲשָׂרָה הַכּ Jer 32:9.
b. more often omitted שׁקל Gen 20:16; Gen 45:22 (E), Gen 37:28 (J), Hos 3:2; Song 8:11 + 17 t.
c. talents: — ׳כִּכַּר (הַ)כּ Exod 38:27 (P), compare 1Kgs 20:39; 2Kgs 5:22; 2Kgs 15:19; 2Kgs 18:14; 2Kgs 23:33 = 2Chr 36:3; 1Chr 19:6; 2Chr 25:6; 2Chr 27:5; Esth 3:9 ׳עֶשֶׂר כִּכְּרֵיכֿ 2Kgs 5:5 ׳כִּכְּרַיִם כ 1Kgs 16:24; 2Kgs 5:23 אלף אלפים ככרים ׳כ 1Chr 22:14 compare 1Chr 29:7; Ezra 8:26.
d. minas: — מָנִים חֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִים ׳כ Ezra 2:69 compare Neh 7:70; Neh 7:71.
e. more often = money, measure of value and exchange (c. 112 t.; not necess. coined) Gen 31:15; Gen 42:25; Gen 42:27 (E), Gen 43:12 (twice in verse); Gen 43:15; Gen 43:18 (J), Gen 23:13; Lev 27:18; Num 3:48 (P), Judg 16:18; 1Kgs 21:2; 2Kgs 12:5 etc.; so Ps 68:31 Che, but see De Grill Bae, and Che^{critical note}.; ׳מִקְנַת כ one bought for money Gen 17:12; Gen 17:13; Gen 17:23; Gen 17:27; Exod 12:44 (all P); מִקְנָתוֺ ׳כ Lev 25:51 (H) money for which he was bought; מָלֵא ׳כ full price Gen 23:9 (P) 1Chr 21:22; 1Chr 21:24 כַּסְפֵּנוּ בְּמִשְׁקָלוֺ Gen 43:21 i.e. our money in full; מִמְכָרוֺ ׳כ Lev 25:50 the price of his sale; אָשָׁם ׳כ 2Kgs 12:7 trespass-money, חַטָּאוֺת ׳כ v.2Kgs 12:7 sin-money, הַכִּפֻּרִים ׳כ Exod 30:16 atonement-money, הַפִּדְיוֺן ׳כ Num 3:49 redemption-money (both P); עֶרְכְּךָ ׳כ Lev 27:15; Lev 27:19 i.e. estimated value, etc.

9. among verbs and phrase with ׳כ are: — צרף try, refine, Zech 13:9; Isa 48:10; Mal 3:3 a Ps 12:7; Ps 66:10 זִקַּק Mal 3:3 b, (compare הִתּוּךְ Ezek 22:22, √ נתך, see vEzek 22:20 vEzek 22:21); יפּה beautify ׳בכ Jer 10:4 ׳תָּפוּשׂ כ Hab 2:19 encased with gold and silver; לְ ׳שָׁקַל אתהַֿכּ weigh out the silver to or for a person Jer 32:9; Gen 23:16 (P) Ezra 8:25, without לְ Jer 32:10, compare Exod 22:16 (E), 1Kgs 20:39 ׳ב ׳שׁקל כ Isa 55:2 = spend money for; מְחִירָהּ ׳לֹא יִשָּׁקֵל כ Job 28:15 ׳וַיִּשְׁקְלוּ אֶתשְֿׂכָרִי שׁלשׁים כ Zech 11:12 בַּקָּנֶה ישׁקלו ׳כ Isa 46:6, of wighing material for idol; ׳מָכַר בכ sell for money Amos 2:6; Gen 37:28 (J), Deut 21:14 ׳נָתַן בכ Deut 2:28b 1Kgs 21:6; 1Kgs 21:15; Gen 23:9 (P), 1Chr 21:22 also, of food, ׳הִשְׁבִּיר ב Deut 2:28 a; השׂדה ׳נתן כ Gen 23:13 (P) pay the price of the field; ׳קָנָה בְכ buy something for money Amos 8:6; Jer 32:25; Jer 32:44; Isa 43:24; 1Chr 21:24, compare ׳קָנָה נֶפֶשׁ קִנְיַן כ Lev 22:11 (H); ׳שׁבר בכ Deut 2:6 a Isa 55:1 ׳כרה בכ Deut 2:6b; peculiar is its use with פָּדָה, redeem (q. v.) in Num 18:16 ׳לקח כ receive money 2Kgs 5:26; 2Kgs 12:8; 2Kgs 12:9 ׳לָוָה כ Neh 5:4 borrow money; הִלְוָה Exod 22:24 (JE) lend money to (c. 2 accusative); בְּנֶשֶׁךְ ׳נתן כ give money on usury Lev 25:37 (H), Ps 15:5 compare לֹא תַשִּׁיךְ ׳לְאָחִיךָ נֶשֶׁךְ כ Deut 23:20.

silver, money, price, silverlings

kesep

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

silver, money

silver

as metal

כָּל

Root word all, every, any, whole, one, …

Dictionary form: כֹּל · kole

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: every

all ×1727 and all ×796 of all ×249 every ×158 in all ×133 according to all ×89 with all ×73 and every ×69

More options

all — Most versatile; fits nearly every syntactic context.

every — Prefer when distributing over individual items.

whole — Emphasizes totality or completeness of a single entity.

any — Best in negative, conditional, or open-ended clauses.

each — Highlights individuality within a set; more precise than 'every'.

entirely — Adverbial use; stresses completeness of an action.

BDB4037 H3605

כֹּל once כּוֺל (Jer 33:8 Kt.), noun masculine the whole, all (Moabite, Phoenician, id.; Aramaic כּוֺל, ; Arabic ; Sabean כל, compare DHM^{Epigr. Denk. 36-38}; Ethiopic Assyrian kullatu) — absolute כֹּל, construct כֹּל Gen 2:5; Gen 2:16; Gen 2:20 + often, once כֹּלֿ Ps 138:2 (see Ba), but more usually כָּלֿ (with makk.: without it, Ps 35:10; Prov 19:7 Kö^{i. 84, 95}); suffix 2 masculine singular in p. כֻּלָּךְ Mic 2:12 2 feminine singular כֻּלֵּךְ Isa 14:29; Isa 14:31, כֻּלָּךְ Isa 22:1; Song 4:7 (perhaps for assonance with accompanying לָךְ, בָּךְ); 3 masculine singular כֻּלֹּה 2Sam 2:9 (see Dr) + 17 t. (never in Pentateuch), כֻּלּוֺ Gen 25:25 + 16 t.; 3 feminine singular כֻּלָּהּ Gen 13:10 + 15 t., כֻּלָּא Ezek 36:5 כֻּלָּנּו (16 t.); כֻּלְּכֶם (18 t.); כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּם Jer 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַם 2Sam 23:6 (and probably Jer 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 feminine plural כֻּלָּ֫נָה Gen 42:36; Prov 31:29 כֻּלָּֽהְנָה׃ 1Kgs 7:37: — the whole,

1. with following genitive (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, all or every:
a. Gen 2:2 כָּלצְֿבָאָם the whole of their host, vGen 2:13 כָּלאֶֿרֶץ כּוּשׁ the whole of the land of Kush; כָּלהַֿלַּיְלָה the whole of the night; כָּליִֿשְׂרָאֵל the whole of Israel = all Israel; Deut 4:29 בְּכָללְֿבָֽבְךָ with the whole of thy heart = with all thy heart; + very often With a plural noun, usually determined by the article or a genitive: Gen 5:5 כליֿמי אדם the whole of (= all) the days of Adam, Gen 37:35 כלבֿניו the whole of (= all) his sons, Isa 2:2 כלהֿגוים all the nations; Gen 43:9 + often כל הימים = continually. In poetry, however, the noun may remain undetermined, כָּליָֿדַיִם the whole of hands = every hand, Isa 13:7; Jer 48:37; Ezek 21:12 כלפֿנים i.e. every face Isa 25:8; Joel 2:6 כל שׁלחנות Isa 28:8 כל חוצות Isa 51:20; Lam 2:19 and elsewhere Before an infinitive Gen 30:41; Deut 4:7; 1Kgs 8:52; 1Chr 23:31. frequently with suffixes, as (כֻּלֹּה) כֻּלּוֺ the whole of him Gen 25:25; Job 21:23; Song 5:16, the whole of it Lev 13:13; Jer 2:21; Nah 2:1; Prov 24:31 כֻּלָּהּ the whole of it Gen 13:10; Exod 19:18; Exod 25:36; Amos 8:8 כֻּלָּךְ all of thee Song 4:7 + (see at the beginning); כֻּלָּנוּ the whole of us Gen 42:11; Deut 5:3; Isa 53:6 (twice in verse); כֻּלְּכֶם Deut 1:22; Deut 4:4; 1Sam 22:7 (twice in verse); כֻּלָּם Gen 11:6; Gen 43:34; Josh 8:24 ויפלו כֻּלָּם, Judg 11:6 בְּיַד כֻּלָּם, Isa 7:19; Isa 31:3 + often — Twice, strangely, with hyperb. intensive force, Ps 39:6 כָּלהֶֿבֶל the whole of vanity are all men (? omit כל, as vPs 39:12), Ps 45:14 כָּלכְּֿבוּדָּה the whole of gloriousness is the king's daughter.
b. followed often by a singular, to be understood collectively, whether with or without the article: Gen 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה the whole of living souls = every living soul, Gen 2:9 כל עץ נחמד למראה the whole of trees (every kind of tree) pleasant to view, Gen 6:12 + כָּלבָּֿשָׂר, Gen 7:14 כל צפור כל כנף all birds of every kind of wing (so Ezek 17:23), vEzek 17:21 כל האדם the whole of mankind (so Num 12:3; Num 16:29; Judg 16:17 and elsewhere); in poetry כלאֿדם Ps 39:6; Ps 64:10 +; 1Sam 14:52 כל אישׁ גבור וכלבֿןחֿיל, 1Sam 17:19; 1Sam 17:24 כל אישׁ ישׂראל, 1Sam 22:2; Isa 9:16 כל פה the whole of mouths = every mouth, Isa 15:2; Isa 24:10 כָּלבַּֿיִת + often (in Isa 2:12-16 the singular and plural interchange); Ps 7:12 + בכליֿום, Ps 10:5 + בכלעֿת = at all seasons. So כלהֿעץ Gen 1:29, כלהֿבן Exod 1:22 = all the sons, כלהֿמקום Exod 20:24; Deut 11:24 = all the places, כלהֿמרכב Lev 15:9, vLev 15:26; Deut 4:3 כלהֿאישׁ אשׁר = all the men who. . ., Deut 15:19 כלהֿבכור, Jer 4:29 כלהֿעיר עזובה all the cities (notice the following בָּהֶן); כלהֿיום = all the days (see יוֺם 7 f), etc. In late Hebrew extended to such phrases as בְּכָלדּֿוֺר וָדוֺר Ps 45:18; Ps 145:13; Esth 9:28 בכלעֿיר ועיר 2Chr 11:12; 2Chr 28:25; 2Chr 31:19; Esth 8:11; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:28; 2Chr 32:28; Esth 2:11; Esth 3:14; Esth 4:3; Esth 8:13; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27; Esth 9:28 (3 t. in verse) (compare וְ 1 i b).
c. the genitive after כל is often a relative sentence, introduced by אשׁר: Gen 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה the whole of what he had made, Gen 7:22; Gen 13:1 + very often Sts., with a preposition, כל אשׁר has the force of wheresover, whithersoever, as Josh 1:7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ wheresoever thou goest, vJosh 1:16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר whithersoever (see אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ). Very rarely in such cases is there ellipse of the rel., as Gen 39:4 וְכָליֶֿשׁלֿוֺ נָתַן בְּיָדִי (contrast vGen 39:5 vGen 39:8), Exod 9:4 מכללֿבני ישׂראל, Isa 38:16 וּלְכָּלבָּֿהֶן חַיֵּי רוּחִי, Ps 71:18 לְכָליָֿבוֺא (Ps 74:3, see 2 a), 2Chr 32:31 peculiarly also in Chronicles (Dr^{Intr 505}), 1Chr 29:3 מִכָּלהֲֿכִינוֺתִי, 2Chr 30:18f.; Ezra 1:6 compare with כֹּל (2 a) 1Chr 29:11 a 2Chr 30:17; Ezra 1:5.
d. with a suffix two idiomatic uses of כל have to be noticed:
(a) כל is often made more independent and emphatic by being placed with a suffix after the word which it qualifies, to which it then stands in apposition (compare in Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic), as 2Sam 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלּהֹ, Jer 13:19; Jer 48:31; Isa 9:8; Isa 14:29; Isa 14:31 פלשׁת כלך Philistia, all of thee ! Mic 2:12; Hab 2:6; Job 34:13; Ps 67:4; Ps 67:6 especially in Ezekiel, as Ezek 14:5; Ezek 29:2 מצרים כֻּלָּהּ Ezek 32:12; Ezek 32:30 with change of person (compare the idiom in Isa 22:16; Isa 48:1; Isa 54:1 etc.), 1Kgs 22:28 = Mic 1:2 שׁמעו עמים כלם Hear, nations, all of them ! Mal 3:9 הַגּוֺי כֻּלּוֺ. So even with כל preceding: Num 16:3 כָּלהָֿעֵדָה כֻּלָּם, Isa 14:18; Jer 30:16; Ezek 11:15 כל בית ישׂראל כֻּלֹּה the whole of the house of Israel, the whole of it (so Ezek 20:40; Ezek 36:10), Ezek 35:15; Ezek 36:5; Ps 8:8 (compare Sabean DHM^l.c.);
(b) with the suffix of 3 masculine singular, understood as referring to the mass of things or persons meant, כֻּלֹּה or כֻּלּוֺ, literally the whole of it, is equivalent to all of them, every one, Exod 14:7 and captains עַלכֻּֿלּוֺ upon the whole of it (the רֶכֶב collectively) = all of them, Isa 1:23 the whole of it (the people) loveth bribes, Isa 9:16; Isa 15:3; Jer 6:13 (twice in verse); Jer 8:6; Jer 8:10 (twice in verse); Jer 20:7; Hab 1:9; Hab 1:15; Ps 29:9 and in his temple כֻּלּוֺ אֹמֵר כָּבוֺד the whole of it (= every one there) says, Glory ! Ps 53:4 (|| Ps 14:3 הַכֹּל); perhaps Isa 16:7; Jer 48:38 + Prov 19:6 Ew Hi (וְכֻלּהֹ רֵעַ): Jer 15:10 read כֻּלְּהֶם קִלֲלוּנִי.
e. Hebrew idiom in certain cases affirms, or denies, of an entire class, where English idiom affirms, or denies, of an individual of the class; thus in a comparative or hypothetical sentence כל is = any, and with a negative = none:
(a) Gen 3:1 the serpent was more subtil מכל חית השׂדה than all beasts of the field (in our idiom: than any beast of the field), Deut 7:7; 1Sam 9:2
(b) Lev 4:2 a soul when it sins through ignorance מכל מצות יי֞ in all the commandments of Jehovah (= in any of the commandments, etc.), Lev 19:23 when ye . . . plant כלעֿץ מאכל = any tree for food, Num 35:22 or if he have cast upon him כָּלכְּֿלִי = any weapon, 1Kgs 8:37 b; joined with a participle in a hypothetical sense (Dr^{§ 121 n.} Ges^{«GKC:116»§ 116}. 5 R. 5), Gen 4:14 כל מצאי all my finders (= if any one find me), he will slay me, vGen 4:15 a Num 21:8 כָּלהַֿנָּשׁוּךְ = whosoever (= if any one) is bitten, 1Sam 2:13
(c) with a negative, Gen 2:5 all plants of the field טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה were not as yet = no plant of the field as yet was, Gen 4:15 b לבלתי הכותאֿתו כלמֿצאו for the not-smiting him of all finding him = that none finding him should smite him, Exod 10:15 ולאנֿותר כל ירק = and no green things were left, Exod 12:16 כלמֿלאכה לא יעשׂה all work shall not be done = no work shall be done, Deut 28:14; Judg 13:4 אַלתּֿאֹכְלִי כָּלטָֿמֵא eat not of all that is unclean, Judg 19:19 אֵין מַחְסוֺר כָּלדָּֿבָר there is no lack of all things i.e. of any thing, Ps 143:2 כי לאיֿצדק לפניך כלחֿי, + very often (so οὐ πᾶς, as a Hebraism, in the N.T., e.g. Mark 13:20 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, Luke 1:37 οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει . . . πᾶν ρἧμα, as Jer 32:17 לֹאיִֿפָּלֵא מִמְּךָ כָּלדָּֿבָר, Gal 2:16 οὐ δικαιωθήσεται . . . πᾶσα σάρξ, etc.) Usually, in such cases, כל (or its genitive) is without the article, being left purposely indefinite: in Ps 49:18 (2 b a) הַכֹּל is emphatic (in Num 23:13 וְכֻלּוֺ לֹא תִרְאֶה the context shews that כֹּל is opposed to a part). feminine very anomalously, severed from its genitive, 2Sam 1:9 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נַפְשִׁי בִי, Job 27:3 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נִשְׁמָתִי בִי, Hos 14:3 (si vera lectio) כָּלתִּֿשָּׂא עָוֺן. On Eccl 5:15 ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּתשֶֿׂ see עֻמָּה.

Note. — When the genitive after כל is a noun feminine or plural, the predicate usually agrees with this (as being the really important idea), e.g. Gen 5:5 ויהיו כל ימי אדם, Num 14:1 וַתִּשָּׂא כָלהָֿעֵדָה, Nah 3:1; Ps 150:6 כָֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל exceptions being very rare, Isa 64:10b Prov 16:2 (Ges^{«GKC:141»§ 141}. 1 R. 2).

2. Absolutely:
a. without the article, all things, all (mostly neuter, but sometimes masculine), the sense in which 'all' is to be taken being gathered from the context, Gen 9:3 נתתי לכם את כֹּל, Gen 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֺ, Gen 20:16 ואת כֹּל ונוכחת, Gen 33:11 וכי ישׁ לי כֹל, Num 8:16 בכור כֹּל מבני ישׂראל, Num 11:6 אֵין כֹּל nought of all things ! = there is nothing (so 2Sam 12:3; Prov 13:7, compare 2Kgs 4:2), 2Kgs 13:2 כֹּ֖ל נשׂיא בהם (compare 2Sam 23:28; 1Chr 3:9: usually so הַכֹּל), Deut 28:47 מֵרֹב כֹּל, vDeut 28:48 vDeut 28:37 בְּחֹסֶר כֹּל (compare Jer 44:18), Isa 30:5 כֹּל הֹבִאישׁ all exhibit shame, Isa 44:24 עשֶֹׁהכֹּֿל ׳י, Jer 44:12 וְתַמּוּ כֹל (unusual), Zeph 1:2; Ps 8:7; Ps 74:3 (read כֹּל הֵרַע), Ps 145:15 עיני כֹל, Prov 16:4; Prov 26:10; Prov 28:5; Job 13:1 הן כֹּל ראתה עיני, Job 42:2; 1Chr 29:11b 2Chr 32:22 (masculine), Dan 11:37 (see also 1 c end); מִכֹּל Gen 6:19; Gen 6:20b שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל, Gen 14:20; Gen 27:33; Jer 17:9 עקוב הלב מִכֹּל, Dan 11:2 (masculine) After a negative = anything, Deut 4:25 תְּמוּנַת כֹּל the likeness of anything, Deut 8:9; Deut 28:55; Prov 30:30. In the genitive also, very rarely, to express the idea of all as comprehensively as possible: Ezek 44:30 כָּלבִּֿכּוּרֵי כֹל וְכָלתְּֿרוּמַת כֹּל; Ps 119:128 (si vera lectio) כָּלפִּֿקּוּדֵי כֹל all the statutes about everthing.
b. with art. הַכֹּל:
(a) where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned, Exod 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל ביד אהרן, Lev 1:9 והקטיר הכהן את הַכֹּל, vLev 1:13; Lev 8:27; Deut 2:36 לפנינו ׳את הַכֹּל נתן י, Josh 11:19 (compare 2Sam 19:31; 1Kgs 14:26 = 2Chr 12:9), 2Chr 21:43 הַכֹּל בָּא (compare 2Chr 23:14), 1Sam 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד, 2Sam 17:3 (corrupt: see ᵐ5 Dr), 2Sam 24:23 (1Chr 21:23), 1Kgs 6:18 הַכֹּל ארז (compare 1Kgs 7:33; 2Kgs 25:17 = Jer 52:22), 2Kgs 24:16 הַכֹּל גבורים, Isa 65:8 לבלתי השׁחית הַכֹּל, Ps 14:3 or implied, Gen 16:12 יָדוֺ בַכֹּל, Gen 24:1 ברך את אברהם בַּכֹּל 2Sam 23:5 (poetry) עֲרֻכָה בַכֹּל, Isa 29:11 (peculiarly) חָזוּת הַכֹּל the vision of the whole, Jer 13:7; Jer 13:10 לא יצלח לַכֹּל, Ezek 7:14 וְהָכִין הַכֹּל (but Co וְהָכִינוּ הָכֵן), Ps 49:18 לא במותו יקח הַכֹּל: more frequently later, namely 1Chr 7:5 (as regards all), 1Chr 28:19; 1Chr 29:19; 2Chr 28:6; 2Chr 29:28; 2Chr 31:5; 2Chr 35:7; 2Chr 36:17; 2Chr 36:18; Ezra 1:11; Ezra 2:42; Ezra 8:34; Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:17 (וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל: see BeRy), Eccl 5:8 (בַּכֹּל, apparently = in all respects), Eccl 10:19; Eccl 12:13.
(b) in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe (τὸ πᾶν), or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late), Jer 10:16 = Jer 51:19 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא, Ps 103:19 (compare 1Chr 29:12), 1Chr 119:21 הַכֹּל עֲבָדֶיךָ, 1Chr 145:9 לַכֹּל ׳טוֺב י, 1Chr 29:12; 1Chr 29:14; 1Chr 29:16; Dan 11:2, and especially in Ecclesiastes, as Eccl 1:2; Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 3:19; Eccl 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל, Eccl 2:16 הכל נשׁכח, Eccl 3:1 לַכֹּל זְמָן, vEccl 3:11 vEccl 3:19 vEccl 3:20; Eccl 6:6; Eccl 7:15; Eccl 9:1; Eccl 9:2 (twice in verse); Eccl 9:3; Eccl 10:3; Eccl 10:19; Eccl 11:5. כַּכֹּל, Job 24:24 (si vera lectio) כַּכֹּל יִקָָּֽפְצוּן like all men (i.e. like men in general).

BDB9612 H3605 H3606 H6903

כֹּל, כָּלֿ: noun masculine the whole, all (Biblical Hebrew כֹּל); — emphatic כֹּלָּא Dan 2:40 +, construct כֹּל Dan 2:12; Dan 3:2 +, כָּלֿ Dan 2:8 +, suffix 3 masculine plural כָּלְּהוֺן (so Palmyrene Lzb²⁹⁶ Cooke^{No. 117}, Tariff ii.c.19 ii b. 18) Dan 2:38; Dan 7:19 (Qr feminine כָּכְּהֵּן); —

1. כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶכ the whole of ( = all) the wise men of B. Dan 3:2; Dan 3:3; Dan 3:5, etc.; Dan 6:2 כלמֿלכותא the whole ofthe kingdom, v.Dan 6:4 with suffix the whole of them, Dan 2:38; Dan 7:19.

2. with a singular noun, understood collectively, every, any, or with a negative none (Biblical Hebrew 1 b):Dan 3:29 דִּי כָלעַֿם אֻמָּה וְלִשָּׁן that every people, nation, and language, etc., Dan 6:8 מִןכָּֿלאֱֿלָה of any god, Ezra 6:12 כָּלמֶֿלֶח וְעַם; כל אנשׁ די every man who = whoever, Dan 3:10; Dan 5:7; Dan 6:13; Ezra 6:11; Dan 2:10 שׁאל כל מלך ֗֗֗ לא no king hath asked . . ., vDan 2:35; Dan 4:6; Dan 6:5; Dan 6:24 so כָּלדִּֿי (= Hebrew כָּלאְִֿשֶׁר) whoever Dan 6:8; Ezra 7:26, whatever vEzra 7:23, בְּכָלדִּֿי wherever Dan 2:38(compare אְִשֶׁר 4 b γ).

3. emphatic כֹּלָּא, used absolutely, as Hebrew הַכֹּל (Biblical Hebrew 2 b): Dan 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא crushing all things, Dan 4:9; Dan 4:18 וּמָזוֺן לְכֹלָּאבֵֿהּ and food for all was in it, v.Dan 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא all came upon N. (compare חַכֹּל בָּא Josh 21:43), Ezra 5:7 שְׁלָמָא כֹלָּא all peace (K^{§ 83 d};) compare in Hebrew כֻּלּוּ etc., after their noun : Biblical Hebrew 1 d a). — For כָּלקְָֿבֵל see קְָבֵל.

all, every, any, whole, one, …

kōl

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

all, the whole

all, the whole of

זָכָ֕ר

Root word male, males, man, child, mankind, …

Dictionary form: זָכָר · dzaw-KAWR

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: male

male ×19 males ×14 the males ×10 a male ×6 a man ×3 man child ×3 of the male ×3 it be a male ×2

More options

male — Broadest, gender-specific term; works across species and contexts.

man — Prefer when referring specifically to adult human males.

boy — Use when context clearly indicates a young male child.

son — Use in genealogical or family lineage contexts.

male child — Modernizes KJV 'man child'; clarifies age and sex together.

men — Plural collective sense; use when referring to a group of males.

BDB2358 H2145

זָכָר noun masculine & adjective male (Assyrian zikaru, zikru, COT^Gloss Lyon^{Manual, Gloss}; Arabic ; Aramaic דִּכְרָא, ; Sabean רם[כ]דֿ DHM^{ZMG 1876, 675}; relation to above √ obscure; male as mentioned, talked of, Lane^{969 f.}; from assumed original sense be sharp (traces of this in Arabic: see Lane), Bö^{Prob 207} Fl in ChWB^{i. 422}, compare Arabic male organ; Schw^{ZAW 1891, 176 ff.}

**(against Schwally's view see JPeritz^{Woman in the Ancient Hebrew Cult, JBL xvii {1898}, 111 ff}.) from זָכַר = call upon in worship; hence male as competent to worship) — always absolute ׳ז Gen 1:27 +; plural (ה)זְכָרִים Exod 13:12 +; see also [זָכוּר]: —

I. substantive male, offspring of men and animals Exod 13:12; Exod 13:15 (plural, both J E); opposed to נְקֵבָה Deut 4:16 specifically

1. of men:
a. in phrase אישׁ לְמִשְׁכַב זָכָר אשׁר לא יָָֽדְעָה Judg 21:12 (Bu^{RS 153} Dr^{Intr. 151}), compare vJudg 21:11, Num 31:17; Num 31:18; Num 31:35 (all 3 P); צַלְמֵי זָכָר Ezek 16:17.
b. alone = man Jer 30:6 (רְאוּ אִםיֹֿלֵד זָכָ֑ר || גֶּבֶר); usually collective, men, male persons (of all ages) Judg 21:11; 1Kgs 11:15; 1Kgs 11:16; Gen 34:25; Lev 6:11; Lev 6:22; Lev 7:6; Lev 3:28; Lev 3:34; Lev 3:39; Lev 18:10; Lev 26:62; Lev 31:7; Lev 31:17 (all P); plural (ה)זכרים 2Chr 31:16; Ezra 8:3; Ezra 8:4; Ezra 8:5; Ezra 8:6; Ezra 8:7; Ezra 8:8; Ezra 8:9; Ezra 8:10; Ezra 8:11; Ezra 8:12; Ezra 8:13; Ezra 8:14, so also Josh 5:4 (|| העם כלֿ, and כלאֿנשׁי המלחמה), Josh 17:2 (gloss? compare Dr^{Intr. 104}); especially of individual, in connection with circumcision Gen 17:10; Gen 17:12; Gen 17:14; Gen 17:23; Gen 34:15; Gen 34:22; Gen 34:24; Exod 12:48 (all P); of male child Lev 12:2 (P) Isa 66:7 opposed to נְקֵבָה Gen 1:27; Gen 5:2; Lev 12:7 (child) Lev 15:33; Lev 27:3; Lev 27:5; Lev 27:6; Lev 27:7; Num 5:3 (all P; compare Sabean אנתֿים פאו דֿ(כ)רם DHM^l.c.); opposed to אִשָּׁה in command ag. sodomy Lev 18:22; Lev 20:13 (both H).

2. of animals, especially for sacrifice Exod 34:19 (J E; read הַזָּכָר for ᵑ0 תִּזָּכָר); Exod 12:5; Lev 1:3; Lev 1:10; Lev 4:23 (all P) Lev 22:19 (H), Mal 1:14 opposed to נְקֵבָה Gen 6:19; Gen 7:3; Gen 7:9; Gen 7:16; Lev 3:1; Lev 3:6 (all P). II. adjective singular male (only human beings) ׳יֻלַּדלְֿךָ בֵּן ז Jer 20:15 ׳כָּלבְּֿכֹר ז Num 3:40; Num 3:43 (both P).

BDB9449 H1798 H2145

[דְּכַר] noun masculine ram (ᵑ7 דִּכְרָא, Syriac id., also (and primarily) male, see Biblical Hebrew זָכָר); — plural דִּכְּ רִין for sacrifice Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:17; Ezra 7:17.

male, males, man, child, mankind, …

zākār

properly, remembered, i.e., a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex)

(n m) male (of humans and animals)

בְּ אַנְשֵׁ֖י

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

אַנְשֵׁ֖י

Root word man, men, one, husband, mans, …

Dictionary form: אִישׁ · eesh

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: among the men of

man ×241 men ×209 a man ×163 every man ×120 the men ×118 the man ×107 every one ×81 one ×57

More options

man — Default singular; covers most direct references to an adult male.

person — Gender-neutral; prefer when context stresses individuality over sex.

husband — Use specifically in marriage or household relationship contexts.

someone — Indefinite pronoun; suits partitive or existential constructions.

everyone — Distributive sense; fits 'each/every man' idioms.

fellow — Informal register; good for relational or contemptuous contexts.

BDB389 H376 H381 H382

אִישׁ₂₁₆₆ noun masculine man ( = vir) (MI, SI, Phoenician אש, perhaps also Sabean אסם compare Prät^l.c, but DHM^{ZMG 1883, 330}) — ׳א absolute Gen 2:23 +; construct Gen 25:27 +; suffix אִישִׁי Gen 29:32 +, etc.; plural אִישִׁים Ps 141:4 + 2 t. (Phoenician אשם); usually אֲנָשִׁים Gen 12:20 +, from √ אנשׁ q. v.; construct אַנְשֵׁי Judg 6:27 +; suffix אֲנָשַׁי 1Sam 23:12 etc.; — man, opposed to woman Gen 2:23; Gen 2:24; Lev 20:27; Num 5:6; Deut 17:2f; Josh 6:21; Josh 8:25; Jer 40:7, emphasis on sexual distinction & relation Gen 19:8; Gen 24:16; Gen 38:25; Exod 22:15; Lev 15:16 (שִׁכְבַת זָרַ֑ע) vLev 15:18 (וְאִשָּׁה ׳זֿ׳אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁכַּב אִישׁ אֹתָהּ שׁ) Lev 20:10 f; Num 5:13f; Deut 22:22f; Isa 4:1 +; thence = husband, especially with suffix Gen 3:6; Gen 3:16; Gen 16:3; Gen 29:32; Gen 29:34; Lev 21:7; Num 30:7f; Deut 28:56; Judg 13:8f; Ruth 1:3f; 1Sam 25:19; Jer 29:6; Ezek 16:45 +; figurative of ׳י as husband of Israel אִישִׁי Hos 2:18 (opposed to בַּעְלִּי); man as procreator, father Eccl 6:3 of male child Gen 4:1 compare זֶרַע אֲנָשִׁים 1Sam 1:11 man, opposed to beast Exod 11:7; Lev 20:15 (compare אָדָם); compare figurative Ps 22:7 but also of male of animals Gen 7:2 (twice in verse) (אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֺ); man, opposed to God Gen 32:29; Num 23:19 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב (|| וּבֶןאָֿדָם וְיִתְנֶחָ֑ם); Job 9:32; Job 32:13; Hos 11:9 compare Isa 31:8; Job 12:10 (רוּחַ כָּלבְּֿשַׂר אִישׁ); hence in phrases to denote ordinary, customary, common שֵׁבֶט אֲנָשִׁים 2Sam 7:14 (|| נִגְעֵי בְּנֵי אָדָם); לֶחֶם אֲנָשִׁים Ezek 24:17; Ezek 24:22 [

**אֲנָשִׁים Ezek 24:17; Ezek 24:22 is textual error; We (apparently Sm) אֲנֻשִׁים; Toy^Hpt אוֺנִים (Hos 9:4).] (compare Isa 8:1); אַמַּתאִֿישׁ Deut 3:11 but also contracted אָדָם Ps 49:3; Ps 62:10 man, as valiant 1Sam 4:9 (twice in verse) (וִהְיוּ לַאֲנָשִׁים) so 1Kgs 2:2 compare 1Sam 26:15 so אִישׁ חַיִל 1Sam 31:12; 2Sam 24:9; 1Kgs 1:42 +; also אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה Num 31:49; Deut 2:14; Deut 2:16; Josh 5:4; Josh 5:6 +; even of ׳י Exod 15:3 יהוה אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה; often prefixed to other nouns in apposition אָדוֺן ׳א Gen 42:30; Gen 42:33, שַׂר וְשֹׁפֵט ׳א Exod 2:14, כֹּהֵן ׳א Lev 21:9, סָרִיס ׳א Jer 38:7 particular before adjective, of a people אִישׁ מִצְרִי Gen 39:1; Exod 2:11; Exod 2:19 compare Gen 37:28; Gen 38:1; Gen 38:2; Gen 39:14; 1Sam 17:12; 1Sam 30:11; 1Sam 30:13 +; a man as resident in, or belonging to a place or people Num 25:6; Judg 10:1 + (so Phoenician); usually plural אַנְשֵׁי יִשְׂרָאֵל 1Sam 7:11; 1Sam 31:7 (twice in verse) compare Josh 7:4; Josh 7:5 +; also singularcollective Deut 27:14; Josh 9:6; Josh 9:7; Judg 20:11; 1Sam 11:8 (see Dr) +; 2Sam 10:6; 2Sam 10:8 (טוֺב ׳א); (so MI¹⁰; MI¹³); men = retainers, followers, soldiers 1Sam 18:27; 1Sam 23:3 f 1Sam 24:3; 1Sam 25:13 + compare Deut 33:8 singular collective see Di; אִישׁ אֱלֹהִים man of God = prophet Deut 33:1; Josh 14:6; 1Sam 9:6f; 1Kgs 12:13f + (see אלהים); in phrase followed by abstract אִישׁ חַיִל, מִלְחָמָה ׳א see above; שֵׂיבָה ׳א Deut 32:25, הַדָּמִים ׳א 2Sam 16:7 compare see 8, הַבְּלִיַּעַל ׳א 2Sam 16:7, מָוֶת ׳א 1Kgs 2:26, חָמָס ׳א Ps 140:12; Prov 3:31 +; followed by word of occupation, etc. שָׂדֶה׳א Gen 25:27, הָאֲדָמָה׳א Gen 9:20 (compare Zech 13:5), ׳א הַבֵּנַיִם champion 1Sam 17:4 (compare Dr) v1Sam 17:23, בְּשׂרָה ׳א 2Sam 18:20, אִישׁ עֲצָתוֺ his counsellor Isa 40:13, compare אִישׁ חֶרְמִי 1Kgs 20:42, רֵעִים ׳א Prov 18:24 often distributive = each, every Gen 9:5; Gen 10:5; Gen 40:5 (twice in verse); Exod 12:3 +; including women Job 42:11; 1Chr 16:3 וַיְחַלֵּק לְכָלאִֿישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאִישׁ וְעַד אִשָּׁה לְאִישׁ כִּכַּרלֶֿחֶם; of inanimate things 1Kgs 7:30; 1Kgs 7:36 also אִישׁ אִישׁ Exod 36:4; Num 4:19; Num 4:49; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7 +; any one Exod 34:3 (twice in verse); Exod 34:24 +; also אִישׁ אִישׁ Lev 15:2; Lev 22:4; Lev 22:18 +; of gods 2Kgs 18:33 = Isa 36:18 one...another וְהִרְגוּ אִישֿׁ אֶתאָֿחִיו וְאִישׁ אֶתרֵֿעֵהוּ וְאִישׁ אֶתקְֿרֹבוֺExod 32:27, אִישׁ ֗֗֗ אָחִיו Deut 1:16; Mic 7:2 (see אָח), אִישׁרֵ֗֗֗עֵהוּ Gen 11:3; Gen 11:7 + (see רֵעַ) of inanimate things Gen 15:10.

man, men, one, husband, mans, …

ʾîš

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

man

man, male (in contrast to woman, female)

בֵּ֣ית

Root word house, houses, household, home, within, …

Dictionary form: בַּיִת · ba-YIT

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: house

the house ×301 house ×291 of the house ×281 in the house ×114 his house ×59 into the house ×50 and the house ×41 to the house ×34

More options

house — Most direct equivalent; fits nearly every context.

home — Warm, personal tone; prefer for family/dwelling contexts.

household — Use when referring to all members of a family unit.

palace — Prefer for royal or grand official residences.

temple — Use when בַּיִת refers to a sacred sanctuary or shrine.

family — Best when emphasis is on lineage or ancestral group.

BDB1045 H1004

בַּ֫יִת₂₀₃₄ noun masculine^{Deut 8:12} house (Phoenician בת, MI בת, suffix ביתה, Arabic , Aramaic בַּיְתָא, Assyrian bîtu, COT^Gloss, Sabean בית, בת, fortress DHM^{ZMG 1883, 387}; temple Hal²⁵⁷ DHM^{ZMG 1876, 697}, Ethiopic Palmyrene in בת עלמא, בת מקברתא sepulchre Vog^{32, 64} and others; etymology dubious; Thes √ בות, Aramaic בּוּת, spend the night, Arabic Ethiopic but this perhaps denominative, & בית from √ לר֞ with ת afform. compare Sta^{§187 a}) — absolute בַּיִת Exod 12:30 +; בָּ֑יִת Gen 33:17 +; בַּ֫יְתָה (ָ ה locative) Ps 68:7 +; construct בֵּית Gen 12:15 +; suffix בֵּיתִי Gen 15:2 +; בֵּיתְךָ Gen 7:1 +, etc.; הַבַּ֫יְתָה, בַּיְתָה (in) to the house, homeward, Gen 19:10; Ps 68:7 +; also בֵּ֫יתָה (in)to the house of ...; plural בָּֽתִּים Exod 1:21 + (i.e. bâttîm, see Nö in Mei^{Archaeology i. 456 f.}, compare Ges^{«GKC:96»§ 96}); construct בָּֽתֵּי Exod 8:17 +; suffix בָּתֶּיךָ Exod 10:6 בָּֽתָּיו 1Chr 28:11 בָּֽתֵּינוּ Exod 12:27 +; בָּֽתֵּיכֶם Gen 42:19 בָּתֵּיהֶם Num 16:32 +; (בָּֽתֵּ֫ימוֺ Ps 49:12), etc.; —

1. house,
a. as dwelling habitation Gen 19:2; Gen 19:3; Gen 19:4; Gen 19:11; Gen 27:15; Gen 33:17 (object of בָּנָה) Exod 12:7 + often; מוֺשַׁב ׳בּ Lev 25:29 (compare בַּיִת לְשִׁבְתִּי 2Sam 7:5); בֵּית = in the house of, when modifying word follows, compare Dr^{Sm 29, n. 2} (after stative construct מוֺלֶדֶת בַּיִת אוֺ מוֺלֶדֶת חוּץ Lev 19:9); e.g. אָבִיךָ ׳בּ Gen 24:23 אִישָׁהּ ׳בּ Num 30:11 יהוה ׳בּ 2Kgs 23:24 so in proper name ביתאל Amos 7:13 (ה)בַּ֫יְתָה into the house, home Exod 9:19 (of man & beast) compare, Judg 19:18; 1Sam 6:7 (compare v1Sam 6:10) 1Kgs 13:7; 1Kgs 13:15; Ps 68:7; Isa 14:17 etc.; compare below 7 below; partic (α) in J occasionally of tent Gen 27:15 compare Gen 33:17 (with בנה; here of nomad's hut); usually (β) house of solid materials, with doorposts, etc. Exod 12:7; Deut 6:9; Deut 11:20, walls Lev 14:37; Lev 14:39, of stones, timber & mortar vLev 14:45 (compare vLev 14:40 vLev 14:42 vLev 14:43); so also Josh 2:15 supported by pillars Judg 16:26f.; with roof on which one could walk 2Sam 11:12 etc.; see especially temple and king's house in Jerusalem 1 Ki 5-7 etc.; compare Song 1:7; Jer 22:14 of Ezekiel's temple Ezek 40f.; בָּֽתֵּכֶם סְפוּנִים of luxurious houses Hag 1:4 בנה בָּֽתִּים טֹבִים Deut 8:12 בּנה בַּיִתחָֿדָשׁ Deut 20:5 compare Deut 22:8 also with בנה Deut 28:30 + often; (γ) construct before word of material, אֲרָזִים ׳בּ 2Sam 7:2; 2Sam 7:7 = 1Chr 17:1 (׳הַא ׳בּ) v1Chr 17:6 הַשֵּׁן ׳בּ 1Kgs 22:39 compare Amos 3:15 גָּזִית ׳בּ house of hewn stone Amos 5:11 compare בֵּית יַעַר הַלְּבָנוֺן 1Kgs 7:2; 2Chr 9:20, בֵּית הַיַּעַר Isa 22:8 (δ) also before word of quality or characteristic, בֵּית אֵבֶל Eccl 7:2 || מִשְׁתֶּה ׳בּ vEccl 7:4 || שִׂמְחָה ׳בּ; מַרְזֵחַ ׳בּ Jer 16:5 מִשְׁתֶּה ׳בּ Jer 16:8 בָּֽתֵּי חֶמְדָּתֵךְ Ezek 26:12 בֵּית תַּעֲנֻגֶי֑הָ Mic 2:9 compare מְרִי ׳בּ rebellious house below

5. d below; (ε) in combinations, of structures for various purposes: — (1) בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ = palace 1Kgs 9:1; 1Kgs 9:10; 1Kgs 10:12 +, etc.; בֵּית מַמְלָכָה Amos 7:13 compare below

2. below; הַמַּלְכוּת ׳בּ Esth 5:1 compare Esth 2:16 לְמַלְכוּתוֺ ׳בּ 2Chr 1:18 (2) בֵּית הַסֹּהַר = the prison Gen 39:20 (twice in verse); Gen 39:21; Gen 39:22 (twice in verse); Gen 39:23; Gen 40:3; Gen 40:5 compare מִשְׁמַרְכֶם ׳בּ Gen 42:19 מִשְׁמֶרֶת ׳בּ 2Sam 20:3 ׳בּ הָאָסוּר Jer 37:15 הָאֲסיּרים ׳בּ Judg 16:21; Judg 16:25 הָסֿוּרִים ׳בּ Eccl 4:14 הַכֶּלֶא ׳בּ 1Kgs 22:27; 2Kgs 17:4; 2Chr 18:26; Jer 37:15; Jer 37:18 compare Isa 42:7 כֶּלֶא ׳בּ 2Kgs 25:27 הַמַּהְפֶּכֶת ׳בּ 2Chr 16:10 הַכְּליּ֯א ׳בּ Jer 37:4; Jer 52:31 בָּֽתֵּי כְלָאִים Isa 42:22 בֵּיתהַֿבּוֺר Jer 37:16 הַפְּקֻדּוֺת ׳בּ Jer 52:31 (3) בֵּית הַנָּשִׁים house of the women, harem Esth 2:9; Esth 2:11; Esth 2:13; Esth 2:14 (4) מִשְׁתֵּה הַיַּיִן ׳בּ Esth 7:8 הַיָּ֑יִן ׳בּ Song 2:4 compare בָּֽתֵּי מָשׂוֺשׂ Isa 32:13 (5) בֵּית הַחֹרֶף Amos 3:15; Jer 36:22 ׳הַקָּ֑יִץ בּ Amos 3:15 (6) בֵּית נְכֹתֹה & בֵּית כֵּלָיו 2Kgs 20:13 = Isa 39:2 (7) בֵּית הַגָּן garden-h. (or proper name? compare p. III) 2Kgs 9:27 (8) בֵּיתעֵֿקֶד binding-h. (or proper name?) 2Kgs 10:12; 2Kgs 10:14 (9) בֵּיתעֲבָדִים h. of slaves (where slaves live), only figurative of Egypt Exod 13:3; Exod 13:14; Exod 20:2; Deut 5:6; Deut 6:12; Deut 7:8; Deut 8:14; Deut 13:6; Deut 13:11; Josh 24:17; Judg 6:8; Mic 6:4; Jer 34:13 — on הַחָפְשִׁית ׳בּ 2Kgs 15:5 = 2Chr 26:21 compare חפשׁית; especially (10) ׳בֵּית י = temple 1Kgs 7:12; 1Kgs 7:40; 1Kgs 7:45; 1Kgs 7:51 & very often; also (mostly late) בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים 1Chr 9:11; 1Chr 9:13; 1Chr 9:26 + often; but also of earlier tent of worship Judg 18:31 see also הָאֹהֶל ׳בּ 1Chr 9:23, compare אֱלֹהִים ׳בּ of local shrine 1Chr 17:5 & also in mouth of Jacob, as explanation of name of Bethel Gen 28:17 (compare vGen 28:19), & as name of stone, or MaÁÁeba vGen 28:22 = (all E); also ׳י ׳ב of earlier tent of worship Judg 19:18; 1Sam 1:7; 1Sam 1:24; 2Sam 12:20 (compare further אֱלֹהִים, יהוה); הָאוֺצָר ׳בּ Mal 3:10 compare הֵיכַל הַבַּיִת 1Kgs 6:3, & ׳בּ alone in same sense, especially 1Kgs 6 compare 2Chr 1:18; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 2:11 +; see 1Chr 28:2 ׳מְנוּחָה לַאֲרוֺן בְּרִיתיֿ ׳בּ וְלַהֲדֹם רַגְלֵי אֱלֹהֵינוּ; also בֵּית הַקֹּדֶשׁ 1Chr 29:3 קֹדֶשׁ ׳בּ הַקֳּדָשִׁים 2Chr 3:8; 2Chr 3:10 קָדְשֵׁנוּ וְתִפְאַרְתֵּנוּ ׳בּ Isa 64:10 בֵּיתזְֿבֻל 2Chr 6:2 בֵּית זָ֑בַח 2Chr 7:12 בֵּית מִקְדָּשָׁם 2Chr 36:17 תְּפִלָּה ׳בּ Isa 56:7 (twice in verse); תִּפְאַרְתִּי ׳בּ Isa 60:7 also of heathen temples בַּעַלבְּֿרִית ׳ב Judg 9:4 דָּֿגוֺן׳ב 1Sam 5:5 עַשְׁתָּרוֺת ׳ב 1Sam 31:10 רִמּוֺן ׳ב 2Kgs 5:18 (3 t. in verse); הַבַּעַל ׳ב 2Kgs 10:21 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 10:23; 2Kgs 10:25; 2Kgs 10:26; 2Kgs 10:27; 2Kgs 11:18 עֲצַבֵּיהֶם ׳בּ 1Sam 31:9 (but read rather אתעֿצביהם as in || 1Chr 10:9 so ᵐ5 We Dr); בֵּית בָּמוֺת 1Kgs 12:31 (compare MI בת במת) see also 1Kgs 13:32; 2Kgs 17:29; 2Kgs 17:32 בֵּית אוֺצַר אֱלֹהָיו Dan 1:2 etc.; made of woven material 2Kgs 23:7 אֲשֶׁר הַנָּשִׁים אֹרְגוֺת שָׁם בָּֽתִּים לָאֲשֵׁרָה perhaps = tent-shrines but text dubious ᵐ5 χεττιεῖν (כתנות ?); ᵐ5^L στολάς; compare Ew^{H iii.718} & Klo; (ζ) of portion of larger building (late), so plural בָּֽתָּיו 1Chr 28:11 i.e. of the temple (|| גַּנְזַכָּיו, עֲלִיֹּתָיו, חֲדָרָיו); compare הַכַּפֹּרֶת ׳בּ ib.; הַמְֿבַשְּׁלִים ׳בּ Ezek 46:24.
b. as shelter or abode of animals 1Sam 6:7; 1Sam 6:10 compare Exod 9:19 בֵּית עַכָּבִישׁ Job 8:14 spider's web (compare בָּנָה כָעָשׁ בֵּיתוֺ Job 27:18); of wild ass Job 39:6 שַׂמְתִּי עֲרָבָה בֵיתוֺ; צִפּוֺר מָֽצְאָה בַּיִת Ps 84:4 (|| קֵן); חֲסִידָה בְּרוֺשִׁים בֵּיתָהּ Ps 104:17 (compare || & Che); Prov 30:26 (of the שְׁפַנִּים 'conies').
c. figurative of human bodies בָּֽתֵּיחֹֿמֶר Job 4:19 houses of clay, compare in phrase שֹׁמְרֵי הַבַּיִת Eccl 12:3 keepers of the house, i.e. the arms; see further בֵּית מְגוּרָ֑י Ps 119:54.
d. of sh®°ôl, שְׁאוֺל בֵּיתִי Job 17:13, compare בֵּית מוֺעֵד לְכָלחָֿ֑י Job 30:23 (|| מָוֶת); בֵּית עוֺלָמוֺ Eccl 12:5 (perhaps = tomb, see De).
e. of abode of light & darkness Job 38:20. feminine of land of Ephraim as יהוה ׳בּ Hos 8:1; Hos 9:15 (compare ׳אֶרֶץ י Hos 9:3).

2. place, of Jerusalem בֵּית קִבְרוֺת אֲבֹתַי Neh 2:3 (|| עִיר vNeh 2:5), compare also proper name compounded with בֵּית, below, & בֵּית מַמְלָכָה Amos 7:13 (predicate of Bethel); בֵּית נְתִיבוֺת Prov 8:2 i.e. where paths meet RV; אֲבָנִים ׳בּ Job 8:17 on both these see בֵּית below [בַּיִן] בֵּין p. 108.

3. receptacle, תְּעָלָה כְּבֵית סָאתַיִם 1Kgs 18:32 a trench like a receptacle of two seahs; בָּֽתֵּי נֶפֶשׁ Isa 3:20 i.e. vials of perfume; especially בָּֽתִּים לְבַדִּים Exod 25:27 holders for the staves, i.e. rings, טַבָּעֹת ib.; so Exod 37:14; Exod 37:27; Exod 38:5 compare בָּֽתִּים לַבְּרִיחִם Exod 26:29; Exod 36:34 holders for the bars (all P, & all explained by טבעת); בֵּיתלָֿהּ סָבִיב Ezek 1:27 (si vera lectio) its [construct as Ps 58:5] house (= enclosing cage) was round about (strike out B Hi Co).

4. of house as containing a family, hence in phrase of slaves belonging to household יְלִידֵי בֵיתוֺ Gen 14:14 compare Gen 17:12 (opposed to מִקְנַתכֶּֿסֶף) vGen 17:13 (all || id.) figurative of Israel Jer 2:14 (|| עֶבֶד); compare בֶּןבֵּֿיתִי Gen 15:3 בְּנֵיבַֿיִת הָיָה לִי Eccl 2:7 (as token of wealth & prosperity); also of one's sister מוֺלֶדֶת בַּיִת Lev 18:19 (|| חוּץ ׳מ compare below); אַנְשֵׁי בֵיתוֺ Gen 17:27 ׳נַפְשׁוֺת בּ Gen 36:6 כָּלהַֿנֶּפֶשׁ לְבֵיתיַֿעֲקֹב Gen 46:27. Hence

5. household, family (592 t.)
a. ordinary sense, those belonging to the same household Gen 7:1; Gen 12:1; Gen 12:17 +, Deut 6:22; Deut 11:6 +; Hexateuch mostly J D; E Gen 35:2; Gen 42:33; Gen 50:22 compare Exod 1:21 below; P Gen 36:6; Exod 1:1; Exod 12:4; Lev 16:6; Lev 16:11; Lev 16:17; Num 16:32; Num 18:31; Josh 22:15 even where expressly said to inhabit tents Num 16:32; Deut 11:6 אֶתבָּֽֿתֵּיהֶם וְאֶתאָֿהֳלֵיהֶם; specifically ׳זְקַןבּֿ Gen 24:2 compare Gen 50:7 (of rank & dignity in household); of a family of handicraftsmen מִשְׁפְּחוֺת בֵּיתעֲֿבֹדַת הַבֻּץ 1Chr 4:21 (see בוץ); also, with figurative of house clearly in mind ׳מִשְׁקֹלֶת בּ 2Kgs 21:13 ׳מַפְתֵּחַ בּ Isa 22:22.
b. family of descendants, descendants as organized body Gen 18:19 (J || בָּנִים) +, & so with בָּנָה (q. v.) אחיו ׳יִבְנֶה בּ Deut 25:9 compare Ruth 4:11 &, subject ׳י, לְ ׳בָּנָה בּ 2Sam 7:27 = 1Chr 17:10; 1Chr 17:25 also 1Sam 2:35; 1Kgs 11:38 (both נֶאֱמָן ׳בּ), so לְ ׳עשׂה בּ 2Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 2:24 also plural וַיַּעַשׂ לָהֶם בָּֽתִּים Exod 1:21 נֶאֱמָן לְ ׳עשׂה ב 1Sam 25:28 compare especially with proper name, e.g.
c. בֵּית שָׁאוּל 2Sam 3:1 (twice in verse); 2Sam 3:6 (twice in verse); 2Sam 3:8; 2Sam 3:10; 2Sam 9:1; 2Sam 9:2; 2Sam 9:3; 2Sam 9:9; 2Sam 16:5 (׳שׁ ׳משׁפחת בּ) v2Sam 16:8; 2Sam 19:18 (compare 2Sam 21:1 where read וְאֶלֿ בֵּיתֹה דָמִים so ᵐ5 We Dr) 1Chr 12:29 בֵּית דָּוִד 2Sam 3:1; 2Sam 3:6; 2Sam 7:26 = 1Chr 17:24 (compare context in both), 1Kgs 12:19 = 2Chr 10:19, v2Chr 10:20 v2Chr 10:26; 2Chr 13:2; 2Chr 14:8; 2Kgs 17:21; Isa 7:2; Isa 7:13; Isa 22:22; Jer 21:12; Zech 12:7; Zech 12:8; Zech 12:10; Zech 12:12 (׳דּ ׳משׁפחת בּ) 2Chr 21:7; Ps 122:5 יָרָבְעָם ׳בּ 1Kgs 13:34; 1Kgs 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 14:13; 1Kgs 14:14; 1Kgs 15:29; 1Kgs 16:3; 1Kgs 21:22; 2Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 13:6 אַחְאָב ׳בּ 2Kgs 8:18; 2Kgs 8:27 (3 t. in verse) (of Ahaziah ׳א ׳חֲתַן בּ), 2Kgs 9:7; 2Kgs 9:8; 2Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 10:10; 2Kgs 10:11; 2Kgs 21:13; Mic 6:16; 2Chr 21:6; 2Chr 21:13; 2Chr 22:3; 2Chr 22:4; 2Chr 22:7; 2Chr 22:8 etc.
d. especially of Hebrew people & subdivisions: (α) בֵּית יִשְׂחָ֑ק Amos 7:16 (β) עֵשָׂו ׳בּ Obad 1:18 (twice in verse); (γ) בֵּית יַעֲקֹב Gen 46:27 (P) Exod 19:3 (E) Amos 3:13; Amos 9:8; Mic 2:7; Mic 3:9; Obad 1:17; Obad 1:18; Isa 8:17; Isa 10:20; Isa 14:1; Isa 29:22; Isa 46:3; Isa 48:1; Isa 58:1; Jer 2:4; Jer 5:20; Ps 114:1 also יעקב ׳זֶרַע בּ Ezek 20:5 (strike out Co); most frequently (δ) בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל (Vrss & variant reading sometimes בני see בֵּן) Hexateuch Exod 16:31; Exod 40:38; Lev 10:6; Num 20:29 (all P) Lev 17:3; Lev 17:8; Lev 17:10; Lev 22:18 (H) Josh 21:43 (D) ; 1Sam 7:2 + 8 t. Samuel Kings; Hos 1:4; Hos 1:6; Hos 5:1; Hos 6:10; Hos 12:1; Amos 5:1 + 7 t. Amos; Mic 1:5; Mic 3:1; Mic 3:9; Isa 5:7; Isa 14:2, also Isa 46:3; Isa 63:7; Zech 8:13 ; but especially Jer 2:4; Jer 2:26 + 17 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 3:1; Ezek 3:4; Ezek 3:5; Ezek 3:7 (twice in verse); Ezek 3:17 + 75 t. Ezekiel; also יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳זֶרַע בּ Jer 23:8; Ezek 44:22 (Co strike out ׳בּ); שְׁנֵי בָֽתֵּי יִשְׂרָאֵל Isa 8:14 בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל וִיהוּדָה Ezek 9:9 + Ezek 25:8 Co; futher בֵּית מְרִי rebellious house (of Israel) Ezek 2:5; Ezek 2:6; Ezek 3:9; Ezek 3:26; Ezek 3:27; Ezek 12:2; Ezek 12:3, & הַמֶּ֑רִי ׳בּ Ezek 2:8; Ezek 12:2; Ezek 12:9; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 17:12; Ezek 24:3 [+ Ezek 44:6 Co]; (ε) בֵּית יְהוּדָה 2Sam 2:4; 2Sam 2:7; 2Sam 2:10; 2Sam 2:11; 1Kgs 12:21 = 2Chr 11:1; 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31; Isa 22:21; Hos 1:7; Hos 5:12; Hos 5:14; Zeph 2:7; Zech 8:13; Zech 8:15; Zech 8:19; Zech 10:3; Zech 10:6; Zech 12:4, & especially Jer 3:18 + 9 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 4:6 + 4 t. Ezekiel + Ezek 9:9 above; also יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִן ׳בּ 1Kgs 12:23 מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה ׳בּ Jer 21:11; Jer 22:6 (ζ) יוֺסֵף ׳בּ Gen 50:8; Josh 17:17; Josh 18:5 (all J E) Judg 1:22; Judg 1:23; Judg 1:35; 2Sam 19:21; 1Kgs 11:28; Amos 5:6; Obad 1:18; Zech 10:6 (η) אֶפְרַיִם ׳בּ Judg 10:9 (θ) בִּנְיָמִן ׳בּ 2Sam 3:19 compare 1Kgs 12:23 above; (ι) יִשָּׂשכָר ׳בּ 1Kgs 15:27 (κ) לֵוִי ׳בּ Exod 2:1 (E) Num 17:23 (P) Zech 12:13 (׳ל ׳משׁפחת ב), Ps 135:20 & (λ) אַהֲרֹן ׳בּ Ps 115:10; Ps 115:12; Ps 118:3; Ps 135:19.
e. technically, yet with some looseness of usage, בֵּית אָב father's house, of family or clan, plural בֵּית אָבוֺת father-houses, families (e.g. Num 1:2) (79 t.; only P & Chronicles) Exod 6:14; Exod 12:3; Num 1:2; Num 1:4; Num 1:18 + 41 t. Numbers; Josh 22:14 (twice in verse); 1Chr 4:38; 1Chr 5:13 + 25 t. Chronicles; Ezra 2:59; Ezra 10:16; Neh 7:61; Neh 10:35 = tribe Num 17:17 (twice in verse); Num 17:18; Num 17:21 = main division of tribe Num 3:20; Num 3:24 +, compare Num 34:14 (twice in verse) etc.; futher sub-division Exod 12:3; 1Chr 7:2; 1Chr 7:7 +; compare especially 1Chr 23:11 Jeush and Beriah had not many sons, therefore they became לְבֵית אָב לִפְקֻדָּה אֶחָ֑ת (compare ראשׁי אבות, below אב).

6. house, including household affairs, persons, property, etc. וַיַּפְקִדֵהוּ עַלבֵּֿיתוֺ Gen 39:4 compare בְּבֵיתוֺ vGen 39:5 אֲשֶׁר עַלבֵּֿיתוֺ Gen 44:1; Gen 44:4 hence אשׁר על הבית as title of governor of the palace (Ew^{H iii. 269}) Isa 22:15; Isa 36:3 compare 1Kgs 4:6; 2Kgs 15:5 in Israel 1Kgs 16:9; 1Kgs 18:3; 2Kgs 10:5: further 2Sam 17:23; 2Kgs 20:1 = Isa 38:1 hence of personal property 1Kgs 13:8 אִםתִּֿתֶּןלִֿי אֶתחֲֿצִי בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ; family and property (everything on which one depends) Job 8:15.

7. בַּ֫יְתָה, בָּ֑יְתָה, literally housewards, hence metaphor inwards, Exod 28:26 = Exod 39:19 (that is, of the ephod), 1Kgs 7:25 = 2Chr 4:4 (that is, of the circle of oxen supporting the molten sea); 2Sam 5:9 מִןהַֿמִּלּוֺא וָבָ֑יְתָה from the Millo and inward, Ezek 44:17.

8. מִבַּיִת
a. adverb on the inside (of a building, chest, etc.: opposed to מִחוּץ) Gen 6:14; Exod 25:11 = Exod 37:2; Lev 14:41; 1Kgs 6:15; 1Kgs 6:16; 1Kgs 7:9; 2Kgs 6:30 (of a person's clothes); Ezek 7:15 so with ה locative מִבֲַּ֫יְתָה 1Kgs 6:15
b. מִבֵּית לְ (construct Ges^{«GKC:130»§ 130}, 1 n.) preposition within (opposed to מִחוּץ לְ), מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת within the veil Exod 26:33; Lev 16:2; Lev 16:12; Num 18:7 לְכָלדְּֿבַר הַמִּזִבֵּחַ וּלְמִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת for everything of the altar, and for (that) within the veil; 1Kgs 7:8; 1Kgs 7:31 (read לַכְּתֵפֹת; see VB & Sta^{ZAW 1883, 165}); אֶלמִֿבֵּית לְ (after a verb of motion) in within Lev 16:15; 2Kgs 11:15 = 2Chr 23:14.Note. — בית perhaps occurs abbreviated into בּ in proper name בְּעֶשְׁתְּרָה q. v. so Thes and others; compare also Aramaic בא = בית in like usage Lag^{Armen. Stud. § 339; Se i. 51; GGA 1884, 276}.

**On בְּ as abbreviated בית see Wetzst^{Hauran 110} Kampffmeyer^{ZPV xv (1892). 111}.

BDB1058 H1004 H1588

בֵּית הַגָּן proper name, of a location? ᵐ5 Βαιθαν (Βαιατγαν), ᵐ5^L Βαιθωρων, 2Kgs 9:27 modern Jenîn? see גַּן, below גנן, and עֵין גַּנִּים; compare Sta^{Gesch i. 542}.

BDB4007 H3608 H1004

כֶּ֫לֶא noun [masculine] confinement, restraint, imprisonment; — absolute ׳כ 1Kgs 22:27 + 6 t.; suffix כִּלְאוֺ 2Kgs 25:29; Jer 52:33 plural כְּלָאִים Isa 42:22 — confinement, in combination ׳בֵּית (ה)כ (compare Assyrian bit kili, prison, Dl^{HWB 328}) 1Kgs 22:27 = 2Chr 18:26; 2Kgs 17:4; Jer 37:15; Jer 37:18; Isa 42:7 בָּֽתֵּי כְלָאִים vIsa 42:22 (compare בַּיִת 1 (ε) (2) p. 109 above; see also כלוא below); בִּנְדֵי כִלְאוֺ 2Kgs 25:29 = Jer 52:33 garments of imprisonment = prison-garb.

BDB4008 H1004 H3628

כלוא Kt, כְּלִיא Qr noun [masculine] id.; — ׳בֵּית הַכּ Jer 37:4; Jer 52:31 (see כֶּלֶא above)

BDB9372 H1004 H1005

[בַּ֫יִת]₄₄ noun masculine^{Ezra 6:7} house (Biblical Hebrew בַּ֫יִת); — emphatic בַּיְתָ֫א Ezra 5:3 +, תָ֫ה- Ezra 5:12; Ezra 6:15 construct בֵּית(ֿׅ Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:2 +; suffix בַּיְתִי Dan 4:1 (Baer^n., compare M^{§ 76 c}; van d. H. Gi בֵּיתִי), בַּיְהֵתּ Dan 2:17 +; plural suffix בָּֽתֵּיכוֺן Dan 2:5 —

1. house, of men : Ezra 6:11 (twice in verse); Dan 2:5; Dan 2:17; Dan 3:29; Dan 6:11 of king Ezra 6:4; Dan 4:4, מִשְׁתְּיָא ׳ב Dan 5:10, גִּנְוַיָא דִּי מִלְכָּא ׳ב Ezra 5:17, compare Ezra 7:20 = ׳סִפְרַיָא וגו ׳ב Ezra 6:1 מִלְכוּ ׳ב Ezra 4:30 royal residence (of Babylonian ).

2. house of God, temple at Jerusalem Dan 5:3; Dan 5:23; Ezra 4:24 + 28 t. Ezra.

house, houses, household, home, within, …

bayit

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

house

house, dwelling habitation

those belonging to the same household

אַבְרָהָ֑ם

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Abrahams")

Dictionary form: אַבְרָהָם · ab-raw-HAWM

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: abrahams

abraham ×105 of abraham ×22 abrahams ×12 unto abraham ×11 and abraham ×7 to abraham ×5 and abrahams ×1 but abraham ×1

More options

Abraham — Standard modern spelling; use in nearly all contexts.

Abram — Use only before the name change in Gen 17.

Abraham's — Possessive form; for attributive or genitive constructions.

BDB38 H87 H85

אַבְרָם proper name, masculine (id., Thes and others exalted father) Abram Gen 11:26; Gen 11:27 + 57 t. Genesis (to Gen 17:5) + 1Chr 1:27; Neh 9:7 = אַבְרָהָם Abraham Gen 17:5; Gen 17:9; Gen 17:15 + 172 t. OT. (אברהם connected Gen 17:5 by word-play with הם of המון; really = רום ֯ אברם = רהם which however is not found in Hebrew — compare Di > Hal^{RÉJ 1887, 177 f} who proposes אֲבִר הַם גּוֺיִם compare Gen 49:21 with Isa 41:21 so that אֲבִר הָם chief of multitude is the new name of Gen 17:5 (הָם) √ המה). Spiegelb^{Randglossen 14} compare Palestinian proper name geography µ‡r° °brru = חקל אברם (compage Egyptian article masculine), in Sheshonk list. As regards etymology, Nö^l.c. and others explained as 'the father [a divine title] is exalted' (compare יְהוֺרָם, מַלְכִּירָם, חִירָם[אֲ]).

abraham, abrahams

ʾabrāhām

father of a multitude, chief of multitude

Abraham, the later name of Abram

friend of God and founder of Hebrew nation via God's elective covenant

וַ יָּ֜מָל

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יָּ֜מָל

Root word circumcised, circumcise, destroy, down, needs, …

Dictionary form: מוּל · mool

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and circumcised

circumcised ×6 be circumcised ×4 and circumcised ×3 shall be circumcised ×3 i will destroy them ×2 when he was circumcised ×2 and circumcise ×1 are circumcised ×1

More options

circumcise — Core meaning; use for the ritual cutting action.

perform circumcision — Formal or liturgical contexts; emphasizes the rite.

be circumcised — Passive sense; when subject undergoes the rite.

cut down — Figurative destruction; use for enemies or vegetation.

cut off — Vivid removal or destruction; broader figurative range.

destroy — Strong sense of ruin; rare usage, high-intensity contexts.

BDB4547 H4135

II. [מוּל] verb circumcise (Late Hebrew id.; ᵑ7 מוּל

**but only seemingly in the dubious passages (see III. [מָלַל] and Commentaries) Job 14:2; Job 18:16; Job 24:24 [MS Levy], Ps 37:2; Ps 90:6. cut off (grass, etc.: only for III. מָלַל, q. v. ); compare Late Hebrew מָהַל, Aramaic מְהַל, according to Thes Nö^{ZMG xi. 1886, 741} Ba^{ib. xii. 1887, 626} see also מהלabove); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singularמָל Josh 5:4 + 2 t.; 2 masculine singular מַלְתָּה Exod 12:44 3 masculine plural מָ֫לוּ Josh 5:5; Josh 5:7 2 masculine plural מַלְתֶּם Deut 10:16 Imperfect וַיָּ֫֫מָל Gen 17:23 + 2 t.; Imperative מֹל Josh 5:2 Passive participle מוּל Jer 9:24 plural מֻלִים Josh 5:5 — circumcise, with accusative בשׂר ערלה (flesh of foreskin) Gen 17:23 (P), accusativepers. Gen 21:4; Exod 12:44 (P), Josh 5:2; Josh 5:3 (J), vJosh 5:4 vJosh 5:5 vJosh 5:7 vJosh 5:7 (D); figurative ערלת לבב (foreskin of the heart) Deut 10:16 לבב Deut 30:6 pass, מוּל בערלה Jer 9:24 מֻלִים Josh 5:5 (D). Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִמּוֺל (Ges^{«GKC:72»§ 72}, R. 9) Gen 17:26 3 masculine plural נִמֹּ֫לוּ Gen 17:27 2 masculine plural וֹּנְמִלְתֶּם (consecutive) Gen 17:11 (for וּנְמַלֹּתֶם √ מלל Ew^{§ 234}; e. Ges^{«GKC:67»§ 67}, R.11; but Bö^{1146B for} וּנְמוֺלֹתֶם); Imperfect יִמּוֺל Gen 17:12 + 3 t.; 3 masculine plural וַיִּמֹּ֫לוּ Gen 34:24 Imperative הִמֹּ֑לוּ Jer 4:4 Infinitive הִמּוֺל Gen 17:10 + 5 t.; הִמֹּל Gen 34:15 suffix הִמֹּ֫לוֺ Gen 17:24; Gen 17:25 Participle plural נִמֹּלִים Gen 34:22 — be circumcised, of בשׂר ערלה Gen 17:14; Gen 17:24; Gen 17:25; Lev 12:3 elsewhere of person Gen 17:10 (twice in verse); Gen 17:12; Gen 17:13 (twice in verse); Gen 17:26; Gen 17:27; Gen 34:15; Gen 34:17; Gen 34:22; Gen 34:24; Exod 12:48 (P), Josh 5:8 (J): reflexive ׳הִמֹּלוּ לי Jer 4:4 circumcise yourselves to Yahweh (and take away the foreskin of your heart). Hiph`il Imperfect 3 masculine plural כי אֲמִילִ֑ם ׳בשׁם י Ps 118:10; Ps 118:11; Ps 118:12 in the name of ׳י, yea I will make them to be circumcised (enemies, by force of arms; but De cut to pieces (from מוּל = מָלַל), Che mow, Bae annihilate (?), ᵐ5 Aq ἠμυνάμην, Symm διέθρυψα, Jerome ultus sum eas). Hithpa`el Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִתְמֹלָ֑לוּ Ps 58:8 be cut off, of arrows, i.e. made blunt.

circumcised, circumcise, destroy, down, needs, …

mûl

to cut short, i.e., curtail (specifically the prepuce, i.e., to circumcise); by implication, to blunt; figuratively, to destroy

to circumcise, let oneself be circumcised, cut, be cut off

(Qal) to circumcise

of destruction (figuratively)

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

בְּשַׂ֣ר

Root word flesh, kin, body, myself, nakedness, …

Dictionary form: בָּשָׂר · baw-SAWR

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: the flesh

flesh ×74 the flesh ×34 his flesh ×24 of the flesh ×9 of his flesh ×8 and the flesh ×7 my flesh ×7 of flesh ×7

More options

flesh — Modernized KJV form; still natural in most contexts.

body — Prefer when emphasizing physical human form.

skin — Best for outer bodily surface or nakedness contexts.

meat — Use when referring to animal flesh as food.

kin — Use for relational 'bone and flesh' kinship expressions.

mortal being — Best for 'all flesh' as humanity or living creatures.

BDB1368 H1320

בָּשָׂר₂₆₆ noun masculine flesh (compare Arabic skin, Syriac , Assyrian bišru, blood-relation, Dl^{Assyrian Stud. i. 143, compare Pr. 170}, Sabean בשר תורם flesh of bulls) — Gen 2:21 + 126 t.; construct בְּשַׂר Gen 17:11 + 40 t.; suffix בּשָׂרִי etc. Ps 16:9 + 96 t.; plural בְּשָׂרִים Prov 14:30 —

1. of the body:
a. of animals Gen 41:2-19; Exod 21:28; Exod 22:30; Num 12:12 (E) Num 11:4-33 (JE) Gen 9:4 + (P 30 t.) Deut 12:15 + (D 9 t.) Judg 6:19-21; 1Sam 2:13; 1Sam 2:15; 1Kgs 17:6; 1Kgs 19:21; Job 31:31; Job 41:15; Ps 50:13; Prov 23:20; Isa 22:13; Isa 44:16; Isa 44:19; Isa 65:4; Isa 66:17; Jer 7:21; Jer 11:15; Ezek 4:14 + 6 t. Dan 10:3; Hos 8:13; Mic 3:3; Hag 2:12; Zech 11:9; Zech 11:16.
b. of men Gen 40:19 (E) Gen 2:21; Exod 4:7 (J) Lev 12:3; Lev 13:2 + 16 t. Lev 26:29 (P) Deut 28:53; Deut 28:55; Deut 32:42; Judg 8:7; 1Sam 17:44; 1Kgs 4:34; 1Kgs 5:10; 1Kgs 5:14; 1Kgs 6:30; 1Kgs 9:36; Job 2:5; Job 4:15; Job 6:12; Job 7:5; Job 10:11; Job 13:14; Job 19:20; Job 19:22; Job 21:6; Job 33:21; Job 33:25; Ps 27:2; Ps 38:4; Ps 38:8; Ps 79:2; Ps 102:6; Ps 109:24; Prov 4:22; Prov 5:11; Isa 9:19; Isa 17:4; Isa 49:26; Isa 37:6; Isa 37:8; Isa 39:17; Isa 39:18; . The flesh of the body is contrasted with stone Ezek 11:19; Ezek 36:26.

2. flesh for the body itself (especially in P): על בשׂר אדם לא ייסך upon the body of man it shall not be poured Exod 30:32 (P); מכנסי בד ילבשׁ על בשׂרו linen drawers shall he put on his body Lev 6:3; Lev 16:4 (P); וישׂם שׂק על בשׂרו 1Kgs 2:27; ורחץ את בשׂרו and he shall bath his body Lev 14:9; Lev 15:13; Lev 15:16; Lev 16:24; Lev 16:26; Lev 16:28; Lev 17:16; Lev 22:6; Num 19:7; Num 19:8 (P); שׂרט לנפשׁ לא תתנו בכשׂרכם ye shall not put any cutting for any one in your body Lev 19:28 compare Lev 21:5 (P); והעבירו תער על כל בשׂרם and they shall pass a razor over all their body Num 8:7 (P). Ecclesiastes uses בשׂר only in this sense Eccl 2:3; Eccl 4:5; Eccl 5:5; Eccl 11:10; Eccl 12:12 elsewhere this usage only in poetry; the body antithetical to נפשׁ Job 14:22; Isa 10:18; Ps 63:2 לב Ps 16:9; Ps 84:3; Prov 14:30 (only here emphatic plural = entire body Bö^{§ 695}, Leiblichkeit De); מִבְּשָׂרִי apart from my body, in disembodied state Job 19:26 סמר מפחדך בשׂרי my body trembleth for fear of thee Ps 119:120.

3. make organ of generation (euphemism): בְּשַׂר עָרְלַתְכֶם Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; Gen 17:23; Gen 17:24; Gen 17:25 (P); בשׂר ערוה Exod 28:42 (P), but בשׂר Gen 17:14; Lev 15:2-19 (P) Ezek 16:26; Ezek 23:20; Ezek 44:7; Ezek 44:9.

4. flesh for kindred, blood-relations: עצם מעצמי ובשׂר מבשׂרי bone of my bone and flesh of my flesh Gen 2:23 (J); והיו לבשׂר אחד and they shall become one flesh Gen 2:24 (J); עצמי ובשׂרי Gen 29:14 (J) Judg 9:2; 2Sam 5:1; 2Sam 19:13; 2Sam 19:14; 1Chr 11:1 בשׂר with suffix in same sense Gen 37:27 (J) Neh 5:5; Isa 58:7, for which שְׁאֵר בשׂרו near of kin, man or woman Lev 18:6; Lev 25:49 (both H; Lev 25:49 || מִשְׁפָּחָה, compare RS_k¹⁴⁹).

5. man over against God as frail or erring Gen 6:3 (J) Ps 56:5; Ps 78:39 eyes of flesh Job 10:4 arm of flesh 2Chr 32:8; Jer 17:5 horses are flesh not spirit Isa 31:3

6. the phrase ׃כָּלבָּֿשָׂר
a. all living beings Gen 6:17; Gen 6:19; Gen 7:21; Gen 9:11; Gen 9:15; Gen 9:16; Gen 9:17; Lev 17:14; Num 18:15 (P) Job 34:15; Ps 136:25.
b. animals Gen 7:15; Gen 7:16; Gen 8:17 (P).
c. mankind Gen 6:12; Gen 6:18; Num 16:22; Num 27:16 (P) Deut 5:28; Ps 65:3; Ps 145:21; Isa 40:5; Isa 40:6; Isa 49:26; Isa 66:16; Isa 66:23; Isa 66:24; Jer 12:12; Jer 25:31; Jer 32:27; Jer 45:5; Ezek 21:4; Ezek 21:9; Ezek 21:10; Joel 3:1; Zech 2:17 compare כל בשׂר אישׁ Job 12:10.

BDB7797 H7307 H5315 H3824 H1320 H3820

רוּחַ₃₇₈ noun feminine^{Gen 41:8} (less often masculine^{Exod 10:13} +) breath, wind, spirit; — absolute ׳ר Gen 8:1 +, ר֑וּחָה Jer 52:23 construct רוּחַ Gen 6:17 +; suffix רוּחִי vGen 6:3 +, רוּחֲךָ Ps 104:30 +, etc.; plural רוּחוֺת vPs 104:4 +, רֻחוֺת Jer 49:36, רוּחֹת Num 16:22; Num 26:16 (see Br^{רוח in O.T., JBL xix (1900), 132 ff.}, full statement of all passages); —

1. breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.):
a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15:30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19:17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Lam 4:20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10:14 = Jer 51:17, Hab 2:19; Ps 135:17 compare Job 9:18.
b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16:3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6:26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5:13.
c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםPs 33:6, compare Isa 34:16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Isa 11:4.
d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4:9; Exod 15:8 (poem), 2Sam 22:16 = Ps 18:16; Isa 30:28; Isa 59:19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Isa 25:4.
e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life Gen 6:17; Gen 7:15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו Gen 7:22 (P); Ezek 37:5, compare vEzek 37:6 vEzek 37:8 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:10 vEzek 37:14 (breath or spirit), Eccl 3:19.

2. wind (117 t.):
a. wind of heaven: Gen 8:1 (P) Exod 15:10 (E) Num 11:31 (J) 1Kgs 18:45 +, Jer 10:13, thence Jer 51:16; Ps 135:7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13:15; Isa 40:7, compare Job 26:13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind Exod 10:13 (twice in verse); Exod 14:21 (J) Ps 48:8; Jer 18:17; Ezek 17:10; Ezek 19:12; Ezek 27:26; Jonah 4:8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Prov 25:23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) Exod 10:19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind Gen 3:8 (J; compare Song 2:17; Song 4:6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49:36; Ezek 37:9 (quarters?) Dan 8:8; Dan 11:4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zech 2:10; Zech 6:5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Ps 107:25; Ps 148:8; Ezek 1:4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezek 13:11; Ezek 13:13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Ps 55:9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Isa 11:15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2Sam 22:11 = Ps 18:11; Ps 104:3, compare Hos 4:19; Ps 104:4.
b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezek 42:16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzek 42:17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzek 42:18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzek 42:19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzek 42:20; 1Chr 9:24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52:23 on the sides.
c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14:6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41:8.
d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Isa 26:18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Isa 33:11 (Du, 3 c).
e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7:7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15:2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Isa 41:29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 2:26; Eccl 4:4; Eccl 4:6; Eccl 6:9 compare Eccl 1:17; Eccl 4:16; Eccl 5:15.

3. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):
a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1Kgs 10:5 = 2Chr 9:4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1Kgs 21:5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ Gen 45:27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Judg 15:19; 1Sam 30:12.
b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Josh 5:1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Ps 76:13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Isa 19:3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Ps 77:4; Ps 142:4; Ps 143:4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Josh 2:11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Prov 18:14.
c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Judg 9:23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Judg 8:3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Prov 16:32, compare Prov 25:28; Prov 29:11; Job 15:13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zech 6:8; Eccl 7:9; Eccl 10:4.
d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ Exod 6:9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mic 2:7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Prov 14:29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32:18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32:8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21:4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mic 2:7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Eccl 7:8.
e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled Gen 41:8 (E) Dan 2:3, compare vDan 2:1 מֹרַת רוּחַ Gen 26:35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Isa 54:6, compare Ezek 3:14; Job 6:4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezek 21:12, compare Isa 61:3; Prov 15:4; Prov 15:13; Prov 17:22; Prov 18:14; Ps 143:7.
g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1Chr 5:26 (twice in verse); 2Chr 21:16; 2Chr 36:22; Ezra 1:1; Ezra 1:5; Jer 51:11; Hag 1:14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2Kgs 19:7 = Isa 37:7; Num 14:24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2:15 (twice in verse); Mal 2:16; Deut 2:30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition Num 5:14 (twice in verse); Num 5:30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4:12; Hos 5:4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםIsa 19:14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Isa 28:6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) Gen 41:38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Prov 17:27.
h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹNum 27:18 (P; or g, as Gen 41:38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2Kgs 2:15, compare v2Kgs 2:9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare Gen 2:21; Gen 15:12, but Di and others g, as Isa 19:14) Isa 29:10; Mic 2:11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zech 13:2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezek 13:3.

4. spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, || נֶפֶשׁ (25 t.):
a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zech 12:1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27:3, compare Isa 42:5.
b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10:12, compare Job 12:10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר Num 16:22; Num 27:16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Prov 16:2.
c. it is therefore God's spirit: Gen 6:3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
d. it departs at death: Ps 78:39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Isa 38:16 (Di principle of life), Ps 146:4 especially Ps 104:29; Ps 104:30; Job 17:1; Job 34:14 (compare vJob 34:15), Isa 57:16; Eccl 8:8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Eccl 11:5, compare Eccl 3:21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Eccl 12:7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Ps 31:6.
e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4:15.

5. spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:
a. desire (possibly 3 g), Isa 26:9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7:11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1Sam 1:15 see קָשֶׁה.

6. occasionally, (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, || לֵב, or synonym with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה Exod 28:3; Deut 34:9 (both P; probably 3 g); תּעֵי רוּחַ Isa 29:24, compare Job 20:3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job's words), Ps 77:7 (ᵐ5 Symm ᵑ6 Jerome troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Isa 40:13 come into mind (compare לֵב Isa 65:17; Jer 3:16 +); 1Chr 28:12.

7. rarely of the will; also = רוּחַ נָכוֺן לֵב Ps 51:12 (= לֵב נָכוֺן Ps 57:8 (twice in verse) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה vPs 51:14 נָָֽדְבָה רוּחוֺ Exod 35:21 (P; compare נְדִיב לֵב Exod 35:5; Exod 35:22 (P) 2Chr 29:31).

8. רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = ׃לֵב רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁהEzek 11:19; Ezek 18:31; Ezek 36:26 רוּחִי vEzek 36:27; Isa 59:21 (רוּחִי, || דְּבָרַי; but probably prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ezek 18:31; Ezek 36:26 נְכֵה רוּחַ Isa 66:2 דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Ps 34:19 (compare לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Isa 57:15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Isa 65:14 (compare 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרֶה Ps 51:19 (|| לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, compare נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Ps 34:19; Isa 61:1); Ps 32:2; Prov 11:13; Prov 16:18; Ps 78:8; Eccl 7:8 (compare גְּבַהּלֵב Prov 16:5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Prov 16:19; Prov 29:23; Isa 57:15 רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים vIsa 57:15 (compare 3 f).

9. spirit of God (94 t.; not D or Jeremiah or any Deuteronomic writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy probably discredited from abuse by false prophets, see נביא, נבא):
a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, Num 11:17; Num 11:25 (twice in verse); Num 11:26; Num 11:29 (J), 1Sam 10:6; 1Sam 10:10 (compare v1Sam 10:5), 1Sam 19:20; 1Sam 19:23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1Sam 16:15 (twice in verse); 1Sam 16:16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1Sam 16:14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1Sam 18:10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1Sam 19:9 ׳א ׳ר 1Sam 16:23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1Sam 16:23, compare הָרוּחַ 1Kgs 22:21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1Kgs 22:22 v1Kgs 22:23 = 2Chr 18:20; 2Chr 18:21; 2Chr 18:22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1Kgs 22:24 = 2Chr 18:23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9:7 ׳רוּחַ י Mic 3:8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Isa 30:1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezek 2:2; Ezek 3:12; Ezek 3:14; Ezek 3:24; Ezek 8:3; Ezek 11:1; Ezek 11:5; Ezek 11:24 (Co gloss), Ezek 37:1; Ezek 43:5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1Kgs 18:12; 2Kgs 2:16.
b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably Num 24:2; 2Sam 23:2; 1Chr 12:18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2Chr 15:1; 2Chr 20:14; 2Chr 24:20 distinctly in Isa², Isa 48:16, compare Isa 61:1 so of ancient prophets, Zech 7:12; Neh 9:30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3:1; Joel 3:2.
c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Judg 3:10; Judg 11:29, compare Judg 6:34; Judg 13:25; Judg 14:6; Judg 14:19; Judg 15:14; 1Sam 11:6; 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 16:14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Isa 32:15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Isa 11:2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Isa 42:1.
d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill Exod 31:3; Exod 35:31 (P); understanding Job 32:8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Prov 1:23.
e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Gen 1:2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33:4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Isa 31:3 in cherubic chariot: Ezek 1:12, compare vEzek 1:20 vEzek 1:21; Ezek 10:17 reviving Israel Ezek 39:29; Zech 12:10; Isa 44:3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Isa 63:10; Isa 63:11 = ׳י ׳ר vIsa 63:14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vIsa 63:9), compare Ps 106:33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Ps 51:13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9:20; Ps 143:10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2:5; Zech 4:6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Ps 139:7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vPs 139:8).

flesh, kin, body, myself, nakedness, …

bāśār

flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man

flesh

of the body

of humans

עָרְלָתָ ֗ם

עָרְלָתָ

Root word foreskin, foreskins, uncircumcised

֗ם

Suffix — pronoun their / them

Dictionary form: עׇרְלָה · ore-LAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of their foreskin

of his foreskin ×4 foreskins ×2 the foreskin ×2 of the foreskins ×1 of their foreskin ×1 of your foreskin ×1 the foreskins ×1 their foreskins ×1

More options

foreskin — Standard anatomical term; best for literal, medical contexts.

uncircumcised flesh — Clarifies physical state; useful in purity or ritual contexts.

uncircumcision — Abstract noun; suits theological or covenantal discussions.

prepuce — Clinical/formal register; avoids ambiguity in technical passages.

that which is uncircumcised — Paraphrastic; good when the state matters more than anatomy.

BDB6388 H6190

עָרְלָה₁₆ noun feminine foreskin; — ׳ע Gen 34:14; Jer 9:24 construct עָרְלַת Exod 4:25; Deut 10:16, etc.; plural הָעֲרָלוֺת (not ׳ֳ) Josh 5:3 (Kö^{ii. 1, 158}); construct עָרְלוֺת Jer 4:4 + 2 t.; עָרְלֹתֵיהֶם 1Sam 18:27 — foreskin 1Sam 18:25; 1Sam 18:27; 2Sam 3:14, compare נִּבְעַת הָעֲרָלוֺם Josh 5:3 hill of the foreskins, near Gilgal; of circumcision, ׳כרת ע Exod 4:25 (J), ׳בְּשַׂר ע Gen 17:11 + 5 t. P (see II. מוּל), אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר ׳לוֺ ע Gen 34:14 (P), i.e. one uncircumcised; compare Jer 9:24 figurative of fruit trees, עָרְלָתוֺ Lev 19:23 (P; see [ עָרַל]; figurative of heart, לבב ׳ע Deut 10:16; Jer 4:4.

foreskin, foreskins, uncircumcised

ʿorlâ

the prepuce

foreskin, uncircumcised

בְּ עֶ֙צֶם֙

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

עֶ֙צֶם֙

Root word bones, bone, selfsame, same, body, …

Dictionary form: עֶצֶם · eh-TSEM

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: in selfsame

the bones ×15 my bones ×14 and the bones ×8 bones ×8 their bones ×7 his bones ×5 same ×5 bone ×3

More options

bone — Core anatomical meaning; default choice in most contexts.

body — Use when referring to the whole physical self or corpse.

very (same) — Idiomatic emphatic sense, e.g. 'that very day'.

essence — Captures the 'core/self' nuance in poetic or abstract passages.

self — Useful for identity or reflexive emphasis in narrative prose.

strength — Metaphorical register; prefer in poetic imagery of vitality.

BDB6294 H6106

I. עֶ֫צֶם₁₂₅ noun feminine^{Ps 35:10} (with pronoun masculine Ezek 37:5; Ezek 37:6 etc., compare Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896). 73}) bone, substance, self; — absolute ׳י Gen 2:23 +; עָ֑צֶם; Prov 15:30; Prov 16:24 construct עֶצֶם Exod 24:10 +; suffix עַצְמִי Job 19:20 +, etc.; plural עֲצָמוֺת 2Kgs 23:16 +; construct עַצְמוֺת Josh 24:22 +; suffix עַצְמֹתַי Job 4:14 +, etc.; also עֲצָמִים Ezek 24:4 +, suffix עֲצָמַי Gen 2:23 +, etc.; —

1. bone:
a. of living person Mic 3:2; Mic 3:3 (hyperbole), Job 10:11; Job 19:20; Lam 4:8; Ps 102:6; Eccl 11:5 +; figurative of close relationship עֶצָם מֵעֲצָמַי Gen 2:23, compare Gen 29:14 (both J), Judg 9:2; 2Sam 5:1 = 1Chr 11:1; 2Sam 19:13; 2Sam 19:14 (all + בָּשָׂר).
b. ׳ע + בָּשָׂר = body, Job 2:5, plural = bodily frame Jer 20:9 (simile), limbs, members, לַעֲצָמֶיהָ Judg 9:29 i.e. limb by limb (GFM); as seat of vigour Job 20:11, etc.
c. (poetry) as seat of disease and pain Job 30:17; Job 30:30 and (especially of personified Israel) Ps 22:15; Ps 31:11; Ps 102:4; Lam 1:13; Hab 3:16 +.
d. plural as representing entire person = one's whole being, (especially of personified Israel) Ps 6:3 (|| נֶפֶשׁ vPs 6:4), Ps 35:10 (|| נֶפֶשׁ vPs 35:9), Isa 66:14 of individual (including physical and moral) Prov 3:8; Prov 14:30; Prov 15:30; Prov 16:24.
e. singular = external body Lam 4:7 Ew Th and others, but dubious; Bi Bu bones (= branches) of coral (פְּנִינִים); Löhr עוֺרָם their skin. feminine especially of dead Num 19:16; Num 19:18 (P), Ezek 37:1 +; often (plural) = remains Amos 6:10; Gen 50:25; Exod 13:19 (twice in verse); Josh 24:32 (all E) +.

2. bone of animal Exod 12:46; Num 9:12 (both P); Ezek 24:4; Ezek 24:5 (symbolic); of (living) hippopotamus Job 40:18.

3. singular substance, self (compare גֶּרֶם 3): הַשָּׁמַיִם ׳כְּע Exod 24:10 (JE), like the substance of the sky = the sky itself; תֻּמּוֺ ׳בְּע Job 21:23 i.e. full prosperity; especially ׳אֶתעֿ הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה Ezek 24:2 this selfsame day, ׳וגו ׳בְּע Ezek 24:2; Ezek 40:1; Gen 7:13; Gen 17:23; Gen 17:26; Exod 12:17; Exod 12:41; Exod 12:51; Lev 23:21; Lev 23:28; Lev 23:29; Lev 23:30; Deut 32:48; Josh 5:11 (all P), ׳וגו ׳עַדעֿ Ezek 2:3; Lev 23:14 (P), Josh 10:27 (R). — Ezek 24:5a read הָעֵצִים (Bö Ew and others); vEzek 24:10 strike out הָעֲצָמוֺת (Co Toy); Job 7:15 read מֵעַצְּבוֺתָ֑י (Reiske Me Bu Du and others); Ps 53:6 read perhaps מֵעֲצַת (compare || Ps 14:6 Bae; see Hup Che and others); Ps 69:5 read מֵעַצְמוֺתַי (for ᵑ0 מַצְמִיתַי), ᵑ6 Ol Che Bae and others

bones, bone, selfsame, same, body, …

ʿeṣem

a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e., (as pron.) selfsame

bone, essence, substance

bone

body, limbs, members, external body

הַ יּ֣וֹם

הַ

Prefix — article the

יּ֣וֹם

Root word day, days, time, daily, ever, …

Dictionary form: יוֹם · yome

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: day

day ×665 days ×303 the days ×109 in the day ×104 the day ×93 this day ×84 to day ×39 in the days ×38

More options

day — Default rendering; fits most singular, literal contexts.

days — Use for plural forms or extended periods.

time — Prefer when yom signals an era or occasion, not a calendar day.

today — Modernizes KJV 'to day / this day' in direct speech.

season — Use when the context implies a set or appointed period.

lifetime — Suits biographical or lifespan contexts; replaces 'all the days of his life'.

BDB3494 H3117

יוֺם₂₂₈₅ noun masculine^{Gen 1:5} day (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic יומָא, ; Phoenician ים; MI⁵ ימן, suffix ימי Gen 1:6; Gen 1:9; Gen 1:33, plural construct ימי Gen 1:8, suffix 3 masculine singular ימה; SI³ ים; Zinjirli יום DHM^{Sendsch Gloss}; Plam. יום Vog^{No. 123a, Oxon. iii}.; Arabic ; Ethiopic Sabean יום, ים Mordt^{ZMG 1876, 29,} יומה DHM^{ZMG 1883, 328} SabDenkm⁶¹; Assyrian ummu, ûmu COT^Gloss; derivation unknown; on √ and relation of יום to Phoenician ימם, Aramaic ימם, , see Nö^{ZMG 1886, 721} Ba^{ZMG 1887, 632 f.}) — יוֺם absolute Gen 1:5 +; construct Gen 2:4 +; suffix יוֺמְךָ Jer 50:31 יוֺמוֺ Exod 5:13 + 22 t.; יוֺמָם Jer 50:27; Ezek 21:34 dual יוֺמַ֫יִם Exod 21:21 יוֺמָ֑יִם Exod 16:29; Num 11:19 יֹמַ֫יִם Num 9:22 יֹמָ֑יִם Hos 6:2 ; plural יָמִים Gen 4:3 +; יָמִם; Num 6:5 יָמִין (Aramaic form; Ges^{«GKC:87»§ 87}, 1 a) Dan 12:13 מִיָּמִים יָמִ֫ימָה Exod 13:10 + 4 t.; construct יְמֵי Gen 3:14 +; יְמוֺת Deut 32:7; Ps 90:15 ; suffix יָמַי Job 7:6 + 9 t.; יָמָ֑י Gen 29:21+ 8 t.; יָמֵינוּ Jer 35:8 + 7 t., etc.; —

1. day, opposed to night, Gen 7:14; Gen 7:12; Gen 8:22 (all J), Gen 31:39; Gen 31:40 (E), Exod 24:18; Exod 34:28; Num 11:32 (twice in verse); Josh 10:13 (all J E), Deut 9:9; Deut 9:11; Deut 9:18; Deut 9:25; Deut 10:10 (D), Gen 1:5; Gen 1:14; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:18 (P), 1Sam 30:12; Judg 19:8; Judg 19:9 (twice in verse); Judg 19:11; Amos 5:8; 1Kgs 8:29; 1Kgs 19:8; Neh 4:16; Eccl 8:16 || לִפְנֵי בוֺאהַֿשֶּׁמֶשׁ 2Sam 3:35 ׳חֹם הַיּ Gen 18:1(J) the heat of the day 1Sam 11:11; 2Sam 4:5 עוֺד גָּדוֺל ׳הַיּ Gen 29:7 (J) the day is still high, not near its end; ׳רוּחַ הַיּ Gen 3:8 coll of the day; מִןהָֿאוֺר עַדֿ ׳מַחֲצִית הַיּ Neh 8:3 from dawn until mid-day; so also probably of mid-day הוֺלך ואור עַדנְֿכוֺן הַיּוֺם Prov 4:18 growing lighter and lighter until the full day; note phrase in Judg 19, ׳עַדנְֿטוֺת הַיּ Judg 19:8 until the declining of the day; לַעֲרוֺב ׳רָפָה הַיּ vJudg 19:9 the day hath sunk down to become evening; ׳חֲנוֺת הַיּ vJudg 19:9 the declining of the day; רַד מְאֹד ׳הַיּ vJudg 19:11 the day has gone down exceedingly (is far spent).

2. Day as division of time:
a. working-day Exod 20:9; Exod 20:10 (E) = Deut 5:18; Exod 16:26; Exod 16:30 (twice in verse) (J), Exod 23:12 (JE), Exod 31:15 (P), Lev 23:3 (H); יְמֵי הַמַּעֲשֶׂה Ezek 46:1.
b. דֶּרֶךְ יוֺם a day's journey Num 11:31 (twice in verse)( J E), 1Kgs 19:4 מַהֲלַךְ יוֺם אֶחָד Jonah 3:4 דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים a three days' journey Gen 30:36; Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:23 (all J), Num 10:33 (twice in verse) (JE), Num 33:8 (P); מַהֲלַךְ שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים Jonah 3:3 so seven days' journey Gen 31:23 (E), 2Kgs 3:9 without דֶּרֶךְ etc., שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים Exod 15:22 (E) they went three days, etc.
c. to denote duration of various other acts or states: seven days Gen 7:4; Gen 7:10; Gen 8:10; Gen 8:12 forty days Gen 7:17; Gen 8:6 (all J); 150 days Gen 7:24; Gen 8:3 (both P), 1Sam 25:38; 1Kgs 8:65 (twice in verse); Jer 42:7; Ezek 4:5; Ezek 4:6; 1Chr 9:25; Ezra 6:22; Esth 1:4 etc. In Esth 4:16 1 & 2 are combined: וְאַלתִּֿשְׁתּוּ שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים לַיְלָה וָיוֺם do not eat and do not drink for thee days, night or day (see Zech 14:7 below 3 below)
d. day as defined by evening and morning Gen 1:5; Gen 1:8; Gen 1:13; Gen 1:19; Gen 1:23; Gen 1:31 (all P; compare further בֹּקֶר, עֶרֶב); see also Gen 2:2 (twice in verse); Gen 2:3 (P), Exod 20:11 (twice in verse)(E), Exod 32:17 (twice in verse) (P).
e. day of month (with ordinal number), chiefly P and late: Gen 7:11; Gen 8:4; Gen 8:14; Exod 12:6; Exod 12:18 (twice in verse) +, 1Kgs 12:32; 1Kgs 12:33; 1Kgs 45:25; 1Kgs 1:15; 1Kgs 1:18; 2Chr 29:17 (twice in verse); Ezra 3:6; Neh 8:2; Neh 9:1; Dan 10:4; Esth 3:12; Esth 9:1 +; (יוֺם often omitted e.g. Gen 8:5; Gen 8:13; Exod 12:10; 2Kgs 25:1; 2Kgs 25:3; Ezek 1:1; Ezek 1:2; Hag 2:1; Hag 2:20; Zech 7:1; 2Chr 3:2; Ezra 6:19; Esth 3:13, etc.) feminine יוֺם defined by substantive, infinitive, or other clause: (1) construct יוֺם הַשֶּׁלֶג = the snowy day 2Sam 23:20 = 1Chr 11:22 יוֺם סַגְרִיר Prov 27:15 = rainy d.; יוֺם קָרָה Prov 25:20 = cold d.; (so, = time יוֺם צָרָתִי Gen 35:3 (E) d. of my distrees; Jer 18:17; Lam 1:7; Prov 24:10; Prov 25:19; Prov 27:10 יוֺם מוֺתוֺ etc. Judg 13:7; 2Sam 6:23; 2Kgs 15:5 + often; compare יוֺם הֻלֶּדֶת אֶתפַּֿרְעֹה Gen 40:20 (E) = Pharaoh's birthday; כְּיוֺם הִוָּלְדָהּ Hos 2:5 compare Eccl 7:1 (see also 7 d below; compare יוֺמוֺ Job 3:1), יום חֲתֻנָּה Song 3:11 of day emphatically characterized by prophets and others יוֺם מְהוּמָה וּמְבוּסָה וּמְבוּכָה Isa 22:5 (see מְהוּמָה below הום); יוֺם צָרָה וְתוֺכֵחָה וּנְאָצָה Isa 37:3 = 2Kgs 19:3 on the other hand ׳יוֺם רָצוֺן לי Isa 58:5 a day of acceptableness to ׳י; plural followed by substantive יְמֵי שָׂכִיר Lev 25:50 (H) the days of an hireling; יְמֵי (מִלֻּאֵיכֶםׅ Lev 8:33; Num 6:13 followed by rel. clause אָרוּר הַיּוֺם אֲשֶׁר יֻלַּדְתִּי בּ֑וֺ יוֺם אֲשֶׁריְֿלָדַתְנִי ׳אִמִּי וגו Jer 20:14 compare Job 3:3 also Ps 118:24 (see i).
g. particular days defined by proper name, of a location: יוֺם יִזְרְעֶאל Hos 2:2 i.e. of judgement, with implied restoration; see also Isa 9:3; Ezek 30:9 יְמֵי הַגִּבְעָה Hos 9:9; Hos 10:9, i.e. of the outrage at Gibeah (Judg 19:22ff.); יוֺם ירושׁלם Ps 137:7 i.e. of Jerusalem's calamity, compare Jer 50:27; Jer 50:31.
h. with suffix, thy, his, or their day, in sense of (1) day of disaster or death: Psalms בָּא יוֺמְךָ Jer 50:31 thy day has come; אוֺ יומו יָבאֹ וָמֵת 1Sam 26:10 יומו in this sense also Ezek 21:30; Ps 37:13; Job 18:20 בָּא יוֺמָם Jer 50:27; Ezek 21:34.
i. specifically a holy day: יוֺם הַשַּׁבָּת the sabbath day (see also שַׁבָּת), Exod 20:8; Exod 20:11(E) = Deut 5:12; Deut 5:15; Exod 31:15; Exod 35:3 +; = יוֺם קָדְשִׁי Isa 58:13 repetition בְּיוֺם הַשַּׁבָּת בְּיוֺם הַשַּׁבָּת Lev 24:8 every Sabbath day; also יוֺם הַכִּפֻּרים Lev 23:27; Lev 25:9 יוֺם כִּפֻּרִים Lev 23:28 יוֺם הַבִּכּוּרִים Num 28:26 יוֺם חַגֵּנוּ Ps 81:4 יוֺם מַלְכֵּנוּ Hos 7:5 also of false gods, יִמֵי הַבְּעָלִים Hos 2:11.

3. ׳יוֺם י day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment, involving often blessedness for righteous (see RS^{Proph. 396 f.} Dr^{Isa 28}); Amos 5:18 (twice in verse); Amos 5:20; Isa 2:12; Isa 13:6; Isa 13:9; Zeph 1:7 (compare vZeph 1:8), vZeph 1:14 vZeph 1:14 (compare vZeph 1:15 vZeph 1:16), Jer 46:10; Ezek 13:5; Ezek 30:3 (compare Ezek 36:33; Ezek 39:8; Ezek 39:11; Ezek 39:13); Obad 15; Zech 14:1; Mal 3:23 (compare Zech 14:7; Mal 3:2; Mal 3:17; Mal 3:19 (twice in verse); Mal 3:21), Joel 1:15; Joel 2:1; Joel 2:11 (compare vJoel 2:2 vJoel 2:2), Joel 3:4; Joel 4:14 ׳יוֺם עֶבְרַת י Zeph 1:18 יוֺם עֶבְרָה Prov 11:4 יוֺם חֲרוֺן אַפּוֺ Isa 13:13; Lam 1:12 יוֺם נָקָם Isa 34:8; Isa 61:2; Isa 63:4 יוֺם נְקָמָה Jer 46:10 ׳יוֺם אַף י Zeph 2:2; Zeph 2:3; Lam 2:22 יוֺם אַפּוֺ Lam 2:1 compare also Zech 14:7 (where senses of 1 and 2 are combined, compare Esth 4:16 2 c above); וְהָיָה יוֺםֿ לֹא יוֺם וְלֹא לָ֑יְלָה ׳אֶחָד הוּא יִּוָּדַע לי but there shall be one day, known shall it be of ׳י not day and not night; compare also ביום ההוא 7 g below

4. Plural days of any one:
a. = his life, his age Gen 6:3 (J), Deut 22:19; Deut 22:29; Deut 23:7; Josh 24:31 (twice in verse) (D), Judg 2:7 (twice in verse); Judg 2:18; 1Sam 25:28, etc.; Gen 5:4; Gen 5:8; Gen 5:11; Gen 9:29; Gen 11:32 (all P), Job 7:1 (twice in verse); Job 7:6; Job 7:16; Job 8:9, Ps 39:5 (twice in verse); Ps 90:9; Ps 90:10; Ps 90:12; Ps 90:14; Ps 103:15 כָּליְֿמֵי חַיֶּיךָ Gen 3:14; Gen 3:17 (J), Ps 23:6, so Prov 31:12 יְמֵי שְׁנֵי חַיִּים 2Sam 19:35; Gen 25:7; Gen 47:8; Gen 47:9 (all P); יְמֵי חַיָּיו Eccl 5:17; Eccl 5:19 יְמֵי שָׁנָיו Eccl 6:3 יְמֵי שְׁנוֺתֵינוּ Ps 90:10 מִסְפַּר יְמֵי חַיֵּיהֶם Eccl 2:3 מִסְפַּר יְמֵי חַיֵּי הֶבְלוֺ Eccl 6:12 the number of the days of the years of his vanity, i.e. his empty, fleeting years; כָּלהַּֿיָּמִים אֲשֶׁרהֵֿם חַיִּים עַלפְּֿנֵי הָאֲדָמָה 1Kgs 8:40 יָמִים רַבִּים long life 1Kgs 3:11= 2Chr 1:11 בָּא בַּיָּמִים advanced in days = of advanced age Gen 18:11; Gen 24:1 (both J), Josh 13:1 (twice in verse) (JE), Josh 23:1; Josh 23:2 (D), 1Kgs 1:1 מִיָּמָיו 1Kgs 1:6 from his (earliest) days, so מִיָּמֶיךָ 1Sam 25:28 (see Dr), Job 38:12 שְׂבַע יָמִים Job 42:17; 1Kgs 8:40 יַאֲרִכוּן יָמֶיךָ Exod 20:12 (JE) that thy days may be long = Deut 5:16, see further ארך; יָמִים עַליְֿמֵימֶֿלֶךְ תּוֺסִיף Ps 61:7 i.e. prolong the king's life; outlive is הֶאֱרִיךְ יָמִים אַחֲרֵי Josh 24:31(D), Judg 2:7 אֹרֶךְ יָמִים וּשְׁנוֺת חַיִּים Prov 3:2 length of days and years of life; אֹרֶךְ יָמִים vProv 3:16 כְּיָמֶיךָ דבאך Deut 33:25 according to (the length of) thy life shall be [ thy strength ? read רבאך ?] see Di VB; rarely singular e.g. קְשֵׁהֿ יוֺם Job 30:25 one hurd of day, i.e. whose day (= life) was hard; of life as approaching its end, וַיִּקְרְבוּ יְמֵי ישׂראל לָמוּת Gen 47:29 (J) and the days of Israel drew near for dying, so Deut 31:14; 1Kgs 2:1 (compare Job 7:6; Job 7:16; Job 8:9; Eccl 2:3 above)
b. (in) the days of (i.e. life-time, reign, or activity of) Gen 10:25 (J), Gen 14:1; Judg 5:6 (twice in verse); Judg 8:28; 2Sam 21:1; 1Kgs 16:34; 1Kgs 21:29 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 22:47; 2Kgs 20:19; 2Chr 13:20; 2Chr 35:18 + often (so M 2Chr 1:6. 8.8.9.33).
c. hence in phrase סֵפֶר דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים לְ 1Kgs 14:19; 1Kgs 14:29 + 31 t. Kings, Neh 12:23; Esth 2:23; Esth 10:2 מִסְפַּר דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים 1Chr 27:24 סֵפֶר הַזִּכְרֹנוֺת דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים Esth 6:1.

5. Days:
a. indefinite: יָמִים אֲחָדִים some days, a few days Gen 27:44 (J), Gen 29:10 (E), Dan 11:20 יָמִים alone Dan 40:4 (E) they were days (a certain time) in the prison 1Kgs 17:15; Neh 1:4 עוּל יָמִים Isa 65:20 a suckling of (a few) days; מִיָּמִים Judg 11:4 after a time, Judg 15:1 so מִקֵּץ יָמִים Gen 4:3 (J) after the end of days, 1Kgs 17:7 יוֺם אוֺ יוֺמַיִם Exod 21:21(JE) a day or two. יָמִים אוֺ עָשׂוֺר Gen 24:55 (J) some days, or ten (days or a dekad; on question of text see Di).
b. of long time, זֶה יָמִים אוֺ זֶה שָׁנִים 1Sam 29:3 these days or these years; אוֺ יֹמַיִם אוֺ חֹדֶשׁ אוֺ יָמִים Num 9:22 (P) whether two days or a month or days (an indefinitely long period); יָמִים רַבִּים many days Gen 21:34 (JE) Gen 37:34 (J) +; ׳וַיִּרְבּוּ הַיָּמִים וגו Gen 38:12 (J) and the days were multiplied (= time passed) and Judah's wife died, 1Sam 7:2 אָֽרְכוּ לוֺ שָׁם הַיָּמִים Gen 26:8 (J) the days were long to him there = he had been there a long time; בְּהַאֲרִיךְ הֶעָנָןיָ֗֗֗מִים רַבִּים Num 9:19 (P) when the cloud prolonged many days (remained a long time) upon the tabern — See also 6 below
c. days of old, former or ancient times (especially of early period of Israel hist): יְמוֺת עוֺלָם Deut 32:7 (poem); יְמֵי עוֺלם Mic 5:1; Mic 7:14; יְמֵי קֶדֶם Mic 7:20 יָמִים מִקֶּדֶם Ps 77:6; Ps 143:5 compare הַיָּמִים הָרִאשֹׁנִים Eccl 7:10 coming days הַיָּמִים הַבָּאִים Eccl 2:16 coming time יוֺם אַהֲרוֺן Prov 31:25 especially (ב)אַחֲרִית הַיָּמִים see above; לְקֵץ הַיָּמִין Dan 12:13.

6. יוֺם = time;
a. vividly in general sense (see also

5. above): time of harvest Prov 25:13 usually יְמֵי Gen 30:14 (J), Josh 3:15; Num 13:20 (twice in verse) (all J E), Judg 15:1; 2Sam 21:9 proper time for paying wages Deut 24:15 compare Job 14:6 time of parturition וַיִּמְלְאוּ יָמֶיהָ לָלֶדֶת Gen 25:24.
b. apposition to other expressions of time (Dr^{§ 192} (1) Da^{Synt. § 29. d}): חֹדֶשׁ יָמִים a month of time Gen 29:14 (J; literally a month, time), Num 11:20; Num 11:21 (JE); = יֶרַח יָמִים Deut 21:13; 2Kgs 15:13 יָמִים ארבעה חדשׁים Judg 19:2 time, four months (si vera lectio, see 1Sam 27:7); (מִקֵּץ) שְׁנָתַיִם יָמִים Gen 41:1 (E) two years (of) time, 2Sam 13:23; 2Sam 14:28; Jer 28:3; Jer 28:11 שְׁלשָׁה שָׁבֻעִים יָמִים Dan 10:2; Dan 10:3 three weeks (of) time.
c. plural in specific sense, apparently = year, literal יָמִים 1Sam 27:7; Lev 25:29 (H); לַיָּמִים Judg 17:10 זֶבַךְ הַיָּמִים 1Sam 1:21; 1Sam 2:19; 1Sam 20:6 יָמִים וארבעה חדשׁים 1Sam 27:7 = a year and four months (compare Judg 19:2 above
b.); מִיָּמִים יָמִ֫ימָה = from year to year, yearly Exod 13:10 (JE), Judg 11:40 (compare v^b), Judg 21:19; 1Sam 1:3; 1Sam 2:19 מִקֵּץ יָמִים לַיָּמִים 2Sam 14:26 יֹמַיִם אוֺ חֹדֶשׁ אוֺיָֿמִים Num 9:22 (P); distributive Num 14:34 (twice in verse) (P), Ezek 4:6 (twice in verse); וַיְהִי לְיָמִים מִיָּמִים וּכְעֵת צֵּאת הַקֵּץ לְיָמִים שְׁנַיִם 2Chr 21:19 and it came to pass at days from days (=after some days) even about the time of the outgoing of the end of two (series of) days (i.e. probably years, see Be).

7. Phrases, without preposition and with, are:
a. (1) הַיּוֺם = to-day Gen 4:14; Gen 31:43; Gen 31:48; Exod 13:4 (JE) + often; opposed to תְּמוֺל yesterday Exod 5:14; 1Sam 20:27 opposed to מָחָר Exod 19:10 (2) (בְּ)יוֺם מָחָר = to-morrow Gen 30:33; Isa 56:12; Prov 27:1 (3) יוֺם אֶתְמוֺל Ps 90:4 (4) הַיּוֺם שְׁלשֶׁת הַיָּמִים 1Sam 9:20 three days ago (see Dr); = הַיּוֺם שְׁלשָׁה 1Sam 30:13 (5) בַּיּוֺם Judg 13:10 apparently = the other day (see Be); (6) יוֺם אֶחָד no preposition, emphatic = in one day, Gen 27:45; Isa 9:13 with בְּ Isa 10:17; Isa 47:9 for, during, one day Gen 33:13; Num 11:19 unemphatic, one day (= some day) 1Sam 27:1 יוֺם אֶחָד לִפְנֵי 1Sam 9:15 one day, before Saul came.
b. וַיְהִי הַיּוֺם וַֹֿ and the day came, that (or when) 1Sam 1:4 (see Dr), 2Kgs 4:8; 2Kgs 4:11; 2Kgs 4:18; Job 1:6; Job 1:13; Job 2:1.
c. הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים lo! days are coming, when, etc.; especially in Amos, Jeremiah: 1Sam 2:31; Amos 4:2; Amos 8:11; Amos 9:13; Isa 39:6 = 2Kgs 20:17; Jer 7:32 + 13 t. Jeremiah
d. יוֺם in construct def. verbs, both literally, the day of, and (often) in general sense = the time of (forcible and pregnantly, representing the act vividly as that of a single day): (1) before infinitive, (α) singular without preposition אֶתיֿוֺם צֵאתְךָ Deut 16:3 and thou shalt remember the day of thy going out from the land Egypt, Isa 58:5; Ezek 39:13; Mal 3:2 compare Eccl 7:1 (מִן comparative); (β) עַדיֿוֺם Josh 6:10; Judg 18:30 + 5 t.; (γ) בְּיוֺם Gen 2:4; Gen 2:17; Gen 3:5 + 53 t.; (δ) כְּיוֺם Hos 2:5; Hos 2:17; Zeph 3:8; Zech 14:3 (ε) מִיּוֺם 1Sam 7:2; 1Sam 8:8; 1Sam 29:6; 2Sam 13:32; 2Kgs 8:6; Deut 9:24; Lev 23:15; Ezek 28:15 (ζ) לְמִיּוֺם Judg 19:30; 2Sam 7:6; Isa 7:17 (2) plural construct before infinitive: (α) כָּליְֿמֵי Judg 18:31; 1Sam 22:4; 1Sam 25:7; 1Sam 25:16; Lev 26:34; Lev 26:35; Num 6:6; 2Chr 36:21 (β) בִּימֵי Ruth 1:1; 2Chr 26:5 (γ) כִּימֵי Mic 7:15 (3) singular construct with preposition before finite verb in perfect: (α) compare בְּ, ׳בְּיוֺם דִּבֶּר י Exod 6:28 in the day (when) ׳י spoke, so Num 3:1; Deut 4:15 also Lev 7:35; 2Sam 22:1 = Ps 18:1; Ps 138:3; Zech 8:9 (β) מִיּוֺם Jer 36:2 (4) singular construct before imperfect: בְּיוֺם אֶקְרָא Ps 56:10 in the day (when) I cry, Ps 103:3; Lam 5:7 also without בְּ, יוֺם אִירָא Ps 56:4 (at the) time (when) I am afraid; (5) plural construct before perfect: כָּליְֿמֵי הִתְהַלַּכְנוּ אִתָּם 1Sam 25:15, so Lev 14:46 (probably, see Di); כִּימוֺת Ps 90:15 (6) plural construct before imperfect: כִּימֵי אֱלוֺתַּ יִשְׁמְרֵנִי Job 29:2 (7) מִיּוֺם construct before rel. clause: מִיּוֺם אֲשֶׁר הָיִיתִי לְפָנֶיךָ 1Sam 29:8 since the day when (= as long as) I have been before thee, Neh 5:14 (8) plural construct before rel. clause כָּליְֿמֵי אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁכֹּן Num 9:18 as long as the cloud remained, etc.
e. (1) יוֺם יוֺם day by day Gen 39:10 (J), Exod 16:5 (P), Prov 8:30; Prov 8:34; Ps 61:9; Ps 68:20 (+ Jer 7:25; Ps 13:3 Lag, see יוֺמָם); so (late) לְיוֺם בְּיוֺם 2Chr 24:11 יוֺם בְּיוֺם 2Chr 30:21; Neh 8:18 לְעֶתיֿוֺם בְּיוֺם 1Chr 12:22 עֹלֹת יוֺם בְּיוֺם Ezra 3:4 בִּדְבַר יוֺם בְּיוֺם 2Chr 8:13 מִיּוֺם אֶליֿוֺם from day to day 1Chr 16:23 = מִיּוֺם לְיוֺם Ps 96:2 (Esth 3:7 see below); יוֺם וָיוֺם Esth 3:4 (very late, see וְ 1 i
(b), p. 253 above and Dr^{Intr. 505}); בְּכָליֿוֺם וָיוֺם Esth 2:11 כְּיוֺם בְּיוֺם 1Sam 18:10 as daily = according to daily habit; (2) מִיּוֺם לְיוֺם Esth 3:7, is in phrase of casting lots for one day after another; (מִיָּמִים יָמִ֫ימָה see 6 c); (3) of daily duties, observances, etc.: דְּבַר יוֺם בְּיוֺמוֺ each day's affair in its day Exod 5:13; Exod 5:19; Exod 16:4 (all J), Lev 23:37 (H), 1Kgs 8:59; 2Kgs 25:30 = Jer 52:34; Ezra 3:4; Neh 11:23; Neh 12:47; Dan 1:5 לִדְבַר יוֺם בְּיוֺמוֺ 1Chr 16:37; 2Chr 8:14; 2Chr 31:16. feminine כָּלהַֿיָּמִים = always, continually, Gen 43:9; Gen 44:32 (both J), Deut 4:40; Deut 5:26; Deut 6:24; Deut 11:1; Deut 14:23; Deut 18:5; Deut 19:9; Deut 28:29; Deut 28:33; Josh 4:24 (D), Judg 16:16; 1Sam 2:32; 1Sam 2:35; 1Sam 18:29; 1Sam 23:14; 1Sam 28:2; 2Sam 13:37; 2Sam 19:14; Jer 31:36; Jer 32:39; Jer 33:18; Jer 35:19; 1Kgs 5:15; 1Kgs 9:3; 1Kgs 11:36; 1Kgs 11:39; 1Kgs 12:7; 1Kgs 14:30; 1Kgs 2:19; 1Kgs 13:3; 1Kgs 17:37; 1Kgs 2:16; 1Kgs 10:7; 1Kgs 12:15; 1Kgs 21:7; also (only in prophetic writers and in poetry) כָּלהַֿיּוֺם Gen 6:5 (J), Hos 12:2; Deut 28:32; Deut 33:12; Jer 20:7; Jer 20:8; Isa 28:24; Isa 51:13; Isa 52:5 (both תָּמִיד כלהֿיום), Isa 65:2; Isa 65:5; Lam 1:13; Lam 3:3; Lam 3:14; Lam 3:62; Ps 25:5; Ps 32:3; Ps 35:28; Ps 37:26; Ps 38:7; Ps 38:13; Ps 42:4; Ps 42:11; Ps 44:9; Ps 44:16; Ps 44:23; Ps 52:3; Ps 56:2; Ps 56:3; Ps 56:6; Ps 71:8; Ps 71:15; Ps 71:24; Ps 72:15; Ps 73:14; Ps 74:22; Ps 86:3; Ps 88:18; Ps 89:17; Ps 102:9; Ps 119:97; Prov 21:26; Prov 23:17.
g. additional phrase with בְּ = on a particular day: בַּיּוֺם הַחֲמִישִׁי Judg 19:18, so Gen 2:2 (twice in verse) + often; בְּכָליֿוֺם every day Ps 7:12; Ps 88:10; Ps 145:2 בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא of definite time in past Gen 15:18; Gen 33:16 + (see also 3 above); compare הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה (no preposition) Exod 13:3 (JE); בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא of time defined in subsequent context, 1Sam 3:2 at that time when Eli was laid down, i.e. at the particular time of the following incident (= at a certain time, on one particular day; compare Gen 39:11 Sub h; see Da^{Synt. § 21. e. R. 1, 2 and} especially Dr 1Sam 1:4; 1Sam 19:3); בַּיּוֺם הַזֶּה Gen 7:11 +; בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה on this selfsame day Gen 7:13 (see עֶצֶם); בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא also of future 1Sam 3:12; Deut 31:17 (twice in verse); Deut 31:18 and very often in prophets, as formula in describing what is to come at time of future blessing, retribution, etc., Amos 8:3; Amos 8:9; Hos 2:18; Hos 2:20; Hos 2:23 etc., especially Isa 2:11; Isa 2:17; Isa 2:20; Isa 3:7; Isa 3:18; Isa 4:1; Isa 4:2 + often; plural בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם of past Gen 6:4 (J), Judg 18:1 (twice in verse); Judg 19:1; Judg 21:25; 1Sam 3:1 + often; of future Deut 17:9; Deut 19:17; Deut 26:3.
h. with כַּיּוֺם ׃כְּ as or like the day Ps 139:12 כַּיּוֺם הַהוּא Josh 10:14 כְּיוֺם Hos 2:5 as at the day of; כְּיוֺם תָּמִים Josh 10:13 about a whole day; כַּיּוֺם literally at (about) to-day = now (see כְּ) 1Sam 9:27; 1Kgs 22:5 = 2Chr 18:4; Isa 58:4 so כְּהַיּוֺם 1Sam 9:13 + v1Sam 9:12 We Dr (for ᵑ0 כי היום), Neh 5:11 כַּיּוֺם = at once, first of all Gen 25:31; Gen 25:33; 1Sam 2:16; 1Kgs 1:51 often with adjective pronoun to point out agreement of result with promise or prediction, כַּיּוֺם הַזֶּה as it is this day Gen 50:20 (E), 1Sam 22:8; 1Sam 22:13, and especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah and subsequent writing: Deut 2:30; Deut 4:20; Deut 4:38; Deut 8:18; Deut 10:15; Deut 29:27; Jer 11:5; Jer 25:18 (gloss, omitted by ᵐ5, compare especially Kue^{Einl. § 56. 1}), Jer 32:20; Jer 44:6; Jer 44:23; 1Kgs 3:6; 1Kgs 8:24; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Chr 28:7; 2Chr 6:15; Dan 9:7; Dan 9:15 so כְּהַיּוֺם הַזֶּה Deut 6:24; Jer 44:22; Ezra 9:7; Ezra 9:15; Neh 9:10 in Gen 39:11 (J) this phrase = on this particular day (when the incident to be narrated occurred; compare ביום ההוא g above)
i. with לְיוֺם ׃לְ on, at (literally with reference to) Hos 9:5 (twice in verse) what will ye do on the day of assembly, etc., Isa 10:3 לְיוֺם אֶחָד 1Kgs 5:2 bread for one day; הַמְּלָאכָה לֹא לְיוֺם אֶחָד וְלֹא לִשְׁנַיִם Ezra 10:13 distributive phrase נָשִׂיא אֶחָד לַיּוֺם נָשִׂיא אֶחָד לַיּוֺם Num 7:11 (P), Job 21:30 (twice in verse); compare לַיּוֺם Mal 1:17 לַיּום against, i.e. in expectation of Exod 19:11, so לְיוֺם קְרָב Job 38:23; Prov 21:31 לְיוֺם קוּמִי almost = until Zeph 3:8 לִפְנֵי יוֺם Isa 48:7 before to-day; late phrase are לְיָמִים מִיָּמִים 2Chr 21:19 = in the course of time; לְיָמִים רַבִּים Dan 8:26 at (the end of) many days; לַיּוֺם for every day, daily, Exod 29:36; Exod 29:38; Num 7:11 (twice in verse); Num 28:3; Num 28:34; 1Chr 26:17; Jer 37:21; Ezek 4:10; Ezek 43:25; Ezek 45:23 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:13 לַיּוֺם in exclamation ׳הָהּ לַיּ Ezek 20:2 alas for the day! ׳אֲהָהּ לַיּ Joel 1:15.
j. with מִיּוֺם ׃מִן since the day (time) of (or when), Exod 10:6; Lev 23:15; Deut 9:24; 1Sam 7:2 etc.; מִיּוֺם הראשׁן Exod 12:15 from the first day (on omission of article see Dr^{§ 209} (1)); מִימֵי השׁפטים 2Kgs 23:22, etc.; מִיּוֺם = from to-day, from this day forth Isa 43:13; Ezek 48:35 מֵהַיּוֺם הַהוּא וָמָ֑עְלָה 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 30:25 from that day forward; so וָהָ֑לְאָה ׳הַה ׳מֵהַיּ 1Sam 18:9 מִןהַֿיּוֺם הַזֶּה וָמָ֑עְלָה Hag 2:15; Hag 2:18 from this day onward (see Add. on p. 751:b); עַדהַֿיּוֺם הַזֶּה Gen 47:26 until now; מִיָּמִים רַבִּים after many days Josh 23:1; Ezek 38:8 מִיָּמִים after a time Judg 11:4; Judg 14:8; Judg 15:1 but usually ׳מִקֵּץ י, see קֵץ; מִיֹּמָ֑יִם Hos 6:2 after two days; — מִיָּמִים יָמִ֫ימָה see e (4) above
k. with לְמִן (see לְ near the end): לְמִן הַיּוֺם אֲשֶׁר Deut 4:32; Deut 9:7; 2Sam 7:11; Jer 7:25; Jer 32:31; Hag 2:18 twice followed by infinitive in apposition Exod 9:18; 2Sam 19:25 (compare also 2Chr 8:16 see Dr^{Sm. & § 190, Obs}.); קֶדֶם ׃לְמִימֵי ׳למ 2Kgs 19:25 since days of old = long ago, compare Mal 3:7 since the days of your fathers.

1. ׃עַד (ה)יום ׳עַד יוֺם הָאֶחָד וגו Exod 12:18 until the 21st day, Lev 19:6 +; עַדיֿוֺם מוֺתוֺ Judg 13:7; 1Sam 15:35; 2Sam 6:23 +, etc., see also (followed by infinitive) c above; עַדהַֿיּוֺם until to-day, denoting especially permanence of a name or situation, or of result of an event, Gen 19:37; Gen 19:38 (J), Gen 35:20 (E), 2Kgs 10:27; Ezek 20:31 ; more often עַדהַֿיּוֺם הַזֶּה until this day Gen 26:33 (J), Gen 32:33 (P or R), Gen 47:26 (J), Gen 48:15 (E), Exod 10:6; Num 22:30 (both J), Deut 2:22; Deut 3:14; Deut 10:8; Deut 11:4; Deut 29:3; Deut 34:6; Deut 5:9; Deut 6:25; Deut 7:26 (twice in verse); Josh 8:28; Josh 8:29; Josh 9:27; Josh 13:13; Josh 14:14; Josh 15:63; Josh 16:10 (all J E), Josh 22:3 (D), vJosh 22:17 (P), Josh 23:8; Josh 23:9 (D), Judg 1:21; Judg 1:26; Judg 6:24; Judg 10:4; Judg 15:19; Judg 18:12; Judg 19:30; 1Sam 5:5; 1Sam 6:18; 1Sam 8:8; 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 27:6; 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:6; 1Sam 29:8; 1Sam 30:25; 2Sam 4:3; 2Sam 6:8 = 1Chr 13:11; 2Sam 7:6 = 1Chr 17:5; 2Sam 18:18 + often; עַדעֶֿצֶם הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה Josh 10:27 (JE), Ezek 2:3 (compare Lev 23:14 H); עַדֿ הַיּוֺם הַהוּא Judg 18:1; Neh 8:17. masculine once עַליֿוֺם טוֺב 1Sam 25:8 upon a good day, i.e. a day of social cheerfulness, feasting, rejoicing (with rare עַל temporal compare Dr; יוֺם טוֺב also Esth 8:17; Esth 9:19; Esth 9:22, see טוֺב adjective )

day, days, time, daily, ever, …

yôm

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)

day, time, year

day (as opposed to night)

as defined by evening and morning in Genesis 1

a working day, a day's journey

today

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: זֶה · dzeh

Noun — masculine singular

In the KJV here: the

this ×576 and this ×44 in this ×40 of this ×39 is this ×31 these ×21 that ×17 as it is this ×10

More options

this — Default demonstrative; nearest referent in context.

that — Use when referent is more distant or already mentioned.

such — Highlights quality or kind rather than identity.

here — Adverbial use; marks location or present moment.

the same — Emphasizes identity or continuity with prior referent.

it — Pronominal use; when זֶה substitutes for a noun.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

עַתָּ֫ה₄₃₅ (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Kö^{ii. 260}), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v^b Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr^{§ 141, 142}); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

BDB9422 H1668 H2090 H2088

ד

דָּא demonstrative pronoun feminine this (= Biblical Hebrew זֹה: Zinjirli Têma, Cappadocian, Egyptian Aramaic זא, Nabataean דא, Palmyrene דה (Lzb^{264: Eph. i. 323} Cooke²⁶), ᵑ7 דא: see further below Biblical Hebrew זֶה. The corresponding masculine is דְּנָה); — this, Dan 4:27 הֲלָא דָיא בַּבֶל רַבְּתָא, Dan 5:6 דָּא לְדָא נָ֧קְשָׁן one striking against another, similarly Dan 7:3 (compare זֶה 1 b), vDan 7:8 בְקַרְנָאדָֿא.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb^{267. 446} RES³⁶¹ S-C^{Pap. A 2} +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K^{§ 103.}

2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K^{§ 81.}

3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.

4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb²⁹³ SAC^{G1 62, 63} Cooke^{369 b RES:361}; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

this, that, side, these, hence, …

ze

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such

(alone)

this one

this

this, such

then

wherein, which, those who

in this (place) here, then

כַּ ֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר

כַּ

Prefix — preposition like, as

ֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר

Particle who, which, that

Dictionary form: אֲשֶׁר · uh-SHER

Particle — Relative

In the KJV here: as

which ×1561 that ×1524 as ×311 whom ×202 who ×88 where ×84 whither ×70 whose ×69

More options

that — Most versatile; works as relative pronoun or conjunction.

which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents and formal register.

who — Use when antecedent is a person or personal being.

where — Use when introducing a place or locative clause.

when — Use when introducing a temporal clause.

because — Use when אֲשֶׁר introduces a causal clause.

BDB3871 H834

כַּאֲשֶׁר conjunction according as, as, when (compare for the combined Aramaic כְּדִי, כַּד) —

1. according to that which, according as, as:
a. Gen 34:12 I will give כאשׁר תאמרו אלי according as ye shall (or may) say unto me, Gen 44:1; Exod 8:23; Num 22:8; 1Sam 2:16; Gen 34:22 if we are circumcised כאשׁר הם נמולים; Gen 41:21 כאשׁר בתחלה as at the beginning, so ׳כ בראשׁונה Josh 8:5; Josh 8:6; 2Sam 7:10; Exod 5:13 ׃כאשׁר בהיות התבן Gen 7:9 they came in two by two כאשׁר צוה אלהִים, as God commanded Noah; so, or similarly, very often, especially in P, vGen 7:16; Gen 8:21; Gen 12:4; Gen 17:23; Gen 21:1 (twice in verse); Exod 16:24; Exod 39:1; Exod 39:5; Exod 39:7; Num 3:16; Num 3:42 etc.; ׳כאשׁר דבר י Deut 1:21; Deut 2:1; Deut 6:3; Deut 6:19 + often Deuteronomy.
b. answered, for increased emphasis, by כֵּן (compare כְּ 2 d), Gen 50:12 ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צִוָּם, Exod 7:10; Exod 7:20; Gen 18:5 (J) כן חעשׂח כאשׁר דברת, Exod 10:10 (iron.), Amos 5:14 (do.); in opposed to order, Judg 1:7 כאשׁר עשׂיתי, כן שׁלם לי, Exod 7:6 כן עשׂו ׳כאשׁר צוה י, compare Exod 12:28; Exod 12:50; Exod 39:43; Num 5:4; Num 17:26; Num 36:10 (all P); with imperfect (frequently) Num 2:17 (P) כאשׁר יחנו כן יסעו; of degree = the more. . . the more, Exod 1:12 וכאשׁר יענּו אתו כן ירבה וכן יפרץ, compare Exod 17:11 (JE) ׳והיה כאשׁר יריםו֗֗֗גבר ישׁר according as he held up, etc., Israel prevailed; in an oath or solemn promise, Num 14:28 אם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן אעשׂה, Deut 28:63 (Jer 31:28), 1Kgs 1:30; Isa 10:11; Isa 14:24; Isa 52:14f. (see כֵּן 2 b).
c. answered by וַ (Dr^{§ 127} γ) Exod 16:34; Num 1:19.
d. often in similes (followed by imperfect of habit) Exod 33:11 כאשׁר ידבר אישׁ אל רעהו, Num 11:12; Deut 1:44; Isa 9:2; Isa 66:20 +, answered by כֵּן Isa 31:4; Isa 55:10; Isa 66:22; Amos 3:12 +; a second verb is, in such cases, in the perfect with וְ consecutive (Dr^{§ 115}) Deut 22:26; Isa 29:8 כאשׁר יחלםו֗֗֗הקיץ, Isa 65:8; Amos 5:19.
e. הָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר (compare הָיָה כְּ) to be as if, Job 10:19 כאשׁר לא הייתי אהיה, Zech 10:6 והיו כאשׁר לא זנחתים.

2. with a casual force, in so far as, since (German demgemäss dass), Gen 26:29 if thou doest us no harm כאשׁר לא נגענוך according as, in so far as, we have not touched thee; Num 27:14 כאשׁר מריתם פי inasmuch as ye have defied my mouth, Judg 6:27; 1Sam 28:18 (answered by על כן), 2Kgs 17:26; Mic 3:4.

3. with a temporal force, when, Gen 18:33 and Y. went away כאשׁר כלה when he had finished, etc., Gen 32:3; Gen 32:32; 1Sam 8:6; 2Sam 12:21 +; answered by וַּ (Dr^{§ 127} β), 1Sam 6:6; 1Sam 12:8 ויהי כאשׁר֗֗ and it came to pass, when . . . Gen 12:11; Gen 20:13; Gen 24:22; Gen 24:52; Exod 32:19 + often; Gen 43:14 כאשׁר שׁכלתי שׁכלתי when I am bereaved, I am bereaved ! an expression of resignation, so Esth 4:16 כאשׁר אבדתי אבדתי. Josh 2:7 אחרי כאשׁר is a 'conflate' reading, omit either אחרי or כ. Of future time, Gen 27:40; Gen 40:14 כאשׁר ייטב לך, Hos 7:12; Eccl 4:17; Eccl 5:3, and without a verb Isa 23:5 כאשׁר שׁמע למצרים. — Mic 3:3 כאשׁר is simply as that which, Job 29:25 as one who.

BDB6202 H3282 H834 H3588

יַעַן₉₆ properly substantive, purpose, intention, but always used as preposition or conjunction, on account of, because (for יַעֲנֶה, of the form יִצְהָר etc., Sta^{§ 259} Kö^{ii. 403}; compare mean, intend): —

1. as preposition, rarely with a substantive, Ezek 5:9 יַעַן תּוֺעֲבוֺתֵיכֶם, Hag 1:9 יַעַן מָה, vHag 1:9 יַעַן בֵּיתִי; with a participle Ezek 36:13 יען אמרים because of men saying to you (but read probablyאָמְרָם, Co Toy Berthol); frequently with infinitive with, 1Kgs 21:20 יַעַן הִתְמַכֶּרְךָ on account of thy having sold thyself, Amos 5:11; Isa 30:12; Isa 37:29 (= 2Kgs 19:28) יַעֵן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אֵלַי, Jer 5:14; Jer 7:13; Jer 23:38; Jer 48:7, and often. (c. 18 t.) in Ezek., as Jer 5:7 (read יַעַן הַמְרֹתְכֶם), Jer 13:8; Jer 13:22; Jer 25:3; Jer 25:6; Jer 25:8; Jer 25:12.

2. As conjunction:
a. יַעַן אֲשֶׁר (32 t.), usually with perfect, as Gen 22:16 יען אשׁר עשׂית זאת because that thou hast done this, Deut 1:36 (Josh 14:14), Judg 2:20; 1Sam 30:22; 1Kgs 3:11; 1Kgs 8:18; Jer 19:4; Jer 25:8; Jer 29:23 (not Isaiah) +; with imperfect (in frequent. sense) Ezek 44:12.
b. יַען כִּי, Num 11:20 ׳יַעַן כִּי מְאַסְתֶּם אֶתיֿ, 1Kgs 13:21; 1Kgs 21:29; Isa 3:16; Isa 7:5; Isa 8:6; Isa 29:13.
c. יַעַן alone (23 t.), with perfect Num 20:12 יַעַן לֹא הֶאֱמַנְתֶּם בִּי, 1Sam 15:23; 1Kgs 14:13; 1Kgs 20:42; 2Kgs 22:19; Hos 8:1; Isa 61:1; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 with imperfect (frequently) Ezek 34:21 of the future Ezek 12:12 because he shall not see, etc., (but ᵐ5 Co Kau Berthol לְמַעַן אשׁר לא יֵרָאֶה לָעַיִן): usually the verb follows immediately, but Ezek. sometimes puts the object first for emphasis, Ezek 5:11 יַעַן אֶתמִֿקְדָּשִׁי טִמֵּאתָ, Ezek 20:16; Ezek 20:24; Ezek 36:6, compare Ezek 34:21.

3. יַעַן וּבְיַעַן, q.d. because and by the cause (that), followed by perhaps, Lev 26:43 (H) יען וביען בְּמִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָ֔סוּ, Ezek 13:10 יַעַן בְּיַעַז followed by infinitive, Ezek 36:3. (In all, reckoning יען (ו)ביען once each, 93 t., of which 20 are in 1-2 Kings, 11 in Jeremiah, 38 in Ezekiel; and only 9 in Genesis—2Samuel.)

BDB6204 H4616 H834 H4617

[מַ֫עַן] substantive purpose, intent, only with לְ, in לְמַ֫עַן₂₇₁ preposition and conjunction for the sake of, on account of, to the intent or in order that (abbreviated from מַעֲנֶה: compare מַ֫עַל; Kö^{ii. 116}); — with suffix לְמַעֲנִי, לְמַעַנְךָ, and לְמַעַנְכֶם; —

1. preposition: —
a. Gen 18:24 wilt thou ... not spare the place למען חמשׁים הציקים for the sake of the 50 righteous? Deut 30:6 חַיֶּיךָ ׳ל for thy life's sake, 1Kgs 8:41 the foreigner who comer from afar שְׁמֶ֑ךָ ׳ל, Isa 43:14 לְמַעַנְכֶם שִׁלַּחְתִּי בָבֶ֫לָה, Isa 45:4; Isa 62:1 ציון ׳ל, Isa 63:17 עבדיך ׳ל, Isa 65:8; Ezek 36:22 (twice in verse); Job 18:4; Ps 122:8; Ps 122:9 (׳עַבְדִּי ד) לְמַעַן דָּוִד, i.e. for the sake of David's memory, and the promises given to him, 1Kgs 11:12; 1Kgs 11:13; 1Kgs 11:32; 1Kgs 11:34; 1Kgs 15:4; 2Kgs 8:19; 2Kgs 19:34 (= Isa 37:35), Isa 20:6 (all D²); לְמַעֲנִי (of ׳י) for my own sake, i.e. to vindicate my name, 2Kgs 19:34 (= Isa 37:35), 2Kgs 20:6; Isa 43:25; Isa 48:11 לְמַעֲנִי לְמַעֲנִי אֶעֲשֶׁה, so לְמַעַנְךָ Dan 9:19, אֲדֹנָי ׳ל vDan 9:17 ׳י is said (or entreated) to act (שִׁמְךָ, שְׁמִי) לְמַעַן שְׁמוֺ i.e. to maintain his reputation, or character, Ps 23:3; Ps 25:11; Ps 31:4; Ps 79:9; Ps 106:8; Ps 143:11; Jer 14:7; Jer 14:21; Ezek 20:9; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ezek 20:44; Isa 48:9 simile חַסְדְּךָ ׳ל (i.e. to maintain it consistently) Ps 6:5; Ps 44:27, טוּבְךָ ׳ל Ps 25:7, צִדְקוֺ ׳ל Isa 42:21.

b. In view of, on account of (but not expressing causation distinctly, like מִן 2 f, or מִפְּנֵי), Deut 3:26 בי לְמַעַנְכֶם ׳ויתעבר י on your account, 1Kgs 11:39 זֹאת ׳ל in view of this, שׁוֺרֲרַי ׳ל on account of my watchful foes, Ps 5:9; Ps 27:11, צורריך ׳ל Ps 8:3, simil. Ps 69:19; Ps 48:12 (Ps 97:8) משׁפטיך ׳ישמח הר ציון ֗֗֗ ל in view of thy judgments.

c. Sq. infinitive Gen 18:19 ׳לְמַעַן הָבִיא י for the purpose of J.'s bringing = to the intent that J. might bring, Gen 37:22 הַצִּיל ׳ל in order to rescue, Gen 50:20; Exod 1:11; Exod 9:16; Exod 10:1, etc., Deut 2:30; Deut 6:28, etc., 2Kgs 10:19; Jer 7:10; Jer 7:18; Jer 11:5; Jer 50:34 (on הִרגיע, see עַד 2 a b), Ezek 14:5; Ezek 21:5; Ezek 22:6 etc., Ezek 36:5, + often (Kö^{iii.595 f.}). Once, pleonastic, לְמַעַן לָמוּג לֵב Ezek 21:20 (compare כַּעֲבוּר לְ 1Chr 19:3 but read probably הִמּוֺג).

2. conjunction (followed by imperfect): —
a. לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר Gen 18:19 I have known him אשׁר יְצַוֶּה ׳ל to the end that he might command, etc., Deut 27:3; Josh 3:4; 2Sam 13:5; Jer 42:6 more often
b. without אשׁר, as Gen 12:13 לְמַעַן יִיטַב לִי, Gen 27:25; Exod 4:5 יאמינו ׳ל, Exod 8:6; Exod 8:18; Exod 9:29; Exod 10:2; Isa 5:19; Isa 23:16; Ps 9:15; Ps 30:13; Ps 48:14 + often (Kö^iii.571).

c. Sq. לֹא (a) אשׁר לֹא ׳ל Num 17:5; Deut 20:18; Ezek 31:14; Ezek 36:30; Ezek 46:18 (b) לֹא ׳ל Ezek 14:11; Ezek 19:9; Ezek 25:10; Ezek 26:20; Zech 12:7; Ps 119:11; Ps 119:80; Ps 125:3 (Kö^{iii.574. Less common than} לְבִלְתִּי or מִן with infinitive, or פֶּןֿ).

Note

1. — לְמַעַן is always in order that, never merely so that ἐκβατικῶς); but sometimes, in rhetorical passages, the issue of a line of action, though really undesigned, is represented by it ironically as if it were designed: Deut 29:18 (see Dr) ׳סְפוֺת וגו ׳וְהִתְבָּרֵךְ כִּלְבָבוֺ ֗֗֗ ל and he congratulate himself ... in order to sweep away the moistened with the dry (i.e. to destroy all together), Isa 30:1; Isa 44:9 יֵבוֺשׁוּ ׳בל יראו ובל ידעו ל in orer that they may be put to shame, Jer 7:18 הַכְעִיסֵנִי ׳ל, vJer 7:19 בּשֶׁת פְנֵיהֶם ׳ל, Jer 27:10; Jer 27:15; Jer 32:29; Hos 8:4 their silver, etc., they have made into idols יִכָרֵת ׳ל in order that it may be cut off (of course, not the real purpose of the idolatry), Amos 2:7; Mic 6:16: compare Ps 51:6 (see Comn.) in order that thou mightest be just when thou judgest (that is, by manifesting thy justice in judgement on my sin). compare Qor 28:7 (Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. 397 f.}).

Note 2. — In Josh 4:24 for the anomalous יְרָאתֶם ׳ל, read infinitive יִרְאָתָם ׳ל in order that they might fear (Dr^{§ 14 Obs}.): Neh 6:13 לְמַעַן שָׂכוּר הוּא לְמַעַן אִירָא (si vera 1.) the first ׳ל points forwards, to this intent was he hired, to the intent that I should be afraid. — On Prov 16:4, see מַעֵנֶה above

BDB8356 H834 H7945 H4100

שֶׁ, also ( Gen 6:3 [? see 4 a], Judg 5:7 (twice in verse); Song 1:7; Job 19:29 [?]) שַּׁ , שָׁ in שָׁאַתָּה Judg 6:17, and שְׁ in שְׁהוּא Eccl 2:22, שְׁהֵם Eccl 3:18 (elsewhere before guttural שֶׁ, as שֶׁאֲנִי Song 1:6; Eccl 2:18, שֶׁאֵין Ps 146:3, שֶׁהֵם Song 6:5; Lam 4:9, שֶׁעַל Judg 7:12; Judg 8:26, שֶׁרּאֹשִׁי Song 5:2), relative particle who, which, that, etc. (constantly in Late Hebrew; Aramaic of Nerab, Ldzb^{371, 445}; Assyrian sha; Phoenician אש (regularly), also sometimes ש (Ldzb^{227 f.}): according to Ges Ew^{§ 181 b} Ol^{p. 439} Sta^{§ 176 e, abbreviated} from אֲשֶׁר; more probably (Sperling [see אֲשֶׁר], Kö^{ii. 323 f.}) an original demonstrative particle), synonym with אֲשֶׁר, but in usage limited to late Hebrew, and passages with north Palestinian colouring, namely Judg 5:7 (twice in verse) [אֲשֶׁר vJudg 5:27], Judg 6:17; Judg 7:12; Judg 8:26; 2Kgs 6:11 (see 4 c), Jonah 1:7; Jonah 1:12; Jonah 4:10 [אֲשֶׁר 11 t.], Ps 122:3; Ps 122:4; Ps 123:2; Ps 124:1; Ps 124:2; Ps 124:6; Ps 129:6; Ps 129:7; Ps 133:2; Ps 133:3; Ps 135:2; Ps 135:8; Ps 135:10; Ps 136:23; Ps 137:8; Ps 137:9; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:3; Ps 146:5; Lam 2:15; Lam 2:16; Lam 4:9; Lam 5:18; Ezra 8:20; 1Chr 5:20; 1Chr 27:27 Canticles (uniformly, except in title Song 1:1); Ecclesiastes (68 t.; אֲשֶׁא 89 t.); also (dubious) Gen 6:3; Gen 49:10 (שֶׁלֹּה ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7), Job 19:29 and in the proper name (q. v.) מִישָׁאֵל and מְתוּשָׁאֵל. — In usage, שֶּׁ is in the main parallel with אֲשֶׁר, namely

1. as pronoun who, which, whom, Judg 7:12 כַּהוֺל שֶׁעַל שְׂפַת הַיָּם (compare חוֺל c), Ps 122:3; Ps 124:6 etc.; him whom, that which, etc., Song 1:7; Song 3:1; 1Chr 27:27; Eccl 1:11; Eccl 6:3 וְרַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ יְמֵי חַיָּיו and much (verb) is that which his days amount to (Hi De and others), vEccl 6:10 הוּא שֶּׁ that which Eccl 1:9 (twice in verse); in the genitive, אַשְׁרֵי שֶּׁ Ps 137:8; Ps 137:9; Ps 146:5. — On מַהשֶּּֿׁ in Eccl = whatever, what, see מָה 1 e b.

2. as a connecting link; = where (compare אֲשֶׁר p. 81, and 4 b β), מְקוֺם שֶּׁ Eccl 1:7; Eccl 11:3 (compare מְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר Gen 39:20 +: Ges^{«GKC:130c»§ 130c}), whither Ps 122:4 (שֶׁשָּׁם ֗֗֗ ), when Song 8:8; Eccl 12:3 בַּיּוֺם שֶּׁ (compare ib. 4 b a).

3.as a conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8); —
a. that, after רָאָה Eccl 2:13; Eccl 3:18, יָרַע Eccl 1:17; Eccl 2:14; Eccl 9:5; Job 19:19 (?), דִּבֶּר Eccl 2:15, אָמַר Eccl 8:14, עָשָׂה אוֺת Judg 6:17 as subject of sentence, Eccl 3:13; Eccl 5:15 also in the phrases, (a) what is ... that ? Song 5:9 (usually כִּי; see מָךְ 1 d b), מֶה הָיָה שֶּׁ how comes it that ... ? Eccl 7:10
(b) Song 3:4 כִּמְעַט שֶׁעָבַרְתּת מֵהֶם hardly (was it) that (German kaum dass) I had passed, etc., Eccl 7:14 עַל דִּדבְרַת שֶׁלּאֹ יִמְצָא to the intent that ..., Eccl 5:15 כָּלעֻֿמַּת שֶׁבֶּא exactly as ..., Eccl 12:9 תֵר שֶׁ besides that, עַד שֶּׁ (עַד ּ Judg 5:7) until that Ps 123:2; Song 2:7; Song 2:17 + (see III. עַד II 1 a a and b; compare Late Hebrew Yoma Song 5:1), while Song 1:12 (ib. 2 d); עָשָׂהשֶּׁ to make or cause that ..., Eccl 3:14 (compare Ezek 36:27).
b. involving a reason (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c), because, since, Song 1:6 (twice in verse); Song 5:2; Eccl 2:18 b. Hence שֵׁלָּמָה Song 1:7 since why ? = lest (see מָה 4 d b).

4. compounds:
a. בְּשֶּׁ , i. q. בַּאֲשֶׁר c (p. 84a) in that, seeing that, Eccl 2:16 also (according to ᵑ0 ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Hu De) Gen 6:3 בְּשַׁגַּם הוּא בָשָׂר because that he also is flesh; but see שָׁגַג.
b. כּשֶּׁ , i. q. כַּאֲשֶׁר p. 455: — (a) according as Eccl 5:14; Eccl 12:7 (b) when (so often in Late Hebrew, as Ab Eccl 1:8 (3 t. in verse); Eccl 1:14) Eccl 9:12; Eccl 10:3.
c. מִשֶּּׁ , i. q. מֵאֲשֶׁר a (p. 84:a), 2Kgs 6:12 מִי מִשֶּׁלָּנוּ who of those that are ours ? (but Klo Kmp^Kau Benz מְגַלֵּנוּ who betrays us ? compare ᵐ5); Eccl 5:4 than that (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Eccl 3:22), + Eccl 2:24 (read מִשֶּׁיּאֹכַל with Ew De, etc.; compare Eccl 3:22).
d. שֶׁל, like אֲשֶׁרלְ (אֲשֶׁר 7 b), a mark of the genitive: thrice, adding slight emphasis to the suffix, Song 1:6 = Song 8:12 כַּרְמִי שֶׁלִּי my vineyard (literally my vineyard, which is mine), Song 3:7 מִטָּתוֺ שֶׁלִּשְׁלֹמֹה (so often in Late Hebrew, but without any special emphasis, as Aboth Song 1:12 הֲוֵי מתלמידיווּ שׁלאֿהרן be of Aaron's disciples, Song 2:1 שְׂכָרָן שֶׁלמִֿצְוֺת, vSong 2:2; Song 3:2 הֲוֵי מתפלל בשׁלומהּ שׁלמֿלכות; compare in Syriac, as Luke 6:42 my words, Nö^{§ 225}). And with בְּ, בְּשֶׁל literally through that which belongs to or concerns, pleonastic for on account of (a late, unidiomatic translation of Aramaic בְּרִיל, from בְּ, דִּי, and לְ, as in Onk Gen 12:13 בדילי on my account, Gen 30:27; Gen 39:5 בְּדִיל יוֺסֵף, בְּדִיל מָא on account of what ? Judg 8:1; 2Sam 9:1; 1Kgs 11:12; 1Kgs 11:39, etc.), Jonah 1:7 בְּשֶׁלְּמִי on account of whom ? (|| vJonah 1:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי; probably a gloss), vJonah 1:12 בְּשֶׁלִּי an account of me (ᵑ7 בְּדִיל מַן, בְּדִילִי); Eccl 8:17 בְּשֶׁל אֲשֶׁר יַעֲמֹל הָאָדָם לְבַקֵּשׁ on account of (the fact) that (= seeing that) man labours, etc. (unidiomatic translation of Aramaic בְּדִיל דְּ because that, as Gen 6:3 בְּדִיל דְּאִינוּן בִּסְרָא, Gen 39:9 בְּרִיל דְּאַתְּ אִיתְּתֵיהּ [for Hebrew בַּאֲשֶׁר אַתְּ אִשְׁתּוֺ]; Palmyrene בדיל די Ldzb²³³, — in Tariff Gen 1:4 (Cooke^{N. Semitic Inscr. 320}) = ἐπειδή).

[שֹׁא] see [ שׁוֺא].

BDB844 H834

אֲשֶׁר particle of relation (Moabite id.; origin dubious:

1. according to Tsepreghi^{Diss. Lugd. p. 171} Mühlau^{Bö. Lb. ii. 79 n.} Sta^{Morg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167} Hom^{ZMG 1878, 708 ff.} Müll^{§ 153} Sayce^{Hebraica. ii. 51} Lag^{M. i. 255 &} especially Krae^{Hebraica. vi. 298 ff}, originally a substantive 'place' = footstep, mark, (do.), אֲתַר, place, Assyrian ašru, used (see Kraetz.) both as a substantive 'there, where,' and as a relative of place 'where': in Hebrew this development has advanced further, and it has become a relative sign generally. The chief objection to this explanation is that it would isolate Hebrew from the other Semitic languages, in which pronouns are formed regularly from demonstrative roots (compare also Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738}).

2. according to Phi^{St. C. 73} Sperling^{Nota Rel. im Hebr. 1876, 15-22} for אֲשֶׁל, developed from the relative שׁ (q. v.) by (1) the prefixing of either a merely prosthetic א, or, better, a pronominal א (giving rise to אש, the form of the relative in Phoenician), and (2) the addition of the demonstrative root ל [found also in אֵל, אֵלָּה, הַלָּזֶה (q. v.), he who, who (plural)]: the main objection to this explanation is the change of ל to ר, which is hardly rendered probable by the compare of Syriac by side of ᵑ7 הָלְכָּא. 1 seems preferable, the primitive root having acquired different significations in the different Semitic languages, and having been weakened in Hebrew to a mere particle of relation). A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. As a rule אֲשֶׁר is a mere connecting link, and requires to be supplemented (see the grammars) by a pronominal affix, or other word, such as שָׁם, defining the nature of the relation more precisely: e.g. Gen 1:11 אֲשֶׁר זַרֵעוֺבֿוֺ literally as to which, its seed is in it = in which is its seed, Ps 1:4 like the chaff אֲשֶׁרתִּֿדְּפֶנּוּ רוּחַ as to which, the wind drives it = which the wind drives, etc.; & so אֲשֶׁרשָׁ֗֗֗ם = where, אֲשֶׁרמִ֗֗֗שָּׁם = whence, Gen 2:11; Gen 3:23; Gen 20:13 etc. Sometimes also (see below) the relation expressed by it is specifically temporal, local causal, etc. More particularly

1. it includes its pronominal antecedent, whether in the nominative or oblique cases, as Num 22:6 וַאֲשֶׁר תָּאֹר יוּאָר and he whom thou cursest is cursed, Exod 4:12 and I will teach thee אֲשֶׁר תְּדַבֵּר that which thou shalt say; and with particles or prepositions, as אֵת אֲשֶׁר (according to the context) him who . . ., those who . . ., that which . . .; לַאֲשֶׁר to him who . . . Gen 43:16, to those who . . . Gen 47:24, to that which Gen 27:8 מֵאֲשֶׁר Judg 16:30; 2Sam 18:18 than those whom; Lev 27:24 לַאֲשֶׁר קָנָהוּ מֵאִתּוֺ to him from whom he bought it, Num 5:7; Isa 24:2 כַּאֲשֶׁר נשֶׁא בוֺ like him against whom there is a creditor.

2. instances of אֲשֶׁר followed by a pronominal affix, or by שָׁם, שָֽׁמָּה, מִשָּׁם, are so common that the examples cited above will be sufficient. Very rarely there occurs the anomalous construction עִם אֲשֶׁר Gen 31:32 for אֲשֶׁר עִמּוֺ (see Gen 44:9), בַּאֲשֶׁר Isa 47:12 for אֲשֶׁר בָּהֶם, לַאֲשֶׁר for אֲשֶׁרלָ֗֗֗הֶם Ezek 23:40: Ps 119:49 see under על אשׁר. It is followed by the pronoun in the nominative, in the following cases: —
(a) immediately, mostly before an adjective or participle, Gen 9:3 all moving things אֲשֶׁר הוּאחַֿי which are living, Lev 11:26; Num 9:13; Num 14:8; Num 14:27; Num 35:31; Deut 20:20; 1Sam 10:19 (see Dr) 2Kgs 25:19 (|| Jer 52:25 היה) Jer 27:9; Ezek 43:19; Hag 1:9; Ruth 4:15; Neh 2:18; Eccl 7:26 before a verb 2Kgs 22:13 (omitted 2Chr 34:21).
(b) in a negative sentence, at the end: Gen 7:2; Gen 17:12; Num 17:5; Deut 17:15 אֲשֶׁר לֹא אָחִיךָ הוּא who is not thy brother, Deut 20:15; Judg 19:12; 1Kgs 8:41 || 1Kgs 9:20 ||.

N.B. Ps 16:3 אֲשֶׁר בָּאָרֶץ הֵ֑מָּה is an unparalleled expression for 'who are in the land'; read ׳אֲשֶׁר בָּאָ֑רֶץ הֵמָּה אַדִּירֵי וג 'the saints that are in the land, they (המה) are the nobles, in whom,' etc.

3. sometimes (though rarely) the defining adjunct is a pronoun of 1 or 2 person as well as of 3 person. In such cases it is strictly to be rendered I who . . ., thou who, etc.; Hos 14:4 אֲשֶׁרבְּֿךָ יְרֻחַם יָתוֺם thou by whom the fatherless is compassionated ! Jer 31:32 I, whose covenant they brake, Jer 32:19; Isa 49:23; Job 37:17f. thou whose garments are warm . . ., canst thou ? etc., Ps 71:19; Ps 71:20; Ps 144:12 we whose sons, etc., Ps 139:15 my frame was not hidden from thee, אֲ֯שֶׁרעֻֿשֵּׂיתִי בַסֵּתֶר I who was wrought in secret (= though I was wrought in secret), Exod 14:13 for ye who have seen the Egyptians to-day, — ye shall not see them again for ever! (compare Ps 41:9).

4. the defining pron. adjunct is dispensed with —
a. when אֲשֶׁר represents the simple subject of a sentence, or the direct object of a verb: so constantly, as Gen 2:1 the work אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה which he made, Gen 3:3 the tree אֲשֶׁר בְּתוֺךְ הַגָּן which is in the midst of the garden, etc.
b. after words denoting time, place, or manner, so that אֲשֶׁר then becomes equivalent to when, where, why:
(a) Gen 6:4 אַחֲרֵי כֵן אֲשֶׁר afterwards, when, etc. (compare 2Chr 35:20) Gen 45:6 there are still 5 years אֲשֶׁר אֵין חָרִישׁ when there shall be no plowing, Josh 14:10; 1Kgs 22:25 after יוֺם or הַיּוֺם Deut 4:10; Judg 4:14; 1Sam 24:5 (see Dr) 2Sam 19:25; Jer 20:14 and elsewhere; similarly Gen 40:13. (β) Gen 35:13 בַּמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אִתּוֺ in the place where he spake with him, vGen 35:14; Gen 39:20; Num 13:27; Num 22:26; Deut 1:31 in the desert which thou sawest, where (accents Ke Di), Deut 8:15; 1Kgs 8:9 (unless לוּחוֺת הַבְּרִית has here fallen out: see ᵐ5 & Deut 9:9) Isa 55:11; Isa 64:10; Ps 84:4. So (γ) in אֶל אֲשֶׁר to (the place) which (or whither) Exod 32:34; Ruth 1:16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר to every (place) whither Josh 1:16; Prov 17:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר in (the place) where Judg 5:27; Judg 17:8; Judg 17:9; 1Sam 23:13; 2Kgs 8:1; Ruth 1:16; Ruth 1:17; Job 39:30, once only with שָׁם Gen 21:17 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר wheresoever Josh 1:7; Josh 1:9; Judg 2:15; 1Sam 14:47; 1Sam 18:5; 2Sam 7:7; 2Kgs 18:7 מֵאֲשֶׁר from (the place) where = whencesoever Exod 5:11; Ruth 2:9 עַלאֲֿשֶׁר to (the place) whither (or which) 2Sam 15:20; 1Kgs 18:12 עַלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר Jer 1:7. (δ) זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ this is the reason that or why . . . Josh 5:4; 1Kgs 11:27.
c. more extreme instances Lev 14:22; Lev 14:30; Lev 14:31; Num 6:21; Deut 7:19 (wherewith), Deut 28:20; 1Sam 2:32 (wherein), 1Kgs 2:26; Judg 8:15 (about whom), Isa 8:12 (where יאמר would be followed normally by לוֺ), Isa 31:6 turn ye to (him as to) whom they have deeply rebelled, Isa 47:15; Zeph 3:11; Eccl 3:9; 1Kgs 14:19 (= how).
d. it is dispensed with only in appearance after ׅ׳אֲשֶׁר אָמַר (אָמַרְתִּי וג followed by the words used, its place being really taken by a pronoun in the speech which follows, as Gen 3:17 the tree as to which I commanded thee saying, Thou shalt not eat from it, Exod 22:8; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4 (זֶה) Judg 8:15 (where the noun repeated takes the place of the pronoun, compare Deut 9:2) 1Sam 9:17 (זֶה):23 +; compare 2Sam 11:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4.

5. אֲשֶׁר sometimes in poetry = one who, a man who (men who), ὅστις, οἵτινες, Ps 24:4; Ps 55:20; Ps 95:4; Ps 95:5; Job 4:19; Job 5:5; Job 9:5 (Hi) Job 15:17.

6. אֲשֶׁר occasionally receives its closer definition by a substantive following it, in other words, its logical antecedent is inserted in the relative clause:
(a) in the phrase peculiar to Jeremiah, ׳אֶל יר ׳אֲשֶׁר הָיָה דְבַר י that which came (of) the word of ׳י to Jeremiah Jer 14:1; Jer 46:1; Jer 47:1; Jer 49:34 (compare Ew^{§ 334});
(b) Exod 25:9; Num 33:4; 1Sam 25:30; 2Kgs 8:12; 2Kgs 12:6 לְכֹל אֲשֶׁריִֿמָּצֵא שָׁם בָּֽדֶק׃ Ezek 12:25 compare the Ethiopic usage Di^{§ 201};
(c) (antecedant repeated) Gen 49:30 = Gen 50:13, 1Sam 25:30 (׳י repeated), Isa 54:9 (probably) as to which I sware that, etc., Amos 5:1 which I take up over you (as) a dirge.

7. ׳אֲשֶׁר ל that (belongs, belong, belonged) to, is used
a. either alone or preceded by כָּלֿ to express (all) that (belongs) to, as Gen 14:23 מִכָּלאֲֿשֶׁרלְֿךָ of all that is thine, Gen 31:1 מֵאֲשֶׁר לְאָבִינוּ of that which was our father's, Gen 32:24 & sent over אֶתאֲֿשֶׁרלֿוֺ that which he had, + often
b. as a circumlocution of the genitive, as Gen 29:9 עִםהַֿצּאֹן אֲשֶׁר לְאָבִיהָ with the sheep that were her father's, Gen 40:5; Gen 47:4; Lev 9:8; Judg 6:11; 1Sam 25:7 הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁרלְֿךָ, 2Sam 14:31 אֶתהַֿחֶלְקָה אֲשֶׁרלִֿי, 2Sam 23:8; 1Kgs 1:8; 1Kgs 1:33 עַל הַפִּרְדָּה אֲשֶׁרלִֿי upon mine own mule, v1Kgs 1:49; 1Kgs 4:2; 2Kgs 11:10; 2Kgs 16:13; Ruth 2:21 and especially in the case of a compound expression depending on a single genitive, as Gen 23:9; Gen 40:5; Gen 41:43 מִרְכֶּבֶת הַמִּשְׁנֶה אֲשֶׁרלֿוֺ the chariot of the second rank which he had, Exod 38:30; Judg 3:20; Judg 6:25; 1Sam 17:40; 1Sam 21:8 אֲבִיר הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁר לְשָׁאוּל the mightiest of Saul's herdmen, 1Sam 24:5 אֶתכְּֿנַףהַֿמְּעִיל אֲשֶׁרלְֿשָׁאוּל, 2Sam 2:8 Saul's captain of the host, 1Kgs 10:28; 1Kgs 15:20; 1Kgs 22:31; Jer 52:17; Ruth 4:3.
c. with names of places (especially such as do not readily admit the stative construct) Judg 18:28; Judg 19:14 הַגִּבְעָה אֲשֶׁר לְבִנְיָמִין Gibeah (the hill) of Benjamin, Judg 20:4; 1Sam 17:1; 1Kgs 15:27; 1Kgs 16:15; 1Kgs 17:9; 1Kgs 19:3; 2Kgs 14:11. compare שֶׁל (q. v.) which in Rabb, like the Aramaic -דִּיל, , is in habitual use as a mark of the genitive. — N.B. In Aramaic also דּי, , without ל, expresses the genitive relation, as מִלְּתָא דִימַֿלְכָּא, literally the word, that of the king = the word of the king. The few apparent cases of a similar use of אשׁר are, however, too foreign to the general usage of the language to be regarded otherwise than as due to textual error: 1Sam 13:8 read אֲשֶׁר אָמַר (or שָׂם Exod 19:5) שְׁמוּאֵל (ᵐ5 εἶπε); 1Kgs 11:25 supply עָשָׂה (ᵐ5 ἣν ἐποίησεν); 2Kgs 25:10 supply אֵת with (as || Jer 52:14); 2Chr 34:22 read וַאֲשֶׁר אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ (compare ᵐ5) and those whom the king appointed (abbreviated from 2Kgs 22:14); compare Ew^{§ 292 a, b} with note.

8. אֲשֶׁר becomes, like Aramaic דּי, , a conjunction approximating in usage to כִּי: thus
a. = quod, ὅτι, that, subordinating an entire sentence to a verb of knowing, remembering, etc.
(a) with אֵת Deut 9:7 forget not אֵת אֲשֶׁר הִקְצַפְתָּ the fact that (= how) thou provokedst, etc., Deut 29:15; Josh 2:10; 1Sam 24:11; 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 11:20 know ye not אֵת אֲשֶׁריֹֿרוּ how they shoot from off the wall ? 2Kgs 8:12; Isa 38:3 + often As subject (rare) 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 14:15; 2Kgs 20:20. Of time (peculiarly) 2Sam 14:15 עַתָּה אֲשֶׁר now (is it) that . . . Zech 8:20 (probably) yet (shall it be) that . . . vZech 8:23 compare כִּמְעַט שֶׁ Song 3:4. (β) without אֵת (not very common, כִּי being usually employed): after יָדַע Exod 11:7; Ezek 20:26 (very strange in Ezekiel: see Hi) Job 9:5 (Ew De Di) Eccl 8:12, רָאָה Deut 1:31 (RV) 1Sam 18:15, הִתְוַדָּה to confess Lev 5:5; Lev 26:40 b, הִשְׁבִּיעַ 1Kgs 22:16 (caused to swear that . . .); after a noun Isa 38:7 הָאוֺת אֲשֶׁר the sign that . . . (|| 2Kgs 20:9 כִּי): with growing frequency in late Hebrew, 2Chr 2:7, and especially Nehemiah, Esther: Neh 2:5; Neh 2:10; Neh 7:65 (= Ezra 2:63) Neh 8:14; Neh 8:15; Neh 10:31; Neh 13:1; Neh 13:19; Neh 13:22; Neh 2:10; Neh 3:4; Neh 4:11; Neh 6:2; Neh 8:11; (מֵאֲשֶׁר) Eccl 5:4; Eccl 7:18 (with טוֺב: contrast Ruth 2:22) vRuth 2:22 vRuth 2:29; Ruth 8:12; Ruth 8:14; Ruth 9:1; Dan 1:8 (twice in verse). (γ) prefixed to a direct citation, like כִּי q. v. (= ὅτι recitativum) (rare) 1Sam 15:20; 2Sam 1:4; 2Sam 2:4 (see Dr) Ps 10:6 (probably), Neh 4:6.
b. it is resolvable into so that: Gen 11:7 אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִשְׁמְעוּ so that they understand not, etc., Gen 13:16; Gen 22:14 אֲשֶׁר יֵאָמֵר so that it is said, Exod 20:26; Deut 4:10; Deut 4:40 אֲשֶׁר יִיטַב לְךָ Deut 6:3; Deut 28:27; Deut 28:51; 1Kgs 3:12; 1Kgs 3:13; 2Kgs 9:37; Mal 3:19.
c. it has a causal force, forasmuch as, in that, since: Gen 30:18; Gen 31:49 and Mizpah, אֲשֶׁר אָמַר for that he said, Gen 34:13; Gen 34:27; Gen 42:21 we are guilty, אֲשֶׁר רָאִינוּ we who saw (or, in that we saw), Num 20:13 Meribah, because they strove there, Deut 3:24; Josh 4:7; Josh 4:23; Josh 22:31; Judg 9:17; 1Sam 2:23; 1Sam 15:15; 1Sam 20:42 go in peace, אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְנוּ forasmuch as we have sworn, 1Sam 25:26 thou whom (= or, seeing that) ׳י hath withholden, 2Sam 2:5 blessed are ye of ׳י, אֲשֶׁר עֲשִׂיתֶם, who (οἵτινες) have done (or in that ye have done), 1Kgs 3:19; 1Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 12:3; 2Kgs 17:4; 2Kgs 23:26; (Hi De Now). Here also belongs its use in אֲשֶׁר לָמָּה since why . . . ? (= lest) Dan 1:10: see below לָמָּה. On אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן forasmuch as Job 34:27 see below כִּי עַל כֵּן.
d. it expresses a condition (rare & peculiar): Lev 4:22 אֲשֶׁר נָשִׂיא יֶחֱטָא in (case) that = when (or if) a ruler sinneth (Lev 4:3 vLev 4:13 vLev 4:37 אִם), Num 5:29 (explained differently by Ew^{§ 334 a}), Deut 11:27 and the blessing אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁמְעוּ if ye hearken (Deut 11:28 אִם), Deut 18:22 Ges, Josh 4:21 אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁאָלוּן ֗֗֗ when they ask . . ., then . . . (Josh 4:6 כִּי), Isa 31:4. In 1Kgs 8:33 (|| 2Chr 6:24 כִּי, compare Kings v2Chr 6:35 v2Chr 6:37) אֲשֶׁר may be rendered indifferently because or when. Once, similarly, אֵת אֲשֶׁר 1Kgs 8:31 (|| אִם).
e. perhaps (exceptionally) = כַּאֲשֶׁר, as, Jer 33:22; Isa 54:9 (followed by כֵּן; but כֵּן q. v. sometimes stands without כאשׁר, & אשׁר may in these passages connect with what precedes); according to some also Jer 48:8; Ps 106:34 (in a connection where כַּאֲשֶׁר would be more usual: אֲשֶׁר may however be the object of אָמַר). In 1Sam 16:7 אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה הָאָדָם read כַּאֲשֶׁר, see Dr. feminine combined with prepositions, אֲשֶׁר converts them into conjunctions: see below, בַּאֲשֶׁר, כַּאֲשֶׁר, מֵאֲשֶׁר. On its use similarly with (אַחֲרֵי) אַחַר, מִבְּלִי, בַּעֲבוּר, עַל דְּבַר, יַעַן, לְמַעַן, כְּפִי, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, מִפְּנֵי, תַּחַת, see these words. — הַאֲשֶׁר, with ה interrogative, occurs once, 2Kgs 6:22. In Deut 15:14 also read כַּאֲשֶׁר: note ברכך before.

Note 1. אֲשֶׁר being a connecting link, without any perfectly corresponding equivalent in English, its force is not unfrequently capable of being represented in more than one way. See e.g. 2Sam 2:5 (above 8 c), Isa 28:12 unto whom he said, or for that he said to them.

Note 2. The opinion that אֲשֶׁר has an asseverative force (like כִּי, q. v.), or introduces the apodosis, is not probably, being both alien to its general usage & not required by the passages alleged. Render Isa 8:20 either 'Surely according to this word will those speak who have no dawn,' or '. . . will they speak when (compare above 8 d Deut 11:27; Josh 4:21) they have no dawn.'

BDB845 H834

בַּאֲשֶׁר ₁₉
a. in (that) which . . . Isa 56:4; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 (above 1); Eccl 3:9 in (that, in) which (4 c); Isa 47:12 (see 2). b. adverb in (the place) where: above 4 b (γ). c. conjunction in that, inasmuch as, Gen 39:9; Gen 39:23; Eccl 7:2; Eccl 8:4 compare .
d. Jonah 1:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי on account of whom ? (בַּאֲשֶׁר לְ on account of, framed on model of Aramaic בְּדִיל: see below שֶׁל).

כַּאֲשֶׁר see below כְּ.

BDB846 H834

מֵאֲשֶׁר₁₇
a. from (or than) that which (him, them, etc., that . . .) Gen 3:11; Exod 29:27 (twice in verse); Num 6:11 (see Lev 4:26; Josh 10:11; Judg 16:30; Isa 47:13 +; than that . . . Eccl 3:22 לְבַד מֵאֲשֶׁר Esth 4:11. b. adverb from (the place) where: above 4 a (β). c. conjunction from (the fact) that . . ., since Isa 43:4.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb^{267. 446} RES³⁶¹ S-C^{Pap. A 2} +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K^{§ 103.}

2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K^{§ 81.}

3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.

4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb²⁹³ SAC^{G1 62, 63} Cooke^{369 b RES:361}; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

which, that, as, whom, who, …

ʾăšer

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

(relative part.)

which, who

that (in obj clause)

דִּבֶּ֥ר

Root word spake, speak, spoken, said, speaking, …

Dictionary form: דָבַר · daw-BAHR

Verb — Piel, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular intensive — "he really / thoroughly did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: had said

spake ×193 speak ×100 hath spoken ×39 he spake ×29 and spake ×27 have spoken ×26 to speak ×20 and speak ×18

More options

speak — Most versatile modern rendering; fits nearly all contexts.

say — Prefer for short, direct speech or quotation introductions.

tell — Use when emphasis is on conveying information to someone.

declare — Suits formal, public, or solemn proclamations.

talk — More conversational; good for dialogue or extended exchange.

announce — Best when the speech is a public or official pronouncement.

BDB1815 H1696

[דָּבַר]₁₁₄₂ verb speak (original meaning dubious; range in order Thes is conjectural and not comprehensive enough; treiben MV does not explain Arabic or Hebrew usage, but only Aramaic A meaning go away, sustained by Arabic go away with it, would best explain the four branches of usage: — (1) Arabic depart, perish, IV. retreat, figurative retrograde, decline; passing away, death; Assyrian dabâru, Pi`el drive away, Bez^{Orient. Diplom, Vocab.}, Dibbara, pest-god, Hpt. in KAT^{2. 500}, דֶּבֶר pestilence. (2) Arabic follow behind, in time, place, or station; part behind, back, דְּבִיר hindmost chamber of temple. (3) Syriac lead, guide, cattle, sheep, government, take a wife, = Aramaic דְּבַר; Syriac , Aramaic דַּבָּר leader; Syriac , Aramaic דַּבָּרָא guidance; Syriac , Aramaic דַּבְרָא, Hebrew דֹּבֶר; Syriac , Aramaic מַדְבְּרָא, Hebrew מִדְבָּר pasture, wilderness; Arabic , Syriac , Aramaic דַּבַּרְתָא, Hebrew דְּבוֺרָה swarm of bees, may be in this line, as led by their queen, so Thes. (4) Arabic consider the end or issue (of an affair), relate (a story or tradition); consider, plan against; Phoenician דבר speak; Hebrew דִּבֶּר etc. Synonym of אָמַר say, as Aramaic מַלֵּל with אֲמַר; Greek λαλεῖν, λέγειν; Lat loqui, dicere; German reden, sagen) —

Qal₄₁ only infinitive (once ?) & participle: Infinitive suffix בְּדָבְרֶ֑ךָ (by attraction to בְּשָׁפְטֶ֑ךָ for usual Piel) Ps 51:6 Participle דֹּבֵר Exod 6:29 + 30 t.; plural דֹּבְרִים Num 36:5; Ps 109:20 construct דֹּבְרֵי Ps 5:7 + 3 t.; feminine דֹּבְרוֺת Num 27:7; Ps 31:19 passive דָּבֻר Prov 25:11 — speak, absolute Num 27:7; Num 32:27; Num 36:5 (P) Ps 51:6 (?); דָּבָר דָּבֻר word spoken Prov 25:11 with accusative of thing דֹּבֵר דָּבָר speaking a word Job 2:13 אמת Ps 15:2, תמים Amos 5:10, (מ)ישׁרים Prov 16:13; Isa 33:15, צדק Isa 45:19, שׁלום Esth 10:3; Ps 28:3, שׁקר(יםׅ Ps 63:12; Ps 101:7; Jer 40:16, כזב Ps 5:7; Ps 58:4, רע Ps 109:20, נבלה Isa 9:16, הַוַּת נפשׁו Mic 7:3 with אֶל of person, unto Gen 16:13 (J) Exod 6:29 (P) Jer 38:20; Jer 40:16; Dan 10:11; Jonah 3:2 בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Deut 5:1; Jer 28:7 עַל concerning, about Ps 31:19; Ps 109:20; Jer 32:42 (sometimes rendered against, but dubious); עִם with Ps 28:3 הַמַּלְאָךְ הַדֹּבֵר בִּי the angel that spake with me (as a prophet, an instrument of communicating with Israel) Zech 1:9; Zech 1:13; Zech 1:14; Zech 2:2; Zech 2:7; Zech 4:1; Zech 4:4; Zech 4:5; Zech 5:5; Zech 5:10; Zech 6:4 (see preposition בְּ III. 2 Ew^{§ 217 f.} (3)). Niph`al₄ Perfect נִדְבְּרוּ Mal 3:16, נִדְבָּ֑רוּ Ps 119:23, נִדְבַּרְנוּ Mal 3:13 Participle הַנִּדְבָּרִים Ezek 33:30 reciprocal sense, speak with one another, talk, absolute Mal 3:16 with בְּ, against Ps 119:23; Ezek 33:30 with עַל, concerning, about Mal 3:13 (RV against, see Ew^{§ 217 i}.) Pi`el₁₀₈₉ Perfect דִּבֶּר Gen 12:4 +, דִּבֵּ֑ר Gen 21:1 + (on דִּבֶּ֑ר Exod 12:25; Deut 26:19 see Bö^{§ 1021 d} (1) Kö^{i, 188}); Imperfect יְדַבֵּר Gen 44:7 +, יְדַבֶּרֿ Gen 44:18 +; תְּדַבְּרוּן Gen 32:20, תְּדַבֵּר֑וּן Ps 58:2 Imperative דַּבֵּר Gen 24:38 +, דַּבֶּרֿ Exod 11:2 +; Infinitive דַּבֵּר Gen 24:50 +, דַּבֶּרֿ Isa 59:13 +; Participle מְדַבֵּר Gen 27:6 +; feminine מְדַבֶּרֶת 1Sam 1:13 +; — (הַדִּבֵּר Jer 5:13, infinitive Ki⁴⁸, probably Ol^{§ 182 e} Kö^{§ 23 (5)}, perhaps MV; but more probably a noun, as Ges^{«GKC:52»§ 52} (2), Anm. 3 Ew^{§ 156 a}, dubious perfect as Sta^{§ 222}; בְּיוֺם דִּבֶּר Exod 6:28; Num 3:1; Deut 4:15 תְּחִלַּת דִּבֶּרֿ Hos 1:2, infinitive Ki⁴⁸ Bö^{§ 987} (7) Kö^{§ 23} (5); but more probably perfect, as Ges^{«GKC:52»§ 52} (2). Anm. 3); — speak,

1. absolute Deut 18:17 + (throughout the literature) usually with לֵאמֹר, less frequently וַיּאֹמֶר: 2Kgs 18:28 +, compare the phrases ) דברתי׳אני (י Ezek 5:13 + 18 t. Ezekiel; דבר ׳כי י Isa 1:2; Isa 21:17; Isa 22:25; Isa 24:3; Isa 25:8; Jer 13:15; Joel 4:8; Obad 1:18 דבר ׳כי פי י Isa 1:20; Isa 40:5; Isa 58:14; Mic 4:4 פי ידבר Ps 49:4 (י)דבר פי Ps 66:14; Ps 145:21 השׁכם ודבר Jer 7:13; Jer 25:3; Jer 35:14 עוד זה מדבר Job 1:16; Job 1:17; Job 1:18.

2. with accusative of thing, very frequently, ׳ד את הדברים האלה Exod 20:1; Deut 5:19 +; לָמָּה תְּדַבֵּר עוֺד דְּבָרֶיךָ why speakest thou any more of thy affairs ? 2Sam 19:30 עַד אִםדִּֿבַּרְתִּי דְּבָרָ֑י until I have told my errand Gen 24:33 seldom followed by דָּבָר indefinite; as דָּבָר ׳ד Isa 58:13 speak a (mere, empty) word; so probably also דְּבָרִים ׳ד Hos 10:4 with other nouns, e.g. דבר קשׁות spake rough words Gen 42:7; Gen 42:30 (E); גבהה ׳ד proud words 1Sam 2:3 טבות friendly words Jer 12:6 טוב 1Sam 19:4; 1Kgs 22:13; Esth 7:9 שׁקר Isa 59:3 +, כזב Dan 11:27, אמת Jer 9:4 +, שׁוא Ps 12:3 +; דבר שׁיר utter, sing a song Judg 5:12 משׁל 1Kgs 5:12 יְהוּדִית the Jewish language Neh 13:24 סרה rebellion Deut 13:6; Jer 28:16; Jer 29:32.

3. with persons:
a. rarely accusative יָָֽכְלוּ דַבְּרוֺ לְשָׁלֹם they could [not] speak unto him peaceably Gen 37:4 (J; but Ew^{§ 282 a} about him); וַיְדַבֵּר ֗֗֗ אֹתָם Num 26:3 (P, but text corrupt see Di; not satisfactory explanation yet given, possibly read אִתָּם see d).
b. most frequently with אֶל throughout the literature: Gen 8:15 +; compare phrases אֶל משֶׁה לֵאמֹר ׳וַיְדַבֵּר י Exod 6:10 + 87 t. P; but אל משׁה לך ׳וידבּר י Exod 32:7; Exod 33:1 (JE); דבּר אל אהרן Lev 6:18 + 8 t. (P); ישׂראל דבר אל בני Exod 6:9 + 38 t. (P); elsewhere, Exod 19:6 (E) Deut 1:3; Deut 4:45 (D); אל (כל) העדה ׳ד Exod 12:3; Lev 19:2; Num 16:24; Num 16:26 (P); אל לב ׳ד speak unto one's heart Gen 24:45, i.e. to oneself, compare also על לִבָּהּ ׳ד 1Sam 1:13, see 5 below; אל is used inexactly for על 1Sam 3:12; 1Kgs 16:12; Isa 16:13; Jer 27:13; Jer 30:4; Jer 33:14; Jer 36:7; Jer 36:31; Jer 40:2; Jer 50:1; Jer 51:12; Jer 51:62 where it is rendered concerning or against.
c. with לְ speak to 1Kgs 2:19; Ezek 32:21; Dan 2:4 ליהוה speak, sing to Yahweh words of a song Josh 10:12 (D) 2Sam 22:1 (= Ps 18:1 title); in D, דבר ל promise to, in phrases ) ל׳כאשׁר דבר(י Deut 1:11; Deut 1:21; Deut 6:3; Deut 9:3; Deut 10:9; Deut 11:25; Deut 12:20; Deut 15:6; Deut 18:2; Deut 26:18; Deut 27:3; Deut 29:12; Josh 13:14; Josh 13:33; Josh 22:4; Josh 23:5; Josh 23:10 (all D); אשׁר דבר ל Deut 9:28; 1Kgs 8:24; 1Kgs 8:25; 1Kgs 8:26 (= 2Chr 6:15; 2Chr 6:16; 2Chr 6:17). — דבר ל Gen 24:7; Gen 28:15; Gen 49:28; Exod 32:34 (J) Josh 9:21 (P) Judg 14:7; 2Sam 23:3; Isa 30:10; Zech 9:10 usually rendered speak to, but often rather promise to. הֲיֵשׁ לְדַבֶּרלָֿךְ אֶלהַֿמֶּלֶךְ is it possible to speak for thee unto the king ? 2Kgs 4:13 (by attraction to לַעֲשׂוֺת לָךְ).
d. with אֵת speak with Gen 17:3; Gen 17:22; Gen 17:23; Gen 21:2; Gen 23:8; Gen 34:6; Gen 34:8; Gen 35:13; Gen 35:15; Exod 25:22; Exod 31:18; Exod 34:29; Exod 34:33; Exod 34:34; Exod 34:35; Num 3:1; Num 7:89; Josh 22:15; Josh 22:21 (all P) Gen 35:14; Gen 41:9; Gen 42:7; Gen 45:15; Josh 17:14 (all E) Deut 5:21 sources of Samuel Kings Chronicles, 2Sam 3:27; 2Sam 7:7 = 1Chr 17:6; 1Kgs 8:15 = 2Chr 6:4; 1Kgs 22:24 = 2Chr 18:23; 2Chr 10:10 ( = אל 1Kgs 12:10) Jer 5:5; Jer 7:22; Jer 9:7; Jer 35:2; Jer 38:25; Jer 3:22; Jer 3:24; Jer 3:27; Jer 14:4; Jer 20:3; Jer 44:5; compare phrases דבר חד את אחד speak one with another Ezek 33:30 דבר משׁפטים את speak judgments with, usually = give judgment against, (not Jer 12:1), Jer 1:16; Jer 4:12; Jer 12:1; Jer 39:5; Jer 52:9 (= 2Kgs 25:6); דבר טבות את speak kindly with 2Kgs 25:28 = Jer 52:32.
e. with עִם speak with, (not P), Gen 29:9; Gen 31:24; Gen 31:29; Exod 19:9; Exod 20:19 (twice in verse); Exod 20:22; Exod 33:9; Num 11:17; Num 22:19; Josh 24:27 (all J E) Deut 5:4; Deut 9:10; Judg 6:17; 1Sam 9:25 (ᵐ5 Th We Dr וַיִּרְבְּדוּ לְ spread a couch for) 1Sam 17:23; 2Sam 13:22; 1Kgs 1:14; 1Kgs 1:22; 2Kgs 6:33; 2Kgs 18:26; 2Chr 9:1 (= אֶל 1Kgs 10:2) Neh 9:18; Esth 6:14; Jer 32:4; Dan 8:18; Dan 9:22; Dan 10:11; Dan 10:15; Dan 10:17; Dan 10:19; Hos 12:5 דִּבַּרְתִּי אֲנִי עִם לִבִּי I spake, communed with my heart Eccl 1:16. feminine לִפְנֵי before, in the presence of Exod 6:12; Num 36:1 (P) Judg 11:11; 1Kgs 3:22; Esth 8:3.

4. with בְּ
a. instrumental, דבר בְּ speak with, by, or by means of a person (see above Qal near the end) Num 12:2 (twice in verse); Num 12:6; Num 12:8 (E) 2Sam 23:2 (compare Dr), 1Kgs 22:28 = 2Chr 18:27; Hab 2:1 בְּשֵׁם דִּבֶּר speak in the name of Exod 5:23 (J) Deut 18:19; Deut 18:20 (twice in verse); Deut 18:22; 1Chr 21:19; Jer 20:9; Jer 26:16; Jer 29:23; Jer 44:16; Dan 9:6; Zech 13:3 ביד by the hand of Num 17:5; Num 27:23; (P) 1Sam 28:17; 1Kgs 8:53 + 13 t. Kings, 2Chr 10:15 (= 1Kgs 12:15) Isa 20:2; Jer 37:2; Jer 50:1; Ezek 38:17.
b. local (figurative), בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Gen 20:8 (E) Exod 11:2; Deut 32:44 (J) Gen 23:16; Num 14:28; Josh 20:4 (P) Deut 31:28; Deut 31:30; Judg 9:2; Judg 9:3; 1Sam 8:21; 1Sam 11:4; 1Sam 25:24; 2Sam 3:19 (twice in verse); Jer 26:15; Prov 23:9 בלב דבר speak in the heart Eccl 2:15.
c. of the object, speak of, about (preposition בְּ IV. e Ew^{§ 217 f}, (2)) Deut 6:7; Deut 11:19; 1Sam 19:3; 1Sam 19:4; Ps 119:46; Ps 122:8 propose for (a wife) 1Sam 25:39 (compare Song 8:8).
d. of hostility, against (Ew^{§ 217 f}, (1)) Num 12:1; Num 12:8; Num 21:5; Num 21:7 (E) Job 19:18; Ps 50:20; Ps 78:19.
e. of price, בְּנַפְשׁוֺ at the cost of his life 1Kgs 2:23 (see בְּ III. 3).

5. with עַל, of the object concerning or about which one speaks Gen 18:19; Num 10:29 (J) Josh 23:14 (D) Judg 9:3; 1Sam 25:30; 1Kgs 2:4; 1Kgs 2:27; 1Kgs 5:13 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 14:2; 1Kgs 22:23 (= 2Chr 18:22), 2Kgs 10:10; 2Kgs 19:21 = Isa 37:22; 1Chr 22:11; 2Chr 23:3; Jer 1:16; Jer 18:7; Jer 18:8; Jer 18:9; Jer 42:19. It may have this sense in most if not all of the following, where RV renders 1Kgs 2:18; 1Kgs 2:19; Esth 7:9; Jer 18:20 for; 2Chr 32:16; Neh 6:12; Jer 11:17; Jer 16:10; Jer 25:13; Jer 26:13; Jer 26:19; Jer 35:17; Ezek 36:5; Dan 9:12; Dan 11:36; Hos 7:13; Amos 3:1 against; and 1Kgs 9:5; 2Kgs 22:19; Jer 10:1; Jer 19:15 unto (על is used for אל unto 2Chr 32:19; Jer 6:10; Jer 25:2; Jer 26:2; Hos 12:11); compare the phrase דבר על לב speak upon the heart, speak kindly, comfort Gen 34:3; Gen 50:21 (E) Judg 19:3; Ruth 2:13; 1Sam 1:13 (seemingly from context על for אל, to her heart, to herself, see Dr), 2Sam 19:8; 2Chr 30:22; 2Chr 32:6; Isa 40:2; Hos 2:16.

6. with infin. דבר לעשׂות promise to do Exod 32:14 (J) Deut 1:14; Ezek 6:10; Jonah 3:10 דבר לתת promise to give Deut 19:8 דבר למחות threaten to blot out 2Kgs 14:27 compare דבר להזהיר i.e. so as to warn Ezek 3:18; Ezek 33:8.

Note. — וַתָּקָם וַתְּדַבֵּר אֶתכָּֿלזֶֿרַע הַמַּמְלָכָה 2Chr 22:10 ᵐ5 ἀπώλεσε, ᵑ9 interfecit, scribal error for וַתְּאַבֵּד 2Kgs 11:1. Other explanations: plot against, waylay (Arabic ) Thes MV; pronounce sentence, elliptical וַתְּדַבֵּר מִשְׁפָּטִים Ges^Hdw Rob; but compare VB. —

Pu`al Imperfect בַּיּוֺם שֶׁיְּדֻבַּרבָּֿהּ in the day when she may be spoken for Song 8:8 (see Pi`el 4 c); Participle נִכְבָּדוֺת מְדֻבָּר בָּךְ glorious things are being spoken in thee (RV Pe MV of thee) Ps 87:3. Hithpa`el Participle מִדַּבֵּר = מִתְדַּבֵּר with accusative מִדַּבֵּר הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה speaking this word 2Sam 14:13 ׳שָׁמַע (אֵת הַקּוֺל) מִדַּבֵּר אֶל heard (the voice, or) one speaking unto Num 7:89 (P) Ezek 2:2; Ezek 43:6 (Di Num 7:89 would read מְדַבֵּר after ᵐ5; the meaning not appreciably different from Piel; the Hithpa`el difficult to reconcile with אֶל). Hiph`il Imperfect וַיַּדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתָּי Ps 18:48 (2Sam 22:48 has וּמֹרִיד for rare וַיַּדְבֵּר), יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ Ps 47:4 either (compare Aramaic דַּבַּר) leads subject (so Ges coegit, De Now), or (compare Arabic turn the back, retreat) puts to flight, figurative for subdues (so Hi).

spake, speak, spoken, said, speaking, …

dābar

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

to speak, declare, converse, command, promise, warn, threaten, sing

(Qal) to speak

to speak

אִתּ ֖וֹ

אִתּ

Preposition with, to, unto, against, by, …

֖וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Preposition

In the KJV here: unto him

with ×372 were with ×37 with him ×31 and with ×23 with thee ×18 to ×14 are with ×13 with them ×12

More options

with — Default choice for accompaniment or association.

alongside — Emphasizes physical or relational proximity.

together with — Stresses joint participation or partnership.

against — Use when context implies opposition or conflict.

in the presence of — Highlights being before someone, often formal.

among — Use when embedded within a group or collective.

BDB854 H854

II. אֵת, preposition with — with makkeph אֶתֿ, with suffix אִתִּי, אִתְּךָ, אִתְּכֶם etc. (also, however, אוֺתְךָ, אוֺתוֺ, and similarly מֵאוֺתְךָ, מֵאוֺתוֺ etc.), first in Josh 10:25; Josh 14:12, next 2Sam 24:24 then repeatedly (but not exclusively) 1 Ki 20 — 2 Ki 8, & in Jeremiah, Ezekiel, e.g. 1Kgs 20:25 (but v1Kgs 20:23 אִתָּם) 1Kgs 22:7; 1Kgs 22:8; 1Kgs 22:24 (beside מֵאִתִּי) 2Kgs 1:15; 2Kgs 3:11; 2Kgs 3:12; 2Kgs 3:26; 2Kgs 6:16 (beside מֵאִתּוֺ) 2Kgs 8:8; Jer 2:35; Jer 10:5; Jer 16:8; Jer 19:10; Jer 20:11; Ezek 2:6; Ezek 10:17; Ezek 23:23; Ezek 37:26 (see below 1 d; also Isa 59:21, contr. Gen 17:4: on שָׁכַב אֹתָהּ Gen 34:2 and elsewhere, see below שָׁכַב, & compare Dr^{Sm ii. 13, 14}) preposition denoting proximity (synonym עִם; Phoenician את, e.g. CIS^{i. 3, 8} לא יכן לם משכב את רפאם let there not be for them a resting-place with the shades; Assyrian itti (perhaps akin to ittu 'side,' Dl^{Pr 115} Hpt KAT^{2. 498}; but compare Nö^{ZMG '86, 738 f.}). Not found as yet in the other cognate languages: but compare Ethiopic 'enta, towards, which supports the view; that אֵת is for 'int [compare תֵּת, תִּתִּי], perhaps from √ אנה to meet Ol^{p. 431} Prät^{ZMG '73, 643} Lag^{M i. 226}).

1. Of companionship, together with: Gen 6:13 behold, I destroy them אֶתהָֿאָרֶץ together with the earth, Gen 11:31; Gen 12:4 + often, especially with verbs of dwelling, abiding, going, etc., as Judg 1:3; Judg 14:11; Judg 19:4, & in the phrase הָעָם אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֺ Judg 4:13; Judg 7:1; Judg 9:33; Judg 9:48; 1Sam 14:20; 1Sam 30:4 etc.; thou, and thy sons אִתָּֽךְ ׃ ֗֗֗ with thee Gen 6:18 similarly (3rd person) Gen 7:7; Gen 7:13; Gen 8:18; Gen 9:8 and elsewhere (character of P: Dr^{Intr 124}); הִתְהַלֵּךְ אֶתהָֿאֱלֹהִים to walk with God, i.e. to have him as a companion (that is, by adopting a course of life pleasing to him) Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9 (compare הִתְהַלֵּךְ אֵת literal 1Sam 25:15); — by the side of, like Isa 45:9, equally with Lev 26:39, in common with Jer 23:28b (compare עִם 1 e, f). Hence, in particular —
a. with for the purpose of help: Num 14:9 אִתָּנוּ ׳וי, Josh 14:12 (אוֺתִי, as Jer 20:11) Judg 1:19; 2Kgs 6:16; 2Kgs 9:32 מִי אִתִּי מִי who is on my side, who ? כִּי אִתְּךָ אֲנִי Isa 43:5; Jer 1:18; Jer 1:19 +; Isa 63:3; Ps 12:5 our lips are with us, on our side; in the phrase אֵת ׳(הָֽיְתָה) יַד פּ 2Sam 14:19; 2Kgs 15:19; Jer 26:24 נָשָׂא אֵת to bear together with, i.e. to assist Exod 18:22; Num 11:17. Exceptionally, = with the help of: Gen 4:1 for I have gotten a man ׳אֶתיֿ with the help of ׳י (compare עם 1Sam 14:45) Gen 49:25 (where, however, the parallelism, & ᵑ7 ᵑ6 ⅏ favour וְאֵל שַׁדַּי for וְאֵת שַׁדַּי) Mic 3:8 compare Esth 9:29.
b. beside (German neben): Gen 39:6 לֹא יָדַע אִתּוֺ מְאוּמָה he knew not with him, beside him, aught (i.e. Joseph managed everything), vGen 39:8; Exod 20:23 לֹא תַעֲשׂוּן אִתִּ֑י ye shall not make (aught) beside me.
c. beside = in the presence of (rare): Gen 20:16b and before all thou shalt be righted, Isa 30:8; Mic 6:1. In this sense ׳אֶתפְּֿנֵי פּ is more frequently, see below פָּנִים
d. of intercourse of different kinds with another, e.g. after verbs of making a covenant or contract, or (less often) of speaking or dealing: (α) Gen 9:9; Gen 15:18; Gen 17:4 (Ezek 16:60; Isa 59:21 -אוֺת) Josh 10:4; 1Kgs 3:1 etc.; compare 1Sam 2:13 (but here הַכֹּהֵן מֵאֶתֿ is probably to be read with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ke We etc., compare Deut 18:3). (β) Gen 17:3; Gen 42:30 דִּבֶּר אִתָּנוּ קָשׁוֺת, 1Kgs 8:15; Ps 109:2, & especially in Jeremiah and Ezekiel (as Jer 1:16; Jer 4:12 [Jer 52:9 אִתּוֺ] Jer 5:5; Jer 12:1; Ezek 2:1; Ezek 3:22; Ezek 3:24; Ezek 3:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 44:5 — all -אוֺת); Gen 24:49 to perform kindness אֵת (עִם is here more genl.), 2Sam 16:17 זֶה חַסְדְּךָ אֶתרֵֿעֶךָ֑, Ruth 2:20; וְאַתָּה עשֶֹׁה אִתִּי רָעָה, Deut 1:30; Deut 10:21; 1Sam 12:7 b, (-אוֺת) Jer 21:2; Jer 33:9; Ezek 7:27; Ezek 16:59; Ezek 22:14; Ezek 23:25; Ezek 23:29; Ezek 39:24 absolute Ezek 17:17; Ezek 20:44; Ps 109:21; Zeph 3:19 (γ) in a pregnant sense, (in dealing) with, i.e. towards (rare): Isa 66:14; Ps 67:2 יָאֵר פָּנָיו אִתָּנוּ make his face to shine with (= toward) us (varied from אֶל Num 6:25) Deut 28:8 faithful with Ps 78:8 (compare vPs 78:37 נָכוֺן עִם); Ezek 2:6 (אוֺתָ֑ךְ); Judg 16:15 וְלֹבְּךָ אֵין אִתִּי. (δ) often with verbs of fighting, striving, contending, as Gen 14:2; Gen 14:8; Gen 14:9; Num 20:13; Isa 45:9 a Isa 50:8; Ps 35:1; Prov 23:11 with בָּא בְמִשְׁפָּט Ps 143:2 (Isa 3:14 and elsewhere עִם).

2. Of localities, especially in the phrase אֲשֶׁר אֵת describing a site: Judg 3:19; Judg 4:11 אֲשֶׁר אֶתקֶֿדֶשׁ which is near Kedesh, 1Kgs 9:26; 2Kgs 9:27 (compare עם 2, which is commoner in this sense); Ezek 43:8; Exod 33:21 הִנֵּה מָקוֺם אִתִּי. Perhaps, anomalously, 1Sam 7:16 at or by all those places (but see Dr); in 2Sam 15:23 עַלפְּֿנֵי דֶרֶךְ אֶתהַֿמִּדְבָּר, אֵת = towards is against analogue: read with ᵐ5^L עַלפָּֿנָיו דֶּרֶךְ הַזַּיִת אֲשֶׁר בַּמִּדְבָּר; 1Kgs 9:25 אִתּוֺ beside it (that is, the altar); but עָלָיו 1Kgs 13:1 etc. would be idiomatic, & for אִתּוֺ אֲשֶׁר Klo proposes plausibly אֶתאִֿשֹּׁוֺ (see Exod 30:20).

3. ׳אֵת פּ denotes specially,
a. in one's possession or keeping: Gen 27:15; Gen 30:29 thou knowest אֵת אֲשֶׁר הָיָה מִקְנְךָ אִתִּי ֗֗֗ how thy cattle fared with me, vGen 30:33; Lev 5:23; Lev 19:13; Deut 15:3; Judg 17:2; 1Sam 9:7 מָה אִתָּנוּ = what have we ? 1Sam 25:29; Isa 49:4 my right is with Jehovah (contr. Isa 40:27), Jer 8:8; Ps 38:11 the light of mine eyes also אֵין אִתִּי i.e. is gone from me, Prov 3:28; Prov 8:18 in his power, Jer 10:5 הֵיטֵיב אֵין אוֺתָם is not in their power, perhaps Ps 12:5. A dream, or the word of ׳י, is said to be אֵת with a prophet, 2Kgs 3:12; Jer 23:28; Jer 27:18. Metaph. of a mental quality, Prov 11:2; Prov 13:10.
b. in one's knowledge or memory: Isa 59:12 פְּשָׁעֵינוּ אִתָּנוּ our transgressions are with us, i.e. present to our minds (|| וַעֲוֺנֹתֵינוּ יְדַעֲנוּם), Job 12:3 אֶתמִֿיאֵֿין כְּמוֺאֵֿלָּה with whom are not (i.e. who knoweth not ? τίς οὐ σύνοιδε;) things like these ? Job 14:5 אִתָּךְ i.e. known to thee, Prov 2:1; Gen 40:14; Jer 12:3 (Ew Gf towards thee, as 1 d γ). So אִםיֵֿשׁ אֶתנַֿפְשְׁכֶם Gen 23:8 [2Kgs 9:15 ׳נ alone], אֶתלְֿבָבְךָ 2Kgs 10:15. compare עם 4 b, which is more frequent in this sense.

4. מֵאֵת (מֵאִתִּי, etc.; also -מֵאוֺת) from proximity with (like Greek παρά with a genitive, From de chez; in Syriac, Arabic , corresponding synonym מֵעִם; see below): coupled almost always with persons (contrast מֵעִם, a). Thus
a. with קָנָה to buy Gen 25:10 + often (compare Gen 17:27); לָקַח Gen 42:24; Exod 25:2; Lev 25:36; Num 17:17 + often; נָשָׂא Ps 24:5 שִׁלַּח, as Gen 8:8 וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶתהַֿיּוֺנָה מֵאִתּוֺ and he sent forth the dove from with him Gen 26:27 הָלַךְ Gen 26:31; 1Kgs 18:12; 1Kgs 20:36; Jer 9:1, of a wife deserting her husband Judg 19:2 וַתֵּלֶךְ מֵאִתּוֺ, Jer 3:1 (compare Isa 57:8); with simile words Gen 38:1; Deut 2:8; 1Kgs 11:23; Jer 2:37 (see Exod 5:20); Isa 54:10; Ps 66:20 with שָׁאַל Judg 1:14; 1Kgs 2:16; Ps 27:4 +, דָּרַשׁ 1Kgs 22:7 and elsewhere, שָׁמַע 1Sam 2:23. — ׳מֵאֵת פְּנֵי פּ Gen 27:30; Gen 43:34; Exod 10:11; Job 2:7; Lev 10:4 (הַקֹּדֶשׁ), 2Kgs 16:14 (הַבַּיִת). Hence
b. of rights or dues, handed over from, given on the part of, any one: Gen 47:22 חֹק מֵאֵת פַּרְעֹה; often in P, as Gen 23:20; Exod 27:21 a perpetual due מֵאֵת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל from, or on the part of, the children of Israel, Lev 7:34 b Lev 24:8; Num 3:9; Num 7:84 +; Deut 18:3; 1Sam 2:13 (ᵐ5, etc.; see 1 d) 2Sam 15:3 וְשֹׁמֵעַ אֵיןלְֿךָ מֵאֵת הַמֶּלֶךְ but there is none to hear thee deputed of the king, 1Kgs 5:14.
c. expressing origination: 1Kgs 1:27 אִם מֵאֵת אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ נִהְיָה. Especially ׳מֵאֵת י — of a concrete object proceeding from him: Gen 19:24 (brimstone), Num 11:31 (a wind), Num 16:35 (fire), 1Sam 16:14 (evil spirit), Isa 38:7 (a sign), Jer 51:53 (wasters), Mic 5:6 (dew); of wrath Zech 7:12 (compare Num 17:11), teaching Isa 51:4, the word of prophecy Jer 7:1 (so Jer 11:1; Jer 18:1 + often in Jeremiah) Jer 37:17; Ezek 33:30 with 'have I (we) heard' Isa 21:10; Isa 28:22; Jer 49:14 (= Obad 1:1); of an event, or phase of history Josh 11:20 הָֽיְתָה ׳מֵאֵת י it came of ׳י to..., 1Kgs 12:24; Hab 2:13; Ps 118:23 הָֽיְתָה זאֹת ׳מֵאֵת י (ᵐ5 παρὰ Κυρίου) Ezra 9:8; Neh 6:16 of trouble (רָעָה) 2Kgs 6:33; Mic 1:12 (יָרַד); of a good or evil lot, having its source in ׳י Jer 13:25; Isa 54:17; Ps 109:20, compare Job 2:10; Ps 22:26 מֵאִתְּךָ תְהִלָּתִי from thee cometh my praise (thou art the source of it); Isa 44:24 Qr מֵאִתִּי of myself (compare ἀπ’ ἐμαυτοῦ John 5:30 Kt is מִי אִתִּי who was with me ?), John 54:15 אֶפֶס מֵאוֺתִי not at my instance (compare לֹא מִנִּי John 30:1, לֹא מִמֶּנִּי Hos 8:4).
d. of a place 1Kgs 6:33 (corrupt: read with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 [partly] מְזוּזֹת רְבֻעוֺת, & compare Ezek 41:21).

Note. אֵת expresses closer association than עִם: hence while מֵעִם sometimes denotes hardly more than from the surroundings or belongings of, מֵאֵת expresses from close proximity to. Thus Saul asks, מִי הָלַךְ מֵעִמָּנוּ who has gone from (those) about us ? but Jacob, speaking of the loss of Joseph, says, Gen 44:28 וַיֵּצֵא הָאֶחָד מֵאִתִּי and the one is gone from with me. מֵאֵת is accordingly preferred to מֵעִם in the sense of origination or authorship; מאת is not usual in the sense of מֵעִם c, nor מֵעִם in the sense of מֵאֵת
b..

with, to, unto, against, by, …

ʾēt

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

with, near, together with

with, together with

אֱלֹהִֽים

Root word god, gods, judges, great, goddess, …

Dictionary form: אֱלֹהִים · eh-loh-HEEM

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: god

god ×587 thy god ×320 of god ×316 your god ×162 our god ×116 the god ×110 gods ×95 their god ×62

More options

God — Preferred for the God of Israel; singular context.

gods — Use for polytheistic or plural divine beings.

deity — Neutral, academic tone; suits comparative religion contexts.

divine being — Emphasizes nature over identity; good for ambiguous referents.

judge — Use when context is legal or judicial authority.

mighty one — Captures intensifying plural; rare angelic or hero contexts.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

יהוה_{c. 6823} i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺה^C518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה₃₀₅ (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philo^{de Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529}), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö^{§ 88}). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see Lag^{Sym i.14} Baud^{Studien i.179 ff.}; Dr^{Stud.Bib.i.1 ff.} For Jeve see Sta^{ZAW 1881, 346} De^{ib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.}

2. on literature of interpretations see Nes^Eg.67 Dr^{l.c. — Many recent scholars explain} יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, Nes^Eg.88 (but Nes^{Eg.91 inclines to Qal as} RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev} see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RS^{OTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245}, compare We^{Skizzen iii.175}; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, Sta^G.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876}, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ew^infr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Dr^l.c.17)).

**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by Bau^{Rel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230)}; Dl^{Pa 162 ff.} claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kue^{national Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.)} Jastr^{JBL xiil {1894}, 103 f.} compare Hpt^{BAS i. 170 N}; Dl^{Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f.} makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially Hirsch^{ZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff.} Zim^{KATS. 465 ff.}; Spiegelb^{ZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff.} proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in Kö^{EB NAMES, § 112 and n.3}. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to Schw^{ThLZ, 1905, col. 612}.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare Ew^{BTh ii. 337, 338} RS^{l.c., Proph. 385 ff.} Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc Lag^{Psalt.Hieron.156}); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich We^JD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI¹⁸. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b Dl^{Pa 158 ff.} Dr^{Stud. Bib. i. 7 ff}.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D²); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D² 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D² 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by R^P as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.

2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.

3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — Bonk^{ZAW 1891, 126 ff.} seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2170 H1984 H430 H3050

II. [הָלַל] verb be boastful, Pi`el praise (Arabic shout, both in joy & (if conjecture of Nö RS be right, see citation below) in terror; especially II. in formula of worship; Syriac Pa`el cecinit, laudavit; compare Late Hebrew הִלּוּל praise, הַלֵּל id., Hallel (Psalm 113-118); Aramaic הִילּוּלָא marriage-song, &c.; on Assyrian alâlu, shout for joy, rejoice see Lyon^{Sargontexte 66 (Cylinder. 1. 36)} also Winckler^{Sargontexte 134, 1. 194; 156. 1. 149} KB^{44. 1. 36; 80. 1. 194}; all variations of cry aloud, compare Nö^{ZMG 1887, 723} RS^{Semitic 411}; perhaps originally break through, or out (in a cry), compare We^{Skizzen iii. 107 ff., especially 109}; compare also (according to Prät^{BAS i. 369 f.}) Ethiopic implore (compare Amharic, Tigrinya), & swear) —

Qal Imperfect 2 masculine plural תָּהֹ֑לּוּ Ps 75:5 Participle הוֺלֲלִים Ps 5:6 + 2 t.; — be boastful אַלתָּֿהֹ֑לּוּ Ps 75:5 (|| אַלֿ (תָּרִימוּקָ֑רֶן); Participle boastful ones, boasters Ps 5:6 (|| פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן); Ps 73:3; Ps 75:5 (both || רְשָׁעִים). Pi`el Perfect הִלֵּל Ps 10:3, 1 singular suffix הִלַּלְתִּיךָ Ps 119:164 3 masculine plural וְהִלֲלן consecutive Isa 62:9, suffix הִלֲלוּךָ Isa 64:10. etc.; Imperfect יְהַלֶּלֿ Ps 63:6; Ps 102:19 suffix יְהַלֶּלְךָ Prov 27:2, יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ Isa 38:18, וַיְהַלֲלָהּ Prov 31:38: 1 singular אֲהַלֵּל Ps 56:5 + 2 t., cohortative אֲהַלֲלָה Ps 69:31 + 2 t., etc.; Imperative feminine singular הַלֲלִי Ps 146:1; Ps 147:12 masculine plural הַלְלוּ Ps 104:35 + 30 t. Psalm + Jer 20:13; Jer 31:7 suffix הַלֲלוּ֫הוּ Ps 22:24 + 15 t. Psalms; Infinitive absolute הַלֵּל 1Chr 16:36 construct הַלֵּל 2Sam 14:25 + 16 t. Chronicles; Participle plural מְהַלֲלִים 1Chr 23:5 + 4 t. Chronicles; —

1. praise man or woman, accusative וַיְהַלֲלוּ אֹתָהּ אֶלפַּֿרְעֹה Gen 12:15 (J) and they praised her to Pharaoh, compare Prov 27:2; Prov 31:28; Prov 31:31; Song 6:9 וְהַמְהַלֲלִים אֶתהַֿמֶּלָךְ 2Chr 23:12 and those praising (shouting acclamations to) the king; see also לְהַלֵּל מְאֹד 2Sam 14:25 (of Absalom's beauty); in bas sense עֹזְבֵי תוֺרָה יְהַלֲלוּ רָשָׁע Prov 28:4 deserters of law praise a wicked man.

2. usually praise אֱלֹהִים, ׳י etc.;
a. followed by accusative of heathen god Judg 16:24.
b. object ׳(אֱלֹהִים) י; Ps 119:164 (עַל on account of), subject heaven, earth, seas, etc., Ps 69:35 תְּחִי נַפְשִׁי ותְהַלֲלֶךָּ Ps 119:175 in summons to all creatures to praise Ps 148:5; Ps 148:13; Isa 38:18 לֹא שְׁאוֺל תּוֺדֶךָּ מָוֶת יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ (compare Ps 115:17); often of Public worship in sanctuary, Isa 62:9 (thanks giving in sanctuary after harvest), compare Isa 64:10; Ps 22:23 (|| אֲסַפְּרָה שִׁמְךָ), vPs 22:27; Ps 35:18; Ps 109:30 (both || אוֺדְךָ) Ps 107:32 (|| יְרוֺמֲמוּהוּ) Ps 84:5, see also Ps 146:2 (|| ׳אֲזַמְּרָה לֵא) Ps 149:3 (with בְּ instrumental; || יְזַמְּרוּ לוֺ); also object ׳שֵׁם י (in some cases of public worship) Ps 74:21; Ps 148:5; Joel 2:26 (thanksgiving after harvest); שֵׁםאֱֿלֹהִים בְּשִׁיר Ps 69:31 (|| וִאֲגַדְּלֶנּוּ בְתוֺדָה), Ps 145:2 (|| אֲבָֽרֲכֶ֑ךָּ); further, Ps 56:5 בֵּאלֹהִים אֲהַלֵּל דְּבָרוֺ, also vPs 56:11 + vPs 56:11b ׳ביהוה וגו, but compare Hup Che on 11:b as editorial addition; object not expressed אֶתעַֿמְּךָ ׳הַשְׁמִיעוּ הַלֲלוּ וְאִמְרוּ הוֺשַׁע י Jer 31:7, וְשִׂפְתֵי רְנָנוֺת יְהַלֶּלפִּֿי Ps 63:6.
c. use of Imperative deserves special notice: הַלֲלוּהוּ Ps 22:24 (|| כַּבְּדוּהוּ; of temple-worship compare vPs 22:23 vPs 22:25); also in summons to angles, sun, moon, etc. (all created things) to praise ׳י Ps 148:2 (twice in verse); Ps 148:3 (twice in verse); Ps 148:4; Ps 150:1 of temple-worship Ps 150:2 (בְּ on account of) vPs 150:2 (כְּ), vPs 150:3 vPs 150:3 vPs 150:4 vPs 150:4 vPs 150:5 vPs 150:5 (all with בְּ instrumental); further Jer 20:13 (|| ׳שִׁירוּ לי), ׳הַלֲלוּ אֶתיֿ Ps 117:1 (addressed to nations, || שַׁבְּחוּהוּ), Ps 148:7 (created things), חַלֲלִי אֱלֹהַיִךְ צִיּוֺן Ps 147:12 (|| שַׁבְּחִי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ ׳אֶתיֿ).
d. note especially: praise ye yah! הַלֲלויָֿהּ Ps 135:3, liturgical (|| זַמְּרוּ לִשְׁמוֺ); elsewhere always one word see Baer^{Psalm p.115}, & always at beginning or end of Psalm (chiefly late), apparently liturgical; הַלֲלוּיָהֿ֑ Ps 104:35 (|| ׳בָּֽרְכִי נַפְשִׁי אֶתיֿ), elsewhere ׃הַלֲלוּיָהּ (I) at beginning Ps 106:1; Ps 111:1 (both || הודה) Ps 112:1; Ps 113:1 (|| הַלֲלוּ & ׳אֶתשֵֿׁם י ׳ה), Ps 135:1 (|| id.), Ps 146:1 (|| ׳הַלֲלִי נַפְשִׁי אֶתיֿ), Ps 147:1 (followed by זַמְּרָה in clause with כִּי), Ps 148:1 (|| ׳הַלֲלוּ אֶתיֿ, הַלֲלוּהוּ), Ps 149:1 (|| ׳שִׁירוּ לי), Ps 150:1 (|| הַלֲלוּאֵֿל, הַלֲלוּהוּ); (2) at end Ps 104:35 (above), Ps 105:45; Ps 106:48; Ps 113:9; Ps 115:18 (|| נְבָרֵךְ יָהּ), Ps 116:19; Ps 117:2; Ps 135:21 (|| ׳בָּרוּךְ י) Ps 146:10; Ps 147:20; Ps 148:14; Ps 149:9; Ps 150:6 (|| כֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ); add to these (not liturgical) יְהַלֶּליָֿהּ Ps 102:19, כֹּל נְשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ Ps 150:6, לֹא הַמֵּתִים יְהַלֲלויָֿהּ Ps 115:17.
e. also followed by ליהוה, in Chronicles, of technical Levitical function (compare Lag^{Or.ii.16 ff.}, who limits this technical הלל to priests, using חֲצֹצְרוֺת, for a signal to the people; see e.g. Neh 12:24 compare vNeh 12:27), 1Chr 16:4 (with instrumental music, compare בִּכְלֵי כְבָלִים וּבְכִנֹּרוֺת & בַּמְצִלְתַּיִ ם, all v1Chr 16:5, and Neh 12:27) 1Chr 23:30; 1Chr 25:3 (all || הוֺדוֺת); exercised (apparently) by both priests and Levites Ezra 3:11 (|| הֹדוֺת) compare vEzra 3:11 by Levites 2Chr 20:19 (בְּקֹל גָּדוֺל), 2Chr 29:30 (בְּדִבְרֵי דָוִיד) in which the people also joined 1Chr 16:36 also 2Chr 5:13 (בַּחֲצֹצְרוֺת וּבִמְצִלְתַּיִם וּבִכְלֵי הַשִּׁיר compare also v2Chr 5:12 || הֹדוֺת, v2Chr 5:13 apparently of Levites & priests), בַּכֵּלִים ׳מְהַלֲלִים לי 1Chr 23:5 (Levites) compare 2Chr 30:21 (Levites & priests ׳בִּכְלֵי עֹז לי); followed by לְשֵׁם תִּפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָ 1Chr 29:13 (|| מוֺדִים; David speaks in name of people); followed by לְהַדְרַתקֹֿ֑דֶשׁ 2Chr 20:11 (before the army; || ׳מְשֹׁרֲרִים לי; probably of Levites, compare v2Chr 20:19). feminine followed by accusative ׳י Ezra 3:10 (priests & Levites: עַליְֿדֵי דָּוִיד), Neh 5:13 (people).
g. other forms, with like technical sense, but absolute: לְהַלֵּל לְהוֺדוֺת בְּמִצְוַת דָּוִיד Neh 12:24 (Levites) compare 1Chr 23:5; 2Chr 8:14; 2Chr 29:30 (עַדלְֿשִׂמְחָה) 2Chr 31:2 (apparently priests & Levites; ׳בְּשַׁעֲדֵי מַחֲנוֺת י; || לְשָׁרֵת וּלְהֹוֺדוֺת); see also מוֺדִיעִים לְהַלֵּל 2Chr 23:13 (|| מְשׁוֺרֲרִים בִּכְלֵי הַשִּׁיר בְּהַלֵּל דָּוִיד בְּיָדָם ). 2Chr 7:6 (|| הֹדוֺת ליהוּה)

3. apparently boast, male one's boast compare Qal 2 (followed by בְּ in, of), בֵּאלֹהִים Ps 44:9 (|| שִׁמְךָ לְעוֺלָם נוֺדֶה); so according to most, in bad sense, רָשָׁע עַלתַּֿאֲוַת נַפְשׁוֺ ׳ה Ps 10:3 a wicked man boasteth of the desire of his soul, but Che praiseth (׳י) for (i.e. in a mercenary spirit). Pu`al Perfect 3 plural הוּלָּ֑לוּ Ps 78:63 Imperfect יְהֻלַּלֿ Prov 12:8 Participle מְהֻלָּל 2Sam 22:4 + 6 t.; feminine הַהֻלָּ֑לָה Ezek 26:17 (compare Ol^{§ 250 c} Sta^{§ 220, 617 b}; ᵑ0, however, accents as Perfect, regarding הַ as = relative, see sta:§ 176 c Ges^{«GKC:52»§ 52}. 2, R. 6); — be praised,

1. human subject be praised, commended Prov 12:18 (opposed to יִהְיֶה לָבוּז); of maidens, praised, celebrated (in song) Ps 78:63 participle (see above) of city, renowned Ezek 26:17.

2. of ׳י only participle = gerundive, to be praised, worthy of praise 2Sam 22:4 = Ps 18:4 מְאֹד ׳וּמְה ׳גָּדוֺל י Ps 48:2; Ps 96:4 = 1Chr 16:25; Ps 145:3 so ׳שֵׁם י ׳מְה Ps 113:3. Hithpa. Imperfect יִתְהַלֵּל 1Kgs 20:11 + 5 t.; יִתְהַלָּ֑ל Prov 20:14 3 feminine singular תִּתְּהַלֵּל Ps 34:3, תִּתְּהַלָּ֑ל Prov 31:30 2 masculine singular תִּתְהַלֵּל Ps 52:3; Prov 27:1 תִּתְהַלָּ֑ל Isa 41:16 2 feminine singular תִּתְהַלֲלִי Jer 49:4 3 masculine plural יִתְהַלֲלוּ Ps 64:11; Isa 45:25 יִתְהַלָּ֑לוּ Isa 49:7; Jer 4:2 Imperative masculine plural הִתְהַלֲלוּ 1Chr 16:10; Ps 105:3 Infinitive לְהִתְהַלֵּל Ps 106:5 Participle מִתְהַלֵּל Prov 25:14; Jer 9:23 plural מִתְהַלֲלִים Ps 97:7 — glory, boast, make one's boast: —

1. of self-confident boasting, absolute 1Kgs 20:11 compare Prov 20:14 followed by בְּ of ground of boast Jer 9:22 (3 t. in verse); Jer 49:4; Ps 49:7; Ps 52:3; Prov 25:14, אַלתִּֿתְהַלֵּל בְּיוֺם מָחָר Prov 27:1 of glorying in idols הַמִּתְהַלֲלִים בָּאֱלִלִים Ps 97:7.

2. of glorying, making one's boast in (בְּ, on the ground of) ׳תִּתְהַלֵּל ׃י ׳בי נַפְשִׁי Ps 34:3, compare Isa 45:25; Jer 4:2 (|| וְהִתְבָּֽרְכוּ בוֺ); followed by בִּקְדוֺשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל Isa 41:16 see also Ps 105:3 = 1Chr 16:10 followed by ) בְּשֵׁם קָדְשׁוֺ || ׳(יִשְׂמַה לֵב מְבַקְשֵׁי י, compare further Jer 9:23 less often absolute Jer 9:23; Ps 63:12; Ps 64:11; followed by עִםנַֿחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ together with thine heritage (|| לִשְׂמֹהַ בְּשִׂמְהַת גּוֶֺ י֑ךָ).

3. once, late = passive be praised, commended, of God-fearing woman Prov 31:30. Po`el Imperfect יְהוֺלֵל Isa 44:25 + 2 t.; — make into a fool, make fool of, object שֹׁפְטִים Job 12:17 (subject ׳י; || מוֺלִיךְ יוֺעֲצִים שׁוֺלָ֑ל); object קֹסְמִים Isa 44:25 (subject ׳י || מֵפֵר אֹתוֺת בַּדִּים; object הָכָם Eccl 7:7 (subject הָעשֶׁק; || וִיאַבֵּד אֶתלֵֿב מַתָּנָה). Po`al Participle לִשְׂהוֺק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֺלָ֑ל Eccl 2:2 of laughter I said, It is mad (folly); מְהוֺלָלַי Ps 102:9 those mad against me (|| אוֺיְבָ֑י). Hithpo`el Imperfect וַיִּתְהֹלֵל 1Sam 21:14 3 masculine plural יִתְהֹלֲלוּ Jer 51:7, יִתְהוֺלֲלוּ Nah 2:5, יִתְהֹלֶ֑לוּ Jer 50:38 Imperative masculine plural הִתְהֹלֲלוּ Jer 49:9, הִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ Jer 25:16 — act madly, or like a madman, וַיִּתְהֹלֵל בְּיָדָם 1Sam 21:14 (of David) and he acted like a madman in their hands; of idolatrous worship by Chaldeans ׳וּבָאֵימִים יִתְה Jer 50:38 of nations, as drunken men, figurative of terror at Yahweh's judgements, Jer 25:16 (|| הִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ) Jer 51:7 also of madly driving & jolting chariots Nah 2:5; Jer 46:9.

BDB430 H430

אֱלֹהִים₂₅₇₀ noun masculine plural (feminine 1Kgs 11:33 on number of occurrences of אֵל, אֱלוֺהַּ, אֱלֹהִים compare also Nes^{l. c},)

1. plural in number.
a. rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power: האלהים Exod 21:6 (Onk ᵑ6, but τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ ᵐ5) Exod 22:7; Exod 22:8 אלהים Exod 22:8; Exod 22:27 (ᵑ7 Ra AE Ew RVm; but gods, ᵐ5 Josephus Philo AV; God, Di RV; all Covt. code of E) compare 1Sam 2:25 see Dr.; Judg 5:8 (Ew, but gods ᵐ5; God ᵑ6 BarHebr.; יהוה ᵑ9 Be) Ps 82:1; Ps 82:6 (De Ew Pe; but angels Bl Hup) Ps 138:1 (ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Rab Ki De; but angels ᵐ5 Calv; God, Ew; gods, Hup Pe Che).
b. divine ones, superhuman beings including God and angels Ps 8:6 (De Che Br; but angels ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew; God, RV and most moderns) Gen 1:27 (if with Philo ᵑ7 Jerome De Che we interpret נעשה as God's consultation with angels; compare Job 38:7).
c. angels Psalm Job 97:7 (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Calv; but gods, Hup De Pe Che); compare בני (ה)אלהים = (the) sons of God, or sons of gods = angels Job 1:6; Job 2:1; Job 38:7; Gen 6:2; Gen 6:4 (J; so ᵐ5 Books of Enoch & Jubilees Philo Jude vJude 1:6; 2Pet 2:4 Jos^{Ant. «JOSEPHUS:Antiquities 1:3»i. 3}. 1, most ancient fathers and modern critics; against usage are sons of princes, mighty men, Onk and Rab.; sons of God, the pious, Theod Chrys Jerome Augustine Luther Calv Hengst; ᵐ5^L read οἱ υιὁὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ), compare בני אלים.
d. gods האלהים Exod 18:11; Exod 22:19 (E) 1Sam 4:8; 2Chr 2:4; Ps 86:8 אלהי האלהים the God of gods, supreme God Deut 10:17; Ps 136:2 אלהים Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (JE) Judg 9:13 אלהים אחרים other gods Exod 20:3; Exod 23:13; Josh 24:2; Josh 24:16 (E) Deut 31:18; Deut 31:20 (JE) Deut 5:7 + (17 t. in D, not P) Judg 2:12; Judg 2:17; Judg 2:19; Judg 10:13; 1Sam 8:8; 1Sam 26:19; 1Kgs 9:6; 1Kgs 9:9 (= 2Chr 7:19; 2Chr 7:22) 2Chr 11:4; 2Chr 11:10; 2Chr 14:9; 2Kgs 5:17; 2Kgs 17:35; 2Kgs 17:37; 2Kgs 17:38; 2Kgs 22:17 (= 2Chr 34:25) 2Chr 28:25; Jer 1:16 + (18 t. Jeremiah) Hos 3:1 אלהי (ה)נכר foreign gods Gen 35:2; Gen 35:4; Josh 24:20; Josh 24:23 (E) Deut 31:16 (JE) Judg 10:16; 1Sam 7:3; 2Chr 33:15; Jer 5:19 נחור ׳א Gen 31:53 (E); מצרים ׳א Exod 12:12 (P) Jer 43:12; Jer 43:13 האמרי ׳א Josh 24:15 (E) Judg 6:10 ארם ׳א etc. Judg 10:6 אלהים מעשה ידי Deut 4:28 הגוים ׳א gods of the nations 2Kgs 18:33; 2Kgs 19:12; Deut 29:17; 2Chr 32:17; 2Chr 32:19; Isa 36:18; Isa 37:12 העמים ׳א Deut 6:14; Deut 13:8; Judg 2:12; Ps 96:5; 1Chr 5:25; 1Chr 16:26; 2Chr 32:13; 2Chr 32:14 כסף ׳א Exod 20:23 (E); זהב ׳א Exod 20:23 (E) Exod 32:31 (JE); מַסֵּכָה ׳א Exod 34:17 (J) Lev 19:4 (H).

2. Plural intensive.
a. god or goddess, always with suffix 1Sam 5:7 (Dagon), Judg 11:24 (Chemosh), 1Kgs 18:24 (Baal), Judg 9:27; Dan 1:2 (twice in verse); or construct לעשתרת מואב ׳צדנים לכמוש א ׳א to Ashtoreth goddess of the Zidonians, Chemosh god of Moab, etc. 1Kgs 11:33 הארץ ׳א god of the land 2Kgs 17:26 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 17:27, and so the Syrians suppose that Yahweh is a mountain-god and not a god of valleys 1Kgs 20:28.
b. godlike one Exod 4:16 (J; Moses in relation to Aaron), Exod 7:1 (P; in relation to Pharaoh), 1Sam 28:13 (the shade of Samuel), Ps 45:7 (the Messianic king, O God, ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Jerome, most scholars ancient and modern, but thy throne is God's = God's throne AE Ki Thea Ew Hup, compare 1Chr 28:5).
c. works of God, or things specially belonging to him (see אֵל 5) הר אלהים Ps 68:16; Ezek 28:14; Ezek 28:16 אש אלהים Job 1:16 גן (ה)אלהים Ezek 28:13; Ezek 31:8; Ezek 31:9.
d. God (see 3 & 4).

3. הָאֱלֹהִים the (true) God, הוא האלהים ׳י Yahweh is (the) God Deut 4:35; Deut 4:39; Deut 7:9; 1Kgs 8:60; 1Kgs 18:39 (twice in verse); 2Chr 33:13 הוא האלהים Isa 45:18 האלהים ׳י Josh 22:34 (P ?) 1Kgs 18:21; 1Kgs 18:24; 2Chr 32:16 אתה הוא האלהים 2Sam 7:28; 1Kgs 18:37; 2Kgs 19:15; 1Chr 17:26; Isa 37:16; Neh 9:7 האלהים as subject or object is used in E 33 t., Chronicles 38 t., Eccl 31 t., Jonah 5 t., elsewhere Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9; Gen 6:11 (sources of P) Gen 17:18 (P) Josh 22:34 (P ?) Gen 44:16 (J) Deut 4:35; Deut 4:39; Deut 7:9; Judg 6:36; Judg 6:39; Judg 7:14; Judg 10:14; Judg 16:28; Judg 21:2; 1Sam 10:3; 1Sam 10:7; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 2:27; 2Sam 6:7; 2Sam 7:28; 2Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 8:60; 1Kgs 18:21; 1Kgs 18:24 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 18:37; 1Kgs 18:39 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 19:15 (Ephr) Job 2:10; Jer 11:12; Isa 37:16; Isa 45:18; Ps 108:14; Dan 1:9; Dan 1:17 הקדוש ׳הא ׳י 1Sam 6:20 הגדול ׳הא ׳י Neh 8:6 אשר ׳בירושלם הא Ezra 1:3 אדני האלהים Dan 9:3 in many phrases, as איש האלהים the man of God, acting under divine authority and influence: =
(a) angel Judg 13:6; Judg 13:8,
(b) prophet (the term coming into use in the Northern kingdom in the age of Elijah 1Sam 9:9-10, compare אִישׁ הָרוּחַ Hos 9:7): of Moses Deut 33:1; Josh 14:6 (E) 1Chr 23:14; 2Chr 30:16; Ezra 3:2; Ps 90:1 of Samuel 1Sam 9:6-10 of David 2Chr 8:14; Neh 12:24; Neh 12:36 Shemaiah 1Kgs 12:22 (= 2Chr 11:2); Elijah, Elisha, and others of their time 1Kgs 13:1-31; 1Kgs 17:18-24; 1Kgs 20:28; 2Kgs 1:9-13; 2Kgs 4:7-42; 2Kgs 5:8-20; 2Kgs 6:6-15; 2Kgs 7:2-9; 2Kgs 8:2-11; 2Kgs 13:19; 2Kgs 23:16-17 (Ephr) 2Chr 25:7; 2Chr 25:9 unnamed prophet 1Sam 2:27 Hanan Jer 35:4 a later title of prophet was עֶבֶד האלהים the servant of God, used of Moses 1Chr 6:34; 2Chr 24:9; Neh 10:30; Dan 9:11. בית האלהים the house of God, Judg 18:31, especially late, Chronicles (52 t.) Eccl 4:17; Dan 1:2 ׳בית י ׳הא 1Chr 22:1 ארון (ברית) האלהים the ark (of the covenant) of God Judg 20:27; 1Sam 4:1-5:12; 1Sam 14; 2Sam 6:1-7:29; 2Sam 15 (23 t.); 1Chr 13; 1Chr 15; 1Chr 16; 2Chr 1:4 (13 t.); מטה האלהים the rod of God Exod 4:20; Exod 17:9 (E); הר האלהים the mount of God (Horeb) Exod 3:1; Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13 (E) 1Kgs 19:8 (Ephr); מלאך האלהים the (theophanic) angel of God Gen 31:11; Exod 14:19 (E) Judg 6:20; Judg 13:6; Judg 13:9; 2Sam 14:17; 2Sam 14:20; 2Sam 19:28 in other combinations Exod 18:16; Num 23:27 (E) Judg 20:2; 1Sam 4:8; 1Sam 5:11; 1Sam 10:5; 2Sam 16:23; 1Kgs 12:22; 1Chr 21:7 + (14 t.) Ps 87:3; Eccl 9:1.

4. אֱלֹהִים = God אֱלֹהִים אֱמֶת ׳י = Yahweh is God in truth Jer 10:10.
a. אלהים (as subject object direct or indirect) is used by P (50 t. in story of creation and deluge, elsewhere 28 t.), by E (91 t.), J chiefly in poetic sources Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Gen 3:5 (twice in verse); Gen 9:27; Gen 39:9; Deut 32:17; Deut 32:39, by D (11 t.) Judges (21 t.) Samuel (50 t.) Kings (29 t.) Chronicles (45 t.); in Psalm 42-86 (180 t. often by editorial change for an original יהוה), elsewhere Ps 3:3; Ps 5:11; Ps 7:11; Ps 7:12; Ps 9:18; Ps 10:4; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 14:2; Ps 14:5; Ps 25:22; Ps 36:2; Ps 36:8; Ps 77:14; Ps 100:3; Ps 108:2; Ps 108:6; Ps 108:8; Ps 108:12 (twice in verse); Ps 149:9; Job 5:8; Job 20:29; Job 28:23; Job 32:2; Job 34:9 (& in Prologue 6 t.) Prov 2:5; Prov 3:4; Prov 25:2 Ecclesiastes (7 t.) Hosea (5 t.); Amos 4:11 (כמהפכת אלתים את סדם as God overthrew Sodom = Jer 50:40 = Isa 13:19) Zech 8:23; Zech 12:8; Mic 3:7 (but אליהם ᵐ5 ᵑ6) Isa 35:4 Isa² (9 t.); Jer 10:10 Ezekiel (13 t.); Malachi (5 t.); Jonah (4 t.); the phrase לאלהים ׳היה ל Gen 28:21 (E^R) Gen 17:7; Gen 17:8; Exod 6:7; Exod 29:45; Lev 11:45; Lev 22:33; Lev 25:38; Lev 26:12; Lev 26:45; Num 15:41 (P); Deut 26:17; Deut 29:13; 2Sam 7:24 (= 1Chr 17:22); Zech 8:8 Jeremiah (6 t.); Ezekiel (6 t.); אלהים צדיק righteous God Ps 7:10 קדשים ׳א holy God Josh 24:19 (E); חיים ׳א living God Deut 5:23; 1Sam 17:26; 1Sam 17:36; Jer 10:10; Jer 23:36 חי ׳א 2Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:16 (= Isa 37:4; Isa 37:17). For the phrases ׳יהוה א, צבאות ׳א ׳י, צבאות ׳א, ׳י ׳אל א, ׳יה א, ׳צבאות א ׳י, אלתי ׳י, צבאות, ׳אדני א see יהוה, יה, צבאות & אדני.
b. construct אֱלֹהֵי
(a) with persons אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם = God of Abraham, a phrase of J, Gen 26:24; Gen 28:13; Gen 31:53, elsewhere Ps 47:10; 1Kgs 18:36; 1Chr 29:18; 2Chr 30:6 אדני אברהם ׳א Gen 24:12; Gen 24:27; Gen 24:42; Gen 24:48 (J); אלהי אב father's God (various suffix & names), a phrase of E, Gen 31:5; Gen 31:29; Gen 31:42; Gen 46:3; Gen 50:17; Exod 3:6; Exod 3:13; Exod 3:15; Exod 3:16; Exod 15:2; Exod 18:4; Josh 18:3, elsewhere Gen 32:10; Gen 43:23 (J) Exod 4:5 (J ?) Deuteronomy (8 t.); Judg 2:12; 2Kgs 21:22 Chronicles (31 t.); Dan 11:37 אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel's God, phrase of E, Gen 33:20; Exod 5:1; Exod 24:10; Exod 32:27; Josh 8:30; Josh 14:14; Josh 22:16; Josh 24:2; Josh 24:23, elsewhere Exod 34:23; Josh 7:13; Josh 7:19; Josh 7:20 (JE) Num 16:9; Josh 9:18; Josh 9:19; Josh 22:24; Josh 10:40; Josh 10:42; Josh 13:14; Josh 13:33 (R see Di Josh 7:13) Judg 4:6; Judg 5:3; Judg 5:5; Judg 6:8; Judg 11:21; Judg 11:23; Judg 21:3; 1Sam 1:17 + (20 t.) Kings (26 t.) Chronicles (45 t.); Ps 41:14; Ps 106:48 (doxology) Ps 59:6; Ps 69:7; Isa 17:6; Isa 21:10; Isa 21:17; Isa 29:23 Isa³, Isa 24:15; Isa 37:16; Isa 37:21 Isa², Isa 41:17 + (6 t.); Jer 35:17 + (48 t.); Ezek 8:4 + (7 t.); Zeph 2:9; Mal 2:16; Ruth 2:12 מערכות ישראל ׳א God of the battle array of Israel 1Sam 17:45 ׳א יַעֲקֹב 2Sam 23:1 (poetry) Ps 20:2; Ps 46:8; Ps 46:12; Ps 75:10; Ps 76:7; Ps 81:2; Ps 81:5; Ps 84:9; Ps 94:7; Isa 2:3 (= Mic 4:2); העבריים ׳א God of the Hebrews Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 7:16; Exod 9:1; Exod 9:13 (JE); it is used with other proper names, Nahor Gen 31:53 (E), Shem Gen 9:26 (J), David 2Kgs 20:5; 2Chr 21:12; 2Chr 34:3; Isa 38:5, Hezekiah 2Chr 32:17, Elijah 2Kgs 2:14 ארני המלך ׳א the God of my lord the king 1Kgs 1:36. (β) with nouns of attributes or relationships, קֶרֶם ׳א ancient God Deut 33:27 עולם ׳א everlasting God Isa 40:28 אֱמֶת ׳א true God 2Chr 15:3 אָמֵן ׳א Isa 65:16 (see אָמֵן); משפט ׳א Isa 30:18; Mal 2:17 מרום ׳א Mic 6:6 כָל בָשָׂר ׳א God of all flesh Jer 32:27 compare ׳א הרוחות לכל בשר Num 16:22; Num 27:16 (P); השמים ׳א God of heaven Gen 24:7 (J^R) 2Chr 36:23; Ezra 1:2; Neh 1:4; Neh 1:5; Neh 2:4; Neh 2:20 compare כל הארץ ׳א Isa 54:5 ׳השמים וא ׳א ׳י הארץ Gen 24:3 (J^R); מִקָּרֹב ׳א a God at hand opposed to מֵרָחֹק ׳א Jer 23:23, ישועתי ׳א, יִשְׁעִי ׳א God of my salvation Ps 18:47 (= 2Sam 22:47) Ps 24:5; Ps 25:5; Ps 27:9; Ps 65:6; Ps 79:9; Ps 85:5; Isa 17:10; Mic 7:7; Hab 3:18; 1Chr 16:35 ישועתי ׳א Ps 88:2 תשועתי ׳א Ps 51:16 צִדְקִי ׳א God of righteousness Ps 4:2 חַסְדִּי ׳א Ps 59:11; Ps 59:18 צוּרִי ׳א God who is my rock 2Sam 22:3 (compare Ps 18:3); מָעוּזִּי֯ ׳א God who is my stronghold Ps 43:2 תְהִלָּתִי ׳א God who is my praise Ps 109:1.
c. with suffix in P (22 t. including phrase ויראת מאלהיך) Lev 19:14; Lev 19:32; Lev 25:17; Lev 25:36; Lev 25:43 (H) Exod 8:21; Josh 24:27 (E) Deut 32:37 (poetry) Josh 9:23 (JE) Deut 10:21; Deut 31:17; Judg 10:10; Judg 16:23; Judg 16:24; 1Sam 10:19; 2Sam 10:12; 2Sam 22:32 + (4 t. poetry) 1Kgs 12:28; 1Kgs 20:23; 2Kgs 19:10 Chronicles (83 t.); Psalms (62 t.); Prov 2:17; Prov 30:9; Ruth 1:15; Ruth 1:16 (twice in verse); Isa 1:10; Isa 7:13; Isa 8:19; Isa 8:21 Isa² (29 t.); Jer 5:4; Jer 5:5; Jer 23:36; Jer 51:5; Ezek 34:31 Daniel (5 t.); Hosea (12 t.); Amos 2:8; Amos 4:12; Joel 1:13 (twice in verse); Joel 1:16; Joel 2:17; Mic 6:8; Mic 7:7; Jonah 1:5; Jonah 1:6; Zeph 3:2; Nah 1:14; Zech 9:7; Zech 12:5 אלהים with suffix is also used with יהוה several hundred times (see יהוה).

god, gods, judges, great, goddess, …

ʾĕlōhîm

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative

(plural)

rulers, judges

god, goddess

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqw3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3947

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Grammar Np

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H85

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Grammar To

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

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Grammar Np

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3458

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Grammar Ncmsc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1121

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Grammar C/To

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3605

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Grammar Ncmpc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3211

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Grammar Ncmsc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1004

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/To

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3605

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncfsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4736

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3701