Job 9:7

הָאֹמֵ֣ר לַ֭חֶרֶס וְלֹ֣א יִזְרָ֑ח וּבְעַ֖ד כּוֹכָבִ֣ים יַחְתֹּֽם
Which commandeth the sun, and it riseth not; and sealeth up the stars.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

הָ אֹמֵ֣ר
הָ
Prefix — article the
אֹמֵ֣ר
Root word said, saying, saith, say, spake, …
Dictionary form: אָמַר · aw-MAHR

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: which commandeth
said ×947 saying ×718 and said ×688 saith ×527 and he said ×343 then said ×139 say ×122 and say ×119
More options
say — Most versatile; fits nearly any context or register.
declare — Emphasizes formal or authoritative pronouncement.
tell — Prefer when communication to an audience is stressed.
speak — Highlights the act of oral expression itself.
command — Use when the utterance carries directive force.
think — Fits internal or reflective speech contexts.

BDB557 H559

BDB556 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB558

אָמַר5287 verb utter, say (MI, Phoenician אמר, Aramaic אֲמַר, Ethiopic I. 2 shew, declare, Arabic command; perhaps √ אמר originally = be or make prominent, hence Hithpa`el below, אָמִיר; Sabean אמר lofty, epithet of king JHMordtmZMG 1876, 37; compare DlPr 28 who thinks original meaning hell, sichtbar sein, whence Assyrian amâru, see, & shew, declare, say) — Qal Perfect ׳א Gen 3:1 +, etc.; Imperfect יאֹמַר Gen 31:8 +; וַיּאֹ֫מֶר Gen 1:3 +; וַיּאֹמַ֑ר Gen 14:19 +; in Job always וַיּאֹ֑מַר Job 3:2 +; 3 feminine singular תּאֹמַר Gen 21:12 +; תּאֹמֵר֑ Prov 1:21 1 singular אֹמַר Gen 22:2 +; אוֺמְרָה Ps 42:10 וָאֹמַר Gen 20:13 +; וָאוֺמַר Neh 2:7; Neh 2:17; Neh 2:20 3 masculine plural יאֹמְדוּ Exod 4:1 + etc.; suffix יֹמְרוּךָ Ps 139:20 2 masculine plural תֹּמְדוּ 2Sam 19:14 ( compare Köi. p. 385); Imperative (אֱמָרֿ) אֱמֹר Gen 45:17 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָמוֺר Exod 21:5 +; construct אֱמֹר Ezek 25:8 +; (הַ)אֲמֹר Job 34:18 but read הָאֹמֵר ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Di, or better הֶאָמֹר Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative compare Ew :§ 328 d; suffix אָמְרִי Josh 6:10 +; אֲמָרְכֶם Jer 23:38 אֱמָרְכֶם Mal 1:7 +; לֵאמֹר Gen 1:22 +, etc.; Participle active אֹמֵר Gen 32:10 +, etc.; passive הֶאָמוּר Mic 2:7, but this grammatically indefensible, read הֶאָמוֺר, Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative, see DrExpositor, April, 1887, 263.

1. Say (subject God Gen 3:1 + or man Gen 32:5, serpent Gen 3:1, ass Num 22:28, horse יאֹמַר הֶאָח Job 39:25 etc.; inanimate things, personified Job 28:14 compare vJob 28:22 etc.; so in allegory or fable Judg 9:8; 2Kgs 14:9 etc.; especially in narration, וַיּאֹמֶר etc., Gen 4:6 + very often): mostly followed by thing said, either substantive Jer 14:17 (c. clause app.) Deut 27:16f.; Judg 12:6 pronoun Gen 44:16; 2Kgs 20:14 +; or (usually) clause Gen 1:3; Gen 3:1; Gen 37:20 + often (oratio recta [direct speech]); with adverb thus, so Gen 32:5; Num 20:14; 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 + often; especially ׳כֹּה אָמַר י Exod 5:1; Exod 7:17; Exod 8:1; Exod 8:20; 1Chr 17:4 + often; the person addressed usually introduced by אֶל Gen 3:1; Gen 15:7; Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; 2Sam 3:7; 1Kgs 12:5; 1Kgs 12:23, or לְ Gen 3:13; Gen 4:15; 1Sam 20:2; 2Sam 2:21; 1Kgs 14:2 + often; rarer combinations are, בְּאָזְנֵי ׳א Isa 49:20 (compare Isa 5:9 & see דבר); לִפְנֵי ׳א Ezek 28:9 לְעֵינֵי ׳א Deut 31:7; Josh 10:12; Jer 28:11 בְּ ׳א Joel 2:17; Ps 126:2, where בְּ local; in all cases usually followed by direct object of words said, Exod 19:25 being very singular; Gen 4:8 the object-clause has probably fallen out, compare Vrss Di; = mention, name, designate Gen 22:2; Gen 22:3; Gen 43:27; Gen 43:29; Exod 32:13; Num 14:40; 1Sam 10:16; 1Sam 16:3; 2Sam 6:22; Neh 6:19 compare Ps 139:20 יֹמְרוּךָ לִמְזִמָּה speak of thee for falsehood (but many, as Hup Pe Dy Che, read יַמְרוּךָ); = tell, declare, proclaim, (followed by direct object only) Ps 40:11; Ezek 13:7 in reply to question = answer Exod 12:27; Josh 4:7; 1Kgs 9:9; Jer 5:19; Jer 22:9. The object spoken of may be referred to by אֶל 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 22:18; Jer 27:19, or לְ Gen 20:13 אִמְרִי לִֹי say of me, etc. Deut 33:9; Judg 9:54; Isa 5:20; Ps 3:3; Ps 71:10, very rarely by a simple accusative Isa 3:10 (where read probably for אִמְרוּ, אַשְׁרֵי), except after אֲשֶׁר where the words used follow (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d) Gen 3:17; Num 10:29; Num 14:31; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 9:17; 1Sam 9:23b 1Kgs 8:29; Lam 4:20 compare Num 21:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4, & (two extreme cases) Isa 8:12; Lam 2:15 (see DrSm i. 24, 5); ֶ˜האָמוּר Mic 2:7 read infinitive absolute with ה interrogative הֶאָמוֺר (see above) shall one say ? shall it be said ? After another verb of saying, introducing thing said: Deut 21:7; Deut 25:9; Deut 27:15; Song 2:10 +, even after אמר Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; Jer 34:2; Esth 7:5 +; especially infinitive לֵאמֹר, after דבר Gen 8:15, צוה Gen 2:16, ענה Gen 44:16, ברך Gen 1:22, נשׁבע Gen 24:7, נדר Gen 28:20, etc.; after אמר 2Sam 3:18; 1Kgs 12:23; Ruth 4:4; 1Chr 21:18 +; after שׁלח 2Chr 35:21, שׁוּב Gen 32:7 compare also Gen 28:6; Gen 9:5; Gen 13:8; Gen 17:4; Deut 13:7; Judg 8:15; 1Sam 23:2; 1Kgs 13:3; Jer 32:3; Jer 37:9 +; also when subject of לֵאמֹר differs from that of pre-ceding clause Gen 31:1; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:24 etc.; after שׁמע Isa 37:9 = 2Kgs 19:9.

2. Say in the heart (= think) בלבב ׳א Deut 8:17 compare 1Kgs 12:26; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 35:25; Isa 14:13; Isa 47:8; Isa 47:10; Isa 49:21; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18 לִלְבָבָם ׳א Hos 7:2 אֶללִֿבּוֺ ׳א Gen 8:21 said unto his heart (to himself), subject ׳י, compare 1Sam 27:1 אָֽמְרָה נַפֲשִׁי Lam 3:24 thence ׳א alone Gen 20:11; Gen 26:9; Num 24:11; Ruth 4:4; 1Sam 20:26; 2Sam 5:6; 2Sam 12:22; 2Kgs 5:11 followed by clause with כִּי Judg 15:2 in particular = desire מַהתּֿאֹמַר נַפְשְׁךָ 1Sam 20:4 compare Esth 2:13 followed by infinitive = purpose, Exod 2:14 thinkest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian ? Josh 22:33; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:19; 2Chr 28:10; 2Chr 28:13 expect 2Sam 21:16 he expected to slay David 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 32:1.

3. Promise (followed by infinitive) 1Chr 27:23; 2Chr 21:7; Esth 4:7 (id. + ל of person) 2Kgs 8:19; Neh 9:15 (followed by accusative of direct object + ל of person + infinitive of purpose) Neh 9:23.

4. Command (especially late) followed by אֶלֿ of per-son addressed, Num 15:38; 1Chr 21:18 followed by ל Josh 11:9; 2Sam 16:11; 2Kgs 4:24; Job 9:7; Ps 106:34 (see below אֲשֶׁר 8 e); followed by infinitive 1Sam 24:11; 1Chr 21:17; 2Chr 1:18; 2Chr 29:27; 2Chr 29:30; 2Chr 31:11; 2Chr 35:21; Esth 1:17; Esth 4:13; Esth 4:15; Esth 6:1; Esth 9:14 followed by infinitive + ל of pers, 2Chr 14:3; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 31:4; followed by accusative direct object 2Chr 29:24 the king commanded the burnt-offering and the sin-offering, compare 1Kgs 5:20; Esth 2:15 followed by clause with אשׁר = that Neh 13:19 id. + ל of person vNeh 13:22 followed by clause with כִּי Job 36:10 absolute 1Sam 16:16 (read however probably יאמרו for יאמר, compare Dr); also Ps 105:31; Ps 105:34; Ps 107:25; 1Chr 14:12; 2Chr 24:8; Neh 13:9; Neh 13:19 (all followed by verb consecutive); command by letter עִםהַֿסֵּפֶר ׳א Esth 9:25 (followed by imperfect); appoint, assign לוֺ ׳לֶחֶם א 1Kgs 11:18 = threaten followed by infinitive Deut 9:25; Ps 106:23. Niph`al Perfect נֶאֱמַר Dan 8:26 Imperfect יֵאָמֵר Gen 22:14 +; יֵאָ֫מֶר לוֺ Isa 4:3 יֵאָמַ֑ר Gen 10:9 +; וַיֵּאָמַ֑ר Josh 2:2 be said, told Gen 10:9; Gen 22:14; Ps 87:5; Jer 4:11; Jer 16:14 (all absolute, indefinite subject, of current saying); so said in a book Num 21:14 be related, told, of vision Dan 8:26 said, told to (followed by ל indirect object) Josh 2:2; Hos 2:1 (twice in verse); Zeph 3:16 either so, or told concerning Num 23:23; Ezek 13:12 (אֶלֿ); יֵאָמֵר לָכֶם = ye shall be called (it shall be said to you) Isa 61:6 (|| תִּקָּרְאוּ), compare Isa 4:3; Isa 19:18; Isa 32:5 (|| יִקָּרֵא ל) Isa 62:4 (twice in verse); hence be called, of Tophet לֹאיֵֿאָמֵר עוֺד הַתֹּפֶת Jer 7:32 subject שֵׁם Gen 32:29; Job 34:31 כִּי אֶלאֵֿל הֶאָמַר, Rabb (compare AV) treat הֵאָמַר as Niph`al Infinitive for לְהֵאָמֵר, but against grammar; the form as it stands is Qal Perfect, אֶלאֵֿל being prefixed to the interrogative for emphasis (compare Jer 22:15; Jer 23:26; Neh 13:27), see Dr§ 9 Di and others; Hoffm., however, reads הֵאָמֵר infinitive absolute = imperative 'so must one speak (it be spoken) to God.' Hiph`il Perfect avow, avouch Deut 26:17 הֶאֱמַרְתָּ הַיּוֺם לִהְיוֺת לְךָ לֵאלֹהִים ׳אֶתיֿ; vDeut 26:18 ׳וי הֶאֱמִירְךָ היום להיות לוֺ לְעַם (literally cause to declare, i.e. through agency of Moses; on this & other interpretations see Di). Hithpa`el Imperfect יִתְאַמְּרוּ Ps 94:4 subject כָּלפֹּֿעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן act proudly, boast (|| יַבִּיעוּ יְדַבְּרוּ עָתָק probably also 2 masculine plural תִּתְיַמָּ֑רוּ Isa 61:6 (in good sense, followed by בְּ of thing gloried in) ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 & compare ᵐ5; GesComm. so De Che Köi. 457 f. (from [ימר] exchange Thes Hi Kn Ew Di; but see ימר, מור).

BDB9309 H560 H559

BDB9308 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9310

אֲמַר71 verb say, tell, command (Biblical Hebrew אָמַר); —

Pe Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳א Dan 2:12 +, אֲמַ֑ר Dan 7:1 3 feminine singular אֲמֶ֫רֶר Dan 5:10 (K§ 38, 1 a); 1 singular אַמְרֵת Dan 4:5 1 plural אֲאַ֫רְנָא Dan 5:4; Dan 5:9, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵאמַר (K§ 41) Dan 2:7 +; 2 masculine plural תֵּאמְרוּן Jer 10:11, etc.; Imperative masculine singular אֱמַר Jer 2:4 +; masculine plural אֱמַרוּ Jer 2:9 Infinitive לְמֵאמַר vJer 2:9, לְמֵמַ֑ר Ezra 5:11 (K§ 41 a); Participle אְמַר Dan 2:5 + often, plural אָֽמְרִין Dan 3:4; Ezra 5:3 +; —
1. say (often in phrase answer and say): followed by oratio recta [direct speech] (only), Dan 2:7; Dan 2:10 + 13 t. Daniel; Ezra 5:11 + ל person Dan 2:5; Dan 3:14 + 14 t. Daniel [plural with indefinite subject for passive Dan 4:28], Ezra 5:15 + קְָדָס person Dan 2:9; Dan 5:17; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:14 + כֵּן Dan 4:11; Dan 7:23, כֵּן with ל person Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:24; Dan 2:25; Dan 6:7, compare Dan 7:5 + כְּנֵמָא with ל person Ezra 5:4; Ezra 5:9 + כִּדְנָךְ with ל person Jer 10:11 followed by accusative of thing + עַל person against whom Dan 3:29.
2. relate, tell: followed by accusative of thing Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15; Dan 7:1, + ל person Dan 2:4; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:7; Dan 7:16 (accusative of thing omitted), + קְָדָם person Dan 2:36; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:5.
3. command: followed by infinitive Dan 2:12; Dan 2:46 + 6 t. Daniel; followed by finite verb Dan 5:29; Dan 6:17; Dan 6:23 followed by ל person + or. rect. Dan 3:4 [pl. with indefinite subject, for passive, K§ 76 e, so Dan 4:23].

said, saying, saith, say, spake, …
ʾāmar
to say (used with great latitude)
  • to say, speak, utter
    • (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend
      • "(Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called"(Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly"(Hiphil) to avow, to avouch

לַ ֭חֶרֶס
לַ
Prefix — preposition to, for + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)
֭חֶרֶס
Root word sun, itch
Dictionary form: חֶרֶס · heh-RES

לַ
Hidden "the" לַ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "to the ___".

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: the sun
the sun ×3 and with the itch ×1
More options
sun — Primary astronomical meaning; most contextually common.
solar disk — Poetic or elevated register; emphasizes the orb itself.
itch — Distinct medical sense; skin irritation or scabies.
skin disease — Broader rendering when 'itch' feels too colloquial.
heat — Metonymic; captures scorching quality of the sun.

BDB3142 H2775

BDB3141 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3143

I. חֶ֫רֶס noun masculineJudg 14:18 sun (Late Hebrew id.) — absolute ׳ח Job 9:7 (|| כוכבים); with ה epenth. בְּטֶרֶם יָבֹא הַחַ֫רְסָה Judg 14:18 (compare לַיִל, לַיְלָה) before the sun could go down (but read perhaps הַחַ֫דְרָה into the (bridal) chamber StaZAW 1884, 253 f f.).

BDB3179 H2775

BDB3178 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3180

III. [חֶ֫רֶס] noun [masculine] an eruptive disease, itch (Aramaic חַרְסָא, ; also rough, etc.) — וּבֶחָ֑רֶס Deut 28:27 (|| עפלים Kt, גָּרָב). — I, II. חֶרֶס see below חרס.

sun, itch
ḥeres
the sun
  • itch, an eruptive disease
    • "sun

וְ לֹ֣א
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
לֹ֣א
Particle not
Dictionary form: לֹא · loh

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: not
not ×882 neither ×399 no ×282 nor ×215 shall not ×205 thou shalt not ×116 is not ×102 and not ×86
More options
not — Default negation; fits nearly every context.
no — Use before nouns or as a standalone negative.
never — Emphasizes total or timeless negation.
nor — Use in paired or continued negative clauses.
neither — Use when negating two elements together.
none — Negates a noun or quantity; no one/nothing.

BDB4266 H3808

BDB4265 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4267

לֹא or לוֺא adverb not (Arabic , Aramaic לָא, , Sabean לא, Ass. lâ; not in Ethiopic: compare Köii. 1. 236 WalkerAJSL 1896, 237 ff.) — לוֺא, according to Masora (FrMM 248), 35 t., besides בְּלוֺא 6 t., and הֲלוֺא, the orthography of which varies much (ib.p. 251), e.g. in Samuel always הֲלוֺא, in Chronicles always הֲלֹא, on the whole הֲלוֺא 141 t., הֲלֹא 128 t.; twice, according to Masora, written לו (Qr לֹא), 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2, once לה Deut 3:11 Kt: — not — denying objectively, like οὐ (not μὴ = אַל): —

1. in predication:
  a. with a verb; so most frequently, and nearly always
   (a) with the finite tenses, whether perfect (Gen 2:5 b Gen 4:5 etc.) or imperfect (Gen 3:4; Gen 8:21; Gen 8:22 etc.); in short circumstantial clauses, as Gen 44:4 לא הרחיקו, Isa 40:20 לֹא יִמּוֺט, and with a final force Isa 41:7; Exod 28:32 (see Ges«GKC:156»§ 156. 3 R. b, c Dr§ 162). Governing two closely connected verbs (Dr§ 115, לא) Exod 28:43 וְלֹא יִשְׂאוּ עָוֺן וָמֵתוּ, Lev 19:12; Lev 19:29b Deut 7:25; Deut 7:26; Deut 19:10; Deut 22:1 and elsewhere; and two parallel clauses (Ges«GKC:152»§ 152. 3) Isa 23:4b Ps 9:19; Ps 44:19; Job 3:1 and elsewhere With the imperfect, especially with 2 person, לֹא often expresses (not, like אַל, a deprecation, do not . . ., let not . . ., but) a prohibition, as Gen 2:17 לֹא תאֹכַל מִמֶּנּוּ thou shall not eat of it, Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Exod 20:3 לֹאיִֿהְיֶה לְךָ there shall not be to thee, etc., vExod 20:13 לא תגנב, etc. With the coh. and jussive moods (which are negatived regularly by אַל), it occurs only exceptionally (Ges«GKC:109»§ 109. 1 b R. 1), Gen 24:8; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 17:12; 2Sam 18:14; 1Kgs 2:6; Ezek 48:14.
   (b) with the infinitive (which is negatived by בִּלְתִּי, q. v.), only once, in בְּלֹא (4 a), and with לְ, in the sense of cannot, or must not; Judg 1:19 כי לא להורישׁ for it was not (possible) to dispossess, etc. Amos 6:10 לא ׳להזכיר בשׁם י, 1Chr 5:1; 1Chr 15:2 (Dr§ 202. 2); compare Aramaic לָא Dan 6:9; Ezra 6:8. On its use with the participle, see b c.
   (c) לא always negates properly the word immediately following: hence, in a verbal sentence, where this is not the verb, some special stress rests upon it, Gen 32:29 לֹא יַעֲקֹב ׳יֵאָמֵר עוֺד וג not Jacob shall thy name be called any more, but Israel, Gen 45:8 לֹא אַתֶּם שְׁלַחְתֶּם אֹתִי Not ye (in our idiom: It is not ye who) have sent me hither, but God, Exod 16:8; 1Sam 8:7 כִּי לֹא ׳אֹתְךָ מָאָסוּ כִּי אֹתִי וג, Ps 115:17 without a following correcting clause, Gen 38:9; Num 16:29 שְׁלָחָנִי׃ ׳לֹא י Not ׳י (but another) hath sent me, Deut 32:27 לֹא פָּעַל זֹאת ׳י, 1Chr 17:4; Deut 8:9; Isa 28:28 לא לנצח ֗֗֗ not for ever (but only for a while) . . . (so Isa 57:16; Ps 9:19; Ps 49:18; Ps 103:9 but Isa 13:20 לא תשׁב לנצח is, will not be inhabited for ever), Isa 43:22; Job 13:16; Job 32:9 hence rhetorically, insinuating something very different, not named, 2Kgs 6:10 not once, and not twice (but repeatedly), Ezra 10:13; Jer 4:11 a wind לֹא לְזָרוֺת וְלוֺא לְהַָ˜בר׃ not to winnow, and not to cleanse (but to exterminate), Isa 45:13; Isa 48:1b Josh 24:12; Dan 11:20; Dan 11:29; Job 34:20 לֹא בְיָד (but by a Divine agency: compare Dan 2:34 also Job 20:26 אֵשׁ לֹא נֻפָּ֑ךְ fire not blown upon [but kindled from heaven], Lam 4:6 and אין Isa 47:14).
   (d) standing alone:
   (a) אִםלֹֿא if not, Gen 18:21 וְאִםלֹֿא אֵדָֽעָה׃, Gen 29:49; Gen 42:16; Job 9:24; Job 24:25 (β) הֲאִ֗֗֗םלֿא, or not, Gen 24:21 waiting to know דַּרְכּוֺ אִםלֹֿא ׳הַהִצְלִיחַ י, Gen 27:21; Gen 37:32; Exod 16:4; Num 11:23; Deut 8:2; Judg 2:22 (compare אִם אַיִן, אַיִן 2 d β, δ). In answer to a question or request, to deny, or decline, Nay, Nö: Judg 12:5 ויאמר לא, Hag 2:12 לא אדני Gen 23:11; Gen 42:10; 1Sam 1:15 +; often followed by כי, Nö for . . . = Nö but . . ., Gen 18:15 ויאמר לֹא כִּי צָחָ֑קְתְּ, Gen 19:2; Josh 5:14; Josh 24:21; 1Sam 2:16 Qr (see Dr), 1Sam 10:19 (ᵐ5 MSS), 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:22 (twice in verse) +; Job 23:6 (strangely). (compare, in deprecation, אַל.)
   (e) with an interrogative force, which however does not lie in לא as such, but (as in other cases) in the contrast with a preceding clause, or in the tone of voice (compare וְ 1 f; Ew§ 324 a Ges«GKC:150»§ 150. 1 Dr1Sam 11:12): Jonah 4:11 ׳אַתָּה חַסְתָּוַ֗֗֗אֲנִי לֹא אָחוּס וג, Job 2:10; Job 22:11; Exod 8:22; 2Kgs 5:26; Jer 49:9 (|| Obad 1:5 הֲלוֺא), Mal 2:15; Lam 3:38 and in passages, exegesis or text. doubtful (see Commentaries), 1Sam 20:14; 2Sam 23:5 (but see Bu), Hos 10:9 (Ew We), Hos 11:5 (Ew), Job 14:16b (but ᵐ5 Ew Di תַעֲבֹר), Lam 1:12 (Ew Ke), Lam 3:36 (Ke Bä).
  b. with adjectives and substantive:
   (a) Gen 2:18 לֹא טוֺב הֱֶיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדֹּו not good is man's being alone, Exod 18:17 + often
   (b) Exod 4:16 לֹא אִישׁ דְּבָרִים אָנֹכִי, Amos 7:14 לא נביא אנכי, Num 23:9 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב, Deut 17:15 (see אשׁר
2. b) Deut 20:20; Deut 32:47; 1Sam 15:29; 2Sam 18:20 לֹא אִישׁ בְּשׂרָה אַתָּה הַיּוֺם, 2Sam 21:2; 1Kgs 22:33; 2Kgs 6:19 לא זִה הדרך, Mic 2:10; Isa 27:11; Hos 8:6 והמה לא אלהים Jer 2:11; Jer 16:20; 2Kgs 19:18; 1Kgs 19:11 (twice in verse) לֹא ׳בָרַעַשׁ י, Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13; Job 15:9; Job 28:14 לֹא בִי הִיא (|| אֵין עִמָּדִי)s, Ps 74:9; Jer 5:10 המה ׳לוא לי, Jer 10:16; Deut 32:21 בָּנִים לֹא אֵמוּן בָּם, Jer 10:14; Hab 1:14; Job 16:17; Job 38:26 מִדְבָּר לֹא אָדָם בּוֺ; 1Kgs 22:17 לֹא אֲדֹנִים לָאֵלֶּה, Jer 49:31; Ps 22:3 וְלֹא דוּמִיָּה לִי, Job 18:17; Job 18:19; Job 29:12 ולא עֹזֵר לו, Job 30:13; Job 33:9; Jer 2:19 וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ and (that) my terror reached not unto thee, Job 21:9 absolute Gen 29:7 לֹאעֵֿתִ הֵאָסֵף הַמִּקְנֶה (Hag 1:2), Num 20:5; 2Kgs 4:23 לא חדשׁ ולא שׁבת, Isa 44:9; Jer 5:12 ויאמרו לוא הוא, Job 9:32; Job 22:16; Job 36:26; Job 41:2; Prov 19:7 (si vera lectio) מְרַדֵּף אֲמָרִים לֹאהֵֿמָּה words which are not, which are nought.
   (c) with the participle לֹא is rare, a finite verb being usually preferred (Exod 34:7 וְנַקִּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה: Ew§ 320 c Dr§ 162): 2Sam 3:34 יָדֶיךָ לֹא אֲסֻרוֺת, Ezek 4:14; Ezek 22:24; Deut 28:61; Ps 38:15 כְּאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר לֹא שֹׁמֵעַ who is not hearing, Job 12:3; Job 13:2 לֹא נֹפֵל אָנֹכִי מִכֶּם, Zeph 3:5 (very anomalous); 1Kgs 10:21 לא is probably textual error In וְהוּא לֹא שׂנֵא לוֺ or לא שׂנא הוא לו, Deut 4:42; Deut 19:4; Deut 19:6; Josh 20:5 (compare אֹיֵב Num 35:23), שׂנֵא is best construed as a substantive, he being a not-hater to him afore-time. — In most of the cases under b, c, אין could have been employed; but the negation by לֹא is more pointed and forcible.

2. Not in predication:
  a. coupled to an adjective to negative it, like the Greek ἀ‐, but usually by way of litotes: Hos 13:13 בן לאחֿכם an unwise son, Ps 36:5 דֶּרֶךְ לֹא טוֺב a way not good, Ps 43:1 גוי לא חסיד, Prov 16:29; Prov 30:25; Prov 30:26; Ezek 20:25; 2Chr 30:17 : Isa 16:14 לוֺא כַבִּיר, compare Isa 10:7 לֹא מְעַט.
  b. with a participle Jer 2:2 ארץ לא זרועה, Jer 18:15 (the finite verb is more common: see Isa 62:12 עִיר לֹא נֱעֶזָ֫בָה (compare Isa 54:11), Jer 6:8 אֶרֶץ לוֺא נוֺשָׁ֫בָה, Jer 15:18; Jer 22:6; Jer 31:18; Zeph 2:1).
  c. Gen 15:13 בארץ לא להם, Jer 5:19; Hab 1:6 מִשְׁכָּנוֺת לֹאלֿוֺ, Prov 26:17 רִיב לֹאלֿוֺ.
  d. with a substantive, in poetry, forming a kind of compound, expressing pointedly its antithesis or negation (German un- is sometimes used similarly): Deut 32:5(?). 17. 21 a they made me jealous בְּלֹא אֵל with a not-God (with what in no respect deserved the name of God), vb בְּלֹא עָם i.e. with an unorganized horde, Amos 6:13 הַשְּׂמֵחִים לְלֹא דָבָר i.e. at a thing which is not, an unreality (of their boasted strength), Isa 10:15 כְּהָרִים מַטֶּה לֹא עֵץ like a rod's lifting up what is no wood (but the agent wielding it), Isa 31:8 חרב לא אישׁ, חרב לא אדם, Isa 55:2 בלוא לחם for what is not bread, בלוא לשׂבעה for what is not for satiety, Jer 5:7 וַיּשָּֽׁבְעוּ בְּלֹא אֱלֹהִים by not-gods, in late prose 2Chr 13:9 כֹּהֵן לְלֹא אֱלֹהִים; Ps 44:13 תִּמְכֹּר עַמְּךָ בְּלֹאהֿוֺן for no-value (i.e. cheaply), Prov 13:23; Job 10:12 צלמות וְלֹא סְדָרִים darkness and disorder; so לֹאעַֿמִּי Hos 1:9; Hos 2:25: still more pregnantly Job 26:2 a מֶהעָֿזַרְתָּ לְלֹאכֹֿחַ (poetic for לאשׁר אין לו כח) the powerless, vJob 26:2b; vJob 26:3a (Ew§ 286 g Ges«GKC:152»§ 152. 1 n.), Job 39:16 הִקְשִׁיחַ בָּנֶיהָ לְלֹא לָהּ useth hardly her young ones (making them) into none of hers; and even Hab 2:6 הַמַּרְבֶּה לֹאלֿוֺ what is not his own (compare Job 18:15 מִבְּלִי לוֺ). compare with a verb, and ellipse of אשׁר, Isa 65:1 לְלֹא שָׁאָ֑לוּ to those who have not asked, vb Jer 2:8 אַחֲרִי לֹא יוֺעִילוּ, vJer 2:11b; also לֹא רֻחָ֫מָה Hos 1:6; Hos 1:8; Hos 2:25, and probably Job 31:31 לֹא נִשְׂבָּ֑ע (perfect in p.) one not satisfied.
  e. in circumstantial clauses (Dr§ 164), in poetry and rare: qualifying a substantive, 2Sam 23:4 בֹּקֶר לֹא עָבוֺת a morning without clouds, Job 12:24 בְּתֹהוּ לֹא דֶרֶךְ in a pathless waste, Job 38:26a; and a verb Job 34:24 יָרֹעַ כַּבִּרִים לֹא חֵקֶר without inquiry, Ps 59:4 לא פשׁעי ולא חטאתי (compare vPs 59:4 בלי עון), in late prose, twice, 1Chr 2:30; 1Chr 2:32 וימת לא בנים (אֵין and בְּלִי, q. v., are more usual in such cases).

3. Once (according to many MSS), as a substantive, Job 6:21 כִּיעַֿתָּה הֱיִיתֶם לֹא for now are ye become nothing, Hi De Kö (compare Dan 4:32 (Aramaic) כְּלָה חֲשִׁיבִין, ᵑ7 here כְּלָא הֲוֵיתוּן, and אַל Job 24:25); but reading fluctuates (Orientals לֹא, Qr לו, Westerns, Baer (see pp. 37, 56) לוֺ ['now are ye become that,' namely the נַחַל אַכְזָב of vJob 24:15]; but even לוֺ yields a forced sense; and text is probably wrong: Mich Ew Ol Sgf Bu כֵּןלִ֗֗֗י (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 also read לִי); Bö Di כִּילְ֗֗֗אָ֑יִן. compare Köii. 1. 236 f.
4. With prefixes: —
  a. בְּלֹא31 (chiefly in poetry or late), according to the varying significance of בְּ:
   (a) usually with not = without, Jer 22:13 בונה ביתו בלאֿ צדק without justice (|| בלא משׁפט; so Ezek 22:29; Prov 16:8), Isa 55:1 (twice in verse); Prov 19:2; Job 8:11 הֲיִגְאֶהגֹּֿמֶא בְּלֹא בִצָּה without mire || כלי מים, Job 30:28 בְּלֹא חַמָּה (=not through the sun), Lam 1:6 וילכו בלאכֿח, Num 35:22 בְּלֹא אֵיבָה ֗֗֗ בְּלֹא צְדִיָּה, vNum 35:23 (followed by infinitive) בְּלֹא רְאוֺת, 2Chr 21:20; Eccl 10:11; Ps 17:1 תְּפִלָּתִי בְּלֹא שִׂפְתֵי מִרְמָה; used more freely in Chronicles, 1Chr 12:18 בְּלֹא חָמָס בְּכַפָּֽי׃, v.1Chr 12:34 בְּלֹא לֵב וָלֵב, 2Chr 30:18 בְּלֹא כַכָּתוּב. With ellipse of rel., Lam 4:14 בְּלֹא יוּכְלוּ יִגְּעוּ without (that) men are able to touch, etc.
   (b) of time, in not, i.e. outside of, Lev 15:25 בלא עֶתנִֿדָּתָהּ, before Job 15:32 בלאיֿומו, Eccl 7:17 בְּלֹא עִתֶּךְ׃.
   (c) where לֹא belongs to the following word, and is only accidentally preceded by ב (see above 2 d), Deut 32:21 (twice in verse); Jer 5:7; Prov 13:23 בלא משׁפט through injustice; with בְּ pretii, Ps 44:13; Isa 55:2 (twice in verse); Jer 2:11 בְּלוֺא יוֺעִיל for (that which) profiteth not.


  b. הֲלֹא nonne ? Gen 4:7 + often Inviting, as it does, an affirmative answer, it is often used,
   (a) especially in conversation, for pointing to a fact in such a way as to arouse the interest of the person addressed, or to win his assent: Gen 13:19 Is not the whole land before thee ? Gen 19:20; Gen 20:5; Gen 27:36; Gen 29:25; Exod 4:11 Who maketh dumb or deaf, etc. Do not I ? Exod 33:16; Judg 4:6; Judg 4:14; Judg 8:2; Judg 9:28; Judg 9:38; 1Sam 9:20; 1Sam 9:21; 1Sam 15:17 etc.; with a verb in 1 person, Josh 1:9 הלא צויתיך, Judg 6:14 הלא שׁלחתיך, 1Sam 20:30; 2Sam 19:23; Ruth 2:9: similarly in a poetical or rhetorical style, Judg 5:30 הלא ימצאו יחלקו שׁלל, Isa 8:19; Isa 10:8; Isa 10:9; Isa 10:11; Isa 28:25; Isa 29:17; Isa 40:21; Isa 40:23; Isa 42:24; Isa 43:19 etc., Job 4:6; Job 4:21; Job 7:1; Job 10:10; Job 10:20, etc. (β) it has a tendency to become little more than an affirm. particle, declaring with some rhetorical emphasis what is, or might be, well known: Deut 3:11 הֲלֹה הִיא בְרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֺן, Deut 11:30; 1Sam 21:12 הלוא ׳זה דוד וג (compare 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:5; 2Sam 11:3), 2Sam 23:19; 2Sam 26:1; 2Sam 15:35 it is thus nearly = הִנֵּה (ᵐ5 sometimes represents it by ιδου, as Josh 1:9; Judg 6:14; Ruth 2:9; 2Sam 15:35); so especially in the phrase of the compiler of Kings, And the rest of the acts of . . ., הֲלֹא הֵם (הֵמָּה) כְּתוּבִים are they not written in, etc. ? 1Kgs 11:41; 1Kgs 14:29 + often (with which there interchanges הִנָּם כְּתוּבִים 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 15:11; 2Kgs 15:26; 2Kgs 15:31, which is generally used by the Chronicles, 2Chr 16:11; 2Chr 20:34, etc.), Josh 10:13 (compare 2Sam 1:18 הִנֵּה), 1Kgs 8:53 ᵐ5, Esth 10:2; Ps 56:14 (strangely: contr. Ps 116:8). — הֲלֹא הִנֵּה Hab 2:13; 2Chr 25:26 (הִנָּם). — On Judg 14:15, see הֲ 1 end.


  c. וָלֹ֕א and not=and if not, 2Sam 13:26; 2Kgs 5:17. compare וָּיֵשׁ.
  d. כְּלוֺא Obad 1:16 והיו כלוא היו, poetic for כאשׁר, as though they had not been.


  e. לְלֹא without, literally in the condition of no . . . 2Chr 15:3 (compare לְאֵין, also in Chronicles). Elsewhere לא belongs to the following word, Amos 6:13; 2Chr 13:9; Isa 65:1 (twice in verse); Job 26:2; Job 26:3; Job 39:16 (see above 2 d).

Note. — Fifteen times, according to Masora (see DePs 100. 3 FrMM 247 StrProl. Cr. 84), לא is written by error for לוֺ, namely Exod 21:8; Lev 11:21; Lev 25:30; 1Sam 2:3; 2Sam 16:18; 2Kgs 8:10; Isa 9:2; Isa 63:9; Ps 100:3; Ps 139:16; Job 13:15; Job 41:4; Prov 19:7; Prov 26:2; Ezra 4:2 (always with Qr לוֺ). The passages must be considered each upon its own merits: in some לוֺ yields a preferable sense; but this is not the case in all. There is the same קרי (rightly) on Isa 49:5; 1Chr 11:20 but these were not considered to rest upon equal authority, and are hence not reckoned with the fifteen. — In Judg 21:22 (see GFM), 1Sam 13:13; 1Sam 20:14 (twice in verse), and in Job 9:33 לֹא יֵשׁ, read probably לֻא for לֹא.

BDB4344 H3808

BDB4343 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4345

לוֺ (Kt 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2), לוֺא, see לֹא.

BDB9632 H3808 H3809

BDB9631 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9633

לָא (לָה Dan 4:32) adverb not (Biblical Hebrew לא; Aramaic of Têma, Egyptian, etc., לא; Nerab ל (Lzb301 CookG1. 67); ᵑ7 לָא; Syriac ); — not Jer 10:11; Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:10, etc.; before a participle (so rarely in Biblical Hebrew, 1 b c), Dan 2:27; Dan 2:43; Dan 3:16; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15 +, so v.Dan 4:32 וְכָלדָּֿאְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּלָה חֲשׁיבִין; are as men not accounted of (so Bev Behrm Marti, compare Isa 53:8 ᵑ7 בסירין ולא חשׁיבין; > most 'accounted as nothing,' for which no analogy, yet compare Ps 39:6 ᵑ7); followed by אִיתַי, see אִיתַי. With infinitive and לְ Dan 6:9 דִּי לָא לִהַשְׁנָיָה which it is not to alter = which is not to be altered (compare v.Dan 6:16), Ezra 6:8 (K§ 67, 1 Dr§ 202, 2.; compare Isa 35:6 ᵑ7, DAramaic Dialektproben, p. 1). With interr. הֲלָא Dan 3:24; Dan 4:27; Dan 6:13.

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

BDB9639 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9641

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke217, 219, 241 S-CPap. C 6, 7 +; lâinnî, however SocArab. Dial. see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
  a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
  b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.
2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

not, no, neither, nor, none, …
lōʾ
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
  • not, no
    • not (with verb—absolute prohibition)
      • "not (with modifier—negation)"nothing (subst)"without (with particle)"before (of time)

יִזְרָ֑ח
יִזְרָ֑ח
Root word ariseth, up, arise, risen, riseth, …
Dictionary form: זָרַח · dzaw-RA

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and it riseth
ariseth ×2 also ariseth ×1 and it riseth ×1 and rose up ×1 arise ×1 arose ×1 be risen ×1 did arise ×1
More options
rise — Most natural modern default for sun/light appearing.
shine — Emphasizes radiance rather than upward motion.
dawn — Evokes gradual brightening; good for figurative light.
break (of light) — Idiomatic for daybreak or sudden appearance.
emerge — Neutral, suits non-solar uses like a person appearing.
blaze up — Conveys intensity; good for glory or sudden brightness.

BDB2450 H2224

BDB2449 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2451

זָרַח verb rise, come forth (Late Hebrew id., Assyrian zarâ—u DlPr 180; Sabean דֿרח lofty, majestic (of king) and in compound proper name DHMZMG 1875, 605; 1883, 327 MordtZMG 1876, 37) —

Qal Perfect ׳ז Deut 33:2; Ps 112:4 זָרָ֑ח Isa 60:1 וְזָרַח consecutive Isa 58:10; Eccl 1:5 3 feminine singular זָ˜רְחָה Exod 22:2 + 3 t.; וְזָרְָֽחָה consecutive Mal 3:20 Imperfect יִזְרַח 2Sam 23:4; Isa 60:2 יִזְרָ֑ח Job 9:7 וַיִּזְרַח Gen 32:32 3 feminine singular תִּזְרח Ps 104:22 Infinitive construct זְרֹחַ Judg 9:33; Joel 4:8 Participle זוֺרֵחַ Eccl 1:5 —
1. rise:
  a. (of sun) Judg 9:33; Nah 3:7; 2Sam 23:4; Jonah 4:8; Job 9:7; Ps 104:22; Eccl 1:5 (twice in verse); followed by על Exod 22:2 (JE), 2Kgs 3:22 followed by לְ Gen 32:32 (J).
  b. figurative, followed by לְ, שֶׁמֶשׁ צְדָקָה Mal 3:20 of ׳י, וְזָרַח מִשֵּׂעִיר לָמוֺ Deut 33:2 followed by על, Isa 60:2 (|| כבודו יראה); ׳כבוד י Isa 60:1 subject אוֺד, figurative ( = happiness, blessedness) Isa 58:10; Ps 112:4 (followed by לְ).
2. come out, appear, of appearance of leprosy (הַצָּרַ֫עַת) 2Chr 26:19.

ariseth, up, arise, risen, riseth, …
zāraḥ
properly, to irradiate (or shoot forth beams), i.e., to rise (as the sun); specifically, to appear (as a symptom of leprosy)
  • to rise, come forth, break out, arise, rise up, shine
    • (Qal)
      • to rise
        • "to come out, appear

וּ בְעַ֖ד
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
בְעַ֖ד
Preposition for, upon, through, about, at, …
Dictionary form: בְּעַד · beh-AD

Preposition

for ×36 through ×7 at ×5 himself and for ×5 upon ×5 and for ×4 within ×3 about ×2
More options
on behalf of — Best for intercessory or protective contexts.
for — General-purpose; modernizes the most common KJV rendering.
through — Spatial sense; motion passing through something.
around — Enclosing or surrounding sense, e.g. a barrier or fence.
concerning — When the preposition introduces a topic or subject.
over — Covering or protective sense; use with shielding imagery.

BDB1206 H1157

BDB1205 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1207

בַּ֫עַד105 substantive properly separation, with a genitive, in separation from, in usage a preposition away from, behind, about, on behalf of (Arabic , of time, after) — absolute Song 4:1; Song 4:3; Song 6:7, elsewhere construct בְּעַד, with suffix בַּעֲדִי Exod 8:24 +, בַּעֲדֵנִי Ps 139:11 בַּעַדְךָ Gen 20:7 +; בַּעֲדוֺ etc.; 1 plural בַּעֲדֵנוּ, Amos 9:10 בַּעֲדֵינוּ; בַּעַדְכֶם 1Sam 7:5 +; בַּעֲדָם Lev 9:7 +; —

1. literal
  a. with verbs of falling, letting down, leaning forward so as to look out, through (literally away from) a window, etc.: Josh 2:15 and she let him down by a cord בְּעַד הַחַלּוֺן away from the window, i.e. out through it, 1Sam 19:12; 2Sam 20:21; 2Kgs 1:2 and A. fell בְּעַד הַשְּׂבָּכָה out through the lattice; Gen 26:8; Judg 5:28 out through the window נִשְׁקְפָה she looked forth (literally leant forward), 2Sam 6:26 +; pregnantly Job 22:13 will he judge בְּעַד עֲרָפֶל (looking) out through the thick clouds ? Conversely Joel 2:9 in through the windows they come (the locusts) as a thief.
  b. idiomatic with verbs of shutting, especially סָגַר בְּעַד to shut behind or upon — whether oneself, Judg 9:51 and they entered the tower וַיִּסְגְּרוּ בַּעֲדָם and shut (the doors) upon themselves (that is, from the inside), 2Kgs 4:4; 2Kgs 4:5; 2Kgs 4:33; Isa 26:20 or another, Gen 7:16 בַּעֲדוֺ ׳וַיִּסְגֹּר י and ׳י shut behind or upon him (that is, from the outside), i.e. shut him in, Judg 3:23 (the suffix in בַּעֲדוֺ referrring to Eglon), 2Kgs 4:21 (but
N.B. persons leaving a room shut the door אַחֲרֵי themselves Gen 19:6; 2Sam 13:17; 2Sam 13:18): see also Judg 3:22; 1Sam 1:6 בְּעַד רַחְמָהּ ׳סָגַּר י (compare Gen 20:18 עָצַר בְּעַד רֶחֶם), Job 9:7 חָתַם בְּעַד to seal up, Job 1:10; Job 3:23 שׂוּךְ (הֵסֵךְ) בְּעַד to make a hedge about, Lam 3:7 גָּדַר בְּעַד to fence about. Somewhat peculiarly Lam 9:10 (who say,) Evil will not draw near, or come in front בַּעֲדֵינוּ so as to be about us (but Gr עָדֵינוּ unto us), Joel 2:8 (of the locusts) בְּעַד הַשֶּׁלַח יִפֹּ֑לוּ (probably) in among the weapons they throw themselves (i.e. they pass about and between them without being injured or having their course impeded), 1Sam 4:18 and Eli fell backward בְּעַד יַד הַשַּׁעַר, i.e. (si vera 1.) about the side of the gate: but text dubious; see Dr. Without a verb Jonah 2:7 the earth, בְּרִיחֶיהָ בַעֲדִי her bars were upon me (or about me) for ever, Ps 139:11 night shall be the light about me, Ps 3:4 thou מָגֵּן בַּעֲדִי art a shield about me. Hence
  c. after a verb of protecting, Zech 12:8 in that day בְּעַד יושׁב ׳יָגֵןי ירושׁלם will ׳י give protection about, etc.
2. metaph. on behalf of (ὑπέρ); very frequently after הִתְפַּלֵּל Gen 20:7; Num 21:7; 1Sam 7:5; Ps 72:15 +; also with other verbs of entreating Exod 8:24; 1Sam 7:9, or consulting (דָּרַשׁ) Isa 8:19; 2Kgs 22:13; Jer 21:2 with כִּפֶּר atone Exod 32:30; Lev 9:7; Lev 11:6; Lev 11:11 +, עָשָׂה (= offer) Ezek 45:22: see also 2Sam 10:12; 2Sam 12:16; Isa 37:4; Jer 7:16; Jer 11:4; Ezek 22:30; Prov 20:16; Prov 27:13; Ps 138:8; Job 2:4 עוֺר בְּעַד עוֺר (see עוֺר), Job 6:22. Almost = for the sake of, an account of Prov 6:26; Jer 11:14 (but ᵐ5. ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 and many MSS. בְּעֵת רָעָתָם, compare vJer 11:12; Jer 15:11). Isa 32:14 hill and watch-tower הָיָה בְעַד מְעָרוֺת are come to be on behalf of (i.e. take the place of, serve as) caves for ever: but use is singular, and בְּעַד is probably only dittograph from מער in מערות (so Gr). — With מִן, ׳מִבַּעַד לְ (compare ׳מִמַּעַל לְ, ׳מִתַּחַת לְ): Song 4:1; Song 4:3; Song 6:7 thine eyes are doves מִבַּעַד לְצַמָּתֵךְ from behind thy veil. compare on בַּעַד GrätzMonatsschrift, 1879, 49 ff.

for, upon, through, about, at, …
bĕʿad
in up to or over against; generally at, beside, among, behind, for, etc
  • behind, through, round about, on behalf of, away from, about
    • through (of action)
      • "behind (with verbs of shutting)"about (with verbs of fencing)"on behalf of (metaphorically especially with Hithpael)

כּוֹכָבִ֣ים
כּוֹכָבִ֣ים
Root word stars, star
Dictionary form: כּוֹכָב · koh-KAWB

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the stars
the stars ×9 as the stars of ×4 and the stars ×3 as the stars ×3 of the stars ×2 stars ×2 a star ×1 above the stars ×1
More options
star — Default choice; works in nearly every context.
celestial body — More formal or scientific register.
heavenly light — Poetic contexts emphasizing luminosity or wonder.
night light — Vivid, accessible rendering for general audiences.

BDB3881 H3556

BDB3880 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3882

כּוֺכָב noun masculineGen 15:5 star (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic כּוֺכְבָא, כּוֺכַבְתָּא , , feminine form specifically of planet Venus, see also WeSkizzen iii. 36, 38; Arabic generally of single stars and probably Aramaic loan-word, WeSkizzen iii. 173; Ethiopic ; probably for *כבכב see Mahri kubkob, kobkib, etc., MaltzanZMG 1873, 227 and Assyrian kakkabu DlHWB 336; Punic κακαβουμ (Dioscorides), name of a plant, probably from shape of seed-cup, BlauZMG xxvii, 1873, 529; on formation compare NöM § 109 BaNB § 138. 1) — ׳כ absolute Num 24:17 construct כּוֺכַב Amos 5:26 plural כּוֺכָבִים Gen 1:16 + 19 t.; construct כּוֺכְבֵי (כֹּכְבֵי) Gen 22:17 + 13 t.; כֹּכְבֵיהֶם Ezek 32:7 — singular only אֱלֹהֵיכֶם ׳כ Amos 5:26 (where, however, ׳כ is probably a gloss, so GFM Dec. 19, 1890, and now We; see further כִּיּוּן); and מִיַּעֲקֹב ׳כ Num 24:12 (J E; || שֵׁבֶט בישׂראל, metaphor of future ruler); elsewhere plural stars, || sun and moon (compare also below) Gen 1:16 (P) Ps 136:9 (to rule the night, compare Gen 1:16), Jer 31:35; Gen 37:9 (E), Joseph's dream (׳אַחַד עָשָׂר כ = 11 brethren); Deut 4:19 object of idolatrous worship (compare below); observed in augury ׳הַחֹזִים בַּכּ Isa 47:13 (of Babylon); Eccl 12:2 (|| (also) light; figurative of brightness of youth); || sun Job 9:7 || moon Ps 8:4 sign of evening Neh 4:15 (׳מֵעֲלוֺת הַשַּׁחַר עַד צֵאת הַכּ) compare כּוֺכְבֵי נִשְׁכּוֺ Job 3:9 (apparently sign of dawn); numbered by God Ps 147:4 simile of abundant posterity, Gen 15:5; Gen 22:17; Gen 26:4; Exod 32:13 (all J E); of Israel Deut 1:10; Deut 10:22; Deut 28:62; 1Chr 27:32; Neh 9:23 of number of merchants of Nineveh Nah 3:16 as lofty, Job 22:12 so in figure of haughty nations Obad 1:4; Isa 14:13 compare symbolic vision of Daniel (|| צָבָא, צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם) Dan 8:10 simile of brightness of righteous Dan 12:3 not pure (זַכּוּ) before God Job 25:5 (|| moon); darkened in Yahweh's judgment Joel 2:10; Joel 4:15; Ezek 32:7 (|| sun and moon; so) Isa 13:10 (|| also כְּסִילֵיהֶם); personified: as fighting Judg 5:20 shouting Job 38:7 (בְּרָןיַֿחַד כּוֺכְבֵי בֹקֶר, || בְּנֵי אֱלֹחִים); praising Ps 148:3 (כּוֺכְבֵי אוֺר, || sun and moon). — On stars in Arabic mythology see WeSkizzen iii. 173 f.

stars, star
kôkāb
a star (as round or as shining); figuratively, a prince
  • star
    • of Messiah, brothers, youth, numerous progeny, personification, God's omniscience (figuratively)

יַחְתֹּֽם
יַחְתֹּֽם
Root word sealed, up, seal, end, marked, …
Dictionary form: חָתַם · haw-TAHM

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and sealeth up
and sealed ×6 and seal ×3 seal ×2 and sealeth ×1 and sealeth up ×1 and to make an end ×1 and to seal up ×1 be stopped ×1
More options
seal — Core meaning; best default rendering in most contexts.
stamp — Use when a physical impression or mark is emphasized.
close up — Conveys securing or shutting away; good for metaphorical uses.
mark — Prefer when the sense is identification or branding.
certify — Formal/legal contexts; sealing as official attestation.
block — Use when access is being prevented or something is stopped up.

BDB3252 H2856

BDB3251 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3253

חָתַם verb seal, affix seal, seal up (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic חֲתַם, ; Ethiopic Arabic (whence ) is loan-word according to Frä252) —

Qal Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַחְתֹּם Job 9:7; Job 33:6, יַחְתּוֺם Job 37:7, וַיַּחְתֹּם Esth 8:10, etc.; Imperative חֲתֹם Dan 12:4, חֲתוֺם Isa 8:16, חִתְמוּ Esth 8:8 Infinitive absolute חָתוֺם Jer 32:44 construct לַחְתֹּם Dan 9:24, + vDan 9:24 Kt (Qr לְהָתֵם); Participle active חוֺתֵם Ezek 28:12 pass. חָתוּם Deut 32:24 + 2 t., etc.; —
1. seal, affix one's seal, in attestation; seal with king's seal (בְּחֹתָמוֺ) 1Kgs 21:8, בְּטַבַּעַת המלך Esth 8:8; Esth 8:10 of covenant with ׳י, attested by seal (passive) Neh 10:1; Neh 10:2 figurative, of ׳י putting his seal upon (בְּ) discipline, i.e. ratifying it, Job 33:16 perhaps also upon hand of man (that man may know ׳י's ways) Job 37:7 see De; Di below
2. seal up hand of man, so that he cannot work with it (in winter).
2. seal up, fasten up by sealing, a deed of sale Jer 32:10; Jer 32:11(opposed to הַגָּלוּי that which was left open,), vJer 32:14 vJer 32:44, a book of prophecy Dan 12:4 (|| סְתֹם הַדְּבָרים), compare vDan 12:9 (|| id.), Dan 9:24 b; so in simileof unintelligible prophecy Isa 29:11 (twice in verse); חֲתֹם תּוֺרָה בְּלְמֻּדָ֑י Isa 8:16 seal up the teaching among my disciples, i.e. keep it securely (|| צוֺר); of ׳י's remembrance of offences חָתוּם בְּאוֺצְרֹתָ֑י Deut 32:34 (|| כָּמֻס עְמָּדִי), so חָתוּם בִּצְרוֺר פִּשְׁעִי Job 14:17 (|| וַתִּטְפֹּל עַלעֲֿוֺנִי); מַעְיָן חָתוּם Song 4:12 a fountain sealed up, metaphor of chaste woman (|| גַּן (גַּל) נָעוּל); ׳וּבְעַד כּוֺכָבִים יַח Job 9:7 and about the stars he putteth a seal (|| of forbidding sun to rise). — אַתָּה חוֺתֵם תָּכְנִית Ezek 28:12 is obscure: thou wast one sealing proportion, i.e. perfection, — wast complete perfection, Ges Sm.; wast a sealer of symmetry see Da; wast a seal (ring) — i.e. חוֺתַם construct — of proportion Manuscripts ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Hi compare Ew; text perhaps corrupt, see suggestions in Co. — Dan 9:24 a read Qr לְהָתֵם (see תמם). Job 33:16; Job 37:7 see below
1. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular [or Participle?] נִכְתָּ֔ב וְנֶחְתָּ֖ם Esth 3:12 (it was) written and sealed בְּטַבַּעַת הַמֶּלֶךְ; Infinitive absolute וְנַחְתּוֺם Esth 8:8 (continuing participle נִכְתָּ֣ב) also + ׳בְּטַבַּעַת הַמּ; both passive of Qal 1. Pi`el Perfect 3 plural יוֺמָם חִתְּמוּלָֿמוֺ Job 24:16 literally by day they seal up for themselves, i.e. according to most, they shut themselves up, do not shew themselves (|| לֹא יָדְעוּ אוֺר); ᵐ5 C has ἡμέρας ἐσφράγισαν εἀυτοῖ ς (B and others εἁυτους), whence Siegf conjecture plausibly ׳ל ׳יָמִים ח they seal up the days unto themselves, i.e. daytime is for them sealed up and unused. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular אוֺהֶֿחְתִּים בְּשָׁרוֺ מִזּוֺבוֺ Lev 15:3 or hath his flesh (genital organ) shewn stoppage by reason of his flux.

BDB9552 H2856 H2857

BDB9551 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9553

[חֲתַם] verb seal (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix (of stone) חַתְמֶהּ Dan 6:18 (ב instrumental).

sealed, up, seal, end, marked, …
ḥātam
to close up; especially to seal
  • to seal, seal up, affix a seal
    • (Qal)
      • to seal, affix one's seal
        • "to seal up, fasten up by sealing
      (Niphal) to seal"(Piel) to lock up"(Hiphil) to be stopped

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.
הָאֹמֵ֣ר לַ֭חֶרֶס Dechi — a lesser break וְלֹ֣א יִזְרָ֑ח Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וּבְעַ֖ד כּוֹכָבִ֣ים יַחְתֹּֽם Silluq — end of the verse

הָאֹמֵר לַחֶרֶס וְלֹא יִזְרָח וּבְעַד כּוֹכָבִים יַחְתֹּֽם׃
7
Which commandeth the sun, and it riseth not; and sealeth up the stars.
Cross References

Isaiah 13:10

כִּֽי-כוֹכְבֵי הַשָּׁמַיִם וּכְסִילֵיהֶם לֹא יָהֵלּוּ אוֹרָם חָשַׁךְ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ בְּצֵאתוֹ וְיָרֵחַ לֹֽא-יַגִּיהַ אוֹרֽוֹ׃
10
For the stars of heaven and the constellations thereof shall not give their light: the sun shall be darkened in his going forth, and the moon shall not cause her light to shine.

Amos 8:9

וְהָיָה׀ בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה וְהֵבֵאתִי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ בַּֽצָּהֳרָיִם וְהַחֲשַׁכְתִּי לָאָרֶץ בְּיוֹם אֽוֹר׃
9
And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord GOD, that I will cause the sun to go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in the clear day:

Luke 21:25

Καὶ ἔσται σημεῖα ἐν ἡλίῳ καὶ σελήνῃ καὶ ἄστροις καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς συνοχὴ ἐθνῶν ἐν ἀπορίᾳ ἠχούσης θαλάσσης καὶ σάλου
25
And there shall be signs in the sun, and in the moon, and in the stars; and upon the earth distress of nations, with perplexity; the sea and the waves roaring;

Job 38:19

אֵי-זֶה הַדֶּרֶךְ יִשְׁכָּן-אוֹר וְחֹשֶׁךְ אֵי-זֶה מְקֹמֽוֹ׃
19
Where is the way where light dwelleth? and as for darkness, where is the place thereof,

Matthew 24:29

Εὐθέως δὲ μετὰ τὴν θλῖψιν τῶν ἡμερῶν ἐκείνων ὁ ἥλιος σκοτισθήσεται καὶ ἡ σελήνη οὐ δώσει τὸ φέγγος αὐτῆς καὶ οἱ ἀστέρες πεσοῦνται ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ αἱ δυνάμεις τῶν οὐρανῶν σαλευθήσονται
29
Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the be sun darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken:

Joshua 10:12

אָז יְדַבֵּר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לַֽיהוָה בְּיוֹם תֵּת יְהוָה אֶת-הָאֱמֹרִי לִפְנֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיֹּאמֶר׀ לְעֵינֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁמֶשׁ בְּגִבְעוֹן דּוֹם וְיָרֵחַ בְּעֵמֶק אַיָּלֽוֹן׃
12
Then spake Joshua to the LORD in the day when the LORD delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel, and he said in the sight of Israel, Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; and thou, Moon, in the valley of Ajalon.

Amos 4:13

כִּי הִנֵּה יוֹצֵר הָרִים וּבֹרֵא רוּחַ וּמַגִּיד לְאָדָם מַה-שֵּׂחוֹ עֹשֵׂה שַׁחַר עֵיפָה וְדֹרֵךְ עַל-בָּמֳתֵי אָרֶץ יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵֽי-צְבָאוֹת שְׁמֽוֹ׃
13
For, lo, he that formeth the mountains, and createth the wind, and declareth unto man what is his thought, that maketh the morning darkness, and treadeth upon the high places of the earth, The LORD, The God of hosts, is his name.

Exodus 10:21

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-מֹשֶׁה נְטֵה יָֽדְךָ עַל-הַשָּׁמַיִם וִיהִי חֹשֶׁךְ עַל-אֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם וְיָמֵשׁ חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃
21
And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt.

Daniel 4:35

וְכָל-דָּאְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּלָה חֲשִׁיבִין וּֽכְמִצְבְּיֵהּ עָבֵד בְּחֵיל שְׁמַיָּא וְדָאְרֵי אַרְעָא וְלָא אִיתַי דִּֽי-יְמַחֵא בִידֵהּ וְיֵאמַר לֵהּ מָה עֲבַֽדְתְּ׃
35
And all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing: and he doeth according to his will in the army of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth: and none can stay his hand, or say unto him, What doest thou?

Job 37:7

בְּיַד-כָּל-אָדָם יַחְתּוֹם לָדַעַת כָּל-אַנְשֵׁי מַעֲשֵֽׂהוּ׃
7
He sealeth up the hand of every man; that all men may know his work.

Ezekiel 32:7

וְכִסֵּיתִי בְכַבּֽוֹתְךָ שָׁמַיִם וְהִקְדַּרְתִּי אֶת-כֹּֽכְבֵיהֶם שֶׁמֶשׁ בֶּעָנָן אֲכַסֶּנּוּ וְיָרֵחַ לֹא-יָאִיר אוֹרֽוֹ׃
7
And when I shall put thee out, I will cover the heaven, and make the stars thereof dark; I will cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not give her light.

Job 38:12

הֲֽמִיָּמֶיךָ צִוִּיתָ בֹּקֶר ‫(ידעתה)‬ שחר ‫(שחר)‬ הַשַּׁחַר מְקֹמֽוֹ׃
12
Hast thou commanded the morning since thy days; and caused the dayspring to know his place;
Job 9:6
Read Job 9
Job 9:8