Judges 7:3

וְ עַתָּ֗ה

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

עַתָּ֗ה

Adverb now, henceforth, forth, therefore, time, …

Dictionary form: עַתָּה · at-TAW

Adverb

In the KJV here: now

now ×235 and now ×77 but now ×19 therefore now ×13 now therefore ×12 from henceforth ×6 me now ×6 yet now ×5

More options

now — Default rendering; fits nearly every context.

at this point — Good for narrative transitions or turning points.

therefore — Use when עַתָּה draws a logical conclusion.

so then — Conversational; bridges premise and consequence.

from now on — Captures the forward-looking, 'henceforth' sense.

at this moment — Emphasizes immediacy or urgency in the text.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

עַתָּ֫ה₄₃₅ (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Kö^{ii. 260}), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v^b Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr^{§ 141, 142}); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

now, henceforth, forth, therefore, time, …

ʿattâ

at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive

now

now

קְרָ֨א

Root word called, call, cried, cry, read, …

Dictionary form: קָרָא · kaw-RAW

Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: proclaim

called ×80 and called ×71 and he called ×30 call ×30 is called ×15 and she called ×14 was called ×11 and cried ×10

More options

call — Core, most versatile rendering; suits direct address or summons.

cry out — Prefer when urgency, distress, or loud exclamation is in view.

proclaim — Best for public, authoritative announcements or heralds.

read aloud — Use when the text specifies reading a scroll or document.

name — Ideal for the act of giving a name to a person or place.

invite — Suits contexts of summoning guests or extending a formal invitation.

BDB7550 H7121

I. קָרָא₇₂₄ verb call, proclaim, read (Late Hebrew id., read aloud, read; Phoenician קרא call; Arabic read aloud, recite (the '†or°¹n'), the †or°a¹n; Aramaic קְלרא, call, etc., so Old Aramaic קרא, Nabatean id., Palmyrene id., קרה); —

Qal₆₅₅ Perfect ׳ק Gen 11:9 +, 3 feminine singular consecutive וְקָרָזת Isa 7:14 (Ges^{«GKC:74g»§ 74g}); 2 masculine singular קָרָאתָ Judg 12:1 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִקְרָא Gen 2:19 +; suffix יִקְרְאוֺ Jer 23:6, אֵהוּ- Isa 41:2 +; 1 singular אֶקְרָא Deut 32:3 +, וָאֶקְרָאֶר 1Sam 28:15 (Ges^{«GKC:48d»§ 48d} Nes^{Marg. 15}); 3 feminine plural וַתִּקְרֶאנָה Ruth 4:17 (twice in verse), וַתִּקְרֶאןָ Num 25:2 2 feminine plural תִּקְרֶאנָה Ruth 1:20; Ruth 1:21, etc.; Imperative masculine singular קְרָא Judg 7:3 +, suffix קְרָאֵנִי Ps 50:15, etc.; Infinitive construct קְרָא 1Sam 3:6 +, קְראֹות (Baer אֹת-) Judg 8:1 (Ges^{«GKC:74h»§ 74h}); suffix קָרְאִי Ps 4:2 +, etc.; Participle active קוֺרֵא Amos 5:8 +, קֹרֵא Jer 1:15 +; plural קֹרִאים Ps 99:6 (Ges^{«GKC:74i»§§ 74i}; «GKC:75oo»75oo); passive קָרוּא Esth 5:12 plural קְרוּאִים 1Sam 9:22; Ezek 23:23, קְרֻאִים 1Sam 9:13 +; construct קְרוּאֵי Num 1:16 Qr (Kt קריאי), Num 26:9 Kt (Qr קְרִיאֵי, see קָרִיא); —

1. a. call, cry, utter a loud sound, Judg 9:7; 2Sam 18:25 (in v2Sam 18:28 read וַיִּקְרַב We, confirmed by ᵐ5^L so Dr and all recent Comm.), Jer 4:6; Dan 8:16 (all + אמר), 2Kgs 7:11 (on text see Kit Benz), Isa 6:4 for help Gen 39:15; Gen 39:18 (J); of pleading in court Isa 59:4 (ב of manner); explicitly בְּקוֺל גְּדוֺל Gen 39:14 (J), 1Kgs 18:27; 1Kgs 18:28; 2Kgs 18:28 = Isa 36:13 = 2Chr 32:18, קוֺל גָּדוֺל Ezek 9:1 (+ בְּאָצְנֵי); with אַחֲרֵי person 1Sam 20:37 (+ אָמַר), 1Sam 24:8 (Gi; v.1Sam 24:9 van d. H. Baer; + לֵאמֹר), Jer 12:6.
b. call cry, object in oratio recta [direct speech] Judg 7:20; 1Sam 3:4 (read שְׁמוּאֵל שְׁמוּאֵל; ᵐ5 Th We Dr Kit Bu HPS), v1Sam 3:6 (compare ᵐ5), v1Sam 3:8 (against accents), v1Sam 3:10 (see שְׁמוּאֵל), 1Sam 20:38; 2Sam 20:16; 2Kgs 11:14; Jer 20:8; Lev 13:45 = utter, speak Jer 36:18 of command Gen 45:1 (E).

2. a. call unto some one: אֶל person (often + אָמַר; sometimes with מִן local), Gen 3:9; Gen 19:5; Exod 3:4; Isa 6:3 + often; with עַל (for אֶל) of satyrs Isa 34:14 (so Vrss Ges Che^Comm. and others > recent Comm. from II. קָרָא or קָרָה which (in Qal) always take accusative); unto (אֶלׅ ׳י (God), in praise Ps 66:17; 1Chr 4:10, usually for help, Judg 15:18; 1Sam 12:17; 1Sam 12:18; Hos 7:7 + Hos 3:5; Hos 4:4 +, + עַל person against Deut 15:9; Deut 24:15 to (לׅ ׳י (God) Job 14:14; Ps 57:3; Ps 141:1 to (ל) a servant (for service) 2Kgs 4:36; Job 19:16, so (אֶל) 2Sam 1:15 call to (ל) one Jer 3:4 (+ oratio recta [direct speech]), Lam 4:15 (id.), Prov 2:3 (לְבִינָה); subject ׳י Mic 6:9; Jer 35:17.
b. cry for help, absolute, (in poetry and late) Zech 7:13; Isa 58:9; Isa 65:24; Job 5:1; Job 9:16; Prov 21:13; Ps 4:2; Ps 20:10 + 10 t. Psalms (Ps 147:9 of young ravens); בֵּאָזְנֵי Ezek 8:18.
c. ׳בְּשֵׁם י ׳ק call with name of ׳י (i.e. use it in invocation): Gen 4:26; Gen 12:8; 2Kgs 5:11; Jer 10:25 = Ps 79:6 + 16 t. (1Kgs 18:24 of specific appeal to ׳י to display his power), + Isa 65:1 (see Pu`al); with name of Baal 1Kgs 18:24; 1Kgs 18:25; 1Kgs 18:26.
d. late, with accusative dei Isa 43:22; Ps 14:4 + 4 t. Psalms; absolute Ps 116:2.

3. proclaim:
a. with accusative of thing procl. Amos 4:5; Gen 41:43; Deut 15:2; Jer 31:6; Lev 25:10 +; צוֺם ׳ק proclaim a fast 1Kgs 21:9; 1Kgs 21:12; Jer 36:9 +, ׳מוֺעֲדֵי י ׳ק Lev 23:2; Lev 23:4 ׳ק followed by oratio recta [direct speech] Exod 34:6, etc.; followed by ל person Jer 34:8; Jer 34:15; Jer 34:17 (twice in verse); Isa 61:1, עַל person (against, concerning) 1Kgs 13:4; 1Kgs 13:32; Jer 49:29; Lam 1:15 proclaim peace to (ל person) Judg 21:13 compare אֵלֶיהָ לְשָׁלוֺם ׳ק Deut 20:10 ׳ק with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מִקְרָא Isa 1:13, הַקְּרִיאָה Jonah 3:2 (+ אֶל).
b. ׳שֵׁם י ׳ק Deut 32:3; Ps 99:6 so (earlier) ׳בְשֵׁם י ׳ק Exod 33:19; Exod 34:5 (JE); compare בְּשֵׁם יַעֲקֹב ׳ק Isa 44:5 (but read יִקָּרֵא, Lo Che and most).
c. עֲלֵי׳בֵּשׁ ׳ק Ps 49:12 proclaim (with) name over landed estates, claim possession (Hup Bae); proclaim one's own name Ruth 4:11 = become famous; passive participle proclaimed, i.e. renowned Ezek 23:23.
d. absolute make proclamation (sometimes + אָמַר, לֵאמֹר) Judg 7:3; Jer 2:2 (בְּאָוְנֵי) Zech 1:14; Zech 1:17; Jonah 3:4; Isa 40:3; Isa 40:6 +, with עַל concerning Neh 6:7, against 1Kgs 13:2; Jonah 1:3.

4. a. read aloud, often בְּאָוְבֵי, less often לפְנֵי, with ב of roll, book Jer 36:6; Jer 36:8; Jer 36:14; Neh 8:3; Neh 8:8; Neh 9:3; 2Chr 34:18, + accusative of words Jer 36:8; Jer 36:10 object omitted Exod 24:7 (E) Jer 36:15 with acc of roll, book vJer 36:15 vJer 36:21; Jer 51:63; 2Kgs 22:10; 2Chr 34:24, of letter (סֵפֶר), writing 2Kgs 5:7; Isa 29:11; Isa 29:12; Jer 29:29, columns of manuscript Jer 36:23 with accusative of words Josh 8:34; Josh 8:35; Jer 36:6; Jer 51:61; 2Kgs 23:2 = 2Chr 34:30, compare Deut 31:11.
b. read, to oneself, in (ב) a roll, book, Deut 17:19; Neh 8:18, so of vision written on tablets Hab 2:2 with accusative of letter (סֵפֶר) 2Kgs 19:14 = Isa 37:14, book 2Kgs 22:8 absolute Isa 34:16.
c. read, for hear read, 2Kgs 22:16.

5. summon: usually
a. with ל person: Gen 12:18; Gen 20:8; Gen 20:9; Num 22:5; Num 22:20; Num 22:37; Judg 8:1; 1Sam 3:5; 1Sam 3:6; 1Sam 3:8 (twice in verse) + often (c. 100 t.), + ל reflexive 1Kgs 1:28; 1Kgs 1:32, + אֶל location Exod 19:20, + אֶל person 2Sam 9:2, + infinitive purpose Josh 24:9; Judg 12:1; Judg 14:16; 1Sam 28:15, + מִן local Hos 11:1; Judg 4:6 + בִּשְׁמֶ֑ךָ Isa 45:4 summon by thy name; specifically summon = invite (especially to feast) Exod 34:15; Judg 14:15 ( + infinitive purpose) 1Sam 16:3 ( + בַּזָּבַ֑ח, read probably ׳לַזּ see HPS), v1Sam 16:5 ( + ׳לַזּ), 1Kgs 19:26 + (c. 17 t.).
b. with אֶל person Exod 10:24; Josh 4:4; Josh 10:24; 1Kgs 13:21 + (c. 20 t.); אֶל person + ל person (different persons in same relation) Exod 8:21; Jer 42:8 = call for (demand to see), with אֶל person 2Kgs 18:18 with ל of thing = demand, require Prov 18:6 compare Prov 27:16 (probably corrupt, see Toy).
c. with accusative of person Gen 41:8; Gen 41:14; Exod 2:7 ( + ל person), vExod 2:7; Amos 5:16 ( + אֶל of thing), Isa 13:3 (ל of thing), 1Sam 3:16; 1Sam 22:11 + (c. 33 t.), insert וַיַקְרָא in this sense also 2Sam 15:12 ᵐ5^L We Dr and most; + infinitive purpose Num 24:10, מִמִּוְרָח עַיִט ׳ק Isa 46:11 in weakened sense (to bring response, or bring person near) Song 5:6 specifically invite, 1Sam 9:24 (but corrupt, see especially HPS), 1Kgs 1:9 (also + ל, MT), v1Kgs 1:10; 1Kgs 12:20 (+ אֶל location), Deut 33:19 (accusative of location); אֲנִי קָרוּא לָהּ Esth 5:12, passive participle elsewhere plural, invited ones, guests 1Sam 9:13; 1Sam 9:22; 2Sam 15:11; 1Kgs 1:41; 1Kgs 1:49; Zeph 1:7; Prov 9:18 invite or summon (accusative of person) for help, succour, Hos 7:11 usually object ׳י (in poetry and late) Jer 29:12; 2Sam 22:4; 2Sam 22:7 = Ps 18:4; Ps 18:7; Isa 55:6; Lam 3:57; Job 27:10; Ps 50:15; Ps 86:5 + 8 t. Psalms, accusative ׳שֵׁם י Lam 3:55 accusative חכמה Prov 1:28.
d. absolute call, summon Amos 7:4 (+ ל of thing), Isa 22:12 (id.), 1Sam 3:5; 1Sam 3:6; Zech 7:13 ׳י (God) Isa 52:2; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4; Job 13:22; Job 14:15, קְרוּאֵי הָעֵדָה Num 1:17 Qr (Kt קְרִיאֵי), Num 26:9 Kt (Qr קְרִיאֵי!)
e. call and commission, appoint, accusative of person, Isa 48:15; Isa 49:1, + בְּשֵׁם by name, specifically, Exod 31:2; Exod 35:30; Isa 43:1; Isa 45:3. feminine call and endow (with privilege) Isa 51:2; Isa 54:5; Isa 55:5.

6. call=name:
a. (early and most common usage), call one's name (שֵׁם) so and so, 2 accusative: of person Gen 3:20; Gen 4:25; Gen 4:26; Gen 5:2; Gen 5:3; Gen 5:29 + 34 t. Genesis; Exod 2:10; Exod 2:22; Hos 1:4; Hos 1:6; Hos 1:9; Isa 7:14; Isa 8:3; Isa 9:5 + 10 t. (Jer 46:17 read קִרְאוּ שֵׁם ᵐ5 Gie and others); of places, etc., Gen 4:17; Gen 11:9 + 17 t. Genesis; Judg 1:17; Judg 1:26; Judg 2:5; Judg 15:19; Judg 18:29 + 21 t.
b. with accusative of appellation ony, Ezek 39:11.
c. accusative of person or location + accusative appellative Hos 2:18; Deut 3:14; Jer 23:6; Isa 58:5; Num 32:41.
d. accusative of person + clause Ps 89:27.
e. = give name to, accusative appellation + ל person (location, or thing): (1) person Hos 2:18; Gen 35:18; 1Sam 4:21; Jer 3:19; Jer 30:17; Jer 33:16 + 9 t.; (2) location, or thing, Judg 18:12; 2Sam 2:16; 2Sam 5:9; 2Sam 6:8; Josh 22:34 (name lost, ᵑ6 Hebrew Manuscripts Ins. עֵד; compare Di Steuern), Gen 1:5 (twice in verse); Gen 1:8; Gen 2:19 (twice in verse); Exod 33:7 + 30 t. + Job 17:14 (ל + sentence including name). feminine with בְּשֵׁם + ל Isa 40:26, compare Isa 65:11 (שֵׁם אַחֵר), Ps 147:4 (שֵׁמוֺת), Ruth 4:17 (שֵׁם + לֵאמֹר), Gen 2:20; Gen 26:18 (twice in verse) (all with שֵׁם).
g. with ל of thing + עַלאשֵׁם 2Sam 18:16.
h. call by ב names the names (accusative) of cities Num 32:38 call to (ב) city, + appelll., + בִּשְׁמוֺ v 42.
i. call cities (accusative) בְּשֵׁם, i.e, specify them, Josh 21:9; 1Chr 6:50 (בְּשֵׁמוֺת). Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִקְרָא Jer 4:20 +, 1 singular נִקְרֵאתִי Esth 4:11, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִקָּרֵא Gen 2:23 +, וַיִּקָּרֵא Ezek 20:29 +, etc.; Participle נִקְרָא Isa 43:7; Jer 44:26 plural נִקְרָאִים Isa 48:1; Esth 6:1 —

1. reflexive, ׳מֵעִיר הַקֹּדֶשׁ נִק Isa 48:2 from the holy city they call themselves.

2. passive be called:
a. be proclaimed (compare Qal 3), of ׳שֵׁם י Jer 44:26 (בְּפֶה instrumental); of man's name = be famous Ruth 4:14 = be announced Jer 4:20.
b. be read aloud compare Qal 4): impersonal with ב of book, + בְּאָוְנֵי Neh 13:1 subject records Esth 6:1 (לפְנֵי).
c. be summoned (compare Qal 5: Isa 31:4 (עַל against); Esth 3:12; Esth 4:11 (twice in verse); 8: 9; + בְּשֵׁם, i.e. specifically, Esth 2:14,
d. be named (compare

Qal 6.): (I) appell. subject + ל person Gen 2:23 to her shall be called 'woman', 1Sam 9:9; Isa 32:5; Isa 62:4; Isa 62:12; Prov 16:21 + ל location 2Sam 18:18; Isa 1:26; Isa 35:8; Jer 19:6. (2) ׳וְנִקְרָא שְׁמוֺ ונו Deut 25:10, so Gen 35:10; Dan 10:1; Ezek 20:29 (of place); אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ Ezek 20:29. (3) ׳וגו ׳וְנִקְרְאָה יְרוּשׁ Zech 8:3, so land Deut 3:18, temple Isa 56:7. (4) especially עַל ׳נִקְרָא שֵׁם י, denoting ownership, of person Jer 15:16, people Deut 28:10; Jer 14:9; Amos 9:12; Isa 63:19; 2Chr 7:14, ark 2Sam 6:2 (strike out 2nd שֵׁם ᵐ5 We Dr and others), = 1Chr 13:6 (adding עָלָיו Oettli Kau; > Kit^Hpt שְׁמוֺ שָׁם), temple 1Kgs 8:43 = 2Chr 6:33; Jer 7:10; Jer 7:11; Jer 7:14; Jer 7:30; Jer 32:34; Jer 34:15, city Jer 25:29; Dan 9:18, city + people vDan 9:19 so name of man 2Sam 12:28, as given to his wife Isa 4:1 (5) be called עַל שֵׁם, i.e. reckoned to, Gen 48:6; Isa 54:5; Isa 61:6 עַלאשֵׁבֶט 1Chr 23:14, compare Ezra 2:61 = Neh 7:63. (6) be called בְּשֵׁם Isa 43:7; Isa 48:1. (7) ךְָָ זָ֑רַע ׳בְּיִצְתָק יִקּ Gen 21:12, i.e. in (through) ׳יִצ shall seed be reckoned to three; וְיִקָּרֵא בָהֶם שְׁמִי Gen 48:16 through them shall my name be called, i.e. perpetuated. (8) be named = menationed, of person Isa 14:20 (9) subject שֵׁם Eccl 6:10, i.e. thing is known. Pu`al (Ezekiel and Isa²) Perfect 3 masculine singular קֹרָא be called, subject appell. + ל person or of thing = be named, Isa 48:8; Ezek 10:13 (׳קוֺ); וְקֹרָא consecutive Isa 58:12; Isa 61:3; Isa 62:2 (שֵׁם חָדָשׁ); גּוֺי לאֹ קֹרָא בִּשְׁמִי Isa 65:1 (< קָרָא or קֹרֵא [Qal 2 c], Vrss Lo Ew Che Di and others); be called and privileged (compare Qal 5 f); Participle מְקרָאִי ׳יִש Isa 48:12.

BDB9869 H7123 H7121

[קְרָא] verb call, read out, aloud (see Biblical Hebrew I. קרא); —

Pe`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִקְרֵה Dan 5:7, 1 singular אֶקְרֵא vDan 5:17 3 masculine plural יִקְרוֺן vDan 5:15 Infinitive לְמִקְרֵא vDan 5:8 vDan 5:16 Participle active קָרֵא Dan 3:4 +; —

1. call, proclaim, בְּהַיִל: Dan 3:4; Dan 4:11; Dan 5:7

2. read out, aloud, accusative כְּתָבָא Dan 5:7; Dan 5:8; Dan 5:15; Dan 5:16; Dan 5:17 (ל person). Pe`îl (W^{CG 225}) Perfect 3 masculine singular קֱרִי Ezra 4:18; Ezra 4:23 it was read, קֳדָם person Hithpe`el be summoned, Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִתְקְרֵי Dan 5:12.

called, call, cried, cry, read, …

qārāʾ

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

to call, call out, recite, read, cry out, proclaim

(Qal)

to call, cry, utter a loud sound

to call oneself

נָ֜א

Particle a plea — "please", "now"

Dictionary form: נָא · naw

Particle — Exhortation

In the KJV here: therefore go to

now ×115 i pray thee ×107 i pray you ×26 i beseech thee ×19 me i pray thee ×16 therefore i pray thee ×11 ye now ×11 we pray thee ×8

More options

please — Most natural modern equivalent; broadly fits requests and appeals.

I ask you — Slightly more formal; suits solemn or earnest entreaties.

oh — Exclamatory; best for emotional or urgent interjections.

come on — Colloquial; fits informal, urgent, or coaxing appeals.

I urge you — Emphasizes strong persuasion; good for prophetic or legal contexts.

won't you — Softened request; works well in rhetorical or pleading questions.

BDB4909 H4994

I. נָא particle of entreaty or exhortation I (we) pray, now (enclitic) (Syriac , ; compare Ethiopic veni, age! Di^{§ 160. 1 Lex:675} Kö^{ii. 244}); — attached:

1. to the imperative, especially in colloquial style, when it expresses an entreaty or admonition, as Gen 12:13 אִמְרִינָֿא say, I pray, Gen 13:9 נָא מֵעָלַי הִפָּרֶדֿ, vGen 13:14 שָׂאנָֿא עֵינֶיךָ, Gen 15:5 הַבֶּטנָֿא השׁמימה, Gen 24:2 + often, Num 20:10 שׁמעונֿא המוֺרים, Judg 13:4; Judg 16:6; Judg 16:10; Judg 16:28; Judg 18:5, etc., Isa 1:18; Isa 5:3; Amos 7:2; Amos 7:5 rarely in a command, Gen 22:2; Isa 7:3). Ironically, in a challenge, Isa 47:12; Job 40:10. Once anomalously attached to a substantive, or (accents) prefixed to a verb, Num 12:13 אֵ֕ל נָא֛ רְָפא נָא֖ (Ew^{§ 246 a} Di אַלנָֿא; see 3 b).

2. to the perfect with waw consecutive, in a precative sense (Dr^{§ 119} δ) Gen 40:14.

3. to the imperfect, when leave is asked, or a prayer or desire expressed;
a. in 1 person, especially with ה cohortative, Gen 19:8 אוציאהנֿא let me, I pray, bring out, vGen 19:20 אִמָּֽלְטָהנָּֿא שָׁ֑מָּה, Gen 24:12 הַקְרֵהנָֿא לְפָנַי vGen 24:14 הַטִּינָֿא vGen 24:17 vGen 24:23 vGen 24:43 vGen 24:45; Gen 25:30; Gen 32:12; Gen 32:30 + often, Exod 3:18 נלכהנֿא let us go, I pray, Num 20:17; Isa 5:5 and in self-deliberation, Gen 18:21 ארדהנּֿא I will go down, now ! Exod 3:3 אסורהנּֿא ואראה I will turn aside, now, and see, 2Sam 14:15; Song 3:2; Isa 5:1 with אַל Job 32:21.
b. in 2 person, with אַל, in deprecation, Gen 18:3 אלנֿא תעבר מעל עבדך, Gen 19:7; Gen 47:29; Num 10:31, etc.; hence elliptical אלנֿא do not, I pray, (do this,) Gen 19:18; Gen 33:10; Num 12:13 Ew Di.
c. in 3 person, Gen 18:4 יֻקַּחנָֿא let there be brought, I pray, Gen 26:28; Gen 33:14; Gen 44:18; Gen 44:33, etc., 2Sam 14:11; 2Sam 14:12; 2Sam 14:17; 1Kgs 17:21; 2Kgs 2:9; Ps 7:10; Ps 118:2; Ps 118:3 ironically Isa 19:12; Isa 47:13, or defiantly Jer 17:15 where is the word of J.? יָבוֺא נָא; with אַל, Gen 13:8 אַלנָֿא תְהִי מְרִיבָה, Gen 18:30 אַלנָֿא יִחַר לַאדֹנָי, Gen 37:27; Num 12:12.

4. joined to conjunctions and interjections:
a. [אָהּנָֿא, contracted] אָ֫נָּא.
b. אַלנָֿא see above 3 b, c. c. אִםנָֿא, especially in the phrase אם נא מצאתי חן בעיניך, used by one craving a favourable hearing Gen 30:27; Gen 33:10; Judg 6:17; 1Sam 27:5, and with נא repeated in the request itself Gen 18:3; Gen 47:29; Gen 50:4; Exod 33:13; Exod 34:9 otherwise Gen 24:42.
d. הִנֵּהנָֿא behold, I pray, craving a favourable consideration of the fact pointed to by הִנֵּה, and of the request founded upon it (with which נא is often repeated), Gen 12:11; Gen 16:2; Gen 18:27; Gen 18:31; Gen 19:2; Gen 19:8; Gen 19:19; Gen 19:20; Gen 27:2; Judg 13:3; Judg 19:9; 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 16:15; 2Sam 13:24; 2Kgs 2:16; 2Kgs 2:19; 2Kgs 4:9 +, Job 13:18; Job 33:2; Job 40:15; Job 40:16.
e. (לנו) אוֺינָֿא לי Woe, now, to me (us) ! Jer 4:31; Jer 45:3; Lam 5:16. feminine אַיֵּהנָֿא where, pray ? Ps 115:2.
g. נֶגְדָּהנָּֿא, peculiarly, Ps 116:14; Ps 116:18 my vows to J. I will perform, נגדהנֿא לכלעֿמו O that (it may be) before all his people !

II. נָא adjective see ניא.

BDB5179 H4994

II. נָא adjective raw, of flesh Exod 12:9 (P; opposed to בשׁל). I. נָא

[נִיב], נִיבָ֑י, נֵיבָ֑י see נוב.

נִיד v . נוד. נִירָה see II. נדד.

נָיוֺת see נוית below I. נוה.

נִיחֹחַ, נִיתוֺתַ see נוח. נִין see נון.

thee, now, you, pray, oh, …

nāʾ

'I pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the Imperative or Future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction

I (we) pray, now, please

used in entreaty or exhortation

בְּ אָזְנֵ֤י

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

אָזְנֵ֤י

Root word ears, ear, audience, hearing, me, …

Dictionary form: אֹזֶן · oh-DZEN

Noun — Common, feminine dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: in the ears

in the ears ×22 thine ear ×16 ear ×9 their ear ×7 in mine ears ×6 the ear ×6 his ear ×5 his ears ×4

More options

ear — Standard, neutral term; fits most prose and poetry contexts.

hearing — Use when the sense is 'within someone's hearing/audience'.

attention — Idiomatic for phrases like 'lend an ear'; signals receptivity.

audience — Formal register; suits proclamation or official speech contexts.

perception — Emphasizes cognitive reception of sound, not just the organ.

BDB263 H241

אֹ֫זֶן₁₈₈ noun feminine: Exod 29:20 ear (Arabic , Aramaic , אוּדְנָא, Assyrian uznu, Ethiopic ) — absolute 2Sam 22:45 +; construct Exod 29:20 +; suffix אָזְנִי 1Sam 20:2 +, etc.; dual אָזְנַיִם (נָ֑יִם) Deut 29:3 +; construct אָזְנֵי Gen 23:10 +; suffix אָזְנַי (נָֿ֑י) Num 14:28 +; (never with article). —

1. ear, as part of body; of human being, as bearing earring Gen 35:4; Exod 32:2; Exod 32:3 (all J E) Ezek 16:12 pierced by a master Exod 21:6 (E) Deut 15:17 touched with blood in consecration (׳תְּנוּךְ א tip of ear) Lev 8:23; Lev 8:24; Lev 14:14; Lev 14:17; Lev 14:25; Lev 14:28 cut off by enemy Ezek 23:25 (of אָהֳלִיבָה q. v.); ear of dog Prov 26:17 מַחֲזִיק בְּאָזְנֵיכָּֿ֑לֶב; of sheep Amos 3:12 (fragment rescued from lion).

2. especially as organ of hearing,
a. of man Deut 29:3; 2Sam 22:45 = Ps 18:45; Job 42:5; Isa 30:21 implanted (נטע) by ׳י Ps 94:9 of idols (do not hear) Ps 115:6; Ps 135:17 ׳שָׁמַע בא 2Sam 7:22 + 8 t.; especially ׳בְּא after verb of saying = in the ears, in the hearing of Gen 20:8 (E) Gen 23:10; Gen 23:13; Gen 23:16 (P) Gen 44:18; Gen 50:4 (J) Deut 5:1; Deut 31:11; Deut 31:28; Deut 31:30 + 44 t.; compare Isa 5:9 (verb omitted); after noun of utterance, sound 1Sam 15:14; Job 13:17; Job 15:21 compare ׳א after verbal noun Ezek 24:26 (׳לְהַשְׁמָעוּת א) compare Isa 11:3 ׳הִטָּה א incline the ear = give attention Ps 45:11; Prov 22:17 + 9 t.; followed by ל Ps 49:5 + 4 t.; so ׳הִקְשִׁיב א Isa 32:3; Prov 2:2 (followed by ל); ׳ל ׳הֵבִיא א Prov 23:2 as receiving words תָּקַּח ׳א Job 4:12 compare Jer 9:19 as tingling (צלל) at dreadful news 1Sam 3:11; 2Kgs 21:12; Jer 19:3 as hearing with satisfaction, triumph Ps 92:12 תִּשְׁמַעְנָה אָזְנָי֑ (|| ׳וַתַּבֵּט עֵינִי בְּ but Che strike out; as intelligent (involving mental process) וַתָּבֶן לָהּ ׳שָֽׁמְעָה א Job 13:1 מִלִּין תִּבְחָ֑ן ׳א Job 12:11 compare Job 34:3 as unsatisfied Eccl 1:8 מִשְּׁמֹעַ ׳לֹא תִמָּלֵא א; as seeking (בקשׁ) know-ledge Prov 18:15 as hearing & blessing Job 29:11 compare שֹׁמַעַת ׳א Prov 20:12; Prov 25:12 a hearing (responsive, obedient) ear; compare Prov 15:31; Isa 43:8 opposed to stopping the ears (wilful ignorance) מִןֿ ׳אֹטֵם א Prov 21:13 cf Isa 33:15 also of adder in simile of wicked Ps 58:5 כְּמוֺ פֶתֶן חֵרֵשׁ יַאְטֵם אָזְנוֺ; מִןֿ ׳מֵסִיר א Prov 28:9 so ׳עֲרֵלָה א their ear is uncircumcised Jer 6:10 ׳הִכְּבִּיד א Zech 7:11 compare Isa 48:8; Jer 5:21; Ezek 12:2 compare also Isa 42:20.
b. of Yahweh, ׳י ׳בְּא after verb of utterance Num 11:18 (J) Num 14:28 (P) 1Sam 8:21; Ezek 8:18 after עָלָה 2Kgs 19:28 = Isa 37:29 after בּוֺא Ps 18:7 compare 2Sam 22:7 where verb omitted; so also (after noun without verb) Num 11:1 (J) ׳י ׳בְּא 1Chr 28:8 nearly = in presence of; incline the ear ׳הִטָּה א 2Kgs 19:16 = Isa 37:17; Dan 9:18; Ps 86:1 followed by לְ Ps 17:6; Ps 88:3; Ps 116:2 followed by אֶלֿ Ps 31:3; Ps 71:2; Ps 102:3 ׳הִקְשִׁיב א Ps 10:17 ׳קַשֻּׁבוֺת לְ א 2Chr 6:40; 2Chr 7:15 compare Ps 130:2 id. followed by אֶלֿ Neh 1:6; Neh 1:11 verb omitted אֶלֿ ׳א Ps 34:16 compare Isa 59:1 ׳לֹא כָֽבְדָה א; Lam 3:56 ׳ל ׳אַלתַּֿעְלֵם א.

3. ׳גָּלָה אopen ears of, reveal to, subject man 1Sam 20:2; 1Sam 20:12; 1Sam 20:13; 1Sam 22:8 (twice in verse); 1Sam 22:17; Ruth 4:4 subject ׳י 1Sam 9:15; 2Sam 7:27; 1Chr 17:25 לְמוּסָר ׳א ׳גּ Job 36:10, compare vJob 36:15 ׳כָּרָה א Ps 40:7 לִשְׁמֹעַ ׳יָעִירלִי א Isa 50:4 ׳פָּתַחלִֿי א Isa 50:5 compare חֵרְשִׁים תִּפָּתַחְנָה ׳וְא Isa 35:5 opposed to judicial deafness Mic 7:16; Isa 6:10.

ears, ear, audience, hearing, me, …

ʾōzen

broadness. i.e., (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)

ear, as part of the body

הָ עָם֙

הָ

Prefix — article the

עָם֙

Root word people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

Dictionary form: עַם · am

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of the people

the people ×572 people ×220 of the people ×150 my people ×113 and the people ×110 his people ×78 thy people ×58 of my people ×50

More options

people — Most versatile rendering; fits collective and singular contexts.

nation — Emphasizes ethnic or political identity as a unified group.

community — Highlights shared belonging; good for social or covenant contexts.

population — Neutral, demographic tone; useful for census or mass-movement passages.

folk — Informal, grassroots feel; suits ordinary or rural settings.

crowd — Best for gathered assemblies rather than an ongoing social group.

BDB6144 H5971 H5993

I. עַם, עָם₁₈₄₀ noun masculine^{Gen 11:6} (see below) people (Late Hebrew id., plebeian, common man; ᵑ7 עַמָּא people, plural peoples, tribes, etc.; Syriac ; Arabic see above; original meaning probably those united, connected, related, compare We^{GGN 1893, 480}); — absolute עַם Gen 11:6 +, עָם Judg 9:36 +, הָעָם Josh 8:11 +; construct עַם Num 21:29 +; suffix עַמִּי Exod 3:7 +, עַמְּךָ Exod 22:27 +, etc.; plural עַמִּים Isa 2:3 +, עֲמָמִים (compare Biblical Aramaic) Neh 9:22 construct עַמֵּי 1Kgs 8:43 +, עַמְמֵי Neh 9:24 plural with suffix see II. עַם; — (Thes cites following as feminine וְחָטָאת עַמֶּ֑ךָ Exod 5:16 [but corrupt and unintellig.; read perhaps ׳וְחַטָאתָ לְע, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Di]; Judg 18:7 [but ישֶׁבֶת must agree with lost word city, or the like, see GFM]; Jer 8:5 [but read שׁוֺבַב for שׁוֺבְבָה Gie]); —

1. a people, nation (sometimes || גּוֺי), collective noun (singular Exod 21:8; Josh 17:14; Josh 17:15; Josh 17:17; 2Sam 17:29 + often, or plural Exod 20:15; Exod 24:2; Jer 5:31 + often, or both in same clause Exod 1:20; 2Sam 13:24): עַם אֶחָד = all mankind Gen 11:6 (J); peoples in general Gen 27:29 (J; || לְאֻמִּים), Exod 19:5 (E), Deut 2:25; Deut 4:6 + often Deuteronomy; Neh 13:24 + often; קְהַל עַמִּים Gen 28:3 (P) an assembly (multitude) of peoples, Gen 48:4 (P), Ezek 23:24; Ezek 32:3 (+ רַבִּים); one's own people Jer 46:16; Ps 45:11; Ruth 1:10; Ruth 1:15; Ruth 1:16 (twice in verse) + (on עַמִּי נָדִיב Song 6:12 see especially Bu); particular peoples, Egypt Gen 41:40 (E), Exod 1:22 (E), Neh 9:10 +; עַםאֲֿרָם Amos 1:5 עַםכְּֿמוֺשׁ (i.e. Moab) Num 21:29 (JE), Jer 48:46 but especially Israel Exod 1:20 (E) + often; ׳עַםבְּֿנֵי יִשׂ vExod 1:9 (J); called יהוה ׳ע Num 11:29 (E), 1Sam 2:24 +, and (by ׳י) עַמִּי Exod 3:7; Exod 5:1 (J) + often (all periods); קְהַל עַםהָֿאֱלֹהִים Judg 20:2, עַםהַֿקָּהָל Lev 16:33 (P), קְהַל עָם Ps 107:32 especially הָעָם הַזֶּה (often in contempt or disgust) Num 11:1; Num 11:12; Num 11:13 +; figurative of ants Prov 30:25, the shaphan vProv 30:26, locusts Joel 2:2, compare לְעַם לְצִיִּים Ps 74:14 (where read לְעַם צִיִּים Hup-Now). — On Judg 1:16 see עֲמָלֵקִי.

2. = smaller units, e.g.
a. inhabitants of a city Gen 19:4 (J), 1Sam 9:12; 1Sam 9:13; Jer 29:16; Jer 29:25; 2Chr 31:4 + (Jer 8:5 strike out ׳יְרוּוּשׁ ᵐ5 Gie Co Rothst).
b. inhabitants of a locality Jer 37:12 [apparently not = tribe, Deut 33:3 read עַמּוֺ ᵐ5 Di Dr, Hos 10:14; Judg 5:8; Judg 5:14 read בְּעָרֶיךָ We Now; see below ד].
c. retainers, followers Gen 14:16; Gen 32:8; Gen 33:15; Gen 35:6; Judg 3:18; Judg 8:5; 2Sam 15:17; Jer 41:13; Jer 41:14 +.
d. people bearing arms 1Sam 11:11; 1Kgs 20:10 +; כָּבֵד ׳ע Num 20:20 (JE), i.e. a powerful force; עַם הַצָּבָא Num 31:32 (P), הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳ע Josh 8:1; Josh 8:3; Josh 8:11; Josh 10:7; Josh 11:7 (all J E); so probably Judg 5:8 a (fighting) band; perhaps also vJudg 5:14 (read singular ? see GFM Bu).

3. = common people Jer 21:7; Jer 22:4; Lev 4:27 (opposed to ruler vLev 4:22), Neh 5:1 (opposed to יְהוּדִים), Neh 7:5 (opposed to rulers).

4. people in general, persons Gen 50:20 (E), so apparently ׳כָּלהָֿעָם אֲשֶׁר וגו Exod 33:16 (J), Num 11:34 (J), Josh 5:5 (twice in verse) (D), Judg 9:36 (as singular), vJudg 9:37 (as plural), Jer 36:9 persons labouring 1Kgs 9:23 superior persons Job 12:2 (iron.); עַם עוֺלָם Ezek 26:30 people of long ago (now in Sh®°ôl).

5. phrases are:
a. (עַמָּהּ, עַמִּי, עַמְּךָ) בְּנֵי עַמּוֺ members of one's people, compatriots, fellow-countrymen, etc. Num 22:5 (E), Gen 23:11 (P) Lev 19:18 (H), Judg 14:16; Judg 14:17; Ezek 33:2; Ezek 33:12 +.
b. בְּנֵי הָעָם = common people (see 3) 2Kgs 23:6; Jer 26:23 +; people in general שַׁעַר בְּנֵי הָעָם Jer 17:19 i.e. public gate 2Chr 35:5; 2Chr 35:12.
c. עַם הָאָרֶץ the people at large, as a body 2Kgs 11:14; 2Kgs 11:18; 2Kgs 11:19; 2Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 16:15; 2Kgs 21:24 (twice in verse) +, Jer 37:2; Jer 44:21; Lev 20:2 (H), Gen 23:7; Gen 23:12; Gen 23:13 (P); common people Jer 34:19, compare ׳הא ׳דַּלַּת ע 2Kgs 24:14 distinguished from prince Ezek 45:22; Ezek 46:3; Ezek 46:9, from priests Hag 2:4; Zech 7:5 = Canaanites Num 14:9 (JE), compare עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ 1Chr 5:25 mixed post-exile population Ezra 4:4.
d. עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ usually peoples of the earth Josh 4:24 (D), 2Chr 32:19 +; of heathen peoples about and in Palestine after exile Ezra 10:2; Ezra 10:11 traders Neh 10:31 עַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֺת Neh 9:30; Neh 10:29; 2Chr 32:13.
e. מִשְׁפְּחוֺת עַמִּים Ps 96:7 = 1Chr 16:28 (compare Ps 22:28). feminine בַּתעַֿמִּי = people personified Isa 22:4; Jer 4:11 + 7 t. Jeremiah + Jer 6:14 (van d. H.; omit בַּת Baer Gi), Lam 2:11; Lam 3:48; Lam 4:3; Lam 4:6; Lam 4:10 בְּתוּלַת בַּתעַֿמִּי Jer 14:17.
g. designations of Israel are: עַםקָֿרוֺשׁ Deut 7:6 + 3 t., קְדוֺשִׁים ׳ע Dan 8:24, (ה)קֹדֶשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:12; Isa 63:18; Dan 12:7 סְגֻלָּה ׳ע Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2; Deut 26:18.
h. of foreign (non-Israel) peoples: ׳ע נָכְרִי Exod 21:8 (E), אַחֵר ׳ע Deut 28:32, and especially from language, עִמְקֵי שָׂפָה ׳ע Ezek 3:5 compare vEzek 3:6, כִּלְשׁוֺן עַם וָעָם Neh 13:24 compare Esth 1:22 (twice in verse); Esth 3:12, לֹעֵג ׳ע Ps 114:1.
i. עַם עֶבְרָתִי Isa 10:6, חֶרְמִי ׳ע Isa 34:11, מִֿבְחָרָיו׳ע Dan 11:15, עַמֵּי תּוֺעֵבוֺת הָאֵלֶּה Ezra 9:14 לֹא עַם בִּינוֺת Isa 27:11. — For עַםעֿוֺלָם Isa 44:7 read (אֹתִיּוֺת) (מִי הִשְׁמִי)עַ מֵעוֺלָם Oort Du Kit Che^Hpt compare Perles^{Anal. 40, 64}.

BDB6147 H5971

II. [עַם] noun [masculine] kinsman

**later development of I. עַם RS^{K 58; 2nd ed. 72}. (on father's side) (Arabic paternal uncle, etc., see I. עמם; compare perhaps Tel Amarna ammu, kinsmen (?); on Nabataean עם ancestor compare Lzb^{151, 499}; see also especially Nes^{Eg 187, ZAW xvi (1896), 322f.} Krenkel^{ib. viii (1888), 280-84}); — suffix עַמִּי in בֶּןעַֿמִּי (q. v.), and proper name following; elsewhere plural suffix עַמֶּיךָ Num 27:13; Num 31:2 (Lev 19:16 read עַמְּךָ ᵐ5 ⅏), + (possibly) עֲמָָמֶיךָ Judg 5:14 עַמָּיו Gen 25:8 + 15 t., עַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:14 + 3 t.; read עַמֶּי (for ᵑ0 עַמִּי, I. עַם; compare Krenkel^{l.c. 281}) Gen 49:29 and perhaps Judg 14:3 (compare Lev 21:14); according to Buhl Kit also 2Kgs 4:13 — father's kinsmen: וַיֵּאָסֵף אֶלעַֿמָּיו Gen 25:8 (of joining kinsmen in Sh®°ôl), so vGen 25:17; Gen 35:29; Gen 49:33; Num 20:24; Deut 32:50, compare Gen 49:29 (see above), Num 27:13; Num 31:2; Deut 32:50 (all P); וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ מֵעַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:4 (severed from living kinsmen), so Lev 7:20; Lev 7:21; Lev 7:23; Lev 7:27; Lev 19:8; Lev 23:29; Num 9:13, מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Exod 31:14, compare Exod 30:33; Exod 30:38; Lev 17:9 (all PH); מֵעַמָּיו יִקַּח אִשָּׁה Lev 21:14 (H), and perhaps Judg 14:3 (simile I. עַם: [םָ֯, הָּ֯] מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֺ Lev 17:4; Lev 17:10; Lev 18:29+); other combinations Judg 5:14 (si vera lectio read perhaps בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ, see I. עַם 2 d ), Lev 21:1; Lev 21:4; Lev 21:15 (H), Ezek 18:18 and (perhaps) 2Kgs 4:13. — בֶּןעַֿמִּי perhaps = son of my kinsman; on proper name with עַם see Gray^{Prop. N. 41 ff}.

BDB9776 H5971 H5972

עַם noun masculine^{Ezra 6:12} people (see Biblical Hebrew I. עמם, עַם); — ׳ע absolute Dan 2:44; Dan 3:29; Ezra 6:12, construct Dan 7:27 emphatic עַמָּה Ezra 5:12, עַמָּא Ezra 7:13; Ezra 7:16; Ezra 7:25 plural emphatic עַמֲמַיָּא (K^{§§ 15d}); 55, 5 a)) Dan 3:4; Dan 3:7 (twice in verse); Dan 3:31; Dan 5:19; Dan 6:26; Dan 7:14.

people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

ʿam

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

nation, people

people, nation

לֵ אמֹ֔ר

לֵ

Prefix — preposition to, for

אמֹ֔ר

Root word said, saying, saith, say, spake, …

Dictionary form: אָמַר · aw-MAHR

Verb — Qal, Infinitive Construct, construct state simple action — "he did" try "to ___" or "___ing"

In the KJV here: saying

said ×947 saying ×718 and said ×688 saith ×527 and he said ×343 then said ×139 say ×122 and say ×119

More options

say — Most versatile; fits nearly any context or register.

declare — Emphasizes formal or authoritative pronouncement.

tell — Prefer when communication to an audience is stressed.

speak — Highlights the act of oral expression itself.

command — Use when the utterance carries directive force.

think — Fits internal or reflective speech contexts.

BDB557 H559

אָמַר₅₂₈₇ verb utter, say (MI, Phoenician אמר, Aramaic אֲמַר, Ethiopic I. 2 shew, declare, Arabic command; perhaps √ אמר originally = be or make prominent, hence Hithpa`el below, אָמִיר; Sabean אמר lofty, epithet of king JHMordtm^{ZMG 1876, 37}; compare Dl^{Pr 28} who thinks original meaning hell, sichtbar sein, whence Assyrian amâru, see, & shew, declare, say) — Qal Perfect ׳א Gen 3:1 +, etc.; Imperfect יאֹמַר Gen 31:8 +; וַיּאֹ֫מֶר Gen 1:3 +; וַיּאֹמַ֑ר Gen 14:19 +; in Job always וַיּאֹ֑מַר Job 3:2 +; 3 feminine singular תּאֹמַר Gen 21:12 +; תּאֹמֵר֑ Prov 1:21 1 singular אֹמַר Gen 22:2 +; אוֺמְרָה Ps 42:10 וָאֹמַר Gen 20:13 +; וָאוֺמַר Neh 2:7; Neh 2:17; Neh 2:20 3 masculine plural יאֹמְדוּ Exod 4:1 + etc.; suffix יֹמְרוּךָ Ps 139:20 2 masculine plural תֹּמְדוּ 2Sam 19:14 ( compare Kö^{i. p. 385}); Imperative (אֱמָרֿ) אֱמֹר Gen 45:17 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָמוֺר Exod 21:5 +; construct אֱמֹר Ezek 25:8 +; (הַ)אֲמֹר Job 34:18 but read הָאֹמֵר ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Di, or better הֶאָמֹר Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative compare Ew :§ 328 d; suffix אָמְרִי Josh 6:10 +; אֲמָרְכֶם Jer 23:38 אֱמָרְכֶם Mal 1:7 +; לֵאמֹר Gen 1:22 +, etc.; Participle active אֹמֵר Gen 32:10 +, etc.; passive הֶאָמוּר Mic 2:7, but this grammatically indefensible, read הֶאָמוֺר, Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative, see Dr^{Expositor, April, 1887, 263}.

1. Say (subject God Gen 3:1 + or man Gen 32:5, serpent Gen 3:1, ass Num 22:28, horse יאֹמַר הֶאָח Job 39:25 etc.; inanimate things, personified Job 28:14 compare vJob 28:22 etc.; so in allegory or fable Judg 9:8; 2Kgs 14:9 etc.; especially in narration, וַיּאֹמֶר etc., Gen 4:6 + very often): mostly followed by thing said, either substantive Jer 14:17 (c. clause app.) Deut 27:16f.; Judg 12:6 pronoun Gen 44:16; 2Kgs 20:14 +; or (usually) clause Gen 1:3; Gen 3:1; Gen 37:20 + often (oratio recta [direct speech]); with adverb thus, so Gen 32:5; Num 20:14; 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 + often; especially ׳כֹּה אָמַר י Exod 5:1; Exod 7:17; Exod 8:1; Exod 8:20; 1Chr 17:4 + often; the person addressed usually introduced by אֶל Gen 3:1; Gen 15:7; Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; 2Sam 3:7; 1Kgs 12:5; 1Kgs 12:23, or לְ Gen 3:13; Gen 4:15; 1Sam 20:2; 2Sam 2:21; 1Kgs 14:2 + often; rarer combinations are, בְּאָזְנֵי ׳א Isa 49:20 (compare Isa 5:9 & see דבר); לִפְנֵי ׳א Ezek 28:9 לְעֵינֵי ׳א Deut 31:7; Josh 10:12; Jer 28:11 בְּ ׳א Joel 2:17; Ps 126:2, where בְּ local; in all cases usually followed by direct object of words said, Exod 19:25 being very singular; Gen 4:8 the object-clause has probably fallen out, compare Vrss Di; = mention, name, designate Gen 22:2; Gen 22:3; Gen 43:27; Gen 43:29; Exod 32:13; Num 14:40; 1Sam 10:16; 1Sam 16:3; 2Sam 6:22; Neh 6:19 compare Ps 139:20 יֹמְרוּךָ לִמְזִמָּה speak of thee for falsehood (but many, as Hup Pe Dy Che, read יַמְרוּךָ); = tell, declare, proclaim, (followed by direct object only) Ps 40:11; Ezek 13:7 in reply to question = answer Exod 12:27; Josh 4:7; 1Kgs 9:9; Jer 5:19; Jer 22:9. The object spoken of may be referred to by אֶל 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 22:18; Jer 27:19, or לְ Gen 20:13 אִמְרִי לִֹי say of me, etc. Deut 33:9; Judg 9:54; Isa 5:20; Ps 3:3; Ps 71:10, very rarely by a simple accusative Isa 3:10 (where read probably for אִמְרוּ, אַשְׁרֵי), except after אֲשֶׁר where the words used follow (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d) Gen 3:17; Num 10:29; Num 14:31; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 9:17; 1Sam 9:23b 1Kgs 8:29; Lam 4:20 compare Num 21:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4, & (two extreme cases) Isa 8:12; Lam 2:15 (see Dr^{Sm i. 24, 5}); ֶהאָמוּר Mic 2:7 read infinitive absolute with ה interrogative הֶאָמוֺר (see above) shall one say ? shall it be said ? After another verb of saying, introducing thing said: Deut 21:7; Deut 25:9; Deut 27:15; Song 2:10 +, even after אמר Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; Jer 34:2; Esth 7:5 +; especially infinitive לֵאמֹר, after דבר Gen 8:15, צוה Gen 2:16, ענה Gen 44:16, ברך Gen 1:22, נשׁבע Gen 24:7, נדר Gen 28:20, etc.; after אמר 2Sam 3:18; 1Kgs 12:23; Ruth 4:4; 1Chr 21:18 +; after שׁלח 2Chr 35:21, שׁוּב Gen 32:7 compare also Gen 28:6; Gen 9:5; Gen 13:8; Gen 17:4; Deut 13:7; Judg 8:15; 1Sam 23:2; 1Kgs 13:3; Jer 32:3; Jer 37:9 +; also when subject of לֵאמֹר differs from that of pre-ceding clause Gen 31:1; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:24 etc.; after שׁמע Isa 37:9 = 2Kgs 19:9.

2. Say in the heart (= think) בלבב ׳א Deut 8:17 compare 1Kgs 12:26; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 35:25; Isa 14:13; Isa 47:8; Isa 47:10; Isa 49:21; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18 לִלְבָבָם ׳א Hos 7:2 אֶללִֿבּוֺ ׳א Gen 8:21 said unto his heart (to himself), subject ׳י, compare 1Sam 27:1 אָֽמְרָה נַפֲשִׁי Lam 3:24 thence ׳א alone Gen 20:11; Gen 26:9; Num 24:11; Ruth 4:4; 1Sam 20:26; 2Sam 5:6; 2Sam 12:22; 2Kgs 5:11 followed by clause with כִּי Judg 15:2 in particular = desire מַהתּֿאֹמַר נַפְשְׁךָ 1Sam 20:4 compare Esth 2:13 followed by infinitive = purpose, Exod 2:14 thinkest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian ? Josh 22:33; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:19; 2Chr 28:10; 2Chr 28:13 expect 2Sam 21:16 he expected to slay David 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 32:1.

3. Promise (followed by infinitive) 1Chr 27:23; 2Chr 21:7; Esth 4:7 (id. + ל of person) 2Kgs 8:19; Neh 9:15 (followed by accusative of direct object + ל of person + infinitive of purpose) Neh 9:23.

4. Command (especially late) followed by אֶלֿ of per-son addressed, Num 15:38; 1Chr 21:18 followed by ל Josh 11:9; 2Sam 16:11; 2Kgs 4:24; Job 9:7; Ps 106:34 (see below אֲשֶׁר 8 e); followed by infinitive 1Sam 24:11; 1Chr 21:17; 2Chr 1:18; 2Chr 29:27; 2Chr 29:30; 2Chr 31:11; 2Chr 35:21; Esth 1:17; Esth 4:13; Esth 4:15; Esth 6:1; Esth 9:14 followed by infinitive + ל of pers, 2Chr 14:3; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 31:4; followed by accusative direct object 2Chr 29:24 the king commanded the burnt-offering and the sin-offering, compare 1Kgs 5:20; Esth 2:15 followed by clause with אשׁר = that Neh 13:19 id. + ל of person vNeh 13:22 followed by clause with כִּי Job 36:10 absolute 1Sam 16:16 (read however probably יאמרו for יאמר, compare Dr); also Ps 105:31; Ps 105:34; Ps 107:25; 1Chr 14:12; 2Chr 24:8; Neh 13:9; Neh 13:19 (all followed by verb consecutive); command by letter עִםהַֿסֵּפֶר ׳א Esth 9:25 (followed by imperfect); appoint, assign לוֺ ׳לֶחֶם א 1Kgs 11:18 = threaten followed by infinitive Deut 9:25; Ps 106:23. Niph`al Perfect נֶאֱמַר Dan 8:26 Imperfect יֵאָמֵר Gen 22:14 +; יֵאָ֫מֶר לוֺ Isa 4:3 יֵאָמַ֑ר Gen 10:9 +; וַיֵּאָמַ֑ר Josh 2:2 be said, told Gen 10:9; Gen 22:14; Ps 87:5; Jer 4:11; Jer 16:14 (all absolute, indefinite subject, of current saying); so said in a book Num 21:14 be related, told, of vision Dan 8:26 said, told to (followed by ל indirect object) Josh 2:2; Hos 2:1 (twice in verse); Zeph 3:16 either so, or told concerning Num 23:23; Ezek 13:12 (אֶלֿ); יֵאָמֵר לָכֶם = ye shall be called (it shall be said to you) Isa 61:6 (|| תִּקָּרְאוּ), compare Isa 4:3; Isa 19:18; Isa 32:5 (|| יִקָּרֵא ל) Isa 62:4 (twice in verse); hence be called, of Tophet לֹאיֵֿאָמֵר עוֺד הַתֹּפֶת Jer 7:32 subject שֵׁם Gen 32:29; Job 34:31 כִּי אֶלאֵֿל הֶאָמַר, Rabb (compare AV) treat הֵאָמַר as Niph`al Infinitive for לְהֵאָמֵר, but against grammar; the form as it stands is Qal Perfect, אֶלאֵֿל being prefixed to the interrogative for emphasis (compare Jer 22:15; Jer 23:26; Neh 13:27), see Dr^{§ 9} Di and others; Hoffm., however, reads הֵאָמֵר infinitive absolute = imperative 'so must one speak (it be spoken) to God.' Hiph`il Perfect avow, avouch Deut 26:17 הֶאֱמַרְתָּ הַיּוֺם לִהְיוֺת לְךָ לֵאלֹהִים ׳אֶתיֿ; vDeut 26:18 ׳וי הֶאֱמִירְךָ היום להיות לוֺ לְעַם (literally cause to declare, i.e. through agency of Moses; on this & other interpretations see Di). Hithpa`el Imperfect יִתְאַמְּרוּ Ps 94:4 subject כָּלפֹּֿעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן act proudly, boast (|| יַבִּיעוּ יְדַבְּרוּ עָתָק probably also 2 masculine plural תִּתְיַמָּ֑רוּ Isa 61:6 (in good sense, followed by בְּ of thing gloried in) ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 & compare ᵐ5; Ges^Comm. so De Che Kö^{i. 457 f.} (from [ימר] exchange Thes Hi Kn Ew Di; but see ימר, מור).

BDB9309 H560 H559

אֲמַר₇₁ verb say, tell, command (Biblical Hebrew אָמַר); —

Pe Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳א Dan 2:12 +, אֲמַ֑ר Dan 7:1 3 feminine singular אֲמֶ֫רֶר Dan 5:10 (K^{§ 38, 1 a}); 1 singular אַמְרֵת Dan 4:5 1 plural אֲאַ֫רְנָא Dan 5:4; Dan 5:9, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵאמַר (K^{§ 41}) Dan 2:7 +; 2 masculine plural תֵּאמְרוּן Jer 10:11, etc.; Imperative masculine singular אֱמַר Jer 2:4 +; masculine plural אֱמַרוּ Jer 2:9 Infinitive לְמֵאמַר vJer 2:9, לְמֵמַ֑ר Ezra 5:11 (K^{§ 41 a}); Participle אְמַר Dan 2:5 + often, plural אָֽמְרִין Dan 3:4; Ezra 5:3 +; —

1. say (often in phrase answer and say): followed by oratio recta [direct speech] (only), Dan 2:7; Dan 2:10 + 13 t. Daniel; Ezra 5:11 + ל person Dan 2:5; Dan 3:14 + 14 t. Daniel [plural with indefinite subject for passive Dan 4:28], Ezra 5:15 + קְָדָס person Dan 2:9; Dan 5:17; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:14 + כֵּן Dan 4:11; Dan 7:23, כֵּן with ל person Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:24; Dan 2:25; Dan 6:7, compare Dan 7:5 + כְּנֵמָא with ל person Ezra 5:4; Ezra 5:9 + כִּדְנָךְ with ל person Jer 10:11 followed by accusative of thing + עַל person against whom Dan 3:29.

2. relate, tell: followed by accusative of thing Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15; Dan 7:1, + ל person Dan 2:4; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:7; Dan 7:16 (accusative of thing omitted), + קְָדָם person Dan 2:36; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:5.

3. command: followed by infinitive Dan 2:12; Dan 2:46 + 6 t. Daniel; followed by finite verb Dan 5:29; Dan 6:17; Dan 6:23 followed by ל person + or. rect. Dan 3:4 [pl. with indefinite subject, for passive, K^{§ 76 e}, so Dan 4:23].

said, saying, saith, say, spake, …

ʾāmar

to say (used with great latitude)

to say, speak, utter

(Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend

מִֽי

Particle turns the sentence into a question

Dictionary form: מִי · mee

Particle — Interrogative

In the KJV here: whosoever

who ×209 and who ×30 whom ×29 what ×14 and what ×10 or who ×10 whose ×10 but who ×6

More options

who — Standard interrogative or relative; broadest usage.

whoever — Prefer for indefinite or universal reference (whosoever).

whom — Use in object position for formal or written registers.

whose — Use when indicating possession or attribution.

anyone who — Emphasizes indefinite, inclusive scope.

which one — Use when selecting among a defined set of options.

BDB4615 H4310

מִי₄₂₃ pronoun interrogative who? of persons, as מָה (q. v.) of things (Ethiopic but only = What ? and How ? Assyrian mî, me (rare) Jäger^{BAS. ii. 277}, the usual Semitic form for Who? has n, namely Assyrian mannu, manu (Dl^{HWB 419}), Ethiopic man¥, Aramaic Arabic , Vulgar Arabic min, m£n, from a form resembling which, by rejection of n, probably Hebrew מִי: W^{SG 123 f.}): — who ? (τίς; quis ?) Gen 3:11 הִגִּיד לְךָ מִי who told thee ? Gen 24:65 מִי הָאִישׁ הַלָּזֶה who is this man ? Gen 27:18 מי אתה בני who art thou, my son ? Num 22:9; Judg 1:1; Judg 6:29; Judg 15:6; Judg 18:3; Judg 20:18; 2Sam 1:8 + often; Ruth 3:9 מִי אָ֑תְּ who art thou, (feminine) ? Isa 51:12 of more than one, מִי אֵלָּה who are these ? Gen 33:5; Gen 48:8; Isa 60:8 מי אתם 2Kgs 10:13 once, more explicitly, מִי זָמִי הַהֹלְכִים Exod 10:8 = as who ? (i.e. in what condition, or capacity), Amos 7:2 יעקב מי יקום vAmos 7:5; Isa 51:19 מִי אֲנַחֲמֵךְ (but Vrss Che Lag Brd Du ׳מִי יְ, as || מִי יָנוּד), Ruth 3:16 (Be Ke Kö^{iii. 388}). Note in particular:
a. מִי is rarely used of things, and usually where persons are understood or implied: Gen 33:8 מי לך כלהֿמחנה הזה who (or what) to thee is all this camp ? Deut 4:7; Judg 9:28 שְׁכֶם מִי who is Shechem (i.e. the Shechemites) ? Mic 1:5 מִיפֶֿשַׁע יַעֲקֹב הֲלֹא שֹׁמְרוֺן, v^b Song 3:6; Judg 13:17 מִי שְׁמֶ֑ךָ ( but מה Gen 32:28; Exod 3:13: with מי compare מַן in Aramaic Ezra 5:4 Genesis, Exodus ll. cc. ᵑ7; and see Nö^{M. p. 341}). On 1Sam 18:18, see II. חַי
b. in the genitive, בַּתמִֿי אַתְּ whose daughter art thou ? Gen 24:23; Gen 24:47; 1Sam 12:3 (3 t. in verse); 1Sam 17:55; Jer 44:28; Job 26:4; Job 33:28 after various prepositions, as אַחֲרֵי מִי 1Sam 24:15 (twice in verse); אֶלמִֿי 1Sam 6:20; 2Kgs 9:5 +; בְּמִי by whom ? 1Kgs 20:14, לְמִי₂₀ to whom ? whose ? Gen 32:18 לְמִי אַתָּה, Gen 38:25; Prov 20:20 (6 t.) +; מִמִּי Ezek 32:19; Ps 27:1 (twice in verse); עַלמִֿי 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 19:22; Isa 57:4 +; אֶתמִֿי (so always in accusative), 1Sam 12:3 (twice in verse); 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 = with whom ? Job 12:3.
c. in an indirect question, as Gen 21:26; Gen 43:22 לא ידענו מי שׂם we do not know who put, etc., Deut 21:1; Ps 39:7; Josh 24:15 בַּחֲרוּ ֗֗֗ אֶתמִֿי תַעֲבֹד֑וּן choose whom ye will serve, after ראה 1Sam 14:17, שׁאל 1Sam 17:56, הגיד 1Kgs 1:20, הודיע v1Kgs 1:27.
d. ׳מי ב who among ... ? 1Sam 22:14; Isa 36:20; Isa 43:9; Isa 48:14 (בהם) Isa 42:23; Isa 50:10; Hag 2:3 ( all בכם); מי מן who of ... ? Judg 21:8; 2Kgs 6:11; Isa 50:1.
e. strengthened and emphatic forms of interrogative:
(a) מי זה (see זה 4 b), מי הוא (see הוא 4 b β), הוא זה מי Ps 24:10; Jer 30:21; Esth 7:5 (see ibid.);
(b) אֶחָד מִי what single one ... ? Judg 21:8, compare 2Sam 7:23 ( = 1Chr 17:21). feminine various rhetorical uses ( often repeated in || clause, as Ps 15:1; Ps 18:32; Isa 28:9; Isa 29:15): — (a) followed by imperfect it expresses a wish ( the question implying a desire that the person asked for were present ), 2Sam 15:4 מִי יְשִׂמֵנִי שֹׁפֵט who will set me judge ? i.e. would that some one would make me judge ! 2Sam 23:15 מִי יַשְׁקֵנִי מַיִם = O that one would give me to drink, etc. ! compare Num 11:4; Num 11:18; Mal 1:10; Ps 4:7; Ps 60:11; Ps 94:16; Isa 42:23, and very often in the phrase מִי יִתֵּן who will give? i.e. would that there were. . . ! as Num 11:29 נביאים ׳ומי יתן כל עם י = and would that all ׳י's people were prophets! Deut 28:67 מי יתן ערב = would it were even! Judg 9:29 + (see נָתַן). (b) it expresses contempt (who ? implying the answer no one at all), Exod 5:2 ׳אשׁר אשׁמע בקולו מי י who is ׳י that I should listen to his voice ? Judg 9:28 מִי אֲבִימֶלֶךְ וּמִי שְׁכֶם כִּי נַעַבְדֶנּוּ, vJudg 9:38; 1Sam 17:26 who is this Philistine that he should have reproached, etc.? 1Sam 25:10 מי דוד ומי בן ישׁי Isa 28:9; Job 26:4; Prov 30:9 ׳מי י; or modesty (real or assumed), Exod 3:11 מִי אָנֹכִי כִּי אֵלֵךְ אֶלפַּֿרְעֹה 1Sam 18:18 ומי חיי מי אנכי who am I, and who is my clan (חַיִּי), that I should be the king's son-in-law ? 2Sam 7:18; 1Chr 29:14; 2Chr 2:5 or surprise, Isa 44:10; Isa 49:21. (c) in impassioned prose, and especially in poetry, implying the answer few or none, it is equivalent to a rhetorical negative, Deut 9:2 מִי יִתְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵי בְנֵי עֲנָק who can stand, etc.? Deut 30:12 מִי יַעֲלֶהלָּֿנוּ הַשָּׁמַיְמָה vDeut 30:13; 1Sam 4:8 ׳מִי יַצִּילֵנוּ וג, 1Sam 6:20; 1Sam 22:14; 1Sam 26:9; 1Sam 26:15; 2Sam 16:10 מי יאמר who shall (or can) say ? Job 9:12; Prov 20:9; Eccl 8:4 with the perfect (of experience), who has ever . . . ? Num 23:10; Deut 5:23; Isa 36:20; Isa 66:8 (twice in verse); Jer 18:13 מִי שָׁמַע כָּאֵלֶּה, Jer 23:18 (ᵑ0), Jer 30:21; Job 4:7; Job 9:4 מִי הִקְשָׁה אֵלָיו וַיִּשְׁלָ֑ם, Job 41:3; Prov 30:4; Lam 3:37 in poetry, very often, as Gen 49:9 מִי יְקִימֶנּוּ וּכְלָבִיא who can rouse him up ? (i.e. no one), Exod 15:11 (twice in verse) מִי כָמוֺךָ (so Ps 35:10 and elsewhere), Num 24:9; Num 24:23; 1Sam 2:25 מי יתפלל לו who shall intercede for him ? (i.e. no one), Isa 1:12; Isa 10:3; Isa 40:13; Isa 40:14; Isa 40:18; Isa 41:26; Isa 42:19; Isa 43:9; Isa 48:14; Isa 50:1; Isa 53:1 מִי הֶאֱמִין לִשְׁמֻעָתֵנוּ (i.e. few or none), etc.; Ps 18:32 ׳מִי אֱלוֺהַּ מִבַּלְעֲדֵי י, Ps 76:8; Ps 89:7; Ps 130:3; Job 21:31; Job 34:29; Jer 17:9; Joel 2:11; Mal 3:2 מִי לֹא ֗֗֗ Amos 3:8; Jer 10:7; Job 12:9 (compare Job 25:3; Nah 3:19); (יְשִׁיבֶנָּה) מִי יְשִׁיבֶנּוּ who shall (can) turn it back ? Job 9:12; Job 11:10; Job 23:13; Isa 14:27; Isa 43:13; Jer 2:24 implying the answer, no one but God, Isa 40:12; Isa 41:2; Isa 35:6; Isa 35:25, etc.; defiantly, Isa 50:9 מִי הוּא יַרְשִׁיעֵנִי, Jer 21:13; Jer 49:4 מִי יָבוֺא אֵלַי, vJer 49:19; Obad 1:3; Ps 12:5 מִי אָדוֺן לָנוּ, Ps 59:8; Ps 64:6; Job 9:19 מִי יוֺעִידֵנִי וְאִם לְמִשְׁפָּט, Job 13:19 מִי הוּא יָרִיב עִמָּדִי who is he that will contend with me ? Job 17:3; Job 41:2. Notice in examples of this kind the frequent order of words: Prov 20:6 ואישׁ אמוּנים מי ימצא, Prov 24:22 יודע ופיד שׁניהם מי, Prov 31:10; Nah 1:6 לפני זעמו מי יעמד, Ps 147:17 קֹרָתוֺ מי יעמד לפני, Job 4:2 וַעְצֹר בְּמִלִּין מִי יוּכ֑ל, Job 26:14; Job 38:37; Job 39:5; Job 41:5; Job 41:6; Ps 6:6 בִּשְׁאוֺל מִי יוֺדֶהלָּֿ֑ךְ, Ps 19:13 and with the nom. pendens, Jer 2:24 תַּאֲנָתָהּ מִי יְשִׁיבֶנָּה, Prov 18:14; Job 17:15 וְתִקְוָתִי מִי יְשׁוּרֶנָּה, Job 38:29 וּכְפֹר שָׁמַיִם מִי יְלָדוֺ.
(d) מִי יוֺדֵעַ who knoweth ? (Ps 90:11; Prov 24:22), followed by a verbal clause, becomes (compare nescio an) = it may be, perchance, 2Sam 12:22 ׳מִי יוֺדֵעַ יְחָנֵּנִי י (Qr וְחַנַּנִי), Joel 2:14 ( = Jonah 3:9) מי יודע ישׁוב ונחם, Esth 4:14 יודע אם מי.
(e) especially in poetry, a question with מי, to which the answer follows, is an effective mode of affirming a fact, or introducing a description: Ps 15:1 (twice in verse) (see vPs 15:2); Ps 24:3; Ps 24:8; Ps 24:10; Isa 23:8 מי יעץ ׳זאת וג (Isa 23:9 the answ., יְעָצָהּ ׳צ ׳י), Isa 33:14 (see vIsa 33:15f.), Isa 37:23; Isa 41:2; Isa 41:4; Isa 60:8; Isa 63:1; Jer 46:7; Song 3:6, compare Song 6:10; Song 8:3 answered by הֲלֹא Exod 4:11; Isa 42:24; Isa 45:21; Mic 1:5 (twice in verse).
g. מִי may sometimes be rendered whosoever, though, as the examples will shew, it does not really mean it: Exod 24:14 מי בעל דברים יִגַּשׁ אליהם, literally Who hath a cause ? let him draw nigh unto them, i.e. whoso hath a cause, let him, etc., Isa 50:8b מִי בַעַל מִשְׁפָּטִי יִגַּשׁ אֵלַי, Isa 54:15; Judg 7:3 מִי יָרֵא וְחָרֵד יָשֹׁב ׳וג who is fearful and trembling ? let him return, Prov 9:4; Prov 9:16 מִיפֶֿ֖תִי יָסֻר הֵגָּה, Ezra 1:3 (compare with וְ in apodosis Jer 9:11; Hos 14:10; Ps 107:43; Zech 4:10 is dubious, on account of anomalous tense and construction); so with מי האישׁ אשׁר ֗֗֗ Deut 20:5; Deut 20:6; Deut 20:7; Judg 10:18, compare Ps 25:12. With 1 person in apodosis, Exod 32:33 חָטָא לִי אֶמְחֶגּוּ מִסִּפְרִי מִי אֲשֶׁר, Jer 49:19 ( = Jer 50:44) אֵלָיהָ אֶפְקֹד וּמִי בָחוּר and who is chosen? I will appoint him over her! Isa 50:8a; with an imperative in the apodosis Exod 32:24 (against accents; see Ra) התפרקו למי זהב who hath gold ? break it off you! Gen 19:12; 1Sam 11:12, compare Ps 34:13f.; without a verb, Exod 32:26 אלי ׳מי לי who is on J.'s side ? (let him come) to me! so 2Sam 20:11 (מי אשׁר); Eccl 5:9; Eccl 9:4 (מי אשׁר).
h. once, following a verb (compare מָה 3), any one, 2Sam 18:12 שִׁמְרוּמִֿי בַּנַּעַר באבשׁלום Have a care, whosoever ye be, of, etc. (but ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Bu לִי; compare v2Sam 18:5).

BDB9669 H4479 H4310

מַן (so Gi, with most MSS., supported by Syriac , Arabic ; see K^{§ 22, 1}), מָן (Baer: see on Dan 3:6), interrogative pronoun who? (Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene מן Lzb³¹² Cooke¹⁸⁸), ᵑ7 מן, Syriac , Ethiopic Arabic W^{CG 123:} Biblical Hebrew מִי); —

1. who? Ezra 5:3; Ezra 5:9 strengthened by הוּא, Dan 3:15 וּמַןהֿוּא אֱלָהּ דִּי who is the God who . . . ? (compare Syriac contracted from , and מַנּוּ in the Syriacizing ᵑ7 to Proverbs: also Biblical Hebrew מִי הוּא, הוּא 4 b β); so in the plural Ezra 5:4 מִןאִֿנוּן שְׁמָהָת what (literally who: compare מִי 1 a, and Gen 32:28; Exod 3:13 ᵑ7) are the names of . . .?

2. מַןדּֿי whosoever (literally who is there that . . .? see Biblical Hebrew מִי g) Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 מִןדִּֿי לָא יִפֵּל, Dan 4:14 וּלְמִן דִּי יִצְבֵּא יִתְּנִנַּהּ to whomsoever he willeth, he giveth it, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 (so Nabataean מן די, Cooke^{241, 325 ff.}; ᵑ7 מַן דְּ; Syriac ; compare Egyptian Aramaic S-C^{Pap. K 7, 12} ולמן זי צבית תנתן).

who, whom, what, whose, which, …

mî

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

who?, whose?, whom?, would that, whoever, whosoever

יָרֵ֣א

Root word fear, feareth, feared, afraid, fearful, …

Dictionary form: יָרֵא · yaw-RAY

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: is fearful

them that fear ×7 fear ×5 that feareth ×4 ye that fear ×4 them that fear him ×3 feareth ×2 one that feareth ×2 and he feared ×1

More options

fear — Most versatile; covers awe, reverence, and dread.

revere — Prefer when the object is God or something sacred.

stand in awe of — Highlights wonder mixed with reverence.

dread — Use when terror or threat is the dominant sense.

be afraid of — Plain modern phrasing for simple fright or anxiety.

hold in reverent respect — Formal register; suits covenantal or liturgical contexts.

BDB3708 H3372 H3373

יָרֵא verb fear (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian îrû, id.; Hpt KAT^{2, Gloss i.}, COT^Gloss) —

Qal₃₂₈ Perfect ׳יר Gen 19:30 + 14 t.; 3 feminine יָרְאָה Jer 3:8; Ps 76:9 יָרֵ֑אָה Gen 18:15 plural 2 masculine יְרֵאתֶם Num 12:8 + 2 t.; + 23 t. Perfect; Imperfect יִירָא Amos 3:8 + 3 t.; וַיִּירָא Gen 28:17 + 5 t.; וַיִּרָא Jer 26:21 + 5 t.; plural (יִָֽרְאוּ) יִירְאוּ Jer 23:4 +; יִרָאוּן Deut 13:12, +, etc.; 136 t. Imperfect; Imperative יְרָא Prov 3:7 + 3 t.; יְראוּ Josh 24:14 + 2 t.; Infinitive construct יְרֹא Josh 22:25 לֵרֹא 1Sam 18:29 (Ges^{«GKC:69»§ 69}, R. i.); לְיִרְאָה Deut 4:10 + 13 t.; suffix יִרְאָתוֺ 2Sam 3:11 יִרְאָתָם Isa 29:13 יְרָאתֶם Josh 4:24 (read יִרְאָתָם Bö^{§ 1081 a} Ew^{337 b} Di etc.); Participle יָרֵא Gen 32:12 + 15 t.; construct יְרֵא Gen 22:12 + 10 t.; plural יְרֵאִים Jer 42:11 + 6 t.; construct יִרְאֵי Exod 18:21 + 12 t.; feminine construct יִרְאַת Prov 31:30 —

1. fear, be afraid (not in P):
a. absolute Gen 3:10; Gen 18:15; Gen 32:8; Gen 43:18; Exod 14:10 (J), Gen 20:8; Gen 28:17; Gen 42:35; Exod 2:14; Josh 10:2 (E), Deut 20:8; Deut 31:8; Judg 7:3; Judg 8:20; 1Sam 4:7; 1Sam 17:11; 1Sam 17:24; 1Sam 23:3; 1Sam 28:5; 1Sam 31:4 = 1Chr 10:4; 2Kgs 10:4; 2Chr 20:3; Neh 2:2; Neh 6:13; Isa 54:14; Jer 3:8; Jer 23:4; Jer 26:21; Amos 3:8; Jonah 1:5; Jonah 1:10; Ps 27:3; Ps 46:3; Ps 49:6 (but Bae reads ראה) Ps 56:4; Ps 56:5; Ps 56:12; Ps 64:5; Ps 65:10; Ps 76:9; Ps 112:8; Ps 118:6; Prov 14:16; Job 6:21; Job 11:15 אַלתִּֿירָא(יו׳ּׅ fear not Gen 15:1; Gen 21:17; Gen 35:17; Gen 50:19; Gen 50:21; Exod 20:20; Josh 10:25 (E), Gen 26:24; Gen 43:23; Exod 14:13; Josh 8:1 (J), Deut 1:21; Deut 20:3; Deut 31:6; Judg 4:18; Judg 6:23; 1Sam 4:20; 1Sam 12:20; 1Sam 22:23; 1Sam 23:17; 1Sam 28:13; 2Sam 9:7; 2Sam 13:28; 1Kgs 17:13; 2Kgs 6:16; 1Chr 22:13; 1Chr 28:20; 2Chr 20:17; Isa 7:4; Isa 35:4; Isa 40:9; Isa 41:10; Isa 41:13; Isa 41:14; Isa 43:1; Isa 43:5; Isa 44:2; Isa 54:4; Jer 30:10; Jer 46:27; Jer 46:28; Joel 2:21; Joel 2:22; Zeph 3:16; Hag 2:5; Zech 8:13; Zech 8:15; Ps 49:17; Lam 3:57; Dan 10:12; Dan 10:19; Ruth 3:11 ׳יִשְׁמְעוּ וי hear and fear Deut 13:12; Deut 17:13; Deut 19:20; Deut 21:21 ׳(י)ראו וי see and fear Ps 40:4; Ps 52:8; Isa 41:5; Zech 9:5.
b. with accusative of thing or person Num 14:9 (twice in verse) (J), Num 21:34 (E), Deut 3:2; Deut 3:22; Judg 6:27; 1Sam 15:24; 2Sam 3:11; 1Kgs 1:51; Isa 8:12; Isa 51:7; Isa 57:11; Ezek 3:9; Ezek 11:8; Hab 3:2 (accusative פעלךָ in corrected rhythm), Ps 23:4; Dan 1:10 accusative of God (׳י) 1Sam 12:18; 2Sam 6:9 = 1Chr 13:12; Isa 57:11; Jer 5:22; Jonah 1:16; Job 9:35; Job 37:24.
c. with מִן be afraid of, Deut 1:29; Deut 2:4; Deut 7:18; Deut 20:1; Deut 28:10; Josh 10:8 (D) 1Sam 28:20; 2Kgs 25:24; Isa 10:24; Isa 51:12; Jer 10:5; Jer 42:11; Jer 42:16; Ezek 2:6 (3 t. in verse); Mic 7:17; Ps 3:7; Ps 27:1; Ps 65:9; Ps 91:5; Ps 112:7; Ps 119:120; Prov 3:25; Prov 31:21; Job 5:21; Job 5:22; Eccl 12:5 with מִפְּנֵי Deut 5:5; Deut 7:19; Josh 9:24; Josh 11:6 (D), 1Sam 7:7; 1Sam 18:29; 1Sam 21:23; 1Kgs 1:50; 2Kgs 1:15; 2Kgs 19:6 (= Isa 37:6) 2Kgs 25:26; 2Chr 20:15; 2Chr 32:7; Neh 4:8; Jer 1:8; Jer 41:18; Jer 42:11 (twice in verse); מִלִּפְנֵי 1Sam 18:12, with בְּ because of, for Jer 51:46.
d. with infinitive and לְ fear to do a thing Gen 19:30; Gen 26:7 (J), Num 12:8 (E), Judg 7:10; 2Sam 1:14; 2Sam 10:19; 2Sam 12:18 with infin. and מִן, afraid of doing Gen 46:3; Exod 3:6 (E), 1Sam 3:15; Jer 40:9; Job 32:6.
e. with פֶּן fear lest Gen 31:31 (E) Gen 32:12 (J).

2. stand in awe of, with מן and infinitive וַיִּירְאוּ מִגֶּשֶׁת אֵלָיו Exod 34:30 (P) and they stood in awe of drawing nigh unto him; יִירְאוּ מֵיהוה ׳וגו Ps 33:8 let all the earth stand in awe of Yahweh; וְיָרֵאתָ מֵאֱלהֶיךָ and thou shalt stand in awe of thy God Lev 19:14; Lev 19:32; Lev 25:17; Lev 25:36; Lev 25:43 (all H); with מִפְּנֵי, of the king Solomon 1Kgs 3:28 ׳מִפְּנֵי י אלהים Exod 9:30 (J?); ׳מפני י Hag 1:12 מלפני (אלהיםׅ ׳י stand in awe before (God) Eccl 3:14; Eccl 8:12; Eccl 8:13.

3. fear, reverence, honour, e.g. parents Lev 19:3 (H), Moses and Joshua Josh 4:14 (twice in verse), the oath 1Sam 14:26; Eccl 9:2, commandment Prov 13:13, the sanctuary Lev 19:30; Lev 26:2 (H), other gods Judg 6:10; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:35; 2Kgs 17:37; 2Kgs 17:38 elsewhere of God:
a. absolute Jer 44:10.
b. with accusative (ה)אלהים Gen 22:12; Gen 42:18; Exod 1:17; Exod 1:21; Exod 18:21 (E), Deut 25:18; Ps 55:20; Ps 66:16; Job 1:1; Job 1:8; Job 1:9; Job 2:3; Eccl 5:6; Eccl 7:18; Eccl 8:12; Eccl 12:13; יהוה ׳יר Exod 14:31 (J), Josh 22:25 (P), Josh 24:14 (E), 1Sam 12:14; 1Sam 12:24; 1Kgs 18:3; 1Kgs 18:12; 2Kgs 4:1; 2Kgs 17:25; 2Kgs 17:28; 2Kgs 17:32; 2Kgs 17:33; 2Kgs 17:34; 2Kgs 17:41; Isa 50:10; Jer 5:24; Jer 26:19; Hos 10:3; Jonah 1:9; Mal 3:16 (twice in verse); Ps 15:4; Ps 22:24; Ps 25:12; Ps 34:10; Ps 112:1; Ps 115:11; Ps 115:13; Ps 118:4; Ps 128:1; Ps 128:4; Ps 135:20; Prov 3:7; Prov 14:2; Prov 24:21; Prov 31:30 אֱלֹהֶיךָ ׳י ׳יר (and other suffixes) Deut 6:2; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:24; Deut 10:12; Deut 10:20; Deut 14:23; Deut 17:19; Deut 31:12; Deut 31:13; Josh 4:24 (D), 2Kgs 17:39 with suffixes referring to Yahweh or Elohim Deut 4:10; Deut 5:26; Deut 8:6; Deut 13:5; 1Kgs 8:40; 1Kgs 8:43 = 2Chr 6:31; 2Chr 6:33; 2Kgs 17:36; Isa 25:3; Isa 29:13; Jer 10:7; Jer 32:39; Mal 2:5; Mal 3:5; Zeph 3:7; Ps 22:26; Ps 25:14; Ps 31:20; Ps 33:18; Ps 34:8; Ps 34:10; Ps 60:6; Ps 67:8; Ps 72:5; Ps 85:10; Ps 103:11; Ps 103:13; Ps 103:17; Ps 111:5; Ps 119:63; Ps 119:74; Ps 119:79; Ps 145:19; Ps 147:11 ׳הַיָּרֵא אֶתדְּֿבַר י Exod 9:20 he that feared the word of Yahweh (J); the name (of Yahweh) Deut 28:58; Isa 59:19; Mal 3:20; Ps 61:6; Ps 86:11; Ps 102:16; Neh 1:11.

Niph`al₄₅ Imperfect 2 masculine תִּוָּרֵא Ps 130:4 Participle נוֺרָא Gen 28:17 + 33 t.; feminine נוֺרָאָה Isa 21:1 plural נוֺרָאוֺת Isa 64:2 + 5 t.; נוֺרָאֹת Deut 10:21 נֹרָאוֺת 2Sam 7:23 suffix נוֺרְאוֺתֶיךָ Ps 145:6 —

1. be fearful, dreadful, e.g. wilderness Deut 1:19; Deut 8:15, land Isa 21:1, people Isa 18:2; Isa 18:7; Hab 1:7, ice (in simile) ׳כְּעֵין הַקֶּרַח הנ Ezek 1:22 (strike out ᵐ5 Co).

2. cause astonishment and awe: of Yahweh himself Ps 47:3; Ps 68:36; Ps 76:8 נוֺרָא תְהִלֹּת awe-inspiring in praises Exod 15:11 (song); עַלאֿלוהּ נוֺרָא הוֺד awe-inspiring majesty (is) upon Eloah Job 37:22 with לְ, to kings of the earth Ps 76:13 with על of hostile nations Zeph 2:11 of ׳י's doings Exod 34:10 (J) Ps 66:3; Ps 66:5 (ה)נוראות wonderful, glorious things, of Messianic king Ps 45:5 of Yahweh himself Deut 10:21; 2Sam 7:23 = 1Chr 17:21; Isa 64:2; Ps 106:22; Ps 145:6 ׳נו adverbially in Ps 65:6; Ps 139:14 Ges^{«GKC:118»§ 118}. 5. b Da^{Synt. § 70}(b); הגדול והנורא ׳יוֺם י the great and awful day of Yahweh Joel 3:4; Mal 3:23 compare Joel 2:11.

3. inspire reverence, godly fear, and awe:
a. as attribute of God, לְמַעַן תִּוָּרֵא that thou mightest be revered Ps 130:4 (ה)גָּדוֺל ו(ה)נוֺרָא (the) great and awful (God) Deut 7:21; Deut 10:17; Neh 1:5; Neh 4:8; Neh 9:32; with עַל, above all gods Ps 96:4 = 1Chr 16:25 above the angels round about him Ps 89:8.
b. of the name of Yahweh Deut 28:58; Ps 99:3; Ps 111:9; Mal 1:14.
c. of sacred things: מלאךְ האלהים Judg 13:6 place of theophany Gen 28:17 (E).

Piel.₅ Perfect 3 masculine suffix יֵָֽרְאֻנִי 2Sam 14:15 Infinitive suffix לְיָָֽרְאֵנִי Neh 6:19 לְיָֽרְאָם 2Chr 32:18 Participle plural מְיָָֽרְאִים Neh 6:9; Neh 6:14 make afraid, terrify, with accusative

BDB3709 H3373

יָרֵא verbal adjective see above Participle

fear, feareth, feared, afraid, fearful, …

yārēʾ

fearing; morally, reverent

fearing, reverent, afraid

וְ חָרֵ֔ד

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

חָרֵ֔ד

Root word tremble, trembled, trembleth, afraid

Dictionary form: חָרֵד · haw-RADE

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: and afraid

and afraid ×1 and of those that tremble ×1 and trembleth ×1 that trembled ×1 trembled ×1 ye that tremble ×1

More options

tremble — Most direct modern equivalent; physical or fearful shaking.

shudder — Stronger, more visceral reaction; good for intense dread.

quake — Conveys full-body trembling; suits dramatic or solemn contexts.

be afraid — Emphasizes emotional fear over physical trembling.

be in awe — Reverent rather than fearful; useful in worship contexts.

be anxious — Softer register; suits contexts of worry or nervous anticipation.

BDB3102 H2730

חָרֵד verbal adjective of foregoing, trembling; — חָרֵד Judg 7:3 + 3 t.; חֲרֵדִים Isa 66:5; Ezra 10:3 — trembling (from fear), absolute Judg 7:3 (|| ירא), 1Sam 4:13 (subject לִבּוֺ, followed by עַל, for, in behalf of); in awe and reverence, at word of God, sq, בְּ Ezra 9:4; Isa 66:2 (followed by עַל), vIsa 66:5 (followed by אֶל); compare ׳בְּמִצְוַת אל ׳ח Ezra 10:3.

tremble, trembled, trembleth, afraid

ḥārēd

fearful; also reverential

trembling, fearful, afraid

יָשֹׁ֥ב

Root word return, again, returned, turn, back, …

Dictionary form: שׁוּב · shoob

Verb — Qal, Jussive, third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" a wish or command — try "let him ___" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: let him return

return ×69 returned ×56 and returned ×24 shall return ×23 again ×22 turn ×21 to return ×16 turn again ×13

More options

return — Most direct modern equivalent; fits most contexts.

turn back — Emphasizes reversal of direction or course.

come back — Informal, relational tone; good for personal or narrative contexts.

restore — Best when the subject brings something back to prior state.

repent — Prefer in theological contexts of moral/spiritual turning.

go back — Stresses departure from current position; informal register.

BDB8502 H7725

שׁוּב₁₀₅₆ verb turn back, return (Late Hebrew id.; Hiph`il in MI^{8 f. 12}; Sabean תֿיב, התֿב, especially requite Os^{ZMG xix (1865), 198} SabDenkm^{No. 20, l. 1} Hom^{Chrest. 122} CIS^{iv. 81, i. 9, etc}.; Arabic return, so Aramaic תּוּב, ); —

Qal₆₈₅ Perfect 3 masculine singular שָׁב Gen 18:33 +, 3 feminine singular שָׁ֫בָה Ruth 1:15 +, וְשָׁבַת consecutive Ezek 46:17 (Ges^{«GKC:72o»§ 72o}, but Co Toy Krae וְשֶׁבָה), 2 masculine singular שַׁבְתָּ Ps 85:2, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשׁוּב Hos 11:5 + often, יָשֻׁב Ps 146:4; Lam 3:3, jussive יָשֹׁב Judg 7:3 +, וַיָּ֫שָׁב Gen 26:18 +; 3 feminine plural תָּשֹׁבְןָ Ezek 16:55 (twice in verse), תְּשֻׁבֶינָה vEzek 16:55, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שׁוּב Gen 31:3 +, שֻׁב Exod 4:19; 1Kgs 18:43, שׁוּ֫בָה Hos 14:2 +, feminine plural שֹׁבְנָה Ruth 1:8; Ruth 1:11; Ruth 1:12, etc.; Infinitive absolute שׁוֺב Gen 8:3 +, construct שׁוּב Exod 4:21 +, שֹׁב Josh 2:16 (Ges^{«GKC:72q»§ 72q}), etc.; Participle שָׁב Gen 43:18 +, feminine singular שָׁבָ֫ה Ruth 1:22 +, etc.; passive construct שׁוּבֵי Mic 2:8 — turn back, return:

1. turn back, with מִן local Judg 3:19; Judg 8:13, compare Judg 7:3, with מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. from following 2Sam 11:15; 1Kgs 19:21; Ruth 1:16, from pursuing 2Sam 2:26; 2Sam 2:30; 1Kgs 22:33 = 2Chr 18:32 with מִן of pursuit 1Sam 17:53; 1Sam 23:28, compare 2Chr 11:4 with אַחֲרֵי person, i.e. so as to follow 1Sam 15:31; 2Sam 23:10 turn back in fear, מִן of thing Job 39:22 (of horse), מִפְּנֵי כֹל Prov 30:30 (of lion), so absolute (of foes) Ps 6:11; Ps 56:10; Ps 70:4, in shame Lam 1:8 turn back and do so and so: Gen 14:7; Exod 14:2, compare Num 33:7 (עַל location, both P), Josh 8:21 (E), Josh 11:10 (J), 1Chr 21:20, followed by infinitive 2Chr 20:27 absolute turn back (face about) Song 7:1 (4 t. in verse) (+ verb); = be repulsed, defeated Ps 9:4; Ps 74:21 figurative turn back, namely, from a promise or a vow Judg 11:35 with מִן of service Num 8:25 (P), i.e. be exempt.

2. return, come or go back, with מֵעַל person 1Sam 17:15 (opposed to הלד), 2Sam 10:14; 2Kgs 18:14, מִן person Josh 10:31 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם), מִן local, especially from foreign land 2Kgs 8:3; 2Chr 10:2; Ruth 1:6; Ruth 1:22; Ruth 2:6; Ruth 4:3; Jer 31:16; Jer 40:12; Jer 43:5; Jer 44:28; Ezra 6:21; Neh 8:17, מֵהַכּוֺת Gen 14:17 (J E ?), 1Sam 17:57; 1Sam 18:6; 2Sam 1:1; 2Sam 8:13, מֵאַחֲרֵי i.e. from pursuing 1Sam 24:2 (Gi v.1Sam 23:1); figurative, מִנִּי חשֶׁךְ ׳לֹא שׁ Job 15:22 (see חשֶׁךְ 3 a); עִבְרוּ זָשׁוּבוּ מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר Exod 32:27 (J), i.e. go back and forth from gate to gate, compare (absolute) participle as substantive עֹבֵר וָשָׁב Zech 7:14; Zech 9:8 and (= all persons) Ezek 35:7 also וַיֵּצֵא יָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Gen 8:7 (J), רָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Ezek 1:14 (strike out Hi Co Toy and others; yet see Krae); Gen 8:3 (J) see הלד 4 c (4).

3. especially return unto:
a. go back, אֶל person Num 23:5; Num 23:16 (JE), 2Kgs 1:6 (|| הָלַךְ, as often), Exod 5:22 (J; ׳אֶליֿ), Exod 32:31 (E; id), Num 17:15 (P), 2Sam 20:22 (+ accusative of location), Jer 46:16 (both + אֶל location), + 17 t.; אֶל location also Gen 21:32; Gen 28:21 (both E), 2Sam 11:4; Hos 5:15 (of ׳י), 2Chr 19:1 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם, + ל person), Esth 2:14 (opposed to בּוֺא), Esth 7:8 (+ מִן local), + 27 t.; of a dog עַלקֵֿאוֺ ׳שׁ Prov 26:11 ל location Gen 18:33 (J), 1Sam 26:25; 1Sam 29:4; 1Kgs 19:15 (+ ה- locative), Gen 33:16 (J; לְדַרְכּוֺ, + id.), Ps 7:8 (of ׳י), + 25 t.; ל person Ruth 1:10 (לְעַמֵךְ); ה- locative also Gen 44:13 (J), Exod 4:20; Exod 4:21 (R), Exod 13:17 (E), + 5 t.; שָׁם (= שָׁ֫מָּה) Jer 22:27 accusative of location also Hos 8:13; Hos 9:3; 1Sam 18:2; 2Sam 3:27; 2Sam 15:27 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם), 2Kgs 2:25 (+ מִן local), + 15 t.; accusative דֶּרֶךָ Ezek 46:9 accusative of person Num 10:36 אַחֲרֵי person Ruth 1:15 absolute 2Sam 3:16; 2Sam 19:16 (+ בּוֺא), 1Kgs 18:43; Jer 40:5 (< strike out ᵐ5 Gie Du), Ezek 7:13b (strike out ᵐ5 Co Krae and others) +; followed by verb, go back and do so and so, Gen 43:2; 1Sam 1:19; 1Sam 29:7 (שׁוּב וְלֵךְ בְּשָׁלוֺם), 1Kgs 13:22; 2Chr 18:16 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם) +, (Jer 42:10 read יָשׁוֺב Vrss and modern); followed by infinitive purpose Judg 14:8; 2Sam 6:20 + 10 t.
b. come back, אֶל person Gen 8:9 (J; + אֶל location), Exod 24:14 (J), 1Sam 23:23 + 2Sam 17:3 (ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr HPS Bu), 1Kgs 12:15 (opposed to הָלַךְ) + 9 t. + (in hostility) Judg 20:48 אֶל location also Zech 8:3 (subject ׳י); Josh 22:32 (P) has מֵאֵת person + מִן local + אֶל location + אֶל person; אֶל of thing Ezek 7:13 עַל person Neh 4:6; Mic 5:2 (be reunited to); עַל location 1Kgs 17:21; 1Kgs 17:22 ל location Josh 1:15 (R), Zech 1:16 (subject ׳י), 2Chr 30:9 + (from exile) 5 t.; ל animal., Job 39:4 ה- locative Gen 15:16 (E), Gen 50:14 (J); accusative of location 2Chr 19:8 שָׁם Jer 20:11 (opposed to יָצָא), שָׁ֫מָּה vJer 20:27, הֵ֫נָּה Jer 31:8 absolute Gen 43:10 (J), 2Sam 10:5; 2Kgs 1:5; Isa 21:12 (|| אָתָה), Job 39:12 (Kt, so Bu Du; of wild ox), + often; + בְּשָׁלוֺם Judg 8:9; 1Kgs 22:28 (שׁוֺב תָּשׁוּב) = 2Chr 18:27; 2Chr 18:26 + verb, come back and do so and so, Deut 1:45; Deut 30:8; Jer 37:8; 1Kgs 19:7; 1Kgs 20:5; 2Kgs 9:36; Ps 60:2 (title), compare Zech 4:1; Dan 11:10, לָשֶׁבֶת ׳שׁ Num 35:32 (P), לָלֶכֶת ׳שׁ Eccl 5:14.

4. a. of dying, אֶלֿ(הֶ)עָפָר ׳שׁ Gen 3:19 (twice in verse) (J), Ps 104:29; Eccl 3:20, עַלעָֿפָר Job 34:15 לְאַדְמָתוֺ ׳שׁ Ps 146:4, compare אָשׁוּב שָׁ֫מָּה (i.e. בֶּטֶן אִמּוֺ) Job 1:21 (see Di Bu, also Eccl 5:14); לִשְׁא֑וֺלָה ׳שׁ Ps 9:18 so probably absolute Ps 90:3 (> come back to life); of (human) dust, עַלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳שׁ Eccl 12:7 breath, אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהַים ׳שׁ vEccl 12:7.
b. of revival from death, לְבֵיתוֺ ׳שׁ Job 7:10, absolute Job 10:21 (opposed to הָלַךְ), Job 16:22 (id.), Prov 2:19 also with אֶל person 2Sam 12:13.

5. figurative of human relations:
a. return to leader, king, אֶל person, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:27 (twice in verse); to divorced wife Jer 3:1 (opposed to הלד).
b. = change so as to approach (in purpose, desire), אֶלֿ person Jer 15:9 (twice in verse).
c. turn, i.e. resort to, ל person Ps 119:79.
d. return to a physical condition Job 33:25 (ל of thing); to a state or course of life, ל of thing Isa 23:17; Ezek 16:55 (3 t. in verse); Neh 9:17; Ps 85:9 עַל of thing Jer 11:10, הֲלוֺם Ps 73:10 (but corrupt); ב Jer 8:6 (Du reads שָׁט for שָׁב).
e. absolute = change course of action; from good to bad, וַיָּשָׁב וַיִּמְרָראבּוֺ 2Kgs 24:1; Jer 34:11; Jer 34:16 bad to good vJer 34:15 so ׳שׁ alone Job 6:29 (twice in verse) (probably; read וְשׁוּבוּ, so Di Da Bu and others; other interpretations De Du and others). feminine passive participle = averse, שׁוּבֵי מִלְחָמָה Mic 2:8 (> We Now שְׁבִי spoil of war).

6. figurative, specifically of spiritual relations:
a. turn back from God, = apostatize, ׳מֵאַחֲרֵי י Num 14:43 (J), 1Sam 15:11; 1Kgs 9:6 (שׁוֺב תְּשֻׁב֫וּן), Jer 3:19; Num 32:15; Josh 22:16; Josh 22:18; Josh 22:23; Josh 22:29 (all P); absolute (usually + verb) Judg 2:19; Judg 8:33; Josh 23:12 (R^D), Jer 8:4; Ps 78:41; 2Chr 7:19.
b. of ׳י, turn away, מֵאַחֲרֵי person Deut 23:15.
c. turn back to God (= seek penitently), ׳אֶליֿ Hos 6:1; Hos 7:10; Hos 14:3; Jer 3:7; 1Kgs 8:33; 1Kgs 8:48 (בְּכָלֿ לֵבָב), + 18 t.; אֶלאֱֿלֹהִים Hos 5:4; Ps 51:15, compare Isa 10:21 ׳עַליֿ 2Chr 15:4; 2Chr 30:9 ׳עַדיֿ Amos 4:6; Amos 4:8; Amos 4:9; Amos 4:10; Amos 4:11; Hos 14:2; Isa 9:12 + 5 t.; עַדשַֿׁדַּי Job 22:23 ׳לי Isa 31:6, נַפְשִׁי ׳שׁ לִמְנוּחָ֑יְכְי Ps 116:7 compare לַבַּעַל Hos 7:16 (for לֹא עָל, Now, compare Marti); לְתוֺכַחְתִּי Prov 1:23 (probably strike out, see Toy).
d. absolute repent, Hos 3:15; Hos 11:5; Isa 6:10; Isa 10:22; Jer 3:7; Jer 3:12; Jer 3:14; Jer 3:22; Jer 4:1; Jer 5:3 + 14 t., + participle as substantive Isa 1:27.
e. turn back from evil, with מִן (especially Jeremiah, Ezekiel) 1Kgs 8:35; 1Kgs 13:33; Jer 15:7; Jer 18:8 + 8 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 3:19; Ezek 13:22 + 12 t. Ezekiel,+ 9 t.; compare שָׁבֵי פֶשַׁע Isa 59:20 שׁוּבוּ וְהָשִׁיבוּ מִן Ezek 18:30, so with מֵעַל Ezek 14:6 from good, with מִן, Ezek 3:20; Ezek 18:24; Ezek 18:26; Ezek 33:18. feminine of ׳י, מֵחֲרוֺן אַפּוֺ ׳שׁ Exod 32:12 (JE), Deut 13:18; Josh 7:26 (J), 2Kgs 23:26; Jonah 3:9 ׳מִמֶּנּוּ אַףיֿ ׳שׁ Hos 14:5; Jer 2:35; Jer 4:8; Num 25:4 (P), 2Chr 12:12; 2Chr 29:10; 2Chr 30:8, so (man's anger) Gen 27:45 (J) and (absolute) vGen 27:44 (E); absolute of ׳אַףיֿ Isa 5:25; Isa 9:11; Isa 9:16; Isa 9:20; Isa 10:4; Isa 12:1; (opposed to יָצָא vJer 23:19), Jer 30:24; Job 14:13; Dan 9:16.
g. of ׳י, return (to shew favour), אֶל person Gen 18:10 (+ infinitive absolute), vGen 18:14; Zech 1:3; Mal 3:7; 2Chr 30:6, absolute Isa 63:17; Ps 80:15 (|| הִבִּיט, פָּקַד), Ps 90:13, + verb Jer 12:15; Ps 6:5; Joel 2:14; Jonah 3:9 also in hostility, + verb Josh 24:20 (E), with infinitive purpose Hos 11:9.
h. of ׳י, turn back from (מִן) judgment Jer 4:28, אֱמֶת Ps 132:11 מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. cease to bless, Jer 32:40.

7. of inanimate things (sometimes personified, or treated as things of life):
a. as perceptibly moving, water Gen 8:3 (J; מֵעַל location), Josh 4:18 (J; ל location), Exod 14:26 (P; עַל person), vExod 14:28 (P; + verb), Ps 104:9 (ל infinitive), sea Exod 14:27 (J; לְאֵיתָנוֺ); wind Ps 78:39 (opposed to הלד), Eccl 1:6 (עַל location); shadow 2Kgs 20:9; 2Kgs 20:10 (+ אֲחֹרַנִּית), || Isa 38:8 (sun on dial), of breath (= revive) Judg 15:19; 1Sam 30:12 (אֶל person); clouds Eccl 12:2 (מִן temporal); rain and snow Isa 55:10 (ה locative); rolling stone Prov 26:27 sword 2Sam 1:22 (מִן of thing), Ezek 21:10, arrow Jer 50:9 of plague-spot = re-appear, Lev 14:43 (P).
b. = be brought back, Gen 43:18 (J), 1Sam 5:11 (ל location), hence be restored, ל person Ezek 46:17, so of kingdom 1Kgs 12:26, city 1Sam 7:14 (Ezek 35:9 see ישׁב 4), field Lev 27:24 (P); of animal Deut 28:31.
c. = be turned into, ל of thing, Isa 29:17 = be turned back into, עַד thing, Mic 1:7.
d. return, figurative of word, (1) Isa 45:23, with אֶל person Isa 55:11 (both opposed to יָצָא); (2) Ps 35:13 my prayer turned upon (עַל) my bosom (was uttered with bowed head, De Bae Du).
e. turn away, depart, of infamy Prov 25:10. feminine return (in recompense), of crime, evil, etc., with בְּראֹשׁ 1Kgs 2:33; Obad 1:15; Ps 7:17, עַלרֿאֹשׁ Esth 9:25, ל person Ps 54:7 (Kt; > Qr Hiph`il), Prov 12:14.
g. Ps 94:15 judgement (-giving) shall return to (עַד) righteousness (be in accord therewith).
h. of boundary, = change (sometimes reverse) direction (P), ה- locative Josh 19:12 (+ מִן local), vJosh 19:34 (+ accusative of location), accusative of location also vJosh 19:27 vJosh 19:29 (+ עַד location), vJosh 19:29.
i. be restored to healthy condition, of withered hand 1Kgs 13:6 (twice in verse) (אֶל person), leprous hand Exod 4:7 (J; with כ compare), flesh 2Kgs 5:10 (ל person), v2Kgs 5:14; Lev 13:16 (|| נֶהְפַּךְ לְלָבָן).

8. denoting repetition, etc. (Ges^{«GKC:120d»§ 120 d g}): + verb, return (and) do = do again, Gen 26:18; Gen 30:31; Num 11:4 (all J), Judg 19:7; 1Sam 3:5; 1Sam 3:6; 1Kgs 13:33; 1Kgs 19:6; 2Kgs 1:11; 2Kgs 1:13; 2Kgs 19:9; 2Kgs 21:3 = 2Chr 33:3; Jer 18:4; Jer 36:28; Zech 5:1; Zech 6:1; Mal 1:4; Job 10:16; Job 17:10; Ps 7:13; Dan 9:25, perhaps also 2Chr 19:4 compare Isa 6:13 = it, in turn, shall be destroyed (destruction shall be repeated in its case), Lam 3:3 apparently = do repeatedly; ׳שׁ + Infinitive absolute Eccl 4:1; Eccl 4:7; Eccl 9:11 in comparative עוֺד תָּשׁוּב תִּרְאֶה Ezek 8:6 thou shalt see yet greater abominations, so vEzek 8:13 and (מִן compare) vEzek 8:15 ׳שׁ + Infinitive construct Deut 24:4; Deut 30:9; Josh 5:2 (R^D), Jer 36:28; Ezek 8:17; Ezra 9:14; Neh 9:28; Job 7:7; Eccl 1:7 = reverse one's action, + verb Josh 2:23 (E), Hos 2:11; 2Kgs 13:25; Deut 30:3; Mic 7:19; Zech 8:15; Ps 71:20 (twice in verse); Ps 85:7 = restore to original condition by doing, + verb Deut 23:14.

9. transitive, peculiarly, in phrase ׳שׁ שְׁבוּת restore captivity of, etc., approximately 21 t. (see שְׁבוּת below שָׁבָה); צִיּוֺן ׳י ׳שׁ Isa 52:8, ׳שׁ with suffix person Ps 85:5 elsewhere only ׳אֶתגְּֿאוֺן יַעֲקֹב וגו ׳וְשָׁב י Nah 2:3, compare

Hiph`il 6.

Po`el 1. bring back, Perfect 1 singular וְשֹׁבַבְתִּ֫י, with accusative of person + אֶל location Jer 50:19 (׳י subject), Infinitive construct suffix בְּשׁוֺבְבִי, with מִן local Ezek 39:27 and (figurative) לְשׁוֺבֵב, with אֶל person Isa 49:5 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תְּשׁוֺבֵב לָנוּ Ps 60:3 = take us back into power.

2. a. figurative restore, refresh, 3 masculine singular נַפְשִׁי יְשׁוֺבֵב Ps 23:3 (׳י subject); compare Hiph`il 2 b. b. restore, repair, Participle מְשׁוֺבֵב נְתִיבוֺח לָשָׁ֑בֶת Isa 58:12.

3. lead away (enticingly), Perfect 1 singular suffix (of Gog), ׳י subject, וְשׁוֺבַבְתִּיךָ Ezek 38:4 (strike out Co), ׳וְשׁ Ezek 39:2 so figurative 3 feminine singular suffix וְדַעְתֵךְ הִיא שׁוֺבְבָ֑תֶךְ Isa 47:10 (of Babylonian ); — Jer 50:6 see

Qal. 4. shew turning = apostatize (compare Hiph`il 8), Perfect 3 feminine singular שׁוֺבְבָה Jer 8:5 (read שׁוֺבֵב, and strike out ירושׁלם, with ᵐ5). — See also שׁוֺבֵב infra. Pu`lal Participle feminine מְשׁוֺבֶ֫בֶת Ezek 38:8 a land restored + מִן of thing. — See also שׁוֺבָב infra.

Hiph`il₃₅₃ Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 41:13 +; suffix וַהֲשִׁיבְֱ Gen 40:13, וֶהֱשִׁיבְךָ Deut 28:68 2 masculine singular הֱשִׁיבוֺתָ Ps 85:4, וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֫ Deut 4:39; Deut 30:1, suffix וַהֲשֵׁיבוֺתָם 2Chr 6:25 1 singular consecutive וַהֲשִׁיב֫וֺתִי Amos 1:8, וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֫י Num 22:8 +, suffix וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים Zech 10:6 (but read וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים, see ישׁב Hiph`il), etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשִׁיב Exod 21:34 +, (read יָשִׁב Dan 11:18; Dan 11:19 > Qr vDan 11:18 יָשֵׂם), וַיָּ֫שֶׁב Gen 20:14 +; suffix יְשִׁבֵנִי 2Sam 15:8 +, וַיְשִׁיבֵם 2Chr 19:4 + 1Sam 12:8 Vrss We Dr and others; 3 feminine plural תָּשֵׁבְנָה Job 20:10, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָשֵׁב Gen 20:7 +, הָשֵׁיב 2Kgs 8:6, הָשַׁ֑ב Isa 42:22, so הָשַׁ֖ב Ezek 21:35 (see Ke and still Toy; Ew Sm Krae Infinitive absolute הָשֵׁב), הָשִׁיבָה Judg 11:13 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָשֵׁב Exod 23:4 +; construct הָשִׁיב Gen 42:35 +, etc.; Participle מֵשִׁיב Gen 20:7 +, etc.; — cause to return, bring back:

1. a. with accusative of person + אֶל location Gen 24:5 (J; הֶהָשֵׁב אָשִׁיב), Gen 28:15 (J), Gen 42:37 (E), Gen 48:21 (E), +; especially from exile 1Kgs 8:34 = 2Chr 6:25; Jer 27:22 + 5 t. Jeremiah; + אֶל person 1Kgs 22:26 = 2Chr 18:25 + עַל location Jer 16:15; Jer 23:3; Jer 24:6 + ל location Jer 12:15 + accusative of location 2Sam 15:8 (read הָשֵׁב יְשִׁבֵנִי Vrss Th We Dr and others), Deut 28:68; Ezek 29:14; Ezek 47:6; 2Chr 33:13, etc.; + מִן local Jer 41:16; Zech 10:10, מֵאֵת person Jer 41:16, מִן infinitive 2Chr 25:13 accusative of person only Judg 19:3; 1Kgs 13:20; 1Kgs 13:23 +; bring back into bondage, etc., Jer 34:11; Jer 34:16 = allow to return Jer 15:19 accusative of person + of thing (= recover, recapture), Jer 28:6 (+ אֶל location, מִן local); = recover, rescue, Gen 14:16 (accusative of person + thing), Ps 35:17 (accusative נַפְשִׁי, מִן of thing); accusative of thing + אֶל person Gen 44:8 (J), + עַל person Exod 15:9 (song), Prov 20:26 + אֶל location 1Kgs 14:28 = 2Chr 12:11; Jer 28:3; 2Chr 24:11 accusative of hand, אֶלפֶּֿה 1Sam 14:27; Prov 19:24; Prov 26:15 especially of ׳י's hand, in judgment, followed by עַל Amos 1:8; Isa 1:25; Zech 13:7; Ps 81:15, also of man's hand Jer 6:9; Ezek 38:12 + accusative of location 2Sam 15:25; 2Sam 15:29 + שָׁם Neh 13:9 accusative of thing alone Gen 43:12; Gen 43:21 (both בְּיֶדְכֶם), Gen 14:16 (= recapture), 1Sam 6:21; 1Sam 30:19; 1Kgs 13:29 (corpse), Lev 26:26 (H); with accusative animal. 1Sam 6:7 (מֵאַחֲרֵי), Ezek 34:4; Ezek 34:16 (figurative); shadow on dial 2Kgs 20:11 = Isa 38:8. — Job 39:12 see Qal 3 b. b. put back: accusative of thing, stone, עַלפִּֿי הַבְּאֵר Gen 29:3 (J), veil עַלפָּֿנָיו Exod 34:35 (P), Dagon לִמְקוֺמוֺ 1Sam 5:3, rod לִפְנֵי הָעֵדוּת Num 17:25 (P), sword, + אֶל of sheath, 1Chr 21:27; Ezek 21:35 (accusative om); hand אֶלחֵֿיק Exod 4:7 (twice in verse) (J; opposed to הוֺצִיא).
c. = draw back, hand Gen 38:29 (J), 1Kgs 13:4 (opposed to שָׁלַךְ; + אֶל reflexive), Josh 8:26 (E; opposed to נטה), so, figurative, ׳י subject Lam 2:3 (מִפְּנֵי, אָחוֺר), Ps 74:11 with מִן = refrain from Lam 2:8; Ezek 18:8; Ezek 18:17 (i.e. from oppressing), Ezek 20:22 (מִן omitted); foot, with מִן Isa 58:13 (figurative); draw in breath Job 9:18.
d. = give back, restore, accusative of person or thing: + ל person Gen 20:14 (E), vGen 20:7 (E; accusative omitted), Exod 23:4 (E; הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיב), Deut 22:1 (id.; both accusative animal.), Deut 24:13 (id.), Exod 22:25 (E), Judg 17:3 (twice in verse); Judg 17:4; 1Sam 12:3; 2Sam 9:7; Deut 22:2 (P), Neh 5:11, so 2Sam 16:3; 1Kgs 12:21 = 2Chr 11:1 (all accusative of kingdom), with accusative צְדָקָה Job 33:26 + אֶל person Gen 37:22 (E; accusative of person); + אֶל location Gen 42:25 (E); accusative of thing only, 2Kgs 8:6; Ezek 18:7 (read Infinitive absolute שׁוֺב for חוֺב, Co Toy Krae), Ezek 18:12; Ezek 33:15; Lev 5:33 (P), Num 5:7 (P; + בְּראֹשׁוֺ = in full), Ps 69:5 (opposed to גָּזַל), so of land (or city) Judg 11:13; 1Kgs 20:34; Neh 5:12, compare 2Kgs 14:28 (+ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל), 2Kgs 16:6 (+ לַאֲרָם); = win back 2Kgs 13:25; 2Kgs 14:22 (+ ל terr.) = 2Chr 26:2, boundary (i.e. re-establish it) 2Kgs 14:25 restore ruined city Dan 9:25 (+ לִבְנוֺת), conquered nation Ps 80:4; Ps 80:8; Ps 80:20 joy, accusative + ל person Ps 51:14. — 2Sam 8:3 see יָד

2. — Acc. person only, Gen 20:7 (E), Isa 42:22 restore to office, accusative of person + עַל Gen 40:13; Gen 40:21 (E), אֶל location 2Sam 19:12, accusative of person only, 2Sam 19:11; 2Sam 19:13; 2Sam 19:44, compare Isa 1:26 = pay back money, Lev 25:27 (ל person), vLev 25:51 vLev 25:52.
e. = relinquish, with accusative of thing, Job 20:10. feminine = give in payment, requital, with accusative of thing + apposition 1Sam 6:8 (ל person), v1Sam 6:17 (id.; compare טְחוֺד); also pay as tribute (in answer to demand), accusative of thing 2Kgs 17:3; Ps 72:10, + ל person 2Kgs 3:4; 2Chr 27:5 give in exchange Ezek 27:15.
g. bring one back (from dead) 2Sam 12:23, so with מִנִּי Job 33:20 on other hand, אֶלעָֿפָר Job 10:9 = מָוֶת (accusative) Job 30:23, compare עַדדַּֿכָּא Ps 90:3.

2. a. bring back heart, לֵב, עַל person Mal 3:24 אֵלֶיךָ ׳הֲשִׁיבֵנוּ י Lam 5:21 (< Bu retore, strike out אליד); ׳הֵשִׁיב אֶליֿ Neh 9:26 (compare vNeh 9:29), 2Chr 19:4; 2Chr 24:19, also (מִן of evil) Jer 23:22, absolute Jer 31:18.
b. accusative נֶפֶשׁ = refresh Lam 1:11; Lam 1:16; Lam 1:19; Ps 19:8; Prov 25:13; Ruth 4:15.

3. bring back words of people, ׳אֶליֿ Exod 19:8 (E); then, in general, bring back word, דָּבָר, report to, + accusative of person Gen 37:14; Num 13:26; Num 22:8 (all E), Deut 1:22; Deut 1:25; Josh 14:7 (R^D), Josh 22:32 (P), + 8 t; = answer 1Sam 17:30; 2Sam 3:11; 1Kgs 12:6 = 2Chr 10:6 + 6 t., + (accusative מִלִּין) Job 35:4 also (דָּבָר omitted) Job 13:22; Job 20:2; Job 33:5; Job 33:32; 2Chr 10:16; Neh 6:4 (כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה); accusative אֲמָרִים + ל person Judg 5:29; Prov 22:21 later with ל person alone 1Sam 12:3 with clause oratio recta [direct speech], אֶל person Esth 4:13; Esth 4:15 similar phrases, Ezek 9:11; Prov 18:13; Prov 24:26; Prov 26:16; Hab 2:1; Job 31:14; Job 32:14 (Gi vJob 32:15), Job 40:4.

4. a. bring back (in retribution, compare Qal 7 f) upon, subject often ׳י, accusative of evil, Judg 9:56, בְּראֹשׁ Judg 9:5; 1Sam 25:39; 1Kgs 2:44 Joel 1Kgs 4:4; 1Kgs 4:7, עַלרֿאֹשׁ 1Kgs 2:32, אֶלרֿאֹשׁ Neh 3:36 ל person Gen 50:15 (E), 1Sam 6:3 (הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיבוּ), v1Sam 6:4; 1Sam 25:31 (return evil for good), +, etc.; absolute = make requital, ל person 2Chr 6:23 + (כ compare) Hos 12:3; Prov 24:12; Prov 24:29 with accusative of good, ל person 2Sam 16:12; 2Sam 26:23; with כ compare + ל person Ps 18:21; Ps 18:25 = 2Sam 22:21; 2Sam 22:25, and (כ compare only) 2Chr 32:25 requite ׳י's benefits, accusative of thing + ׳לי Ps 116:12, compare Num 18:9 (P).
b. pay as recompense, לִבְעָלָיו ׳כֶּסֶף יָשׁ Exod 21:34 (E); so (figurative) of ׳י, ננָקָם לְ ׳הֵשׁ Deut 32:41; Deut 32:43, בְּחֵמָה אַפּוֺ ׳לְהָשׁ Isa 66:15.

5. turn back, backward = repel, defeat, with אֶתפְּֿנֵי 2Kgs 18:24 = Isa 36:9, accusative מִלְחָמָה Isa 28:6, accusative of sword Ps 89:44, accusative of person + אָחוֺר Ps 44:11 (+ מִנִּי person), Isa 44:25 (figurative, = refute, confute), figurative of calamity Lam 1:13 = repulse, hinder Jer 2:24, especially accusative Isa 14:27 (׳יַדיֿ), compare Isa 43:13, Job 9:12; Job 11:10; Job 23:13 = reject, refuse, ׳(אֶתֿ)פְּנֵי פ 1Kgs 2:16; 1Kgs 2:17; 1Kgs 2:20 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; Ps 132:10.

6. a. turn away face, figurative, + מֵעַל of thing Ezek 14:6 accusative of person + מִן Mal 2:6 anger of ׳י (accusative) + מֵעַל person Num 25:11 (P), Prov 24:18, מִן person Jer 18:20; Ezra 10:14 accusative only, Job 9:13; Ps 78:38; Ps 106:23 accusative of human anger Prov 15:1; Prov 29:8.
b. late, turn toward, accusative face, ל location Dan 11:18; Dan 11:19, accusative foot, אֶל of thing Ps 119:59 (figurative).

7. turn against, אֶלאֵֿל, with accusative רוּחֶ֑ךָ Job 15:43.

8. אֶללֵֿבָב ׳הֵשׁ bring back to mind, take into consideration, with accusative Lam 3:21, followed by clause with כִּי Deut 4:39 (compare Dr), object omitted Deut 30:1; 1Kgs 8:47 = 2Chr 6:37; Isa 44:19, + (עַל) Isa 46:8.

9. הֵשִׁיב ׳אֶתשְֿׁבוּת פ Jer 32:44; Jer 33:7; Jer 33:11; Jer 49:6; Lam 2:14; Ezek 39:25 + (Qr Hiph`il, Kt Qal) Jer 33:26; Jer 46:39; Joel 4:1 (see Qal 9).

10. Hiph`il declar., מֵעַל ׳הָשׁ Ezek 14:6 = shew a turning away from your idols (i.e. turn away), compare (מִן) Ezek 18:30, absolute וִחְיוּ ׳הָשׁ vEzek 18:32 of ׳י, מֵחֲרוֺן ׳השׁ אַפֶּ֑ךָ Ps 85:4 (but read probably ׳הֲשִׁיבוֺתה חֲרוֺן א [6 a above]); perhaps in physical sense Jonah 1:13 (אֶל location; We Now that is אֳנִיָּה, etc.).

11. reverse, revoke, accusative (suffix) of thing, i.e. judgment, Amos 1:3; Amos 1:6; Amos 1:9; Amos 1:11; Amos 1:13; Amos 2:1; Amos 2:4; Amos 2:6 blessing Num 23:20 (poem in E), edict Esth 8:5; Esth 8:8.

Hoph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הוּשַׁב Gen 42:28 my money has been returned! compare Participle הַכֶּסֶף הַמּוּשָׁב Gen 43:12 (both J); ׳לי ׳הַמּ Num 5:8 (P) the אָשָׁם which is restored to ׳י; plural מוּשָׁבִים Jer 27:16 the vessels are about to be brought back, with מִן local; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיוּשַׁב אֶתמֿשֶׁה Exod 10:8 (J; compare Ges^{«GKC:121a»§ 121 a, b}) Moses was brought back, with אֶל person

BDB8505 H7726 H7725

I. שׁוֺבָב adjective backturning, recusant, apostate (perhaps for מְשׁוֺבָב, Participle Po`l. Ol^{§ 251 b} Ges^{«GKC:52s»§ 52s} Kö^{i. 454}); — ׳שׁ Isa 57:17 plural שׁוּבוּ בָּנִים שׁוֺבָבִים Jer 3:14; Jer 3:22. — שׁובבים Jer 50:6 Kt < Qr שׁוֺבְבוּם ᵐ5 Comm., compare √ Po`l.

BDB9995 H7725 H8421

תּוּב verb return (ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew שׁוּב); —

Pe`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְתוּב, with עַל person, of brightness (זִיו) of face Dan 4:33 b, of knowledge v.Dan 4:31 v.Dan 4:33 a. Haph`el Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲתִיב Dan 2:14 3 masculine plural suffix הֲתִיבוּנָא Ezra 5:11 Imperfect 3 masculine plural יַהֲתִיבוּן Ezra 6:5, יְתִיבוּן (K^{§ 33, 2}) Ezra 5:5 Infinitive suffix לַהֲתָבוּתָח Dan 3:16 —

1. restore, accusative of thing Ezra 6:5.

2. return (accusative of answer, etc.) Ezra 5:5; Ezra 5:11; Dan 3:16 (suffix Persian), ׳עֵטָא וּטְעֵם הֲת Dan 2:14.

return, again, returned, turn, back, …

šûb

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again

to return, turn back

(Qal)

to turn back, return

to turn back

to turn back (from God), apostatise

to bring back

to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment

וְ יִצְפֹּ֖ר

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִצְפֹּ֖ר

Root word early

Dictionary form: צָפַר · tsaw-PAHR

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and depart early

and depart early ×1

More options

set out early — General-purpose; fits travel or departure contexts well.

leave at dawn — Emphasizes the early-morning timing specifically.

depart early — Modernized KJV rendering; straightforward and clear.

go at daybreak — Vivid; highlights the break-of-dawn moment.

start out early — Informal; suits narrative prose naturally.

BDB7209 H6852

I. [צָפַר] verb dubious; — Imperfect 3 masculine singular וְיִצְפֹּר מֵהַר הַגִּלְעָד יָשֹׁב Judg 7:3 let him return and (Vrss) let him depart, AV depart early (as Ki, from Aramaic צפרא, morning, improbable), wholly uncertain; Gr וְיַעֲבִר; on difficulty of ׳מֵהַר הַגּ see גִּלְעָד

2. and GFM, who conjectures וְיִצְרְפֵם גִּדְעֹן and so Gideson put them to test (compare vJudg 7:4), so Bu Now (compare Dr^{Hast. ii. 176} n).

early

ṣāpar

to skip about, i.e., return

(Qal) to go early, depart early

meaning dubious

מֵ הַ֣ר

מֵ

Prefix — preposition from, out of

הַ֣ר

Root word mount, mountains, mountain, hill, hills, …

Dictionary form: הַר · hahr

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: from mount

the mountains ×63 mount ×45 mountain ×38 in mount ×37 of the mountains ×27 the mount ×26 in the mount ×18 the mountain ×15

More options

mountain — Most common, neutral rendering for a single peak.

mountains — Use for plural or collective/range references.

hill country — Fits lower, inhabited highlands; regional sense.

highlands — Broader geographical region; good for narrative context.

hill — When the peak is modest or context implies smaller elevation.

range — When referring to an extended chain of peaks.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

יהוה_{c. 6823} i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺה^C518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה₃₀₅ (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philo^{de Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529}), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö^{§ 88}). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see Lag^{Sym i.14} Baud^{Studien i.179 ff.}; Dr^{Stud.Bib.i.1 ff.} For Jeve see Sta^{ZAW 1881, 346} De^{ib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.}

2. on literature of interpretations see Nes^Eg.67 Dr^{l.c. — Many recent scholars explain} יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, Nes^Eg.88 (but Nes^{Eg.91 inclines to Qal as} RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev} see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RS^{OTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245}, compare We^{Skizzen iii.175}; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, Sta^G.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876}, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ew^infr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Dr^l.c.17)).

**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by Bau^{Rel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230)}; Dl^{Pa 162 ff.} claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kue^{national Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.)} Jastr^{JBL xiil {1894}, 103 f.} compare Hpt^{BAS i. 170 N}; Dl^{Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f.} makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially Hirsch^{ZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff.} Zim^{KATS. 465 ff.}; Spiegelb^{ZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff.} proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in Kö^{EB NAMES, § 112 and n.3}. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to Schw^{ThLZ, 1905, col. 612}.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare Ew^{BTh ii. 337, 338} RS^{l.c., Proph. 385 ff.} Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc Lag^{Psalt.Hieron.156}); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich We^JD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI¹⁸. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b Dl^{Pa 158 ff.} Dr^{Stud. Bib. i. 7 ff}.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D²); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D² 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D² 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by R^P as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.

2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.

3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — Bonk^{ZAW 1891, 126 ff.} seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2139 H2022

[הוֺר], assumed by Thes and others as ancient form for הַר mountain, to explain הוֺרַי Gen 49:26, read הוֺרֵיעָֿד; but better הַרֲרֵיעַֿד everlasting mountains, see הַר below הרר.

BDB2240 H2022 H2042

הַר₅₅₈ noun masculine^{Gen 7:19} mountain, hill, hill-country (Late Hebrew id., plural הָרִים, הֲרָרִים; Phoenician הר CIS^{i. 3, 17}; Sabean suffix הרתהמו DHM^{ZMG 1876, 673}); — ׳ה absolute Josh 17:18 +; with article הָהָר Exod 3:12 +; with ָ ה locative הֶ֫רָה Gen 14:10, הָהָ֫רָה Gen 12:8 + 12 t.; construct הַר Gen 10:30 +; suffix הַרֲרִי Ps 30:8, הֲרָרִי Jer 17:3 הַרְכֶם Ps 11:1 הַרֲרָם Gen 14:6 plural הָרִים Deut 11:11 +; with article הֶהָרִים Gen 7:19 +; construct הָרֵי Gen 8:4 + 27 t.; הַרֲרֵי Deut 33:15 + 8 t. (all poetry); suffix הָרַי Isa 14:25; Isa 49:11; Zech 14:5 + Ezek 38:21 (B Co חרדה), הָרָ֑י Isa 65:9 הָרָיו Ezek 35:8; Mal 1:3 הֲרָרֶיהָ Deut 8:9 —

1. mountain, hill (these often not sharply distinguished, but):
a. specifically mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature; — e. g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) Exod 19:11; Exod 19:18; Exod 19:20; Exod 19:23; Exod 24:16; Exod 31:18; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:4; Exod 34:29; Exod 34:32; Lev 7:38; Lev 25:1; Lev 26:46; Lev 27:34; Num 3:1; Num 28:6; Neh 9:13 (see סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., Exod 19:2 + 10 t. Exod 19 (Exod 19:18 read הָעָם, so Manuscripts ᵐ5 Di) Exod 20:18; Exod 24:4 + 6 t. Exod 24; Exod 25:40; Exod 26:30; Exod 27:8; Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15; Exod 32:19; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:3 (twice in verse); Exod 34:29 = הֵר חוֺרֵב Exod 33:6 (see חֹרֵב), also אֶלהַֿר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה Exod 3:1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1Kgs 19:8 further הָהָר = id., Deut 4:11 (twice in verse); Deut 5:4; Deut 5:5; Deut 5:19; Deut 5:20; Deut 9:9 + 10 t. Deut 9. 10, 1Kgs 19:11 = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13 (all J E) = הַר יחוה Num 10:33 (compare Di); see further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) Num 20:22 + 10 t. Numbers; Deut 32:50 = חָחָר Num 20:28 (twice in verse); הַר נְבוֺ Deut 32:49; Deut 34:1 = הָהָר Deut 32:50 = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה Num 27:12; Deut 32:49, compare (לִפְנֵי נְבוֺ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים Num 33:47; Num 33:48 הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim Deut 11:29; Deut 27:12; Josh 8:33 ראֹשׁ הַרגְּֿרִזִּים Judg 9:7 הַר עֵֹיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal Deut 11:29; Deut 27:4; Deut 24:13; Josh 8:30; Josh 8:33 also הַר חֶרְמוֺן Mt. Hermon Deut 3:8; Josh 11:17; Josh 12:1; Josh 12:5; Josh 13:5; Josh 13:11; 1Chr 5:23 compare Deut 4:48 הַר שִׂיאֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֺן (see חֶרְמוֺן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֺן (see id., & בעל חרמון below בעל); הַר חַלְּבָנוֺן Mt. Lebanon Judg 3:3, compare מְרוֺם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֺן 2Kgs 19:23 = Isa 37:24 (see לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1Kgs 18:19; 1Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 2:25; 2Kgs 4:25 (see כרמל); הָהָר = id., 2Kgs 4:27, apparently also 2Kgs 1:9 הַר תָּבוֺר Mt. Tabor, Judg 4:6; Judg 4:12; Judg 4:14, compare Jer 46:18 תָּבוֺר בֶּהָרִים (opposed to כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1Sam 31:1; 1Sam 31:8; 2Sam 1:6, also (poetry) ׳הָרֵי בַּגּ v2Sam 1:21 (compare Dr); הַרחֶֿרֶס Judg 1:35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) compare חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zech 14:4 (twice in verse) Mount of Olives, (opposed to גֵּיא) compare הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ezek 11:23 also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַלפְּֿנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1Kgs 11:7 (place of Solomon's idolatry) = הַרהַֿמַּשְׁחִית 2Kgs 23:13 mountain of the destroyer (same combination in another, figurative sense Jer 51:25), others derive ׳הַמ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talmud, Shabb. 56 b), compare Hoffm^{ZAW 1882, 175}; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah Gen 22:2 mountains about Jerusalem in general, יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ Ps 125:2 compare also Ps 121:1 (|| יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerusalem Isa 22:5 of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mic 3:12 = Jer 26:18 ׳הַר בֵּיתיֿ Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1; 2Chr 33:15 also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Jer 17:3 further הַר צִיּוֺן Mt. Zion Isa 4:5; Isa 8:18; Isa 10:12; Isa 18:7; Isa 24:23; Isa 29:8; Isa 31:4; Isa 37:32; Mic 4:7; Lam 5:18; Obad 1:17. Joel 3:5; Ps 48:3; Ps 48:12; Ps 74:2; Ps 78:68; Ps 125:1 (see also צִיּוֺן); compare הַר בַּ֯יתצִֿיּוֺן Isa 10:32, ׳הַר בַּת צ Isa 16:1 ׳הַריֿ Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2; Isa 30:29; Ps 24:3 (id. of Horeb Num 10:33 J E); צְבָאוֺת ׳הַריֿ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zech 8:3, הַרקָֿדְשִׁי Zeph 3:11; Obad 1:16; Ezek 20:40; Isa 11:9 = Isa 65:25, compare Isa 56:7; Isa 57:13; Isa 65:11; Joel 2:1 (|| צִיּוֺן) Joel 4:17 (|| id.) Ps 2:6 (|| id.) Ps 3:5; Ps 15:1; Ps 43:3; Ps 48:2 see further הַרקָֿדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Isa 66:20 compare Dan 9:16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Isa 27:13 also הַר צְבִיקֹֿדֶשׁ Dan 11:45 הַרהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ Jer 31:23 even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dan 9:20 other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳א Ps 68:17, & הַר מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 17:23; Ezek 20:40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ezek 28:14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים vEzek 28:16 (הַראֱֿלֹהִים Ps 68:16 is general, a God's mountain, i.e. a majestic mountain, likewise in simile כְּהַרֲרֵיאֵֿל מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Ps 36:7); — הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13; 1Kgs 19:8 (see above). Note particular הַרמֿוֺעֵד Isa 14:13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, see especially Che De Di, Dl^{Pa 117 ff.} COT^{on the passage} Jr^{57 ff.} Jen^{Kosmologie 23.} Upon the mountain is עָלהָֿהָר compare וַתֵּבְךְּ עַלבְּֿתוּלָיהָ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Judg 11:38, & the peculiar phrase וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַלֿ הֶהָרִים vJudg 11:37 go up upon עָלָה אָלֿ Exod 19:23; Exod 24:13; Exod 34:4 (all J E); compare accusative in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר Num 20:25 speak with one upon is דבר בהר Exod 31:18; Exod 34:32; Num 3:1 (all P), Lev 25:1 (H), compare command, give commands, law, etc., בהר Lev 7:38; Lev 26:46; Lev 27:34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (literally in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mountains) Exod 34:3 בְּכָל (JE) Exod 25:40; Exod 26:30; Exod 27:8; Num 28:6 (all P), Isa 13:4 but בְּחֹרֵב Ps 106:19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר Num 33:37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mountain is יָרַד מִןהָֿהָר Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15 (both J E) Exod 34:29 (twice in verse) (both P), compare Judg 9:36 etc.
b. mountain-range הַרבָּֿשָׁן Ps 68:16 (twice in verse) = הַראֱֿלֹהִים vPs 68:16 = הַרגַּֿבְנֻנִּים vPs 68:16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים vPs 68:17 (of the Jebel Hauran: see בשׁן).
c. mountain, indefinite, Job 14:18 (|| צוּר); usually plural mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poetry & the higher style; often figurative; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood Gen 7:20 compare vGen 7:19; Gen 8:5 covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) Ps 104:6 a chief work of God (in creation) Amos 4:13; Ps 65:7; Ps 90:2; Prov 8:25 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); weighed by God Isa 40:12 removed and overturned in anger of God Job 9:5 compare Ps 46:3; Ps 46:4 devastated by God Isa 42:15 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 9:9 smoking at God's touch Ps 104:32; Ps 144:5 melting at presence of ׳י Judg 5:5; Mic 1:4; Ps 97:5; Isa 63:19; Isa 64:2 trembling Isa 5:25 compare Jer 4:24 (|| גְּבָעוֺת), Nah 1:5 (|| id.), Hab 3:10 called to witness Yahweh's dealings with his people Mic 6:2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) compare vMic 6:1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת), entreated to cover the guilty Hos 10:8 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); addressed by ׳י also Ezek 6:3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת, opposed to אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֺת); specifically, mountains of Israel summoned to hear ׳י and addressed by him Ezek 36:1 (twice in verse); Ezek 36:4; Ezek 36:8; Ezek 37:22; Ezek 38:8; Ezek 39:2; Ezek 39:4 summoned to praise ׳י Ps 148:9 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Isa 44:23; Isa 49:13; Isa 55:12 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); leaping in praise of ׳י Ps 114:4; Ps 114:6 (both || גְּבָעוֺת); הַרֲרֵיקֶֿדֶם Deut 33:15 (|| גִּבְעוֺת עוֺלָם); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד Hab 3:6 (|| id.); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד also Ps 76:5 (according to ᵐ5 Bi Che; ᵑ0 has טֶרֶף for עַד), and probably Gen 49:26 for ᵑ0 הוֺרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֺלָם) compare Di.
d. high mountain הַר גָּבֹהַּ Isa 30:25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) compare Isa 40:9; Isa 52:7 הַר גָּכֹהַּ מְאֹד Ezek 40:2 הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ezek 17:22 plural הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים Gen 7:19; Ps 104:18 (|| סְלָעִים), הָרָמִים ׳הֶה Isa 2:14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת הַנִּשָּׂאוֺת), compare הֶהָרִים Ezek 38:20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֺת, חוֺמָה).
e. opposite valley or plain Josh 12:8 (D; opposed to מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֺת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), compare Deut 1:7, also Jer 17:26 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה); Gen 19:17 (J; opposed to כִּכָּר); often opposed to גַּיְא 2Kgs 2:16; Ezek 31:12 (figurative) Ezek 32:5 (id.) Ezek 35:8 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezek 36:4 (|| id.), Isa 40:4 (|| id.), opposed to בִּקְעָה Deut 8:7; Deut 11:11; Ps 104:8 opposed to מִדְבָּר Lam 4:19 (compare Josh 12:8 above); בֵּין הָרִים Ps 104:10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים; see also וְלֹאאֱֿלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים ׳אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י 1Kgs 20:28, compare v1Kgs 20:23 (opposed to מִישׁוֺר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Josh 13:19 (P), & גֵּיאהָֿרַי, גֵּיהָֿרִים Zech 14:5 (twice in verse); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים Ps 75:7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most modern (Baer מִדְבָּר but compare De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה Gen 14:10. feminine mountains as hiding-places: — הַמִּנְהָרוֺת אֲוֶר בֶּהָרִים Judg 6:2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mountains; compare Ps 11:1; Jer 16:16 (|| גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Job 28:9 (of mining), see also Deut 8:9.
g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1Chr 12:8 of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Song 4:8 hunting-ground for partridges 1Sam 26:20 עוֺף הָרִים Ps 50:11 compare Ps 11:1 (figurative); wandering-place of lost sheep (figurative) Nah 3:18; 1Kgs 22:17; Jer 50:6 compare vJer 50:6 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezek 34:6 (|| כָּלגִּֿבְעָה רָמָה) 2Chr 18:16.
h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֺת בְּהַרֲרֵיאָֿ֑לֶףPs 50:10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), compare יְתוּר הָרִים Job 39:8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera lectio) בּוּל הָרִים Job 40:20, i.e. mountains as furnishing food for hippopotamus; see further Song 4:6; Song 8:14; Prov 27:25.
i. as place of field and vineyards 2Chr 26:10 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֺר) Isa 7:25 see also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר Ps 147:8 compare Hag 1:11 figurative Ps 72:3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֺת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב Joel 4:18 compare Amos 9:13
j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Ps 83:15.
k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Isa 34:3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1Sam 17:3 (twice in verse).

1. as places of illicit worship Isa 65:7 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 3:6 & apparently vJer 3:25 (|| id.) so הַרגָּֿבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Isa 57:7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים Deut 12:2 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); but Ezek 18:6; Ezek 18:15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים compare RS^{K 310} & Ezek 33:25. masculine in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1Sam 23:26 (twice in verse); 2Sam 13:34 side of the mountain, צֵלַע הָהָר 2Sam 16:13 id.; מֹץ הָרִים Isa 17:13 chaff of mountains; זֶרֶם הָרִים Job 24:8 mountain-shower; צֵל הֶהָרִים Judg 9:36 shadow of the mountains; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zech 6:1 top of mountain usually ראֹשׁ הָהָר Num 14:40; Num 14:44; 1Sam 26:13; 2Kgs 1:9 as place for beacon Isa 30:17 (|| גִּבְעָה), (compare הַרנִֿשְׁפֶּה Isa 13:2 & נְשׂאֹנֵֿס הָרִים Isa 18:3), ראֹשׁ הֶהָרִים Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1, ראֹשׁ הָרִים Isa 42:11 (|| סֶלַע as dwelling-place) see also Ps 72:16 רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים Gen 8:5 as lurking-places for ambuscade Judg 9:25; Judg 9:36, placesfor altars Ezek 6:13 (|| גִּבְעָה רָמָה), for sacrifice Hos 4:13 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); ראֹשׁ הָהָר Josh 15:8 = mountain-ridge, compare vJosh 15:9; Judg 16:3 תּוֺעֲפוֺת הָרִים Ps 95:4 foundations of mountains מוֺסְדֵי הָרִים Deut 32:22; Ps 18:8 (|| מוֺסְדוֺת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2Sam 22:8); compare לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jonah 2:7. noun in figure uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֺת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Isa 41:15 figurative of Israel's overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַלהָֿרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Jer 13:16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Isa 54:10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh's kindness (|| גְּבָעוֺת); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Jer 51:25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה vJer 51:25 figurative of Babylon.

2. hill-country, mountain-region,
a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר Num 13:17; Num 13:29 (of promised land; opposed to אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַדהַֿיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֺף הַיָּם Deut 1:7 בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנְַּרוֺת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֺת דּוֺר מִיָּם Josh 11:2 בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֺת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב Josh 12:8 compare Josh 9:1; Josh 10:40; Judg 1:9 הָהָר indefinite (the hill-country, the mountains, in general) 2Chr 2:1 (place for hewing wood) so v.2Chr 2:17; Neh 8:15 (place for cutting boughs), etc.
b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי Deut 1:7 (compare vDeut 1:7) vDeut 1:19 (compare vDeut 1:24), also Josh 10:6 of Amalekites Judg 12:15 of Ephraim Josh 17:15; Josh 19:50; Josh 20:7; Josh 21:21; Josh 24:30; Josh 24:33; Judg 3:27; Judg 4:5; Judg 7:24; Judg 9:48; Judg 17:1 + 6 t. Judg 17; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:4; 1Sam 14:22; 2Sam 20:21; 1Kgs 4:8; 1Kgs 12:25; 2Kgs 5:22; 1Chr 6:52; 2Chr 13:4; 2Chr 15:8; 2Chr 19:4; Jer 4:15; Jer 31:6 Ephraim and Gilead Jer 50:19 (compare also (ה)הר Josh 17:16; Josh 17:18; Judg 3:27); of Israel Josh 11:16; Josh 11:21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 6:2; Ezek 19:9; Ezek 33:28; Ezek 34:13; Ezek 35:12 הָרֵי מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 17:23; Ezek 20:40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי) Ezek 34:14 עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country Deut 2:37 (of Ammonites), Jer 32:44; Jer 33:13 hill-country of Judah Josh 11:21; Josh 15:48; Josh 18:12; Josh 20:7; Josh 21:11; 2Chr 21:11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 2Chr 27:4 abode of Jebusites Josh 11:3.

הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרִי, הַרֲרָם, הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרֶיהָ see הר.

mount, mountains, mountain, hill, hills, …

har

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

hill, mountain, hill country, mount

הַ גִּלְעָ֑ד

הַ

Prefix — article the

גִּלְעָ֑ד

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Gilead")

Dictionary form: גִּלְעָד · ɡil-AWD

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: gilead

of gilead ×50 gilead ×25 in gilead ×10 and gilead ×6 to gilead ×2 and gileads ×1 and the gileadites ×1 are in gilead ×1

More options

Gilead — Standard proper name for the region; use in most contexts.

the region of Gilead — Clarifies geographic scope when context is ambiguous.

the territory of Gilead — Formal; suits legal or boundary-description passages.

Gileadite — For the gentillic/ethnic sense referring to inhabitants.

the hill country of Gilead — Highlights topographic character when landscape is in view.

Ramoth-gilead — Retain compound form when the city specifically is meant.

BDB1670 H1568

גִּלְעָד proper name, of a location of mountain-range or hill-country, land & city, east of Jordan (compare Arabic durus, fortis Frey, so Thes; Hi^{Geschichte. Israel 26} compare same √ used of camel ( camelus robustus ac firmus, compare Hom^{NS 144}), whence camel hump, originally name of mountain) — ׳ג Gen 37:25 + 79 t. (mostly as proper name, masculine and in combination with other proper name, of a location compare below); ׳הַגּ Gen 31:21 + 50 t. (so usually as name of mountain and land); גִּלְעָ֫דָה Num 32:39; 1Chr 27:21 הִגְּלְעָ֫דָה 2Sam 24:6 — Gilead, used of territory between the Arnon and the Jabbok, modern Bel‡a; also of that between the Jabbok and the Jarmuk, modern Jebel Ajlûn; also of the entire east Jordan land occupied by Israel, including both the parts just named (compare Di Gen 31:54 Stu Judg 10:4 Bd^{Pal 178}; also L. Oliphant^{Land of Gilead, 1880}); —

1. territory south of Jabbok,
a. ׳אֶרֶץ הַגּ Num 32:29 (P), ׳אֶרֶץ ג vNum 32:1 (JE), both connected with Reuben and Gad; so ׳חֲצִי הַר הַגּ Deut 3:12 ׳אֶרֶץ ג also 1Chr 5:9 (of Reuben); 1Kgs 4:19 (of Sihon and Og); compare ׳אֶרֶץ גַּד וְג 1Sam 13:7 further,
b. ׳הַגּ alone, Judg 10:17 (or possibly here name of city ?), Judg 11:29 (probably); also 1Chr 5:10 (of Reuben) v1Chr 5:16 (of Gad); compare חֲצִי וְעַד יַבֹּק ׳הַגּ Josh 12:2 (of Sihon), so vJosh 12:5 (both D);
c. similarly ׳ג alone (without article) in poetry Ps 60:9 (|| Manasseh) = Ps 108:9 but also in prose in phrases ׳שָׂרֵי ג Judg 10:18, ׳ישְׁבֵי ג vJudg 10:18; Judg 11:8, ׳זִקְנֵי ג Judg 11:5; Judg 11:7; Judg 11:8; Judg 11:9; Judg 11:10; Judg 11:11, ׳אַנְשֵׁי ג Judg 12:4 (twice in verse); Judg 12:5 compare also
d. עָרֵי ׳הַגּ Num 32:26 (J E; of Reuben and Gad); so of Jephthah's burial-place Judg 12:7 even כָּלעָֿרֵי ׳הַגּ Josh 13:25 (P; of Gad); besides these, or particular cities, especially ׳רָאמֹת בַּגּ Deut 4:43 (of Gad); compare ׳רָאמוֺת בַּגּ Josh 20:8 (P), 1Chr 6:65 (of Gad), and ׳רָמֹת בַּגּ Josh 21:38 (P); usually ׳רָמֹת ג 1Kgs 4:13; 1Kgs 22:3; 1Kgs 22:4; 1Kgs 22:6; 1Kgs 22:12; 1Kgs 22:15; 1Kgs 22:20; 1Kgs 22:29 = 2Chr 18:2; 2Chr 18:3; 2Chr 18:5; 2Chr 18:11; 2Chr 18:14; 2Chr 18:19; 2Chr 18:28; 2Kgs 8:28; 2Kgs 9:1; 2Kgs 9:4; 2Kgs 9:14; 2Chr 22:5 also ׳מִצְפֵּה ג Judg 11:29 (twice in verse); further ׳יַעְזֵיר ג 1Chr 26:31.

2. Northern Gilead,
a. ׳אֶרֶץ הַגּ Josh 17:5; Josh 17:6 (J E; of Manasseh) compare Judg 10:4; 1Chr 2:22 (both of Jair); ׳הַר הַגּ Gen 31:21; Gen 31:23; Gen 31:25 (E); probably also ׳הַר ג (no article) Song 4:1 (compare Song 6:5 below).
b. ׳הַגּ alone Num 32:40 (J E; of Machir) Josh 17:1 (J E; id.) compare Josh 13:11 (D) Deut 2:36; 1Kgs 4:13 (of Jair); Deut 3:15; Deut 3:16 (boundary of Reuben and Gad); probably also Song 6:5 (compare Song 4:1 above); compare ׳יֶתֶר הַגּ Deut 3:13 & ׳חֲצִי הַגּ Josh 13:31 (P; of Machir); הַגִּלְעָ֫דָה 2Sam 24:6 (probably); compare also
c. ׳ג (no article) probably Jer 8:22; Jer 46:11 (in both reference to צֳרִי balm, probably from the wooded Northern Gilead); similarly Jer 22:6 and גִּלְעָ֫דָה 1Chr 27:21 also Num 32:39 (J E; of Machir).
d. in combination ׳יָבֵשׁ ג (city) Judg 21:8; Judg 21:9; Judg 21:10; Judg 21:12; Judg 21:14; 1Sam 11:1; 1Sam 11:9 (|| יָבֵשׁ alone) 1Sam 31:11 (|| id.) = 1Chr 10:11; 2Sam 2:4; 2Sam 2:5; 2Sam 21:12 perhaps also ׳(מִ)תִּשְׁבֵּה ג 1Kgs 17:1 (emendation, after ᵐ5, Ew Th and others see VB); — compare further below

6. proper name, masculine below — Judg 7:3 ׳וְיִצְפֹּר מֵהַר הַגּ and let him depart from Mt. Gilead, apparently belongs here, but מֵהַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ is read by Cler Hi Gr Ke Be; against this compare Stu Bu^{RS 112.}

3. more generally, of all Gilead,
a. ׳אֶרֶץ הַגּ Josh 22:9; Josh 22:13; Josh 22:15; Josh 22:32 (P; of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh; opposed to land of Canaan); compare 2Sam 17:26 so ׳כָּלאֶֿרֶץ הַגּ 2Kgs 10:38.
b. ׳אֶרֶץ ג (no article) Zech 10:10 compare ׳הַר אֶפְרַיִם וְג Jer 50:19 (|| Carmel and Bashan); ׳ג alone, also Gen 37:25 likewise Mic 7:14 (|| Carmel & Bashan, reference to fertility).
c. ׳הַגּ alone, of Israel territory in general east of Jordan, Judg 10:8 compare 2Sam 2:9; 2Kgs 10:33 (of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh); ׳כָּלהַֿגּ Deut 3:10 אֶתכָּֿלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳אֶתהַֿגּ Deut 34:1 ׳הַגּ also in general sense Ezek 47:18; 2Kgs 15:29 (?) Obad 1:19.

4. ׳ג, name of a city Hos 6:8 (& Judg 10:17 ? compare

1. a. above); — on the ruined cities Jil±âd, Jil±aud on the Jebel Jil±âd, north of Es-Sal‰, and south of Jabbo‡ see Di Gen 31:54 & references

5. ׳אֶרֶץ הַגּ of Israelites living east of Jordan (as a whole) Judg 20:1 ׳הַגּ of people of Gilead Amos 1:3; Amos 1:13 so ׳ג Judg 5:17 (= גַּד), Judg 12:4; Judg 12:5 (|| ׳אַנְשֵׁי ג vJudg 12:4 vJudg 12:4 vJudg 12:5) Hos 12:12. compare also גִּלְעָדִי below

6. treated as proper name, masculine a. ׳ג, son of Machir & grandson of Manasseh Num 26:29 (twice in verse); Num 26:30; Num 27:1; Num 36:1; Josh 17:3 (all P) 1Chr 2:21; 1Chr 2:23; 1Chr 7:14; 1Chr 7:17 once ׳הַגּ Josh 17:1 (JE) compare Di; — reference in all these to Northern Gilead.
b. father of Jephthah Judg 11:1; Judg 11:2 — reference to Gad (compare above especially below 5).
c. 1Chr 5:14 (a Gadite).

BDB7813 H7216 H7433 H1568 H7414 H7418 H7432 H3406

רָ(א)מוֺת₂₆ proper name

1. location Heights, Ramôth; —
a. in Gilead, רָמֹת בַּגִּלְעָד Josh 21:38 (Gi; van d. H. Baer vJosh 21:36 P), ׳רָאמוֺת בַּגּ (of Gad) Deut 4:43; 1Chr 6:65, ׳רָאמֹת בַּגּ Josh 20:8 (P), Ραμωθ [Josh 20:8 Αρημωθ] ἐν (Τῇ) Γαλααδ; usually ׳רָמת ג (Ρεμμαθ [Ερεμαθ, Ραμωθ, Ραμα(θ)] Γαλ., etc.) 1Kgs 4:13 + 19 t. Kings Chronicles (see גִּלְעָד 1 d); = II. רָמָה 5, q. v.; site dubious; Onomasticon (Lag^{287. 91}) 15 miles west of Philadelphia [Jerome Ib.¹⁴⁵. 1Kgs 145:31 says E!], hence Di^{Gen 31:54} Buhl^{G. 261 f.} conjectures el-Jal`aud, approximately 17 English miles northwest of Philadelphia, and 3 miles South of Yabbok; Smerrill^{East of Jordan, 284 ff.; Hast. DB. RAMOTH} G. conjectures (on general grounds) Jesrash, approximately 28 miles north of Philadelphia; GASm^{G. 586} some place just south of Yarmuk, compare GACooke in Dr^{Dt Add. xviii f.}, q. v. especially against es-Sal‰ Seetzen and others).
b. רָמוֺתנֶֿגֶב 1Sam 30:27, see רָאׅמַׅת

3.
c. רָאמוֺת, Levitical City in Issachar 1Chr 6:58 (Δαβωρ, ᵐ5^L Ραμωθ), probably = רֶ֫מֶת Josh 19:21 (P; Ρεμμας, A Ραμαθ), and יַרְמוּת 2, Josh 21:29, q. v. p.438 (see also Di^{Josh 19:21}).

2. masculine (וְ)רָמוֺת Ezra 10:29 Qr (Kt ירמות) see יְרֵימוֺת 5 c, p.438.

gilead, gileadites, gileads, ramoth-gilead

gilʿād

rocky region

Gilad, a region East of the Jordan; also the name of three Israelites

(n pr loc) a mountainous region bounded on the west by the Jordan, on the north by Bashan, on the east by the Arabian plateau, and on the south by Moab and Ammon; sometimes called 'Mount Gilead' or the 'land of Gilead' or just 'Gilead'. Divided into north and south Gilead

וַ יָּ֣שָׁב

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יָּ֣שָׁב

Root word return, again, returned, turn, back, …

Dictionary form: שׁוּב · shoob

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and there returned

return ×69 returned ×56 and returned ×24 shall return ×23 again ×22 turn ×21 to return ×16 turn again ×13

More options

return — Most direct modern equivalent; fits most contexts.

turn back — Emphasizes reversal of direction or course.

come back — Informal, relational tone; good for personal or narrative contexts.

restore — Best when the subject brings something back to prior state.

repent — Prefer in theological contexts of moral/spiritual turning.

go back — Stresses departure from current position; informal register.

BDB8502 H7725

שׁוּב₁₀₅₆ verb turn back, return (Late Hebrew id.; Hiph`il in MI^{8 f. 12}; Sabean תֿיב, התֿב, especially requite Os^{ZMG xix (1865), 198} SabDenkm^{No. 20, l. 1} Hom^{Chrest. 122} CIS^{iv. 81, i. 9, etc}.; Arabic return, so Aramaic תּוּב, ); —

Qal₆₈₅ Perfect 3 masculine singular שָׁב Gen 18:33 +, 3 feminine singular שָׁ֫בָה Ruth 1:15 +, וְשָׁבַת consecutive Ezek 46:17 (Ges^{«GKC:72o»§ 72o}, but Co Toy Krae וְשֶׁבָה), 2 masculine singular שַׁבְתָּ Ps 85:2, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשׁוּב Hos 11:5 + often, יָשֻׁב Ps 146:4; Lam 3:3, jussive יָשֹׁב Judg 7:3 +, וַיָּ֫שָׁב Gen 26:18 +; 3 feminine plural תָּשֹׁבְןָ Ezek 16:55 (twice in verse), תְּשֻׁבֶינָה vEzek 16:55, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שׁוּב Gen 31:3 +, שֻׁב Exod 4:19; 1Kgs 18:43, שׁוּ֫בָה Hos 14:2 +, feminine plural שֹׁבְנָה Ruth 1:8; Ruth 1:11; Ruth 1:12, etc.; Infinitive absolute שׁוֺב Gen 8:3 +, construct שׁוּב Exod 4:21 +, שֹׁב Josh 2:16 (Ges^{«GKC:72q»§ 72q}), etc.; Participle שָׁב Gen 43:18 +, feminine singular שָׁבָ֫ה Ruth 1:22 +, etc.; passive construct שׁוּבֵי Mic 2:8 — turn back, return:

1. turn back, with מִן local Judg 3:19; Judg 8:13, compare Judg 7:3, with מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. from following 2Sam 11:15; 1Kgs 19:21; Ruth 1:16, from pursuing 2Sam 2:26; 2Sam 2:30; 1Kgs 22:33 = 2Chr 18:32 with מִן of pursuit 1Sam 17:53; 1Sam 23:28, compare 2Chr 11:4 with אַחֲרֵי person, i.e. so as to follow 1Sam 15:31; 2Sam 23:10 turn back in fear, מִן of thing Job 39:22 (of horse), מִפְּנֵי כֹל Prov 30:30 (of lion), so absolute (of foes) Ps 6:11; Ps 56:10; Ps 70:4, in shame Lam 1:8 turn back and do so and so: Gen 14:7; Exod 14:2, compare Num 33:7 (עַל location, both P), Josh 8:21 (E), Josh 11:10 (J), 1Chr 21:20, followed by infinitive 2Chr 20:27 absolute turn back (face about) Song 7:1 (4 t. in verse) (+ verb); = be repulsed, defeated Ps 9:4; Ps 74:21 figurative turn back, namely, from a promise or a vow Judg 11:35 with מִן of service Num 8:25 (P), i.e. be exempt.

2. return, come or go back, with מֵעַל person 1Sam 17:15 (opposed to הלד), 2Sam 10:14; 2Kgs 18:14, מִן person Josh 10:31 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם), מִן local, especially from foreign land 2Kgs 8:3; 2Chr 10:2; Ruth 1:6; Ruth 1:22; Ruth 2:6; Ruth 4:3; Jer 31:16; Jer 40:12; Jer 43:5; Jer 44:28; Ezra 6:21; Neh 8:17, מֵהַכּוֺת Gen 14:17 (J E ?), 1Sam 17:57; 1Sam 18:6; 2Sam 1:1; 2Sam 8:13, מֵאַחֲרֵי i.e. from pursuing 1Sam 24:2 (Gi v.1Sam 23:1); figurative, מִנִּי חשֶׁךְ ׳לֹא שׁ Job 15:22 (see חשֶׁךְ 3 a); עִבְרוּ זָשׁוּבוּ מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר Exod 32:27 (J), i.e. go back and forth from gate to gate, compare (absolute) participle as substantive עֹבֵר וָשָׁב Zech 7:14; Zech 9:8 and (= all persons) Ezek 35:7 also וַיֵּצֵא יָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Gen 8:7 (J), רָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Ezek 1:14 (strike out Hi Co Toy and others; yet see Krae); Gen 8:3 (J) see הלד 4 c (4).

3. especially return unto:
a. go back, אֶל person Num 23:5; Num 23:16 (JE), 2Kgs 1:6 (|| הָלַךְ, as often), Exod 5:22 (J; ׳אֶליֿ), Exod 32:31 (E; id), Num 17:15 (P), 2Sam 20:22 (+ accusative of location), Jer 46:16 (both + אֶל location), + 17 t.; אֶל location also Gen 21:32; Gen 28:21 (both E), 2Sam 11:4; Hos 5:15 (of ׳י), 2Chr 19:1 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם, + ל person), Esth 2:14 (opposed to בּוֺא), Esth 7:8 (+ מִן local), + 27 t.; of a dog עַלקֵֿאוֺ ׳שׁ Prov 26:11 ל location Gen 18:33 (J), 1Sam 26:25; 1Sam 29:4; 1Kgs 19:15 (+ ה- locative), Gen 33:16 (J; לְדַרְכּוֺ, + id.), Ps 7:8 (of ׳י), + 25 t.; ל person Ruth 1:10 (לְעַמֵךְ); ה- locative also Gen 44:13 (J), Exod 4:20; Exod 4:21 (R), Exod 13:17 (E), + 5 t.; שָׁם (= שָׁ֫מָּה) Jer 22:27 accusative of location also Hos 8:13; Hos 9:3; 1Sam 18:2; 2Sam 3:27; 2Sam 15:27 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם), 2Kgs 2:25 (+ מִן local), + 15 t.; accusative דֶּרֶךָ Ezek 46:9 accusative of person Num 10:36 אַחֲרֵי person Ruth 1:15 absolute 2Sam 3:16; 2Sam 19:16 (+ בּוֺא), 1Kgs 18:43; Jer 40:5 (< strike out ᵐ5 Gie Du), Ezek 7:13b (strike out ᵐ5 Co Krae and others) +; followed by verb, go back and do so and so, Gen 43:2; 1Sam 1:19; 1Sam 29:7 (שׁוּב וְלֵךְ בְּשָׁלוֺם), 1Kgs 13:22; 2Chr 18:16 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם) +, (Jer 42:10 read יָשׁוֺב Vrss and modern); followed by infinitive purpose Judg 14:8; 2Sam 6:20 + 10 t.
b. come back, אֶל person Gen 8:9 (J; + אֶל location), Exod 24:14 (J), 1Sam 23:23 + 2Sam 17:3 (ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr HPS Bu), 1Kgs 12:15 (opposed to הָלַךְ) + 9 t. + (in hostility) Judg 20:48 אֶל location also Zech 8:3 (subject ׳י); Josh 22:32 (P) has מֵאֵת person + מִן local + אֶל location + אֶל person; אֶל of thing Ezek 7:13 עַל person Neh 4:6; Mic 5:2 (be reunited to); עַל location 1Kgs 17:21; 1Kgs 17:22 ל location Josh 1:15 (R), Zech 1:16 (subject ׳י), 2Chr 30:9 + (from exile) 5 t.; ל animal., Job 39:4 ה- locative Gen 15:16 (E), Gen 50:14 (J); accusative of location 2Chr 19:8 שָׁם Jer 20:11 (opposed to יָצָא), שָׁ֫מָּה vJer 20:27, הֵ֫נָּה Jer 31:8 absolute Gen 43:10 (J), 2Sam 10:5; 2Kgs 1:5; Isa 21:12 (|| אָתָה), Job 39:12 (Kt, so Bu Du; of wild ox), + often; + בְּשָׁלוֺם Judg 8:9; 1Kgs 22:28 (שׁוֺב תָּשׁוּב) = 2Chr 18:27; 2Chr 18:26 + verb, come back and do so and so, Deut 1:45; Deut 30:8; Jer 37:8; 1Kgs 19:7; 1Kgs 20:5; 2Kgs 9:36; Ps 60:2 (title), compare Zech 4:1; Dan 11:10, לָשֶׁבֶת ׳שׁ Num 35:32 (P), לָלֶכֶת ׳שׁ Eccl 5:14.

4. a. of dying, אֶלֿ(הֶ)עָפָר ׳שׁ Gen 3:19 (twice in verse) (J), Ps 104:29; Eccl 3:20, עַלעָֿפָר Job 34:15 לְאַדְמָתוֺ ׳שׁ Ps 146:4, compare אָשׁוּב שָׁ֫מָּה (i.e. בֶּטֶן אִמּוֺ) Job 1:21 (see Di Bu, also Eccl 5:14); לִשְׁא֑וֺלָה ׳שׁ Ps 9:18 so probably absolute Ps 90:3 (> come back to life); of (human) dust, עַלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳שׁ Eccl 12:7 breath, אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהַים ׳שׁ vEccl 12:7.
b. of revival from death, לְבֵיתוֺ ׳שׁ Job 7:10, absolute Job 10:21 (opposed to הָלַךְ), Job 16:22 (id.), Prov 2:19 also with אֶל person 2Sam 12:13.

5. figurative of human relations:
a. return to leader, king, אֶל person, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:27 (twice in verse); to divorced wife Jer 3:1 (opposed to הלד).
b. = change so as to approach (in purpose, desire), אֶלֿ person Jer 15:9 (twice in verse).
c. turn, i.e. resort to, ל person Ps 119:79.
d. return to a physical condition Job 33:25 (ל of thing); to a state or course of life, ל of thing Isa 23:17; Ezek 16:55 (3 t. in verse); Neh 9:17; Ps 85:9 עַל of thing Jer 11:10, הֲלוֺם Ps 73:10 (but corrupt); ב Jer 8:6 (Du reads שָׁט for שָׁב).
e. absolute = change course of action; from good to bad, וַיָּשָׁב וַיִּמְרָראבּוֺ 2Kgs 24:1; Jer 34:11; Jer 34:16 bad to good vJer 34:15 so ׳שׁ alone Job 6:29 (twice in verse) (probably; read וְשׁוּבוּ, so Di Da Bu and others; other interpretations De Du and others). feminine passive participle = averse, שׁוּבֵי מִלְחָמָה Mic 2:8 (> We Now שְׁבִי spoil of war).

6. figurative, specifically of spiritual relations:
a. turn back from God, = apostatize, ׳מֵאַחֲרֵי י Num 14:43 (J), 1Sam 15:11; 1Kgs 9:6 (שׁוֺב תְּשֻׁב֫וּן), Jer 3:19; Num 32:15; Josh 22:16; Josh 22:18; Josh 22:23; Josh 22:29 (all P); absolute (usually + verb) Judg 2:19; Judg 8:33; Josh 23:12 (R^D), Jer 8:4; Ps 78:41; 2Chr 7:19.
b. of ׳י, turn away, מֵאַחֲרֵי person Deut 23:15.
c. turn back to God (= seek penitently), ׳אֶליֿ Hos 6:1; Hos 7:10; Hos 14:3; Jer 3:7; 1Kgs 8:33; 1Kgs 8:48 (בְּכָלֿ לֵבָב), + 18 t.; אֶלאֱֿלֹהִים Hos 5:4; Ps 51:15, compare Isa 10:21 ׳עַליֿ 2Chr 15:4; 2Chr 30:9 ׳עַדיֿ Amos 4:6; Amos 4:8; Amos 4:9; Amos 4:10; Amos 4:11; Hos 14:2; Isa 9:12 + 5 t.; עַדשַֿׁדַּי Job 22:23 ׳לי Isa 31:6, נַפְשִׁי ׳שׁ לִמְנוּחָ֑יְכְי Ps 116:7 compare לַבַּעַל Hos 7:16 (for לֹא עָל, Now, compare Marti); לְתוֺכַחְתִּי Prov 1:23 (probably strike out, see Toy).
d. absolute repent, Hos 3:15; Hos 11:5; Isa 6:10; Isa 10:22; Jer 3:7; Jer 3:12; Jer 3:14; Jer 3:22; Jer 4:1; Jer 5:3 + 14 t., + participle as substantive Isa 1:27.
e. turn back from evil, with מִן (especially Jeremiah, Ezekiel) 1Kgs 8:35; 1Kgs 13:33; Jer 15:7; Jer 18:8 + 8 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 3:19; Ezek 13:22 + 12 t. Ezekiel,+ 9 t.; compare שָׁבֵי פֶשַׁע Isa 59:20 שׁוּבוּ וְהָשִׁיבוּ מִן Ezek 18:30, so with מֵעַל Ezek 14:6 from good, with מִן, Ezek 3:20; Ezek 18:24; Ezek 18:26; Ezek 33:18. feminine of ׳י, מֵחֲרוֺן אַפּוֺ ׳שׁ Exod 32:12 (JE), Deut 13:18; Josh 7:26 (J), 2Kgs 23:26; Jonah 3:9 ׳מִמֶּנּוּ אַףיֿ ׳שׁ Hos 14:5; Jer 2:35; Jer 4:8; Num 25:4 (P), 2Chr 12:12; 2Chr 29:10; 2Chr 30:8, so (man's anger) Gen 27:45 (J) and (absolute) vGen 27:44 (E); absolute of ׳אַףיֿ Isa 5:25; Isa 9:11; Isa 9:16; Isa 9:20; Isa 10:4; Isa 12:1; (opposed to יָצָא vJer 23:19), Jer 30:24; Job 14:13; Dan 9:16.
g. of ׳י, return (to shew favour), אֶל person Gen 18:10 (+ infinitive absolute), vGen 18:14; Zech 1:3; Mal 3:7; 2Chr 30:6, absolute Isa 63:17; Ps 80:15 (|| הִבִּיט, פָּקַד), Ps 90:13, + verb Jer 12:15; Ps 6:5; Joel 2:14; Jonah 3:9 also in hostility, + verb Josh 24:20 (E), with infinitive purpose Hos 11:9.
h. of ׳י, turn back from (מִן) judgment Jer 4:28, אֱמֶת Ps 132:11 מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. cease to bless, Jer 32:40.

7. of inanimate things (sometimes personified, or treated as things of life):
a. as perceptibly moving, water Gen 8:3 (J; מֵעַל location), Josh 4:18 (J; ל location), Exod 14:26 (P; עַל person), vExod 14:28 (P; + verb), Ps 104:9 (ל infinitive), sea Exod 14:27 (J; לְאֵיתָנוֺ); wind Ps 78:39 (opposed to הלד), Eccl 1:6 (עַל location); shadow 2Kgs 20:9; 2Kgs 20:10 (+ אֲחֹרַנִּית), || Isa 38:8 (sun on dial), of breath (= revive) Judg 15:19; 1Sam 30:12 (אֶל person); clouds Eccl 12:2 (מִן temporal); rain and snow Isa 55:10 (ה locative); rolling stone Prov 26:27 sword 2Sam 1:22 (מִן of thing), Ezek 21:10, arrow Jer 50:9 of plague-spot = re-appear, Lev 14:43 (P).
b. = be brought back, Gen 43:18 (J), 1Sam 5:11 (ל location), hence be restored, ל person Ezek 46:17, so of kingdom 1Kgs 12:26, city 1Sam 7:14 (Ezek 35:9 see ישׁב 4), field Lev 27:24 (P); of animal Deut 28:31.
c. = be turned into, ל of thing, Isa 29:17 = be turned back into, עַד thing, Mic 1:7.
d. return, figurative of word, (1) Isa 45:23, with אֶל person Isa 55:11 (both opposed to יָצָא); (2) Ps 35:13 my prayer turned upon (עַל) my bosom (was uttered with bowed head, De Bae Du).
e. turn away, depart, of infamy Prov 25:10. feminine return (in recompense), of crime, evil, etc., with בְּראֹשׁ 1Kgs 2:33; Obad 1:15; Ps 7:17, עַלרֿאֹשׁ Esth 9:25, ל person Ps 54:7 (Kt; > Qr Hiph`il), Prov 12:14.
g. Ps 94:15 judgement (-giving) shall return to (עַד) righteousness (be in accord therewith).
h. of boundary, = change (sometimes reverse) direction (P), ה- locative Josh 19:12 (+ מִן local), vJosh 19:34 (+ accusative of location), accusative of location also vJosh 19:27 vJosh 19:29 (+ עַד location), vJosh 19:29.
i. be restored to healthy condition, of withered hand 1Kgs 13:6 (twice in verse) (אֶל person), leprous hand Exod 4:7 (J; with כ compare), flesh 2Kgs 5:10 (ל person), v2Kgs 5:14; Lev 13:16 (|| נֶהְפַּךְ לְלָבָן).

8. denoting repetition, etc. (Ges^{«GKC:120d»§ 120 d g}): + verb, return (and) do = do again, Gen 26:18; Gen 30:31; Num 11:4 (all J), Judg 19:7; 1Sam 3:5; 1Sam 3:6; 1Kgs 13:33; 1Kgs 19:6; 2Kgs 1:11; 2Kgs 1:13; 2Kgs 19:9; 2Kgs 21:3 = 2Chr 33:3; Jer 18:4; Jer 36:28; Zech 5:1; Zech 6:1; Mal 1:4; Job 10:16; Job 17:10; Ps 7:13; Dan 9:25, perhaps also 2Chr 19:4 compare Isa 6:13 = it, in turn, shall be destroyed (destruction shall be repeated in its case), Lam 3:3 apparently = do repeatedly; ׳שׁ + Infinitive absolute Eccl 4:1; Eccl 4:7; Eccl 9:11 in comparative עוֺד תָּשׁוּב תִּרְאֶה Ezek 8:6 thou shalt see yet greater abominations, so vEzek 8:13 and (מִן compare) vEzek 8:15 ׳שׁ + Infinitive construct Deut 24:4; Deut 30:9; Josh 5:2 (R^D), Jer 36:28; Ezek 8:17; Ezra 9:14; Neh 9:28; Job 7:7; Eccl 1:7 = reverse one's action, + verb Josh 2:23 (E), Hos 2:11; 2Kgs 13:25; Deut 30:3; Mic 7:19; Zech 8:15; Ps 71:20 (twice in verse); Ps 85:7 = restore to original condition by doing, + verb Deut 23:14.

9. transitive, peculiarly, in phrase ׳שׁ שְׁבוּת restore captivity of, etc., approximately 21 t. (see שְׁבוּת below שָׁבָה); צִיּוֺן ׳י ׳שׁ Isa 52:8, ׳שׁ with suffix person Ps 85:5 elsewhere only ׳אֶתגְּֿאוֺן יַעֲקֹב וגו ׳וְשָׁב י Nah 2:3, compare

Hiph`il 6.

Po`el 1. bring back, Perfect 1 singular וְשֹׁבַבְתִּ֫י, with accusative of person + אֶל location Jer 50:19 (׳י subject), Infinitive construct suffix בְּשׁוֺבְבִי, with מִן local Ezek 39:27 and (figurative) לְשׁוֺבֵב, with אֶל person Isa 49:5 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תְּשׁוֺבֵב לָנוּ Ps 60:3 = take us back into power.

2. a. figurative restore, refresh, 3 masculine singular נַפְשִׁי יְשׁוֺבֵב Ps 23:3 (׳י subject); compare Hiph`il 2 b. b. restore, repair, Participle מְשׁוֺבֵב נְתִיבוֺח לָשָׁ֑בֶת Isa 58:12.

3. lead away (enticingly), Perfect 1 singular suffix (of Gog), ׳י subject, וְשׁוֺבַבְתִּיךָ Ezek 38:4 (strike out Co), ׳וְשׁ Ezek 39:2 so figurative 3 feminine singular suffix וְדַעְתֵךְ הִיא שׁוֺבְבָ֑תֶךְ Isa 47:10 (of Babylonian ); — Jer 50:6 see

Qal. 4. shew turning = apostatize (compare Hiph`il 8), Perfect 3 feminine singular שׁוֺבְבָה Jer 8:5 (read שׁוֺבֵב, and strike out ירושׁלם, with ᵐ5). — See also שׁוֺבֵב infra. Pu`lal Participle feminine מְשׁוֺבֶ֫בֶת Ezek 38:8 a land restored + מִן of thing. — See also שׁוֺבָב infra.

Hiph`il₃₅₃ Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 41:13 +; suffix וַהֲשִׁיבְֱ Gen 40:13, וֶהֱשִׁיבְךָ Deut 28:68 2 masculine singular הֱשִׁיבוֺתָ Ps 85:4, וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֫ Deut 4:39; Deut 30:1, suffix וַהֲשֵׁיבוֺתָם 2Chr 6:25 1 singular consecutive וַהֲשִׁיב֫וֺתִי Amos 1:8, וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֫י Num 22:8 +, suffix וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים Zech 10:6 (but read וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים, see ישׁב Hiph`il), etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשִׁיב Exod 21:34 +, (read יָשִׁב Dan 11:18; Dan 11:19 > Qr vDan 11:18 יָשֵׂם), וַיָּ֫שֶׁב Gen 20:14 +; suffix יְשִׁבֵנִי 2Sam 15:8 +, וַיְשִׁיבֵם 2Chr 19:4 + 1Sam 12:8 Vrss We Dr and others; 3 feminine plural תָּשֵׁבְנָה Job 20:10, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָשֵׁב Gen 20:7 +, הָשֵׁיב 2Kgs 8:6, הָשַׁ֑ב Isa 42:22, so הָשַׁ֖ב Ezek 21:35 (see Ke and still Toy; Ew Sm Krae Infinitive absolute הָשֵׁב), הָשִׁיבָה Judg 11:13 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָשֵׁב Exod 23:4 +; construct הָשִׁיב Gen 42:35 +, etc.; Participle מֵשִׁיב Gen 20:7 +, etc.; — cause to return, bring back:

1. a. with accusative of person + אֶל location Gen 24:5 (J; הֶהָשֵׁב אָשִׁיב), Gen 28:15 (J), Gen 42:37 (E), Gen 48:21 (E), +; especially from exile 1Kgs 8:34 = 2Chr 6:25; Jer 27:22 + 5 t. Jeremiah; + אֶל person 1Kgs 22:26 = 2Chr 18:25 + עַל location Jer 16:15; Jer 23:3; Jer 24:6 + ל location Jer 12:15 + accusative of location 2Sam 15:8 (read הָשֵׁב יְשִׁבֵנִי Vrss Th We Dr and others), Deut 28:68; Ezek 29:14; Ezek 47:6; 2Chr 33:13, etc.; + מִן local Jer 41:16; Zech 10:10, מֵאֵת person Jer 41:16, מִן infinitive 2Chr 25:13 accusative of person only Judg 19:3; 1Kgs 13:20; 1Kgs 13:23 +; bring back into bondage, etc., Jer 34:11; Jer 34:16 = allow to return Jer 15:19 accusative of person + of thing (= recover, recapture), Jer 28:6 (+ אֶל location, מִן local); = recover, rescue, Gen 14:16 (accusative of person + thing), Ps 35:17 (accusative נַפְשִׁי, מִן of thing); accusative of thing + אֶל person Gen 44:8 (J), + עַל person Exod 15:9 (song), Prov 20:26 + אֶל location 1Kgs 14:28 = 2Chr 12:11; Jer 28:3; 2Chr 24:11 accusative of hand, אֶלפֶּֿה 1Sam 14:27; Prov 19:24; Prov 26:15 especially of ׳י's hand, in judgment, followed by עַל Amos 1:8; Isa 1:25; Zech 13:7; Ps 81:15, also of man's hand Jer 6:9; Ezek 38:12 + accusative of location 2Sam 15:25; 2Sam 15:29 + שָׁם Neh 13:9 accusative of thing alone Gen 43:12; Gen 43:21 (both בְּיֶדְכֶם), Gen 14:16 (= recapture), 1Sam 6:21; 1Sam 30:19; 1Kgs 13:29 (corpse), Lev 26:26 (H); with accusative animal. 1Sam 6:7 (מֵאַחֲרֵי), Ezek 34:4; Ezek 34:16 (figurative); shadow on dial 2Kgs 20:11 = Isa 38:8. — Job 39:12 see Qal 3 b. b. put back: accusative of thing, stone, עַלפִּֿי הַבְּאֵר Gen 29:3 (J), veil עַלפָּֿנָיו Exod 34:35 (P), Dagon לִמְקוֺמוֺ 1Sam 5:3, rod לִפְנֵי הָעֵדוּת Num 17:25 (P), sword, + אֶל of sheath, 1Chr 21:27; Ezek 21:35 (accusative om); hand אֶלחֵֿיק Exod 4:7 (twice in verse) (J; opposed to הוֺצִיא).
c. = draw back, hand Gen 38:29 (J), 1Kgs 13:4 (opposed to שָׁלַךְ; + אֶל reflexive), Josh 8:26 (E; opposed to נטה), so, figurative, ׳י subject Lam 2:3 (מִפְּנֵי, אָחוֺר), Ps 74:11 with מִן = refrain from Lam 2:8; Ezek 18:8; Ezek 18:17 (i.e. from oppressing), Ezek 20:22 (מִן omitted); foot, with מִן Isa 58:13 (figurative); draw in breath Job 9:18.
d. = give back, restore, accusative of person or thing: + ל person Gen 20:14 (E), vGen 20:7 (E; accusative omitted), Exod 23:4 (E; הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיב), Deut 22:1 (id.; both accusative animal.), Deut 24:13 (id.), Exod 22:25 (E), Judg 17:3 (twice in verse); Judg 17:4; 1Sam 12:3; 2Sam 9:7; Deut 22:2 (P), Neh 5:11, so 2Sam 16:3; 1Kgs 12:21 = 2Chr 11:1 (all accusative of kingdom), with accusative צְדָקָה Job 33:26 + אֶל person Gen 37:22 (E; accusative of person); + אֶל location Gen 42:25 (E); accusative of thing only, 2Kgs 8:6; Ezek 18:7 (read Infinitive absolute שׁוֺב for חוֺב, Co Toy Krae), Ezek 18:12; Ezek 33:15; Lev 5:33 (P), Num 5:7 (P; + בְּראֹשׁוֺ = in full), Ps 69:5 (opposed to גָּזַל), so of land (or city) Judg 11:13; 1Kgs 20:34; Neh 5:12, compare 2Kgs 14:28 (+ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל), 2Kgs 16:6 (+ לַאֲרָם); = win back 2Kgs 13:25; 2Kgs 14:22 (+ ל terr.) = 2Chr 26:2, boundary (i.e. re-establish it) 2Kgs 14:25 restore ruined city Dan 9:25 (+ לִבְנוֺת), conquered nation Ps 80:4; Ps 80:8; Ps 80:20 joy, accusative + ל person Ps 51:14. — 2Sam 8:3 see יָד

2. — Acc. person only, Gen 20:7 (E), Isa 42:22 restore to office, accusative of person + עַל Gen 40:13; Gen 40:21 (E), אֶל location 2Sam 19:12, accusative of person only, 2Sam 19:11; 2Sam 19:13; 2Sam 19:44, compare Isa 1:26 = pay back money, Lev 25:27 (ל person), vLev 25:51 vLev 25:52.
e. = relinquish, with accusative of thing, Job 20:10. feminine = give in payment, requital, with accusative of thing + apposition 1Sam 6:8 (ל person), v1Sam 6:17 (id.; compare טְחוֺד); also pay as tribute (in answer to demand), accusative of thing 2Kgs 17:3; Ps 72:10, + ל person 2Kgs 3:4; 2Chr 27:5 give in exchange Ezek 27:15.
g. bring one back (from dead) 2Sam 12:23, so with מִנִּי Job 33:20 on other hand, אֶלעָֿפָר Job 10:9 = מָוֶת (accusative) Job 30:23, compare עַדדַּֿכָּא Ps 90:3.

2. a. bring back heart, לֵב, עַל person Mal 3:24 אֵלֶיךָ ׳הֲשִׁיבֵנוּ י Lam 5:21 (< Bu retore, strike out אליד); ׳הֵשִׁיב אֶליֿ Neh 9:26 (compare vNeh 9:29), 2Chr 19:4; 2Chr 24:19, also (מִן of evil) Jer 23:22, absolute Jer 31:18.
b. accusative נֶפֶשׁ = refresh Lam 1:11; Lam 1:16; Lam 1:19; Ps 19:8; Prov 25:13; Ruth 4:15.

3. bring back words of people, ׳אֶליֿ Exod 19:8 (E); then, in general, bring back word, דָּבָר, report to, + accusative of person Gen 37:14; Num 13:26; Num 22:8 (all E), Deut 1:22; Deut 1:25; Josh 14:7 (R^D), Josh 22:32 (P), + 8 t; = answer 1Sam 17:30; 2Sam 3:11; 1Kgs 12:6 = 2Chr 10:6 + 6 t., + (accusative מִלִּין) Job 35:4 also (דָּבָר omitted) Job 13:22; Job 20:2; Job 33:5; Job 33:32; 2Chr 10:16; Neh 6:4 (כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה); accusative אֲמָרִים + ל person Judg 5:29; Prov 22:21 later with ל person alone 1Sam 12:3 with clause oratio recta [direct speech], אֶל person Esth 4:13; Esth 4:15 similar phrases, Ezek 9:11; Prov 18:13; Prov 24:26; Prov 26:16; Hab 2:1; Job 31:14; Job 32:14 (Gi vJob 32:15), Job 40:4.

4. a. bring back (in retribution, compare Qal 7 f) upon, subject often ׳י, accusative of evil, Judg 9:56, בְּראֹשׁ Judg 9:5; 1Sam 25:39; 1Kgs 2:44 Joel 1Kgs 4:4; 1Kgs 4:7, עַלרֿאֹשׁ 1Kgs 2:32, אֶלרֿאֹשׁ Neh 3:36 ל person Gen 50:15 (E), 1Sam 6:3 (הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיבוּ), v1Sam 6:4; 1Sam 25:31 (return evil for good), +, etc.; absolute = make requital, ל person 2Chr 6:23 + (כ compare) Hos 12:3; Prov 24:12; Prov 24:29 with accusative of good, ל person 2Sam 16:12; 2Sam 26:23; with כ compare + ל person Ps 18:21; Ps 18:25 = 2Sam 22:21; 2Sam 22:25, and (כ compare only) 2Chr 32:25 requite ׳י's benefits, accusative of thing + ׳לי Ps 116:12, compare Num 18:9 (P).
b. pay as recompense, לִבְעָלָיו ׳כֶּסֶף יָשׁ Exod 21:34 (E); so (figurative) of ׳י, ננָקָם לְ ׳הֵשׁ Deut 32:41; Deut 32:43, בְּחֵמָה אַפּוֺ ׳לְהָשׁ Isa 66:15.

5. turn back, backward = repel, defeat, with אֶתפְּֿנֵי 2Kgs 18:24 = Isa 36:9, accusative מִלְחָמָה Isa 28:6, accusative of sword Ps 89:44, accusative of person + אָחוֺר Ps 44:11 (+ מִנִּי person), Isa 44:25 (figurative, = refute, confute), figurative of calamity Lam 1:13 = repulse, hinder Jer 2:24, especially accusative Isa 14:27 (׳יַדיֿ), compare Isa 43:13, Job 9:12; Job 11:10; Job 23:13 = reject, refuse, ׳(אֶתֿ)פְּנֵי פ 1Kgs 2:16; 1Kgs 2:17; 1Kgs 2:20 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; Ps 132:10.

6. a. turn away face, figurative, + מֵעַל of thing Ezek 14:6 accusative of person + מִן Mal 2:6 anger of ׳י (accusative) + מֵעַל person Num 25:11 (P), Prov 24:18, מִן person Jer 18:20; Ezra 10:14 accusative only, Job 9:13; Ps 78:38; Ps 106:23 accusative of human anger Prov 15:1; Prov 29:8.
b. late, turn toward, accusative face, ל location Dan 11:18; Dan 11:19, accusative foot, אֶל of thing Ps 119:59 (figurative).

7. turn against, אֶלאֵֿל, with accusative רוּחֶ֑ךָ Job 15:43.

8. אֶללֵֿבָב ׳הֵשׁ bring back to mind, take into consideration, with accusative Lam 3:21, followed by clause with כִּי Deut 4:39 (compare Dr), object omitted Deut 30:1; 1Kgs 8:47 = 2Chr 6:37; Isa 44:19, + (עַל) Isa 46:8.

9. הֵשִׁיב ׳אֶתשְֿׁבוּת פ Jer 32:44; Jer 33:7; Jer 33:11; Jer 49:6; Lam 2:14; Ezek 39:25 + (Qr Hiph`il, Kt Qal) Jer 33:26; Jer 46:39; Joel 4:1 (see Qal 9).

10. Hiph`il declar., מֵעַל ׳הָשׁ Ezek 14:6 = shew a turning away from your idols (i.e. turn away), compare (מִן) Ezek 18:30, absolute וִחְיוּ ׳הָשׁ vEzek 18:32 of ׳י, מֵחֲרוֺן ׳השׁ אַפֶּ֑ךָ Ps 85:4 (but read probably ׳הֲשִׁיבוֺתה חֲרוֺן א [6 a above]); perhaps in physical sense Jonah 1:13 (אֶל location; We Now that is אֳנִיָּה, etc.).

11. reverse, revoke, accusative (suffix) of thing, i.e. judgment, Amos 1:3; Amos 1:6; Amos 1:9; Amos 1:11; Amos 1:13; Amos 2:1; Amos 2:4; Amos 2:6 blessing Num 23:20 (poem in E), edict Esth 8:5; Esth 8:8.

Hoph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הוּשַׁב Gen 42:28 my money has been returned! compare Participle הַכֶּסֶף הַמּוּשָׁב Gen 43:12 (both J); ׳לי ׳הַמּ Num 5:8 (P) the אָשָׁם which is restored to ׳י; plural מוּשָׁבִים Jer 27:16 the vessels are about to be brought back, with מִן local; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיוּשַׁב אֶתמֿשֶׁה Exod 10:8 (J; compare Ges^{«GKC:121a»§ 121 a, b}) Moses was brought back, with אֶל person

BDB8505 H7726 H7725

I. שׁוֺבָב adjective backturning, recusant, apostate (perhaps for מְשׁוֺבָב, Participle Po`l. Ol^{§ 251 b} Ges^{«GKC:52s»§ 52s} Kö^{i. 454}); — ׳שׁ Isa 57:17 plural שׁוּבוּ בָּנִים שׁוֺבָבִים Jer 3:14; Jer 3:22. — שׁובבים Jer 50:6 Kt < Qr שׁוֺבְבוּם ᵐ5 Comm., compare √ Po`l.

BDB9995 H7725 H8421

תּוּב verb return (ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew שׁוּב); —

Pe`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְתוּב, with עַל person, of brightness (זִיו) of face Dan 4:33 b, of knowledge v.Dan 4:31 v.Dan 4:33 a. Haph`el Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲתִיב Dan 2:14 3 masculine plural suffix הֲתִיבוּנָא Ezra 5:11 Imperfect 3 masculine plural יַהֲתִיבוּן Ezra 6:5, יְתִיבוּן (K^{§ 33, 2}) Ezra 5:5 Infinitive suffix לַהֲתָבוּתָח Dan 3:16 —

1. restore, accusative of thing Ezra 6:5.

2. return (accusative of answer, etc.) Ezra 5:5; Ezra 5:11; Dan 3:16 (suffix Persian), ׳עֵטָא וּטְעֵם הֲת Dan 2:14.

return, again, returned, turn, back, …

šûb

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again

to return, turn back

(Qal)

to turn back, return

to turn back

to turn back (from God), apostatise

to bring back

to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment

מִן

Preposition of, from, than, for, thereof, …

Dictionary form: מִן · min

Preposition

In the KJV here: of

from ×263 of ×236 out of ×139 and of ×48 than ×42 from me ×18 for ×17 thereof ×16

More options

from — Most common spatial or temporal origin; broadly useful.

out of — Emphasizes emergence or extraction from within something.

of — Partitive or genitive relationship; use for 'some of' contexts.

than — Use in comparative constructions; e.g. 'greater than'.

since — Temporal use; marks a starting point in time.

among — Distributive sense; source is a group or collective.

BDB4709 H4480

מִןֿ and מִּ , before יְ (except Dan 12:2; 2Chr 20:11) contracted to מִי (as מִידֵי from מִיְּדֵי), before guttural and ר, mostly מֵ, occasionally מִ (Ges^{«GKC:102»§ 102}, l R.; more fully Kö^{ii. 291ff}), מִן before article in all books much commoner than -מֵ; מִן; before other words most frequently in Chronicles [51 t.: elsewhere 47 t. (Kö²⁹²)]; in poetry also מִנִּי, with the old י of the genitive (Ges^{«GKC:90»§ 90}.3a) Judg 5:14 (twice in verse); Isa 46:3 (twice in verse); Ps 44:11; Ps 44:19; Ps 68:32; Ps 74:22; Ps 78:2; Ps 78:42; Ps 88:10 + 19 t. Job, and in לְמִנִּי Mic 7:12 (twice in verse) and מִנֵּיֿ (on analogue of עֲדֵי, עֲלֵי) Isa 30:11 (twice in verse), preposition expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not (Phoenician מ; Aramaic ; Arabic >; Ethiopic ; Sabean בן (DHM^{ZMG xxix.606 ff.}; xxxvii.375)); with suff, מִמֶּנִּי (the מִן reduplicated, Ol^{§ 223c}, and others, Kö^{ii. 289 f.}), in poetry מִנִּי Isa 22:4; Isa 30:1; Isa 38:12; Job 16:6, מֶ֫נִּי Ps 18:23; Ps 65:4; Ps 139:19; Job 21:16; Job 22:18; Job 30:10 מִמְּךָ, מִמֶּ֑ךָּ, מִמֵּךְ; מִמֶּ֫נּוּ ( Job 4:12 מֶ֫נְהוּ), מִמֶּ֫נָּה; 1 plural מִמֶּ֫נּוּ (according to Orientals מִמֵּ֫נֿוּ: see Baer^{Job. p. 57} Kö²⁹⁰); מִכֶּם; מֵהֶם (מִנְּהֶם Job 11:20), מֵהֵ֫מָּה Jer 10:2; Eccl 12:12 מֵהֵ֫נָּה 7 t. (see הֵ֫מָּה 8 c), מֵהֶן (editions מֵהֵן) Ezek 16:47; Ezek 16:52 (see Zerweck^{Heb, Präp. Min, 1894}): — 1. with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal, whether from a person or place, or in any direction, also from guilt, calamity, etc.: — thus
a. to descend from a mountain Exod 19:14, to fall from a roof Deut 22:8, from heaven Isa 14:12, to go up from a valley Josh 10:7, to raise up from the dunghill 1Sam 2:8, or the ground 2Sam 12:17. So constantly with verbs of going, as בא, הלך, שׁב, ברח (followed by a person, usually מפני), of calling, as Isa 24:14 צָֽהֲלוּ מִיָּם, Isa 42:10; Isa 42:11; Ps 148:1 of asking or exacting as שׁאל, בקשׁ, דרשׁ, נָקַם,הִנָּקֵם, of delivering, as הושׁיע, הציל, etc., of hiding as נעלם, העלים, etc., of taking or withholding, as לקח, חשׂך, מנע, of keeping (from), as נצר, שׁמר, of being far, or desisting, as רחק Exod 23:7, חֲדַל מִמֶּנּוּ desist from us,Exod 14:2, so הֶרֶף Deut 9:14,הֵנִיחַ Deut 12:10, השׁקיט > Ps 94:13, שׁבת Gen 2:2, compare Gen 5:29 note especially the pregnant constructions, שׁפט to judge (and save) from Ps 43:1, followed by מִיַּד 1Sam 24:16 +, ענה to answer (and save) from Ps 22:22, חרשׁ and חשׁה to be silent (turning) from Ps 28:1 (twice in verse), החרישׁו ממני Job 13:13; Jer 38:27; Ps 18:22 ולא רשׁעתי מאלהי not did wickedly (turning) from my God, Ps 30:4 Kt., Ps 73:27, כלזֿוֺנֶה ממך, Jer 3:20 בָּגַד מִן (ᵐ5 εἰς = ב), Jer 31:13 with שִׂמַּח (2Chr 20:27), Ezek 27:34; Prov 25:17 הֹקַר רַגְלְךָ מִבֵּית רֵעֶ֫ךָ, Isa 29:4; Isa 63:17; Joel 1:12; Jer 51:5 אַלְמָן מֵאֱלֹהָיו widowed (and severed) from etc., Ezek 44:22 also Judg 7:17 מִמֶּנִּי תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ ye shall see from me, i.e. learn what to do by observing me. Some of the verbs mentioned above are construed more precisely with מֵאֵת, מֵעִם, מֵעַל, q. v.: and others, especially לקח, דרשׁ, הושׁיע, הצּיל, פּדה, פִּלֵּט, idiomatic with מִיַּד. With infinitives, see below 7 b. often also with adverbs, as מִשָּׁם thence, מֵאַיִן whence ? מִוֶּה, מִפֹּה hence. compare also חָפְשִׁי מִן free (safe) from Job 3:19, עֵזֶר מִצָּרָיו a help from his foes Deut 33:7; Nah 3:11 מָעוֺז מֵאוֺיֵב, Ps 32:7 סֵתֶר מִצַּר, Ps 60:13 עֶזְרָת מִצָּ֑ר, Isa 4:6 צֵל מֵחֹרֶב a shadow from, the heat, Isa 25:4. Here also belong Isa 40:15 מַר מִדְּלִי a drop from (hanging from) a bucket; Song 4:1 goats שֶׁגָָּֽלְשׁוּ מהר גלעד that sit up (seeming to hang) from the hills of Gilead (compare Od. 21. 420 ἐκ διφροιο καθήμενος: also the Arabic idiom , literally to be near from a thing): probably also the difficult passage Dan 8:9, and from one of them there came forth מִצְּעִירָה קֶרֶן אַחַת a horn from (being) a little one, i.e. gradually increasing from small beginnings (but ? read אַחֶרֶת צְעִירָה Bev compare Dan 7:8).
b. מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from (compare II. 2. 162 φίλης ἀπὸ πατρίδος αἴης): Prov 20:3 שֶׁכֶת מֵרִיב to sit away from strife (compare ap. De), Num 15:24 if the thing be done מֵעֵינֵי הָעֵדָה away from the eyes of etc., Judg 5:11 De RV (but Be RVm because of), Isa 14:19 cast out מִקִּבְרְךָ away from thy sepulchre, Job 28:4 דַּלּוּ מֵאֱנוֺשׁ, Gen 4:11 cursed art thou האדמה מןֿ, De Di away from the (tilled) soil, compare vGen 4:14 (but Kn Ke from, compare vGen 4:12 a), Gen 27:39 (probably) הָאָרֶץ מִשְׁמַנֵּי away from the fatness of the earth shall be thy dwelling; almost = without, Job 11:15 then shalt thou lift up thy face מִמּוּם away from, without spot, Job 19:26 (probably) מִבְּשָׂרִי without my flesh shall I see God, Job 21:9 בָּֽתֵּיהֶם שָׁלוֺם מִפַּחַד are at peace without fear, Prov 1:33; Jer 48:45 fleeing עָֽמְדוּ מִכֹּחַ they stand without strength, Isa 22:3 מִקֶּשֶׁת אֻסָּ֫רוּ (Hi De Di Che) they were bound without the bow (being used) (but Ges as 2 e: by the bowmen), Zeph 3:18. (On 2Sam 13:16 see We or Dr). See also 7 b. with of position, off, on the side of, on, especially with reference to quarters of the heavens (compare πρὸς Νότου, ἐκ δεξιῶν, a fronte, a tergo, etc.): Gen 2:8 ׳י planted a garden in Eden מִקֶּדֶם off, on the east, Gen 12:8 מִקֶּדֶם בֵּיתְאֵל מִיָּם וְהָעַי Bethel off (on) the West and `Ai off (on) the East; so מִמִּוְרָח, מִצָּפוֺן, מִנֶּגֶכ Josh 11:3; Josh 15:8; Josh 18:5; 1Sam 14:5, etc.: similarly מִיָּמִין on the right, מִשְּׂמאֹול on the left, מִמּוּל and (more rarely) מִפָּנִים on the front, מֵאָחוֺר = behind (2Sam 10:9), מִסָּבִיב Deut 12:10 + round about, מִמַּעַל, מִלְמַעְלָה, and מֵעָ֑ל (rare) = above, מִתַּחַת Exod 20:4 + beneath, מִבַּיִת on the inside, מִחוּץ on the outside Gen 6:14 +, מִנֶּגֶד in front, at a distance, Gen 21:16 +, מֵרָחוֺק Exod 2:4 + afar off, מִפְּנִ֫ימָה within, מִזֶּהמִ֗֗֗וֶּה and מִפֹּה מִפֹּה ֗֗֗ on this side . . . on that side. And so even with verbs of motion, as Gen 11:2 מִקֶּדֶם ויהי בנסעם as they journeyed — not from, but — on, the side of the east, virtually = eastwards, Gen 13:11 and Lot journeyed מקדם east, Isa 17:13; Isa 22:3 ברחו מֵרָחוֺק they fled — not from afar but — afar, Isa 23:7 whose feet used to carry her מֵרָחוֺק afar off to sojourn, Isa 57:9 thou didst send thy messengers עדמֿרחוק even to afar. With a following לְ (or suffix), most of these words are frequently in the sense of on the east (west, etc.) of . . ., as Josh 8:13 לָעִיר מִיָּם on the west of the city, מִקֶּדֶם לְ Gen 3:24, מִצְּפוֺן לְ (construct Ges^{«GKC:130a»§ 130 a, n}.) Josh 8:11; Josh 8:13; Josh 24:30, מִימִינֶ֑ךָ Ps 91:7, מִתַּחַת לְ Gen 1:7, מִמַּעַל לְ Gen 22:9, מִבֵּית לְ Lev 16:2: מֵאַחֲרֵי behind Exod 14:19 מִצַּד בֵּיתְאֵל beside Bethel Josh 12:9, מִצִּדּוֺ beside it 1Sam 6:8, מֵעֵבֶר לַיַּרְדֵּן on the other side of Jordan Num 21:1 +; מֵהָֽלְאָה לְ beyond Amos 5:27 tablets written מִשְּׁנֵי עֶבְרֵיהֶם on both their sides, מִכָּלעֲֿבָרָיו Jer 49:32 + (see further the words cited). So מֵהַבַּיִת on the side of the house Ezek 40:7; Ezek 40:8; Ezek 40:9, מֵאֵצֶל beside Ezek 40:7; 1Sam 20:21 the arrows are מִמְּךָ וָהֵנָּה from thee and hither = on this side of thee, v1Sam 20:22 מִמְּךָ וָהָֽלְהָא, compare Num 32:19 (twice in verse).

2. Out of, Greek ἐκ, Latin ex: thus
a. מִמִּצְרַיִם out of Egypt: so
(a) with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling, etc., as הוֺצִיא, יָצָא (see יָצָא), שִׁלַּח Gen 3:23, לָקַח Gen 34:26, גָנַב Gen 40:15, הִכְרִית Exod 8:5; Ps 101:8, גֵּרֵשׁ Judg 11:7, etc.; to draw out of water, a pit, etc. Exod 2:10; Ps 40:3 to cast out of the hand Judg 15:17 to rescue out of the mouth Amos 3:12 to drink מִכּוֺס 2Sam 12:3; Deut 30:3 וְקִבֶּצְךָ מִןהָֿעַמִּים, Ezek 11:17; Ezek 36:24 +: pregnantly with חָרֵד Hos 10:10; Hos 10:11, רגז Mic 7:17 to tremble (and come) out of, חרג Ps 18:46 (|| 2Sam 22:46 חגר), 2Sam 74:11; Isa 38:17 חָשַׁק (ni חָשַׂךְ leg.), Ezek 28:16 חִלֵּל, Ezra 2:62 compare נִשְׁכַּח מִפֶּה Deut 31:21, מִלֵּב Ps 31:13. In this application, often made more definite by the use of מִתּוֺךְ ֗֗֗ , מִקֶּרֶב ֗֗֗ out of the midst of.
(b) of the place out of which one looks, speaks, exerts power, etc., Gen 4:10; Num 24:19 (Ps 110:1), Deut 4:35 קלו מןהֿשׁמים השׁמיעך אתֿ, Amos 1:2 מציון ישׁאג ׳י, Ps 14:2; Ps 20:3 send thee help מִקֹּדֶשׁ, vPs 14:7 יַעֲנֵהוּ מִשְּׁמֵי קָדְשׁוֺ, Ps 42:7; Ps 68:36; Ps 85:12; Ps 109:10 ודרשׁו מחרבזתיהם seek (their bread) out of their desolate homes (but Ew De as 1 b far from; ᵐ5 Gr Che יְגָֹֽרְשׁוּ let them be driven from), Ps 128:5; Ps 130:1; Job 27:23; Isa 29:18 to see out of darkness, Song 2:9 to look out מִןהַֿחַלֹּנוֺת from the windows (usually בעד), Song 5:4 he put forth his hand מִןהַֿחוֺר from (i.e. in through) the hole (in the door or wall).
(c) with בָּחַר to choose out of, Exod 18:25 + often, compare with הִבְדִּיל Deut 29:20; 1Kgs 8:53,with יָדַע Amos 3:2; Exod 19:5 ye shall be to me סְגֻלָּה מכלהֿעמים a treasure (chosen) out of all peoples (compare with בָּחַר Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2).
b. of the material out of which anything is formed, or from which it is derived:
(a) Gen 2:19 to form מןהֿאדמה out of the soil, vGen 2:23 מִבְּשָׂרִי עֶצֶם מֵעֲצָמַי וּבָשָׂר, Exod 39:1; Num 6:4; Hos 13:2 to make images מִכַּסְפָּם, Ps 16:4 נִסְכֵּיהֶם מִדָּם, Ps 45:14; Song 3:9; Isa 40:17 מאפס ותהו נחשׁבולֿו as made of nought and unreality are they reckoned by him (|| כְּאַיִן נֶגְדּוֺ), Isa 41:24 הֵן אַתֶּם מֵאַיִן (|| מֵאָ֑פַע, read מֵאָ֑פֶם), Ps 62:10 מֵהֶבֶל (al. 6 c), Prov 13:11; Exod 25:19; Exod 25:31 its cups, its knops, etc., ממנה יהיו shall be from it (i.e. of one piece with it), so vExod 25:35 vExod 25:36; Exod 27:2; Exod 30:2 al.;
(b) with verbs of eating, filling, etc., as שׁתה Gen 9:21; Job 21:20 מֵחֲמַת שַׁדַּי יִשְׁתֶּה, Song 8:2 הִשְׁקָה, רָוָה Ps 36:9 +, רִוָּה Isa 34:7, שׂבע Prov 18:20 +, השׂביע Ps 81:17 +, מִלֵּא (rare) Ps 127:5: compare Deut 32:42 אַשְׁכִּיר חִצַּי מִדָּם, Isa 51:21; Ps 28:7 (peculiar) וּמִשִּׁירִי אֲהוֺדֶנּוּ out of song I will thank him (Ps 69:31 ׳ב), also (unusual) Isa 2:3 וְיוֺרֵנוּ מִדְּרָכָיו i.e. out of (the treasure of) his ways (al. particle = some of), Ps 94:12b מִתּוֺרָֽתְךָ תְלַמְּדֶנּוּ; Eccl 7:10 to speak מֵחָכְמָה (compare Rabb מִתּוֺךְ).
c. of the source or origin: namely
(a) of parents, Gen 16:2 אִבָּנֶה ממנה I shall be built up out of her (so Gen 30:3), Gen 17:16 מלכי עמים ממנה יהיו, Gen 35:11a: often of coming forth מִבֶּטֶן Job 1:21, מֵחֲלָצֶיךָ Gen 35:11b, ממעיך Gen 15:4, Isa 2:20 ׳י give thee seed from this woman; compare Job 16:4 מִי יִתֵּן טָהוֺר מִטָּמֵא
(b) of the tribe or people, from which a person comes (compare 1 a), Num 3:12 ׳כל בכור ֗֗֗ מכני ישׂר, Josh 12:4; 2Sam 4:2; 2Sam 21:2; Jer 1:1 +; and so of a person's native place, as Judg 12:8 אבצן מבית לחם Ibzan from Biblical, Judg 13:2 אִישׁ מִצָּרְעָה Judg 17:1; Judg 17:7; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:1; 2Sam 23:20; 2Sam 23:30; Amos 1:1 +, compare Jer 46:25 אָמוֺן מִנּאֹ; Isa 48:1 וּמִמֵּי יְהוּדָה יָצָֽאוּ, vIsa 48:2 מֵעִיר הַקֹּדֶשׁ נִקְראוּ, Isa 58:12 וּבָנוּ מִמֵךְ (those) from thee shall build, Ps 68:27 מִמְּקוֺר ישׂראל ye (sprung) from the fountain of Israel, Mic 5:1; Nah 1:11 vNah 1:14 figurative מִשִּׁמְךָ), Zeph 3:18; Jer 30:21; Zech 10:4.
(c) of beasts and things, Gen 2:7 עָפָר מִןהָֿאֲדָמָה, Jer 5:6 אַרְיֵה מִיַּעַר a lion from the woods, Ps 80:14 חֲזִיר מִיַּעַרִ; compare Ps 10:18 אֶנוֺשׁ מִןהָֿאָרֶץ man from the earth (terrenus), Ps 72:16 יָצִיצוּ מֵעִיר; Job 28:12 וְהַחָכְמָה מֵאַיַן תִּמָּצֵא.
(d) מִלֵּב Isa 59:13; Job 8:10, especially with reference to what is self-devised, Num 16:28 כִּי לֹא מִלִּבִּי, Num 24:13; 1Kgs 12:33; Neh 6:8 נְבִיאֵי מִלִּבָּם Ezek 13:2.
d. of the source or author of an action, counsel, or event: 1Sam 24:14 מֵרְשָׁעִים יֵצֵא רֶשַׁע, 2Sam 3:37 היתה מהמלך לא it was not from the king to, etc.; specifically of ׳י, Gen 24:50 יצא הדבר ׳כי מי, Judg 14:4 knew הוא ׳כי מי that it was from J., 1Kgs 2:15 ׳היתה לו כי מי, Prov 16:1; Prov 20:24 מִצְעֲדֵי גֶבֶר ׳מי, Ps 37:39; Ps 62:2 מִמֶּנּוּ יְשׁוּעָתִי, Hos 8:4 they have made kings, מִמֶּנִּי וְלֹא not from me, i.e. not at my prompting, Isa 30:1; Isa 50:11 (מִיָּדִי) Ezek 3:17 end = Ezek 33:7 and warn them from me, 1Chr 5:22; 1Chr 13:2; 2Chr 22:7; 2Chr 25:20 (synonym מֵאֵת, מֵעִם, which are more frequent in this sense); in poetry Hos 7:5 חֲמַת מִיַּיִן heat from wine, Ps 9:14 מִשּׂנְאַי עָנְיִי at the hands of my haters, Ps 74:22; Job 4:13 שְׂעִפִּים מֵחֶזְיֹנוֺת לַיְלָה thoughts (arising) out of, etc., Job 6:25 הוֺכֵחַ מִכֶּם reproof proceeding from you, Job 20:29 (twice in verse), Ps 78:2 חִידוֺת מִקֶּדֶם indirect lessons (springing) out of antiquity; Dan 11:31 זְרֹעִים מִמֶּנּוּ (Kö^{iii. 241}). As marking the author of a judgment or estimate (rare), Num 32:22 וּמִיִּשְׂרָאֵל ׳נְקִיִּם מי guiltless at the hands of (= in the judgment of) J. and Israel (compare מֵעִם 2Sam 3:28; Job 34:33), Job 4:17 shall man be just מֵאֱלֹהַּ at God's hands ? (|| מֵעשֵֹׁהוּ), Jer 51:5b (Ges Gf.); so in ׳חָלִילָה לִי מי.
e. of the immediate, or efficient, cause (chiefly in poetry), in consequence of, at by (compare Greek ἀπό, as Hd. 2:54 ζήησιν ἀπὸ σφέων γενέσθαι):
(a) the cause, a person Gen 19:36 + הָֽרְתָה מן to be pregnant by, Gen 49:25; 1Sam 31:3 וַיָּחֶל מֵהַמּוֺרִים was in anguish from the archers, Hos 7:4 בֹּעֵ֫רָה מֵאֹפֶה (ni בֹּעֵר הֵם leg.: see We), Ps 18:9; Nah 1:5 הרים רעשׁו ממנו, Dan 11:31 (accents); with passive verb, Nah 1:6 הצורים נִתְּצוּ ממנו, Ps 37:23 (compare Prov 20:24 d), Job 24:1; Eccl 12:11; Dan 8:11.
(b) the cause, a thing, Gen 49:24 his arms were agile מידי אביר יעקב from the hands, etc., Isa 6:4 the thresholds shook מִקּוֺל הַקּוֺרֵא (so מקול elsewhere, as Isa 30:31; Isa 33:3; Jer 8:16), Jer 28:7 תָעוּ מִןהַֿשֵּׁכָר (|| ב), Jer 31:4; Jer 31:9; Jer 10:10; Ezek 19:10 became fruitful מִמַּיִם רַבִּים, Ezek 31:5; Job 4:9 מִנִּשְׁמַת אֱלוֺהַּ יאֹבֵדוּ at the breath of God, Job 14:9 מֵרֵיחַ מַיִם יַפְרִחַ, Job 31:23; Job 39:26 הֲמִבִּינָָֽתְךָ יַאֲבֶרנֵֿץ Ps 39:11; Ps 73:19 סָפוּ תַּמּוּ מִןבַּֿלָּהוֺת, Ps 78:65 מִתְרוֺנֵן מִיַּיִן, Ps 104:15 להצהיל פנים משׁמן from oil, Ps 107:39, compare Job 7:14 (|| ב); so with ׳מִגַּעֲרַת י at J.'s rebuke, Job 18:16; Job 76:7 +; with a passive verb, Gen 9:11 to be cut off מִמֵּי הַמַּבּוּל, 2Sam 7:29 וּמִכִּכָֽתְךָ יְבֹרַח, Isa 28:7 נבלעו מןהֿיין are undone through wine (Isa 22:3 is dubious: see 1 b), Obad 1:9; Job 28:4 הַנִּשְׁכָּחִים מִנִּי רָ֑גֶל; compare Isa 34:3; Hos 6:8.
(c) with verbs of fearing, to express the source of the emotion, as ירא Ps 3:7 + often (also with מִפְּנֵי), פָּחַד Ps 27:1, נִבְהַל Ezek 26:18, גּוּר Deut 18:22; Job 41:17; Esth 5:9 ולאקֿם ולא זָע ממנו; with בּוֺשׁ to be disconcerted or disappointed, to express the source of the disappointment, Isa 1:29 + often; with שָׂמֵחַ Prov 5:18; Eccl 2:10. feminine of the remoter cause, the ultimate ground on account of which something happens or is done. (

N.B. The line between e and f is not always clearly defined): Exod 2:23 they sighed מןהֿעבדה on account of the bondage, Exod 6:9; Exod 15:23; Deut 7:7 not מֵרֻבְּכֶם through, by reason of, your numbers did J. set his love upon you, Josh 22:24 to do a thing מִדְּאָנָה out of carefulness, 2Sam 23:4 מִנֹּגַהּ, 1Kgs 14:4; Isa 53:5 wounded מִפְּשָׁעֵינוּ on account of our transgressions, bruised מֵעֲוֺנוֺתֵינוּ, vIsa 53:8; Job 4:19; Obad 1:10; Hab 2:17; Ps 6:8 עשׁשׁה עיני מִכַּעַס from vexation (compare Job 17:7: Ps 31:10 ׳ב), Ps 31:12; Ps 38:19 I am concerned on account of my sin, Prov 20:4 מֵחֹרֶף עצל לא יחרשׁ by reason of the winter, Job 22:4 הֲמִיִּרְאָ֑תְךָ יֹכִיחֶ֑ךָ on account of thy fear of him? Song 3:8; Ruth 1:13 כִּימַֿרלִֿי מְאֹד מִכֶּם because of you: see also Deut 28:34; Deut 28:67; Deut 32:19; Judg 2:18; Isa 65:14; Jer 12:4; Jer 24:2 מֵרֹעַ, Jer 50:13; Jer 51:5 b (Ew Ke), Ezek 7:27 (but read probably with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Co כְּדרכם), Ezek 16:61; Ezek 35:11 (AV out of), Ezek 45:20; Mic 2:12; Mic 7:13; Ps 5:11; Ps 12:6; Ps 107:17; Ps 119:53; Gen 49:12 red of eyes מִיָּ֑יִן, and white of teeth מֵחָלָב. Often also in מֵרֹב from the abundance of, absolute for abundance, with many different verbs, as Gen 16:10 לֹא יִסָּפֵר מֵרֹב Josh 9:13; 1Sam 1:16, etc. Similarly in מֵאֵין, מִבְּלִי, מִבִּלְתִּי (pp. 35, 115, 117); and before an infinitive (7 a), and in מֵאֲשֶׁר (p. 84).
g. the cause being conceived as regulative, מן occasionally approaches in sense to according to (compare Latin ex more, ex lege), Jonah 3:7 proclaimed in Nineveh מטעם המלך וגדליו at, by, in accordance with, the decree of the king (compare Aramaic Ezra 6:14; Dan 2:8): so Job 39:26 (2 e
(b)) according to Ges Hi.

3. Partitively (a sense connecting with 2 a
(c), above): —
a. Gen 6:19 שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל two out of, from, all, Gen 7:8; Gen 39:11 אישׁ מן ֗֗֗ a man (or one) of . . . (so Num 25:6; Num 1:28 +, אנשׁים מן ֗֗֗ Num 16:2; Josh 2:2 +, 2Kgs 2:7, etc.); Gen 42:16 send מִכֶּם אֶחָד Lev 1:2a Lev 17:12 כלנֿפשׁ מִכֶּם, Lev 19:34; Lev 26:8, Judg 8:14 נַעַר מֵאַנְשֵׁי סֻכּוֺת, 1Sam 22:8, etc.; Judg 14:19; 2Kgs 2:24; Isa 66:19 אֶחָד מִן ֗֗֗ 1Sam 16:18 +, אַחַד מִן ֗֗֗ (Ges^{«GKC:130»§ 130}, 1) Deut 25:5 +; אַחַת מֵהֵ֫נָּה Ps 34:21; Isa 34:16 מִי מִן ֗֗֗ Job 5:1; Isa 50:1, אֵין מִן ֗֗֗ 1Sam 14:39; Isa 51:18; Isa 21:11 מהֿ מלילה how much of the night? 2Chr 31:3 וּמְנָת הַמֶּלָח מִןרְֿכוּשׁוֺ.
b. the number being omitted, מִן is used indefinitely: —
(a) = some of, — as subject Exod 16:27 יצאו מןהֿעם there went out (some) of the people, Lev 25:49; 2Sam 11:17; 2Sam 11:24, especially in late Hebrew Ezra 2:68; Ezra 2:70; Ezra 7:7; Neh 11:4; Neh 11:25; 1Chr 4:42; 1Chr 9:30; 1Chr 9:32; 2Chr 17:11; 2Chr 32:21; Dan 11:35 more frequently as object, especially with לקח, Gen 4:3 וַיָּבֵא מִפְּרִי האדמה brought of the fruit of the ground, Gen 30:14 give me מִדּוּדָאֵי בְנֵךְ (some) of thy son's love-apples, Gen 33:15; Exod 12:7; Exod 17:5; Lev 18:30; Lev 20:2; Num 11:17; Num 13:23; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 39:7; Isa 47:13; Amos 2:11; Dan 8:10 +, Song 1:2 ישׁקני מִנְּשִׁיקוֺת פִּיו let him kiss me (with) some of the kisses etc., Ps 72:15; Ps 137:3 מִשִּׁיר צִיּוֺן (some) of the songs of Zion, Job 11:6 (Ges RVm) + often; in late Hebrew note also יֵשׁ מִן ֗֗֗ there are some of . . . Neh 5:5 מֵהֶם ֗֗֗ מֵהֶם ֗֗֗ some. . . others. . . 1Chr 9:28f. (as in Aramaic Dan 2:33, and PS²¹⁵⁵); מִקְצָת ֗֗֗ some of. . . (as in Late Hebrew) Dan 1:2; Neh 7:69.
(b) to designate an individual (rare), Gen 28:11 and he took מֵאַבְנֵי הַמָּקוֺם (one) of the stones of the place (see vGen 28:18), Exod 6:25 מבּנות פוטיאל (one) of the daughters of P., Ezek 17:5; Ezek 17:13; Neh 13:28; Ps 132:11 as subject Lev 25:33; Dan 11:5 the king of the south שָׂרָיו וּמִןֿ and (one) of his captains, vDan 11:7, compare Jer 41:1; Esth 4:5; 2Chr 26:11; Ruth 2:20 מִגֹּאֲלֵנוּ הוא he is (one) of our kinsmen, Exod 2:6.
(c) in a negative or hypothetical sentence (whether subject or object) = any, aught, Deut 16:4 ולא ילין מןהֿבשׂר and there shall not remain any of the flesh, 1Kgs 18:5 ולא נכרית מןהֿבהמה and we shall not destroy any of the beasts, 2Kgs 10:10 (compare Josh 21:43; Josh 23:14; 1Sam 3:19; 1Kgs 8:56; Esth 6:10), vEsth 6:23 ׳פֶּןיֶֿשׁפֹּֿה מֵעַבְדֵי י Job 27:6 לֹא יֶחֱרַף לְבָבִי מִיָּמָ֑י my heart reproacheth not one of my days: with אִם, etc. Exod 29:34; Lev 4:2a (compare vLev 4:22 vLev 4:27), Lev 11:32 (מהם), vLev 11:33 vLev 11:35 vLev 11:37-39; Lev 18:29; Lev 25:25; Num 5:6 מִכֹּל anything whatever, Lev 5:24; Lev 11:34 compare 1Sam 23:23 (?).
(d) peculiarly, with a noun of unity, especially אֶחָד, to express forcibly the idea of a single one: Deut 15:7 if there be a poor man in thy midst, מֵאַחַר אַחֶיךָ any one of thy brethren, Lev 4:2b if he doeth מֵאַחַת מֵהֵ֫נָּה any one of these things, Lev 5:13; Ezek 18:10 מֵאַחַד מֵאֵלֶּה וְעָשָׂה אָח (where אח is a vox nihili) and doeth aught of these things; 1Sam 14:45 if there shall fall מִשַּׂעֲרַת ראֹשׁוֺ אַרְצָה a single hair of his head to the ground! (for שְׂעָרָה as a noun of individual meaning see Ges^{«GKC:122t»§ 122t} Dr), compare 2Sam 14:11; 1Kgs 1:52. (Probably a rhetorical application of the partitive sense, though the explanation 'starting from one' = 'even one' would also be possible. is used similarly after negative and interrogative particles, not merely with collective nouns, as nought have they of knowledge (Qor 18:4), but also with nouns of unity, as Qor 3:55 Ye have not aught of (= any) god, except Him; 19:19 dost thou perceive even one of them? 6:59 there falleth not even a single leaf (noun of individual meaning) without His knowing it. See further Thes, and W^{AG. ii. § 48 f.} b),
(e) (rare) specifying the objects, or elements, of which a genus consists (the Arabic , min of explication, W^{AG. ii. § 48 g}): Gen 6:2 אשׁר בחרו מכל consisting of all whom they chose, Gen 7:22; Gen 9:10; Lev 11:32 (מכל), 1Chr 5:18; Jer 40:7 (מאשׁר); Jer 44:28 and they shall know דְּבַרמִֿי יָקוּם מִמֶּנִּי וּמֵהֶם whose word shall stand, consisting of me and of them (defining the genus embraced by ׃מי compare both (of them), Abel as well as Cain, and Qor 3:193: W^l.c.). — On מֵאַיִן Jer 10:6; Jer 10:7, see אַיִן near the end.

4. of time — namely
a. as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period, from, since Deut 9:24 מִיּוֺם דַּעְתִּי אֶתְכֶם from the day of my (first) knowing you (so 1Sam 7:2; 1Sam 8:8 + ); 1Sam 18:9 מהיום ההוא וָהָֽלְאָה from that day and onwards, simil. Lev 22:27; Num 15:23; Ezek 39:22; Isa 18:2; Isa 18:7 (where מִןהֿוּא = מֵאֲשֶׁר הוּא; compare Nah 2:9 מִימֵי הִיא = מִימֵי אֲשֶׁר הִיא); מהיום ההוא וָמָֽעְלָה 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 30:25 (Hag 2:15; Hag 2:18 apparently of time backwards); מֵאָז from the time of . . . .; מִןהַֿבֶּטֶן from the womb Judg 13:5; Judg 13:7, מִבֶּטֶן אִמִּי Judg 16:17 +; מִימֵי ֗֗֗ Hos 10:9; Isa 23:7; Jer 36:2 +; מִיָּמֶיךָ idiomatic = since thou wast born 1Sam 25:28; 1Kgs 1:6 (מִיָּמָיו), Job 38:12 מִקֶּדֶם from antiquity Hab 1:12; Ps 74:12; Isa 42:14 הֶחֱשֵׁיתִי מֵעוֺלָם I have been silent since old time; מֵעַתָּה from now, hence-forth Jer 3:4 +, מִיּוֺם from to-day Jer 43:13; Ezek 48:35, מןהֿיום הזה Hag 2:19. See also 5 c, 7 c. compare Exod 33:6 מֵהַר חוֺרֵב from Horeb, Hos 13:4 I am ׳י thy God מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם.
b. as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit, after: Gen 38:24 כְּמִשְׁלשׁ חֳדָשִׁים after about three months it was told Judah, מִיָּמִים רַבִּים Josh 23:1; Ezek 38:8, מִיָּמִים after (some) days, Judg 11:4; Judg 14:8; Judg 15:1, מִיֹּמַיִם after two days Hos 6:2 מֵרֹב יָמִים Isa 24:22: more frequently with קֵץ or קָצֶה, Gen 4:3 מִקֵּץ יָמִים, Gen 8:3; Josh 3:2 + often; Deut 14:28 מִקְצֵה שָׁלשׁ שָׁנִים, Deut 15:1 שָׁנִים מִקְצֵה שֶׁבַע (by which is meant not the actual end of the three or seven years, but the period when the third or seventh year has arrived); מִמָּחֳרָת after the morrow (had arrived) = on the morrow, Gen 19:34 + often; מֵהַבֹּקֶר 2Sam 2:27. — 2Sam 23:4 מִמָּטָר; Isa 53:11 מֵעֲמַל נַפְשׁוֺ; perhaps Isa 29:18 (Kö⁵⁸¹). compare 2Sam 20:5 and he delayed מןהֿמועד beyond the appointed time.
c. in such phrases, however, מִן sometimes (compare 1 c) loses its significance: thus מֵאָז 2Sam 15:34; Isa 16:13 not from former time, but in former time, formerly, Gen 6:4 הַגִּבּוֺרִים אֲשֶׁר מֵעוֺלָם which were of old, Josh 24:2 dwelt of old, Ps 77:6 days מִקֶּדֶם aforetime, מֵאַחֲרֵי Deut 29:21 (p. 30). — מִקָּרוֺב literally from near, i.e. recently Deut 32:17, of short duration Job 20:5, shortly Ezek 7:8 at hand (in a local sense, 1 c) Jer 23:23.

5. (וְעַד) מִן ֗֗֗ עַד from . . . even, to : very oft .: —
a. in geography or local sense, Gen 10:19; Gen 15:18 מנהר מצרים עד הנהר הגדול, Gen 25:18; Exod 23:31; Deut 2:36; 1Sam 3:20; 2Sam 5:25; Jer 31:38; Ps 72:8 + often; so with מִלְּבוֺא 1Kgs 8:65 (2Chr 7:8), 2Kgs 14:25; Amos 6:14; Deut 13:8 מִקְצֵה הָאָרֶץ וְעַד קְצֵה הָאָרֶץ, Deut 28:64; Jer 12:12; Gen 47:21 מִקְצֵה גְּבוּלמִֿצְרַיִם וְעַדקָֿצֵהוּ, 1Kgs 6:24; 1Kgs 7:23 שְׂפָתוֺ מִשְּׂפָתוֺ וְעַד; Lev 13:12 מראשׁו ועד רגליו, Deut 28:35 ועד קדקדך מכף רגלך (similarly 2Sam 14:25; Job 2:7; Isa 1:6). compare 1Sam 9:2 מִשִּׁכְמוֺ וָמַ֫עְלָה, 2Sam 5:9; Josh 15:46.
b. metaphor not of actual space, but of classes of objects, to express idiomatically the idea ofcomprehension, so that the two prepositions may be often represented by both . . . and: Gen 19:4 מִנַּעַר וְעַדזָֿקֵן from young to old (i.e. both included) = both young and old, vGen 19:11; 1Sam 5:9 + מִקָּטֹן וְעַדגָּֿדוֺל = both great and small, Jer 6:13 מִקְּטַנָּם וְעַדגְּֿדוֺלָם from the least of them even to the greatest of them, ib. וְעַדכֹּֿהֵן מִנָּבִיא from the prophet even to the priest every one dealeth falsely, Exod 9:25 + מאדם ועד בהמה both man and beast, Exod 11:5 מבכור פרעהע֗֗֗ד ׳בכור השׁפחה וגו, Exod 13:15; Num 6:4; Deut 29:10 עד שֹׁאב מימיך מחֹטב עציך, Josh 8:25 + מאישׁ ועד אשׁה, 1Sam 15:3 (4 pairs), 1Sam 22:19; 1Kgs 5:13; 2Kgs 17:9 = 2Kgs 18:8, Isa 10:18 מנפשׁ ועד בשׂר = both soul and body, Jer 9:9 after a word implying a negative = either . . . or Gen 14:23; Gen 31:24; Gen 31:29 מטוב עד רע either good or evil. The עַד may be repeated, if required: Gen 6:7 עדבֿהמה עד רמשׂ ועדעֿוף השׁמים מאדם (so Gen 7:23), Exod 22:3; Josh 6:21; Judg 15:5 מִגָּדִישׁ וְעַדקָֿמָה וְעַדכֶּֿרֶם זָ֑יִת, Judg 20:48; 1Sam 30:19: without מן, Lev 11:42; Num 8:4. Similar is the use of מן in the idiom (וָמָֽטָּה) מִבֶּןשָׁ֗֗֗נָה וָמָֽעְלָה (also וְעַדבֶּֿן ֗֗֗ שָׁנָה); and compare 2Kgs 3:21
c. of time, Gen 46:34 מִנְּעֻרֵינוּ וְעַד עַתָּה from our youth even until now, 1Sam 12:2; Jer 3:25; Num 14:19; Exod 10:6; Exod 18:13 מןהֿבֹקר עדהֿערב, 1Sam 30:17; 1Kgs 18:26; Isa 9:6; Ps 90:2 + often: with two inff. Hos 7:4: and implying intervals (not duration) Ezek 4:10; Ezek 4:11 (compare with לְ Esth 3:7 (twice in verse)).
d. there occur further (1) מִן ֗֗֗ אֶלֿ, Josh 15:21; Exod 26:28 = Exod 36:33 מִןהַֿקָּצֶה אֶלהַֿקָּצֶה from end to end, Ezek 40:23; Ezek 40:27; Ezra 9:11 מִפֶּהאֶֿלפֶּֿה; Ps 144:13 מִזַּן אֶל זַן from kind to kind = kinds of every sort; with a verb of motion, Jer 48:11; Ps 105:13; 1Chr 17:5, and expressing a climax, Ps 84:8 יֵָֽלְכוּ מֵחַיִל אֶלחַֿיִל, Jer 9:2 (compare Rom 1:17): of time, מיוםאֿליֿום Num 30:15, compare 1Chr 16:23 (|| Ps 96:2 לְ); implying intervals, מֵעֵת אֶלעֵֿת 1Chr 9:25. (2) מִן ֗֗֗ לְ Exod 32:27; Ezek 40:13; Zech 14:10: of time Ps 96:2; Job 4:20: with intervals, 2Sam 14:26. (3) מִן ֗֗֗ הָ֯ Num 34:10; Ezek 6:14 מִמִּדְבָּר רִבְלָ֫תָה (so Ges Ew Hi etc.) from the wilderness to Riblah, Ezek 21:3; Ezek 25:13 מִתֵּימָן וּדְדָ֫נֶה (Co Kö Berthol); without ָ֯ 1Kgs 5:1. And of time in the phrase (implying intervals) מִיָּמִים יָמִ֫ימָה Exod 13:10 + 4 t.

6. In comparisons, beyond, above, hence in English than: so constantly: namely
a. when an object is compared with another distinct from itself, Judg 14:18 מַהמָּֿתוֺק מִדְּבַשׁ what is sweet away from, beyond in excess of, honey ? i.e. in our idiom, what is sweeter than honey ? Lev 21:10 הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֺל מֵאֶחָיו the priest that is great above his brethren, Num 14:12; Ezek 28:3 חָכָם מִדָּנִאֵל wiser than Daniel, Ps 119:72 + very often; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מֵעָ֑תָּה; with an infinitive (sometimes with לְ) as subject, Gen 29:10 ׳טוֺב תִּתִּי אֹתָהּ לְךָ מִתִּתִּי אֹתָהּ וגו better is my giving her to thee than my giving her to another, Exod 14:12; 1Sam 15:22; Prov 21:9; Prov 21:19; Prov 25:7; Ps 118:8; Ps 118:9 +; with verbs, Gen 19:9 עתה נָרַע לְךָ מֵהֶם now we will harm thee beyond them, more than them, Gen 25:23 לְאֹם מִלְאֹם יֶאֱמַץ, Gen 26:16; Gen 29:30 אתרֿחל מִלֵּאָה ויאהב גםֿ, Gen 38:26 צָֽדְקָה מִמֶּנִּי, Gen 48:19 יִגְדַּל מִמֶּנּוּ, Judg 2:19 השׁחיתו מאבותם they have done corruptly more than their fathers, 1Sam 2:29; 2Sam 20:6; 1Kgs 1:37; 1Kgs 14:9; Jer 5:3; Ezek 5:6 + often; = in, preference to, above, Ps 45:8; Ps 52:5 (twice in verse); Hos 6:6; Hab 2:16, after בחר Jer 8:3; Job 7:15; Job 36:21; Ps 84:11 (מִדּוּר) +: note also נֹפֵל מִן Job 12:3; Job 13:2 = inferior to (Ew Ges and others Hi; al. De); שֹׁנֶה מִן different from Esth 1:7; Esth 3:8.
b. when an object is compared with a group or multitude of which it forms one, especially with מִכֹּל, Gen 3:1 מִכֹּל חַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה עָרוּם subtil out of all beasts of the field, or beyond, above all (other) beasts, vGen 3:14 cursed above all cattle (but without implying any judgment whether other cattle are cursed likewise), Gen 37:3 Israel loved Joseph מִכָּלבָּֿנָיו out of all his sons, or above all his (other) sons, Deut 7:7; Deut 33:24 בָּרוּךְ מִבָּנִים אָשֵׁר blessed above sons be Asher, Judg 5:24 תְּבֹרַח מִנָּשִׁים blessed above women be Jael, 1Sam 9:2b 1Sam 15:33 כֵּן תִּשְׁכַּל מִנָּשִׁים אִמֶּ֑ךָ, 1Sam 18:30; Jer 17:9 עָקֹב מִכֹּל deceitful above all things, Ps 45:3; Song 5:10 דָּגוּל מֵרְבָבָה (compare בָּחַר מִן above 2 a c: ex in eximius, egregius; Iliad 18:431 ὅς σ’, ἐμοὶ ἐκ πάσεων Κρονίδης Ζεὺς ἄλγἐ ἔδωκεν, 3:227 ἔξοχος Ἀργείων . . . κεφαλήν).
c. sometimes in poetry the idea on which מן is logically dependent, is unexpressed, and must be understood by the reader, Isa 10:10 ופסיליהם מירושׁלם and their idols are (more) than (those of) Jerusalem, Mic 7:4 יָשָׁר מִמְּסוּכָה the uprightest is (sharper) than a thorn-hedge (but We from), Job 11:7; Job 28:18; Ps 4:8 מֵעֵת beyond (that of) the time when etc. Eccl 4:17; Eccl 9:17 compare Ezek 15:2.
d. מן not unfrequently expresses the idea of a thing being too much for a person, or surpassing his powers: Gen 18:14 דָּבָר הֲיִפָּלֵא ׳מי can a thing be too hard for J.? (so Deut 17:8 +; compare Ps 131:1; Ps 139:6 + ), Ps 32:11 קָטֹנְתִּי מִן, Deut 14:24 כִּי יִרְבֶּה מִמְּךָ הַדֶּרֶךְ = is too great for thee (1Kgs 19:7), 1Kgs 32:47 רֵק מִכֶּם: so with עָצַם Gen 26:16, כָּבֵד be too heavy for Exod 18:18; Ps 38:5, מָךְ Lev 27:8 (too poor to pay), קָשָׁה Deut 1:7, צַר be too narrow for, 2Kgs 6:1; Isa 49:19, קצר Isa 50:2, אָמַץ Ps 18:18, ירום נמני is too high for me Ps 61:3, גָּבַר Ps 65:4 ַהמְעַט מִמְּךָ Job 15:11 too little for thee ? ַהמְעַט מִכֶּם Num 16:9; Isa 7:13; Ezek 34:18 (see מְעַט; also on Ezek 16:20); often with an infinitive, as Gen 4:13 גָּדוֺל עֲוֺנִי מִנְּשׂוֺא is greater than I can bear, Gen 30:7 their substance was רַב מִשֶּׁבֶת יַחְדָּו literally great beyond dwelling together = too great for (their) dwelling together, Exod 12:4; Judg 7:2 מִתִּתִּי רַב = too great for me to give, 1Sam 25:17b 1Kgs 8:64 רַב מֵהָכִיל, Isa 28:20; Isa 33:19; Isa 59:1; Hab 1:13; Ps 40:6; Ruth 1:12: note especially רַב מִן it is more than that . . . (= there is enough of), Exod 9:28; 1Kgs 12:28, followed by substantive Ezek 44:6 (see רַב); and Isa 49:6 נָקֵל מִהְיוֺתְךָ לִי ׳עֶבֶד לְהָקִים וגו too light for thy being my servant was it to raise up, etc., Ezek 8:17 ׳הֲנָקֵל לְבֵית יִשְׂר ׳מֵעֲשׂוֺת וגו was it too trifling to the house of Israel for the doing etc. (less than the doing etc. deserved) ? (but ? read עֲשׂוֺת on analogue of 1Kgs 16:31).

7. מן is prefixed to an infin.:
a. with a causal force (rare), from, on account of, through (compare 2 f): Deut 7:7; Deut 7:8 אֶתְכֶם ׳מֵאַהֲבַת י through J.'s loving you = because J. loved you, Deut 9:28 (compare Deut 1:27 בְּ) 2Sam 3:11 מִיִּרְאָתוֺ אֹתוֺ = because he feared him, Isa 48:4 מִדַּעְתִּי ֗֗֗ = because I knew. . . So in מִבְּלִי ֗֗֗ , מִבִּלְתִּי.
b. after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc., as מִלֶּדֶת עֲצָרַנִי Gen 16:2 hath restrained me from bearing, וַתַּעֲמֹד מִלֶּדֶת Gen 29:35; Gen 30:9: so with חשׂך Gen 20:6 +, חדל + Exod 23:5 +, כִּלָּה + Exod 34:33 +, נִכְלָא Exod 36:6, מָנַע 1Sam 25:26 +, שׁבת Jer 31:36 +, יָרֵא מֵהַבִּיט Exod 3:6 +, שִׁמְרוּ מִןהַֿחֵרֶם Josh 6:18; 2Chr 25:13 הֵשִׁיב מִלֶּכֶת. Especially
(a) after similar verbs, expressing concisely a negative consequence, literally away from . . ., i.e. so as not to, so that not: Gen 23:6 b Gen 27:1 Jacob's eyes were dim, ֵמרְאֹת away from seeing = so that he could not see, Gen 31:29 נִשְׁמַר מִן (|| vGen 31:24 פֶּן), Exod 14:5; Lev 26:13; Num 32:7; Deut 28:55 (his eye shall be envious etc.) מִתֵּת from giving = so that he will not give, Judg 6:27; Judg 1:31; Judg 7:8 do not be silent from us מִזְּעֹק so as not to call (compare 1Kgs 22:3), 1Sam 8:7 me have they rejected מִמְּלֹךְ עליהם, 1Sam 16:1 (Hos 4:6), 2Sam 14:11 (read מֵהַרְבּוֺת), Isa 5:6; Isa 8:11; Isa 21:3; Isa 23:1 is destroyed מִבּוֺא so that none can enter in, Isa 24:10; Isa 33:15; Isa 44:18; Isa 49:15; Isa 54:9; Isa 56:6; Isa 58:13; Jer 10:14 נִבְעַר ֗֗֗ מִדַּעַת is stupefied so that he has no knowledge, Jer 13:14; Jer 33:21; Jer 33:24; Jer 33:26; Ezek 20:17; Mic 3:6; Zech 7:11; Zech 7:12; Ps 30:4 Qr, Ps 39:2; Ps 69:24; Ps 102:5 (after שָׁכַח, peculiarly), Ps 106:23; Lam 3:44; Lam 4:18; Job 34:30a 2Chr 36:13. So in חָלִילָהלִֿי מֵעֲשׂוֺת that I should not do Gen 44:17 +.
(b) still more concisely, especially in poetry, with a noun alone: 1Sam 15:23 has rejected thee מִמֶּלֶךְ from (being) king (1Sam 15:26 מֶלֶךְ מִהְיוֺת), Lev 26:43 מֵהֶם, Isa 7:8 יֵחַת מֵעָם shall be shattered from (being) a people, that it be no more a people, Isa 17:1 מוּסָר מֵעִיר, Isa 25:2b; Isa 52:14 מֵאִישׁ מַרְאֵהוּ כֵּן מִשְׁחַת marred away from (being) a man('s), Jer 2:25 מִיָּחֵף, Jer 17:16 מֵרֹעֶה, Jer 48:2 וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה מִגּוֺי, vJer 48:42 מֵעָם, Ps 8:6 hast made him lack but little מאלהים ut non esset Deus, Ps 83:5 מִגּוֺי, Prov 30:2 אָנֹכִי מֵאִישׁ בַּעַר too boorish to be a man: compare Dan 4:13; 1Kgs 15:13 וַיְסִרֶהָ מִגְּבִירָה removed her from (being) queen-mother, Ezek 16:41 וִהִשְׁבַּתִּיךְ מִזּוֺנָה; and even to express absolutely the non-existence of a thing not named in the principal clause, as Isa 23:1 שֻׁדַּד מִבַּיִת כִּי so that there is no house, Ezek 12:19 (Ezek 32:15), Ezek 25:9 מֵהֶעָרִים, Hos 9:11 (3 t. in verse); Hos 9:12; Mic 3:6; Hag 1:10 מִטָּ֑ל, Zech 7:14; Zech 9:8; Ps 39:3; Ps 49:15 מִזְּבֻללֿוֺ so that it has no dwelling, Ps 52:7 יִסָּֽחֲךָ מֵאֹהֶל pluck thee up tentless, Ps 109:24 is lean מִשָּׁ֑מֶן so that there is no fatness, Job 28:11; Job 33:21; Job 34:30b. Oft. strengthened by pleonastic אֵין or בְּלִי, as מֵאֵין יוֺשֵׁב Isa 5:9, מִבְּלִי יוֺשֵׁב see pp. 35:a, 115:b. compare Kö^{iii. 592 ff.}
c. with a temporal force, since, after (compare 4), chiefly late: Num 24:23 מִשֻּׂמוֺ אֵל after God's establishing him, Isa 44:7 מִשֻּׂמִי עַם עֿוֺלָם since I appointed the ancient people, Hos 7:4; Hag 2:16 (?) Ruth 2:18; Neh 5:14; 1Chr 8:8 מִןשִֿׁלְחוֺ אוֺתָם (compare 1Chr 6:16) 2Chr 31:10; Dan 11:23; Dan 12:1 (compare Dan 9:25), Ps 73:20 כַּחֲלוֺם מֵהָקִיץ after (one's) awaking, Job 20:4.

8. Once Deut 33:11 as a conjunction before a finite verb. Smite . . . his haters מִןיְֿקוּמוּן that they rise not again, in poetry for מִקּוּם (7 b): compare Dr^{§ 41}. — On מֵאֲשֵׁר adverb and conjunction.

9. In compounds: —
a. מֵאַחֲרֵי, מֵאֵת, מִבֵּין, מִבַּלְעֲדֵי, מִבַּ֫עַד, מִלְּ (common in Late Hebrew,

**for מִלְּ in Mishna see e.g. Babylonian Mez 7:10; Kil 8:1; Ter 8:11; Pes 1:6; Taan 2:7; Yeb 8:2; Eccl 4:17 מִלַּעֲשׂוֺת (have no knowledge so as not to do evil) is read by Siegf Wild; especially before infinitive; in O.T. only in מִלְּבַד, מִלְּבוֺא (above 5 a), מִלְמַ֫עְלָה, מִלְמַ֫טָּה, מִלְּעֻמַּת, מִלְּפָנִים, מִלִּפְנֵי, and, si vera lectio, מִלְמַעֲלֵה הֶחָ֑רֶס Judg 8:13, see מַעֲלֶה), מִנֶּגֶד, מֵעַל, מֵעִם, מִתַּ֫חַת; see אַחֲרֵי, אֵת, etc.
b. לְמִן (לְמִנִּי Mic 7:12 (twice in verse)), with לְ pleonastic, from = מִן, but used almost exclusively of the terminus a quo, whether of space or time (compare מִן

5.); — (I) of space, Deut 4:32; Judg 20:1 לְמִדַּן וְעַדבְּֿאֵר שֶׁבַע, Mic 7:12.Mic 7:12 (both לְמִנִּי), Zech 14:10; 1Chr 5:9 לְמֵרָחוֺק from afar Job 36:3; Job 39:29 (on Ezra 3:13; 2Chr 26:15, see below עַד לְ); לְמִתַּחַת לְ = underneath 1Kgs 7:32. Idiomatic, especially followed by וְעַד, to denote comprehensively an entire class, לְמֵאִישׁ וְעַד בְּהֵמָה Exod 11:7; Jer 51:62 (לְמֵאָדָם), לְמֵאִישׁ וְעַד אִשָּׁה 2Sam 6:19; 2Chr 15:13, לְמִקָּטֹן וְעַד גָּדוֺל 2Kgs 23:2; Jer 42:8, simil. 2Chr 15:13; Jer 31:34; Esth 1:5; Esth 1:20, לְמֵרָע וְעַדטֿוֺב 2Sam 13:22, וּלְמָ֑טָּה לְמִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה 1Chr 27:23, compare 2Chr 25:5. — On לְמִבֵּית Num 18:7. (2) of time (often following by עַד), לְמִן הַיּוֺם אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ from the day when . . ., Deut 4:32; Deut 9:7; 2Sam 7:11 (|| 1Chr 17:10 וּלְמִיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר) Jer 7:25; Jer 32:31; Hag 2:18 לְמִקְצָת הַיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ Dan 1:18 לְמִן הַיּוֺם followed by infinitive (in apposition) Exod 9:18; 2Sam 19:25 לְמִיּוֺם followed by infinitive (genitive) Judg 19:30; 2Sam 7:6; Isa 7:17 לְמִימֵי ֗֗֗ 2Kgs 19:25 (|| Isa 37:26 מימי) Mal 3:7 עולם ועד עולם למןֿ Jer 7:7; Jer 25:5 לְמֵרָחוֺק from afar = long before, 2Sam 7:19 = 1Chr 17:17; 2Kgs 19:25 = Isa 37:26.

מְנָאוֺת see מְנָת below מנה. below

[מַנְגִּינָה] see נגן.

BDB4724 H4480 H4482

II. מִנִּי, מִנֵּי see מִן. מִנִּי Ps 45:9 see I. [ מֵן].

מִנָיוֺת see מְנָת below מנה.

מִנְיָמִין, מִנְיָמִן see מִיָּמִן.

מִנְלָם see [ מִנְלֶה] below נלה.

BDB9670 H4481 H4480

מִן preposition from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than (Biblical Hebrew and general Aramaic id.); — rarely assimilated, as in Hebrew, see Dan 6:5 מִצַּד, Ezra 5:11; Ezra 6:14 suffix מִנִּי, מִנָּךְ 3 masculine מִנֵּהּ, feminine מִנַּהּ Dan 2:42; Dan 7:24 3 masculine plural מִנְּהוֺן (so Palmyrene Tariff ii. a 34; Nabataean, Egyptian Aramaic מנהם, Cooke^{No. 89. 6}, S-C^{Pap. A 10}) Dan 2:33 (twice in verse); Dan 2:41 (twice in verse); Dan 2:42 (twice in verse) Kt (Qr each time feminine מִנְּהֵן), Dan 6:3 (twice in verse); —

1. of place:
a. from, Dan 4:10; Dan 4:11; Dan 4:28; Dan 7:4 +, מִן תַּמָּה Ezra 6:6 figurative on the side or part of (compare Biblical Hebrew 1 c) Dan 6:5 מִצַּד מַלְכוּתָא.
b. out of, Dan 3:15; Dan 3:26; Dan 5:2; Dan 7:3, etc.
c. (coming) from Dan 2:35, away from, Dan 2:45; Dan 4:11; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:28; Jer 10:11.
d. to ask or exact of a person, Dan 2:16; Dan 2:49 +; Ezra 7:26 to deliver from Dan 6:21.

2. a. of the source (Biblical Hebrew 2 b), as to be fed from Dan 4:9 or author (ib. d), מִנִּי שִׂים טְעֵם = by me is a decree made, Dan 3:29; Dan 4:3 (Dan 6:27 מִןקֳֿדָמַי), Ezra 4:19 +, compare Ezra 5:17 מִנַּי = on my part Dan 2:5; Dan 2:8 (see אַזְדָּא).
b. of the immediate cause, as a result of, by, Dan 4:22 (= ב v.Dan 4:12 v.Dan 4:20), v.Dan 4:30; Dan 5:21: so with a verb of fearing Dan 5:19.
c. of the remoter cause, by reason of (Biblical Hebrew 2 f ), Dan 5:19 מִןרְֿבוּתָא, Dan 7:11 so מִןדִּֿי, see דִּי

3. d. of the norm (compare Biblical Hebrew 2 g) = at, according to, Ezra 6:14 ׳מִןטַֿעַם אֱלָהּ יִשׂ at the decree of, etc., Ezra 7:23; Dan 2:8 מִןיַֿצִּיב according to certainty, vDan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט.

3. partitively (Biblical Hebrew 3), Dan 6:3 חַד מִנְּהוֺן, Dan 7:8; Dan 7:16; Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13 (some) of Dan 2:41 מִןנִֿצְבְּתָא; מִנְּהוֺן מִ֗֗֗נְּהוֺן some . . . others of them Dan 2:33; Dan 2:41; Dan 2:42a; so vDan 2:42b מִ֗֗֗נַּהּ.

4. of time, from, Dan 2:20 (מִן ֗֗֗ וְעַד), Ezra 4:15; Ezra 4:19 see also אְדַיִן and דַּי

4.

5. in comparisons, different from Dan 7:3; Dan 7:7; Dan 7:19; Dan 7:23; Dan 7:24, beyond, more than Dan 2:30; Dan 2:39; Dan 6:30; Dan 7:20 end; Dan 4:13 לִבְבֵהּ מִןאֲֿנָשָׁא יְשַׁנּוֺן let his heart be changed away from man's (Biblical Hebrew 7 b b; Isa 52:14).

6. compounds: — see לְוָת, קֳדָס, [קַדְמָה], תְּחוֺת.

מְנֵא see מנה. below

of, from, than, for, thereof, …

min

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

(prep) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than

from (expressing separation), off, on the side of

(with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling)

הָ עָ֗ם

הָ

Prefix — article the

עָ֗ם

Root word people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

Dictionary form: עַם · am

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: the people

the people ×572 people ×220 of the people ×150 my people ×113 and the people ×110 his people ×78 thy people ×58 of my people ×50

More options

people — Most versatile rendering; fits collective and singular contexts.

nation — Emphasizes ethnic or political identity as a unified group.

community — Highlights shared belonging; good for social or covenant contexts.

population — Neutral, demographic tone; useful for census or mass-movement passages.

folk — Informal, grassroots feel; suits ordinary or rural settings.

crowd — Best for gathered assemblies rather than an ongoing social group.

BDB6144 H5971 H5993

I. עַם, עָם₁₈₄₀ noun masculine^{Gen 11:6} (see below) people (Late Hebrew id., plebeian, common man; ᵑ7 עַמָּא people, plural peoples, tribes, etc.; Syriac ; Arabic see above; original meaning probably those united, connected, related, compare We^{GGN 1893, 480}); — absolute עַם Gen 11:6 +, עָם Judg 9:36 +, הָעָם Josh 8:11 +; construct עַם Num 21:29 +; suffix עַמִּי Exod 3:7 +, עַמְּךָ Exod 22:27 +, etc.; plural עַמִּים Isa 2:3 +, עֲמָמִים (compare Biblical Aramaic) Neh 9:22 construct עַמֵּי 1Kgs 8:43 +, עַמְמֵי Neh 9:24 plural with suffix see II. עַם; — (Thes cites following as feminine וְחָטָאת עַמֶּ֑ךָ Exod 5:16 [but corrupt and unintellig.; read perhaps ׳וְחַטָאתָ לְע, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Di]; Judg 18:7 [but ישֶׁבֶת must agree with lost word city, or the like, see GFM]; Jer 8:5 [but read שׁוֺבַב for שׁוֺבְבָה Gie]); —

1. a people, nation (sometimes || גּוֺי), collective noun (singular Exod 21:8; Josh 17:14; Josh 17:15; Josh 17:17; 2Sam 17:29 + often, or plural Exod 20:15; Exod 24:2; Jer 5:31 + often, or both in same clause Exod 1:20; 2Sam 13:24): עַם אֶחָד = all mankind Gen 11:6 (J); peoples in general Gen 27:29 (J; || לְאֻמִּים), Exod 19:5 (E), Deut 2:25; Deut 4:6 + often Deuteronomy; Neh 13:24 + often; קְהַל עַמִּים Gen 28:3 (P) an assembly (multitude) of peoples, Gen 48:4 (P), Ezek 23:24; Ezek 32:3 (+ רַבִּים); one's own people Jer 46:16; Ps 45:11; Ruth 1:10; Ruth 1:15; Ruth 1:16 (twice in verse) + (on עַמִּי נָדִיב Song 6:12 see especially Bu); particular peoples, Egypt Gen 41:40 (E), Exod 1:22 (E), Neh 9:10 +; עַםאֲֿרָם Amos 1:5 עַםכְּֿמוֺשׁ (i.e. Moab) Num 21:29 (JE), Jer 48:46 but especially Israel Exod 1:20 (E) + often; ׳עַםבְּֿנֵי יִשׂ vExod 1:9 (J); called יהוה ׳ע Num 11:29 (E), 1Sam 2:24 +, and (by ׳י) עַמִּי Exod 3:7; Exod 5:1 (J) + often (all periods); קְהַל עַםהָֿאֱלֹהִים Judg 20:2, עַםהַֿקָּהָל Lev 16:33 (P), קְהַל עָם Ps 107:32 especially הָעָם הַזֶּה (often in contempt or disgust) Num 11:1; Num 11:12; Num 11:13 +; figurative of ants Prov 30:25, the shaphan vProv 30:26, locusts Joel 2:2, compare לְעַם לְצִיִּים Ps 74:14 (where read לְעַם צִיִּים Hup-Now). — On Judg 1:16 see עֲמָלֵקִי.

2. = smaller units, e.g.
a. inhabitants of a city Gen 19:4 (J), 1Sam 9:12; 1Sam 9:13; Jer 29:16; Jer 29:25; 2Chr 31:4 + (Jer 8:5 strike out ׳יְרוּוּשׁ ᵐ5 Gie Co Rothst).
b. inhabitants of a locality Jer 37:12 [apparently not = tribe, Deut 33:3 read עַמּוֺ ᵐ5 Di Dr, Hos 10:14; Judg 5:8; Judg 5:14 read בְּעָרֶיךָ We Now; see below ד].
c. retainers, followers Gen 14:16; Gen 32:8; Gen 33:15; Gen 35:6; Judg 3:18; Judg 8:5; 2Sam 15:17; Jer 41:13; Jer 41:14 +.
d. people bearing arms 1Sam 11:11; 1Kgs 20:10 +; כָּבֵד ׳ע Num 20:20 (JE), i.e. a powerful force; עַם הַצָּבָא Num 31:32 (P), הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳ע Josh 8:1; Josh 8:3; Josh 8:11; Josh 10:7; Josh 11:7 (all J E); so probably Judg 5:8 a (fighting) band; perhaps also vJudg 5:14 (read singular ? see GFM Bu).

3. = common people Jer 21:7; Jer 22:4; Lev 4:27 (opposed to ruler vLev 4:22), Neh 5:1 (opposed to יְהוּדִים), Neh 7:5 (opposed to rulers).

4. people in general, persons Gen 50:20 (E), so apparently ׳כָּלהָֿעָם אֲשֶׁר וגו Exod 33:16 (J), Num 11:34 (J), Josh 5:5 (twice in verse) (D), Judg 9:36 (as singular), vJudg 9:37 (as plural), Jer 36:9 persons labouring 1Kgs 9:23 superior persons Job 12:2 (iron.); עַם עוֺלָם Ezek 26:30 people of long ago (now in Sh®°ôl).

5. phrases are:
a. (עַמָּהּ, עַמִּי, עַמְּךָ) בְּנֵי עַמּוֺ members of one's people, compatriots, fellow-countrymen, etc. Num 22:5 (E), Gen 23:11 (P) Lev 19:18 (H), Judg 14:16; Judg 14:17; Ezek 33:2; Ezek 33:12 +.
b. בְּנֵי הָעָם = common people (see 3) 2Kgs 23:6; Jer 26:23 +; people in general שַׁעַר בְּנֵי הָעָם Jer 17:19 i.e. public gate 2Chr 35:5; 2Chr 35:12.
c. עַם הָאָרֶץ the people at large, as a body 2Kgs 11:14; 2Kgs 11:18; 2Kgs 11:19; 2Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 16:15; 2Kgs 21:24 (twice in verse) +, Jer 37:2; Jer 44:21; Lev 20:2 (H), Gen 23:7; Gen 23:12; Gen 23:13 (P); common people Jer 34:19, compare ׳הא ׳דַּלַּת ע 2Kgs 24:14 distinguished from prince Ezek 45:22; Ezek 46:3; Ezek 46:9, from priests Hag 2:4; Zech 7:5 = Canaanites Num 14:9 (JE), compare עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ 1Chr 5:25 mixed post-exile population Ezra 4:4.
d. עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ usually peoples of the earth Josh 4:24 (D), 2Chr 32:19 +; of heathen peoples about and in Palestine after exile Ezra 10:2; Ezra 10:11 traders Neh 10:31 עַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֺת Neh 9:30; Neh 10:29; 2Chr 32:13.
e. מִשְׁפְּחוֺת עַמִּים Ps 96:7 = 1Chr 16:28 (compare Ps 22:28). feminine בַּתעַֿמִּי = people personified Isa 22:4; Jer 4:11 + 7 t. Jeremiah + Jer 6:14 (van d. H.; omit בַּת Baer Gi), Lam 2:11; Lam 3:48; Lam 4:3; Lam 4:6; Lam 4:10 בְּתוּלַת בַּתעַֿמִּי Jer 14:17.
g. designations of Israel are: עַםקָֿרוֺשׁ Deut 7:6 + 3 t., קְדוֺשִׁים ׳ע Dan 8:24, (ה)קֹדֶשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:12; Isa 63:18; Dan 12:7 סְגֻלָּה ׳ע Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2; Deut 26:18.
h. of foreign (non-Israel) peoples: ׳ע נָכְרִי Exod 21:8 (E), אַחֵר ׳ע Deut 28:32, and especially from language, עִמְקֵי שָׂפָה ׳ע Ezek 3:5 compare vEzek 3:6, כִּלְשׁוֺן עַם וָעָם Neh 13:24 compare Esth 1:22 (twice in verse); Esth 3:12, לֹעֵג ׳ע Ps 114:1.
i. עַם עֶבְרָתִי Isa 10:6, חֶרְמִי ׳ע Isa 34:11, מִֿבְחָרָיו׳ע Dan 11:15, עַמֵּי תּוֺעֵבוֺת הָאֵלֶּה Ezra 9:14 לֹא עַם בִּינוֺת Isa 27:11. — For עַםעֿוֺלָם Isa 44:7 read (אֹתִיּוֺת) (מִי הִשְׁמִי)עַ מֵעוֺלָם Oort Du Kit Che^Hpt compare Perles^{Anal. 40, 64}.

BDB6147 H5971

II. [עַם] noun [masculine] kinsman

**later development of I. עַם RS^{K 58; 2nd ed. 72}. (on father's side) (Arabic paternal uncle, etc., see I. עמם; compare perhaps Tel Amarna ammu, kinsmen (?); on Nabataean עם ancestor compare Lzb^{151, 499}; see also especially Nes^{Eg 187, ZAW xvi (1896), 322f.} Krenkel^{ib. viii (1888), 280-84}); — suffix עַמִּי in בֶּןעַֿמִּי (q. v.), and proper name following; elsewhere plural suffix עַמֶּיךָ Num 27:13; Num 31:2 (Lev 19:16 read עַמְּךָ ᵐ5 ⅏), + (possibly) עֲמָָמֶיךָ Judg 5:14 עַמָּיו Gen 25:8 + 15 t., עַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:14 + 3 t.; read עַמֶּי (for ᵑ0 עַמִּי, I. עַם; compare Krenkel^{l.c. 281}) Gen 49:29 and perhaps Judg 14:3 (compare Lev 21:14); according to Buhl Kit also 2Kgs 4:13 — father's kinsmen: וַיֵּאָסֵף אֶלעַֿמָּיו Gen 25:8 (of joining kinsmen in Sh®°ôl), so vGen 25:17; Gen 35:29; Gen 49:33; Num 20:24; Deut 32:50, compare Gen 49:29 (see above), Num 27:13; Num 31:2; Deut 32:50 (all P); וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ מֵעַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:4 (severed from living kinsmen), so Lev 7:20; Lev 7:21; Lev 7:23; Lev 7:27; Lev 19:8; Lev 23:29; Num 9:13, מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Exod 31:14, compare Exod 30:33; Exod 30:38; Lev 17:9 (all PH); מֵעַמָּיו יִקַּח אִשָּׁה Lev 21:14 (H), and perhaps Judg 14:3 (simile I. עַם: [םָ֯, הָּ֯] מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֺ Lev 17:4; Lev 17:10; Lev 18:29+); other combinations Judg 5:14 (si vera lectio read perhaps בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ, see I. עַם 2 d ), Lev 21:1; Lev 21:4; Lev 21:15 (H), Ezek 18:18 and (perhaps) 2Kgs 4:13. — בֶּןעַֿמִּי perhaps = son of my kinsman; on proper name with עַם see Gray^{Prop. N. 41 ff}.

BDB9776 H5971 H5972

עַם noun masculine^{Ezra 6:12} people (see Biblical Hebrew I. עמם, עַם); — ׳ע absolute Dan 2:44; Dan 3:29; Ezra 6:12, construct Dan 7:27 emphatic עַמָּה Ezra 5:12, עַמָּא Ezra 7:13; Ezra 7:16; Ezra 7:25 plural emphatic עַמֲמַיָּא (K^{§§ 15d}); 55, 5 a)) Dan 3:4; Dan 3:7 (twice in verse); Dan 3:31; Dan 5:19; Dan 6:26; Dan 7:14.

people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

ʿam

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

nation, people

people, nation

עֶשְׂרִ֤ים

Root word twenty, twentieth, twentys

Dictionary form: עֶשְׂרִים · es-REEM

Adjective — Cardinal Number, both plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"; a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: twenty

and twenty ×87 twenty ×87 and twentieth ×27 from twenty ×24 were twenty ×17 was twenty ×15 of twenty ×8 in the twenty ×4

More options

twenty — Standard cardinal number; use in most contexts.

twentieth — Ordinal form; use for dates, ranks, or sequence.

twenty-fold — Use when multiplying or expressing magnitude.

score — Literary/poetic register; one score equals twenty.

BDB6439 H6230 H6242

עֵ֫שֶׂק proper name, of a well in southwest Palestine Gen 26:20 (explanation as contention); — locality unknown, ᵐ5 Ἀδικία.

BDB6441 H6235 H6242

עֶשֶׂר, עֲשָׂרָה₁₇₆ noun masculine and feminine ten (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; perhaps MI³³ עשרֿ; Phoenician עשר, עסר, עשרת, etc.; Arabic , ; Sabean עשר SabDenkm^{No. 11 b, l. 5, 6,} עשרת and compounds Hom^{Chrest. 48}; Ethiopic , ; Assyrian ešertu; ᵑ7 עֲסַר, עַסְרָא; עֲשַׂר, עַשְׂרָא; Syriac , ; Nabataean עשר, all = ten; Palmyrene עשרתא the Ten (rulers)); —

masculine (with noun feminine) עֶ֫שֶׂר 2Sam 15:16 + 53 t. (absolute and construct usually indistinguishable); עָ֑שֶׁר 1Kgs 7:43; 1Chr 6:46 feminine (c. noun masculine): absolute עֲשָׂרָה Gen 24:10 + 69 t.; construct (probably) עֲשֶׂ֫רֶת 1Sam 17:18 + 46 t.; feminine plural עֲשָׂרֹת Exod 18:21 + 2 t.; — on plural עֶשְׂרִים, 20, see below; —

1. a ten, only feminine plural tens in phrase ׳שָׂרֵי ע captains of tens Exod 18:21; Exod 18:25 (E), Deut 1:15.

2. ten, enumerating person or things, usually without other numbers:
a. עֶ֫שֶׂר before feminine plural noun, Gen 45:23 + 43 t. after noun 1Kgs 7:27; 1Kgs 7:43 + late passages Josh 15:57; Josh 21:5; Josh 21:26 (all P), 1Chr 6:46; 2Chr 4:7 before בָּאַמָּה = ten cubits 1Kgs 6:3; 1Kgs 6:25; 1Kgs 6:26; 1Kgs 7:23; 1Kgs 7:24.
b. עֲשָׂרָה before masculine plural noun, Gen 45:23 + 25 t. (including אֲלָפִים ׳ע = 10,000 2Sam 18:3; 2Kgs 24:14 Kt, עֲשֶׂרֶת Qr); before n.collective בָּקָר 1Kgs 5:3, רֶכֶב 2Kgs 13:7 also לֶחֶם הַוֶּה ׳ע 1Sam 17:17 these ten loaves, compare 1Kgs 14:3 אֶלֶף ׳ע Ezek 45:1 read ׳עֶשְׂרִיס א ᵐ5 Hi Co Berthol Toy; after masculine plural noun Gen 32:16 (twice in verse); Gen 43:3 (all E), Josh 17:5 (JE), Num 29:23 (P), 1Kgs 7:43; 2Chr 4:6; 2Chr 4:8; Dan 1:12; Dan 1:14; Dan 1:15 ; after n.collective צאֹן 2Chr 30:24 noun omitted, that is men, Gen 18:32 (J) Amos 5:3; Ezra 8:4 that is shekels (weight) Gen 24:22 (J) Num 7:14 + 13 t. Num 7 (זָהָב ׳ע); כֶסֶף ׳ע (that is shekels, value) 2Sam 18:11 that is measures (of grain) Hag 2:16 with article the ten Gen 18:23 (J; that is men), Neh 11:1 (id. = every ten); as predicate Exod 27:12 (twice in verse) = Exod 38:12 (twice in verse) (all P) .
c. עֲשֶׂ֫רֶת before masculine plural noun Exod 34:28 + 18 t., + כַּעֲשֶׂרֶת הַיָּמִים 1Sam 25:38 (on article compare Weir in Dr, but dubious; probably omitted, so ᵐ5 We Bu), + אֲלָפִים ׳ע = 10,000 Judg 1:4 + 26 t.; noun omitted כֶּסֶף ׳ע (that is shekels) Judg 17:10.

3. rarely + other number:
a. עֶשֶׂר after larger number, מֵאָה שָׁנִים ׳וָע Gen 50:22; Gen 50:26; Josh 24:29 (all E), Judg 2:8.
b. ׳ע before larger number עֶשֶׂר שָׁנִים וּתְשַׁע מֵאוֺת שָׁנָה Gen 5:14 (P).
c. עֲשָׂרָה after larger number, מֵאָה וַעֲשָׂרָה הַזְּכָרִים Ezra 8:12, compare (noun preceding) Ezra 1:10.
d. עֲשָׂרָה after smaller number, שִׁבְעָה שְׁקָלִים וַעֲשָׂרָה הַכָּ֑סֶף Jer 32:9 = seventeen shekels; before smaller number + singular noun עֲשָׂרָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה שֶׁקֶל Ezek 45:12, but read חֲמִשִּׁים joining עֲשָׂרָה to preceding, ᵐ5^A Hi Co and others

BDB6445 H6242 H6235

עֶשְׂרִים₃₁₅ noun plural indeclinable (a) twenty (ancient plural of עֶשֶׂר Prä^{BAS i. 376}; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Arabic ; Assyrian ešrâ; Sabean עשרי Hom^{Chrest. 48}; Ethiopic Aramaic עשרין, ; Nabataean עשרין); —

I. as cardinal:

1. without other number:
a. usually followed by singular noun (especially שָׁנָה, אִישׁ, אַמָּה, etc.) Gen 31:38; 1Sam 14:14; Exod 38:18 + 64 t., + עֶשְׂרִים אֶלֶף 20,000 1Chr 18:4 + 7 t. + Ezek 45:1 (reading עֶשְׂרִים אָ֑לֶף, see עֶשֶׂר 2 b).
b. followed by plural noun 2Sam 3:20; Exod 36:23; Exod 36:24; Exod 36:25 + 4 t.
c. followed by singular noun collective 1Kgs 5:3.
d. plural noun precedes Gen 32:15 (twice in verse); Gen 32:16; 2Chr 3:3 + 6 t.
e. noun omitted Gen 18:31 (twice in verse) (׳הָע), 1Kgs 6:2 + 6 t., as predicate Exod 27:10 (twice in verse); Exod 27:11 (twice in verse) + 4 t. feminine + בָּאַמָּה Zech 5:12.

2. + other number:
a. with units, usually 20 + (with וְ) unit + singular noun Judg 10:2; Judg 10:3; 1Kgs 14:20 + 58 t. (including 20 + 1 * 1000, etc., 27 t.); noun omitted Josh 15:32 + 2 t. predicate; less often unit + 20 + singular noun Gen 11:24; Exod 38:24; Num 8:24 (all P) + 27 t.; unit + 20 + בָּאַמָּה Ezek 40:21; Exod 26:2; Exod 36:9 (both P).
b. 20 + unit + plural noun Num 7:8 (twice in verse) (P), 1Chr 2:22 + 3 t. Chronicles
c. plural noun + 20 + unit Josh 19:30 (twice in verse); 1Chr 12:29 (van d. H. v.1Chr 12:28).
d. c. hundreds, 20 usually following; followed by singular noun 1Kgs 9:14; Gen 6:3; Deut 31:2 + 7 t.; noun omitted 2Chr 3:4; Ezra 2:32 = Neh 7:35 20 + 100 (noun omitted) Num 7:86.
e. plural noun + 100 + 20 1Chr 15:5; 1Chr 15:6 — compare further מֵאָה. II. as ordinal:

1. 20 alone, ׳בִּשְׁנַת ע in the twentieth year 1Kgs 15:9 + 4 t.; noun omitted Num 10:11 + 3 t.

2. a. 20 + unit + ns. Ezek 29:17; Ezek 40:1.
b. ns. + 20 + unit Hag 1:15; 2Chr 7:10 +; ns. + unit + 20 Exod 12:8 בִּשְׁנַת + 20 + unit 1Kgs 16:10, etc. — See references below עֶשֶׂר.

twenty, twentieth, twentys

ʿeśrîm

twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth

twenty, twentieth

וּ שְׁנַ֙יִם֙

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

שְׁנַ֙יִם֙

Root word two, twelve, both, twelfth, second, …

Dictionary form: שְׁנַיִם · sheh-na-YIM

Adjective — Cardinal Number, masculine dual, absolute state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: and two

two ×174 and two ×106 the two ×62 twelve ×34 both ×31 were twelve ×27 and the two ×23 and twelve ×15

More options

two — Standard cardinal number; fits virtually every context.

both — Use when referring to a pair already mentioned.

a pair — Emphasizes the twosome as a unit or set.

double — Prefer when quantity or amount is being doubled.

twice — Use for repetition or frequency, not counting objects.

twelve — Compound use; only when context indicates ten-plus-two.

BDB10007 H8145 H8147

תנא (ᵑ7 Syriac; = Biblical Hebrew II. שָׁנָה, שְׁנַיִם, שֵׁנִי).

BDB8886 H8147

שְׁנַ֫יִם, שְׁתַּיִם (Philippi^{ZMG xlix (1895), 202} Ges^{«GKC:97b»§ 97b} note):768 noun masculine and feminine dual two (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician אשנם (and ׳שנ second), Punic שנם Lzb³⁸⁰; Arabic ; Sabean תֿני Hom^{Chr 47}, Aramaic תְּרֵין, (תִּנְיָנָא, second); Nabataean תרין, Palmyrene feminine תרתן, תרתיא, Lzb³⁸⁸; Assyrian šinâ; on etymology see √, and especially Philippi^{ZMG xxxii (1878), 21-98}); —

masculine (with masculine noun) שְׁנַיִם Amos 3:3 +; construct שְׁנֵי Isa 7:16 +, suffix שְׁנֵיהֶם Gen 2:25 +, etc.; feminine (with feminine noun) שְׁתַּיִם Amos 4:8 +; construct שְׁתֵּי Gen 4:19, וּשְׁתֵּי Isa 7:21 +, etc., מִשְּׁתֵֿי Judg 16:28 (see GFM); suffixes see below (2 + 10 = 12, see below); Hexateuch chiefly P; — two:

1. no other number:
a. usually construct before plural noun (צְמִידִים) שְׁנֵי Gen 24:22 + 19 t. + 2Sam 23:20 || 1Chr 11:22 (insert בְּנֵי ᵐ5 Th modern, otherwise RS^{Semitic i. 469, 2nd ed., 488}); (נָשִׁים) שְׁתֵּי Gen 4:19 + 132 t., 1Sam 10:4 insert כִּכְּרוֺת Klo HPS Bu Now; Lev 16:21 read dual יָדָיו Qr, + Judg 16:28 (see above) + שְׁתֵּיאֵֿלֶּה Isa 47:9 both these things; before singular noun, שְׁנֵי Exod 16:22 (Ges^{«GKC:134e»§ 134e}); suffix שְׁנֵיתֶם the two of them Gen 2:25 + 62 t., + Prov 24:22 (> their years ᵑ6 ᵑ7 De and others; probably corrupt, see Toy), שְׁנֵינוּ Gen 31:37 + 2 t., שְׁנֵיכֶם Gen 27:45 שְׁתֵּיהֶם (masculine suffix! Ges^{«GKC:135o»§ 135o}) Ruth 1:19; Ruth 4:11, יֵ֯הֶן 1Sam 25:43; Ezek 23:13.
b. absolute (1) שְׁנַ֫יִם (90 t.), before plural noun Judg 11:37 + 26 t.; after plural noun 2Sam 1:1; Exod 29:1+ 21 t. (usually P Chronicles), singular noun (collective) Gen 46:27; Num 7:17 + 11 t. Num 17 noun omitted Gen 7:2; Gen 44:27 + 26 t.; ׳שׁ ׳שׁ distributive Gen 7:9 +; ׳לִשׁ cut in two 2Kgs 3:25; Jer 34:18 = double amount Exod 22:3; Exod 22:6; Exod 22:8 (E); ׳פִּי שׁ Deut 21:17 double portion, + בְּרוּחֲךָ 2Kgs 2:9 in (of) thy spirit, + בָּהּ Zech 3:18 (2) שְׁתַּ֫יִם (55 t.) before plural noun 1Kgs 3:16 + 16 t.; after plural noun (usually P and late) 2Chr 24:3 + 9 t.; noun omitted, = two things Isa 51:19; Job 13:20; Prov 30:7 שְׁתַּיִם = twice 2Kgs 6:10; Job 40:5; Ps 62:12 (or as Prov 30:7), ׳בִּשׁ Job 33:14 either so, or in two ways RVm (see De); as ordinal בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְ 1Kgs 15:25 + 9 t., etc.; (3) as round number, שְׁנַיִם עֵצִים 1Kgs 17:12 a few sticks (German 'ein paar'), compare 2Kgs 9:32; Isa 17:6 שְׁתַּיִם שָׁלשׁ Amos 4:8, פַּעַם וּשְׁתָּ֑יִם Neh 13:20, compare Jer 3:14 אֶחָד מֵעִיר וּשְׁנַיִם מִמִּשְׁפָּחָה = a small number; Ezra 10:13 not for one or two days (but for many), 2Kgs 6:10.

2. twelve: with noun masculine שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר Gen 42:13 + 87 t., לִשְׁנֵי עָשָׂר Exod 28:21 + 4 t.; with noun feminine שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה Exod 24:4 + 34 t., שְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה Ezek 32:1; Ezek 32:17; Ezek 33:21 before plural noun Gen 17:20; Exod 15:27 +; after plural noun Num 7:84 (twice in verse) +; before singular noun Exod 28:21 +, Gen 14:4 (12 year) +, etc.; as ordinal, יוֺם בְּיוֺם שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר Num 7:78, בִּשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה Ezek 32:1 +, etc.

3. with larger number: 10 (etc.) + 2, 2Sam 8:5; Judg 10:3 + 56 t.; 2 + 10 (etc.) Num 1:35 (P), 2Chr 22:2 + 18 t. (Kö^{ii. 1. 215 ff.} Ges^{«GKC:97f»§ 97f}.); 200 + 2 + 30, 1Kgs 20:15 50 + 2 as ordinal 2Kgs 15:27 + 2 t.; compare 2 + 20, 1Chr 24:17.

two, twelve, both, twelfth, second, …

šĕnayim

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

two

two (the cardinal number)

two, both, double, twice

אֶ֔לֶף

Root word thousand, thousands, hundred, two

Dictionary form: אֶלֶף · eh-LEP

Adjective — Cardinal Number, both singular, absolute state a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: thousand

thousand ×332 a thousand ×56 two thousand ×18 of thousands ×13 and a thousand ×9 over thousands ×6 and two thousand ×5 of the thousands ×4

More options

thousand — Standard modern rendering; suits most contexts.

thousands — Use for plural forms or large collective quantities.

unit of a thousand — Clarifies exact numeric sense in technical passages.

contingent — Military/tribal subdivision; prefer in census or battle lists.

clan — Social unit sense; fits tribal-organization contexts.

troop — Informal military grouping; vivid in narrative battle scenes.

BDB504 H503 H505

II. אֶ֫לֶף noun masculine^{Judg 6:15} thousand (אלף MI, SI, Sabean DHM^{ZMG 1875, 615}; Arabic , Aramaic , אֲלַף, אלפיא) — ׳) א׳(אָ֑ Gen 20:16 +; suffix אַלְפִּי Judg 6:15 dual אַלְפַּיִם Num 4:36 +; plural אֲלָפִים Exod 18:21 +; construct אַלְפֵי Exod 32:28 +; אֲלָפֶיךָ Deut 7:13 + 2 t.; אֲלָפָיו Qr 1Sam 18:7 + 2 t. (Kt פֿו) — a thousand.

1. numeral:
a. used with noun alone; mostly before noun Num 35:4; Josh 7:3; Neh 3:13; 1Chr 18:4 +; after noun (late) 1Chr 12:35 + 6 t. Chronicles Ezra Nehemiah; בָּאַפָּה ׳א Num 35:5 (4 t. in verse); Ezek 47:3 (strike out Co); the noun always plural when preceding, sometimes when following, 1Sam 25:2; 1Kgs 3:4; 2Kgs 18:23 = Isa 36:8; 2Chr 30:24; Ps 90:4; Job 42:12; Eccl 6:6 elsewhere singular אישׁ Judg 9:49; Judg 15:15; Judg 15:16; Josh 7:3 +; אַמָּה Num 35:4 + (so SI); דּוֺר Deut 7:9 +, compare 1Chr 18:4; 1Chr 19:6; 2Kgs 15:19; Job 42:12; Song 4:4; Isa 7:23, noun sometimes collective; ׳א plural construct Mic 6:7; Ps 119:72; Gen 24:60 noun not expressed (or not fully) Gen 20:16; Num 31:5; Num 31:6 +; distributive אֶלֶף ֗֗֗ אֶלֶף Num 31:4 multiplicative Deut 1:11 פְּעָמִים ׳א; indefinite for great number (plural) Exod 20:6; Exod 34:7; Deut 5:10; Jer 32:18, (singular) Deut 32:30; Eccl 6:6 +.
b. ׳א + other number usually precedes it Exod 38:25 + often; but following רִבּוֺא Ezra 2:64 + 2 t.; it follows also smaller number Num 3:50; 1Kgs 5:12 (so SI); the noun following in singular Exod 28:25 + 8 t.; plural 2Sam 8:4 + 2 t.; noun precedes, in plural (late) Dan 12:12 + 2 t.; noun not expressed Exod 38:28 + often
c. ׳א X other number always following Exod 12:37 +; usual order is no. X ׳א + additional no. (if any) + noun (if expressed) Num 31:52; Judg 20:35 compare Exod 12:37; 2Kgs 3:4 (twice in verse) +; less often noun + no. X ׳א Num 31:33; 1Kgs 8:63 +; (other combinations see Exod 38:26; Num 26:51; Num 31:32; Ezek 48:30; 1Chr 29:7 etc.); ׳א usually singular Num 11:21 +; except after units, where plural absolute Num 1:46; Judg 20:34 + (so MI); seldom plural construct Exod 32:28; Judg 4:10; Job 1:3 (twice in verse); (noun mostly singular when following Judg 4:10; 1Kgs 12:21+, yet plural Josh 4:13; 1Sam 13:5 +; when preceding it is plural 1Chr 5:21 +, or collective Num 31:33; 1Sam 25:2; 1Kgs 8:63; 2Chr 7:5 +); אֶלֶף אֲלָפִים 1Chr 21:5; 1Chr 22:14; 2Chr 14:8 אַלְפֵי שִׁנְאָן Ps 68:18, compare שִׁנְאָן; בְּהַרֲרֵי אָ֑לֶף Ps 50:10, read אֵל compare Ps 36:7, Ol Bi Che; yet see Hup De. —

Note. 10,000 = עֲשֶׂרֶת אֲלָפִים etc. Judg 1:4; Judg 3:29; 1Kgs 5:28; 1Chr 29:7 +; less often רִבּוֺ, רְבָבָה etc. q. v.

2. a thousand, a company of 1000 men, as united under one superior, or leader, hence ׳(שָׂרֵי) שַׂר א Exod 18:21; Exod 18:25 compare Num 31:14 +; compare יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳רָאשֵׁי א Num 1:16; Num 10:4; Josh 22:21; Josh 22:30 & see below; compare also 1Sam 29:2 especially family, etc. Judg 6:15; 1Sam 10:19 (|| שֵׁבֶט & compare מִשְׁפַּחַת v1Sam 10:21); compare Mic 5:2 — Num 10:36 (רִבְבוֺת אַלְפֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל) Num 31:5; Josh 22:14; 1Sam 23:23 apparently shew transition to this technical use. **[אָלַף] verb denominative Hiph`il Ps 144:13 מַאֲלִיפוֺת producing thousands (subject צאֹן).

BDB9305 H505 H506

אֲלַ֑ף noun masculine 1,000 (= Biblical Hebrew II. אֶ֫לֶף); — absolute ׳א (noun person precedes) Dan 5:1 noun omitted, emphatic אַלְפָּא vDan 5:1 the thousand (just mentioned); construct + plural absolute אֶ֫לֶף אֲלָפִ֯ים Dan 7:10 a thousand thousands (< Qr אַלְפִין K^{§ 51, 2}).

thousand, thousands, hundred, two

ʾelep

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

a thousand

as numeral

as a company of men under one leader, troops

וַ ֽעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

ֽעֲשֶׂ֥רֶת

Root word ten, tens

Dictionary form: עֶשֶׂר · eh-SER

Adjective — Cardinal Number, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word; a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: ten

ten ×72 and ten ×26 of ten ×19 the ten ×5 and the ten ×4 thee ten ×4 was ten ×4 about ten ×3

More options

ten — Default numeral; fits virtually every context.

tens — Use for plural/group sense, e.g. counting by tens.

a group of ten — Clarifies collective unit in organizational contexts.

decade — Rare; only where a set-of-ten grouping is emphasized.

tenfold — Only when multiplicative nuance is clearly intended.

BDB6441 H6235 H6242

עֶשֶׂר, עֲשָׂרָה₁₇₆ noun masculine and feminine ten (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; perhaps MI³³ עשרֿ; Phoenician עשר, עסר, עשרת, etc.; Arabic , ; Sabean עשר SabDenkm^{No. 11 b, l. 5, 6,} עשרת and compounds Hom^{Chrest. 48}; Ethiopic , ; Assyrian ešertu; ᵑ7 עֲסַר, עַסְרָא; עֲשַׂר, עַשְׂרָא; Syriac , ; Nabataean עשר, all = ten; Palmyrene עשרתא the Ten (rulers)); —

masculine (with noun feminine) עֶ֫שֶׂר 2Sam 15:16 + 53 t. (absolute and construct usually indistinguishable); עָ֑שֶׁר 1Kgs 7:43; 1Chr 6:46 feminine (c. noun masculine): absolute עֲשָׂרָה Gen 24:10 + 69 t.; construct (probably) עֲשֶׂ֫רֶת 1Sam 17:18 + 46 t.; feminine plural עֲשָׂרֹת Exod 18:21 + 2 t.; — on plural עֶשְׂרִים, 20, see below; —

1. a ten, only feminine plural tens in phrase ׳שָׂרֵי ע captains of tens Exod 18:21; Exod 18:25 (E), Deut 1:15.

2. ten, enumerating person or things, usually without other numbers:
a. עֶ֫שֶׂר before feminine plural noun, Gen 45:23 + 43 t. after noun 1Kgs 7:27; 1Kgs 7:43 + late passages Josh 15:57; Josh 21:5; Josh 21:26 (all P), 1Chr 6:46; 2Chr 4:7 before בָּאַמָּה = ten cubits 1Kgs 6:3; 1Kgs 6:25; 1Kgs 6:26; 1Kgs 7:23; 1Kgs 7:24.
b. עֲשָׂרָה before masculine plural noun, Gen 45:23 + 25 t. (including אֲלָפִים ׳ע = 10,000 2Sam 18:3; 2Kgs 24:14 Kt, עֲשֶׂרֶת Qr); before n.collective בָּקָר 1Kgs 5:3, רֶכֶב 2Kgs 13:7 also לֶחֶם הַוֶּה ׳ע 1Sam 17:17 these ten loaves, compare 1Kgs 14:3 אֶלֶף ׳ע Ezek 45:1 read ׳עֶשְׂרִיס א ᵐ5 Hi Co Berthol Toy; after masculine plural noun Gen 32:16 (twice in verse); Gen 43:3 (all E), Josh 17:5 (JE), Num 29:23 (P), 1Kgs 7:43; 2Chr 4:6; 2Chr 4:8; Dan 1:12; Dan 1:14; Dan 1:15 ; after n.collective צאֹן 2Chr 30:24 noun omitted, that is men, Gen 18:32 (J) Amos 5:3; Ezra 8:4 that is shekels (weight) Gen 24:22 (J) Num 7:14 + 13 t. Num 7 (זָהָב ׳ע); כֶסֶף ׳ע (that is shekels, value) 2Sam 18:11 that is measures (of grain) Hag 2:16 with article the ten Gen 18:23 (J; that is men), Neh 11:1 (id. = every ten); as predicate Exod 27:12 (twice in verse) = Exod 38:12 (twice in verse) (all P) .
c. עֲשֶׂ֫רֶת before masculine plural noun Exod 34:28 + 18 t., + כַּעֲשֶׂרֶת הַיָּמִים 1Sam 25:38 (on article compare Weir in Dr, but dubious; probably omitted, so ᵐ5 We Bu), + אֲלָפִים ׳ע = 10,000 Judg 1:4 + 26 t.; noun omitted כֶּסֶף ׳ע (that is shekels) Judg 17:10.

3. rarely + other number:
a. עֶשֶׂר after larger number, מֵאָה שָׁנִים ׳וָע Gen 50:22; Gen 50:26; Josh 24:29 (all E), Judg 2:8.
b. ׳ע before larger number עֶשֶׂר שָׁנִים וּתְשַׁע מֵאוֺת שָׁנָה Gen 5:14 (P).
c. עֲשָׂרָה after larger number, מֵאָה וַעֲשָׂרָה הַזְּכָרִים Ezra 8:12, compare (noun preceding) Ezra 1:10.
d. עֲשָׂרָה after smaller number, שִׁבְעָה שְׁקָלִים וַעֲשָׂרָה הַכָּ֑סֶף Jer 32:9 = seventeen shekels; before smaller number + singular noun עֲשָׂרָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה שֶׁקֶל Ezek 45:12, but read חֲמִשִּׁים joining עֲשָׂרָה to preceding, ᵐ5^A Hi Co and others

BDB6445 H6242 H6235

עֶשְׂרִים₃₁₅ noun plural indeclinable (a) twenty (ancient plural of עֶשֶׂר Prä^{BAS i. 376}; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Arabic ; Assyrian ešrâ; Sabean עשרי Hom^{Chrest. 48}; Ethiopic Aramaic עשרין, ; Nabataean עשרין); —

I. as cardinal:

1. without other number:
a. usually followed by singular noun (especially שָׁנָה, אִישׁ, אַמָּה, etc.) Gen 31:38; 1Sam 14:14; Exod 38:18 + 64 t., + עֶשְׂרִים אֶלֶף 20,000 1Chr 18:4 + 7 t. + Ezek 45:1 (reading עֶשְׂרִים אָ֑לֶף, see עֶשֶׂר 2 b).
b. followed by plural noun 2Sam 3:20; Exod 36:23; Exod 36:24; Exod 36:25 + 4 t.
c. followed by singular noun collective 1Kgs 5:3.
d. plural noun precedes Gen 32:15 (twice in verse); Gen 32:16; 2Chr 3:3 + 6 t.
e. noun omitted Gen 18:31 (twice in verse) (׳הָע), 1Kgs 6:2 + 6 t., as predicate Exod 27:10 (twice in verse); Exod 27:11 (twice in verse) + 4 t. feminine + בָּאַמָּה Zech 5:12.

2. + other number:
a. with units, usually 20 + (with וְ) unit + singular noun Judg 10:2; Judg 10:3; 1Kgs 14:20 + 58 t. (including 20 + 1 * 1000, etc., 27 t.); noun omitted Josh 15:32 + 2 t. predicate; less often unit + 20 + singular noun Gen 11:24; Exod 38:24; Num 8:24 (all P) + 27 t.; unit + 20 + בָּאַמָּה Ezek 40:21; Exod 26:2; Exod 36:9 (both P).
b. 20 + unit + plural noun Num 7:8 (twice in verse) (P), 1Chr 2:22 + 3 t. Chronicles
c. plural noun + 20 + unit Josh 19:30 (twice in verse); 1Chr 12:29 (van d. H. v.1Chr 12:28).
d. c. hundreds, 20 usually following; followed by singular noun 1Kgs 9:14; Gen 6:3; Deut 31:2 + 7 t.; noun omitted 2Chr 3:4; Ezra 2:32 = Neh 7:35 20 + 100 (noun omitted) Num 7:86.
e. plural noun + 100 + 20 1Chr 15:5; 1Chr 15:6 — compare further מֵאָה. II. as ordinal:

1. 20 alone, ׳בִּשְׁנַת ע in the twentieth year 1Kgs 15:9 + 4 t.; noun omitted Num 10:11 + 3 t.

2. a. 20 + unit + ns. Ezek 29:17; Ezek 40:1.
b. ns. + 20 + unit Hag 1:15; 2Chr 7:10 +; ns. + unit + 20 Exod 12:8 בִּשְׁנַת + 20 + unit 1Kgs 16:10, etc. — See references below עֶשֶׂר.

BDB9801 H6236 H6235

עֲשַׂר, עַשְׂרָה noun masculine and feminine a ten (see Biblical Hebrew); — masculine (following feminine noun) Dan 7:7; Dan 7:20; Dan 7:24 feminine (before masculine noun) vDan 7:24 תְּרֵי עֲשַׂר = twelve (following masculine noun) Dan 4:26; Ezra 6:17.

ten, tens

ʿeśer

ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)

ten

ten

אֲלָפִ֖ים

Root word thousand, thousands, hundred, two

Dictionary form: אֶלֶף · eh-LEP

Adjective — Cardinal Number, both plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"; a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: thousand

thousand ×332 a thousand ×56 two thousand ×18 of thousands ×13 and a thousand ×9 over thousands ×6 and two thousand ×5 of the thousands ×4

More options

thousand — Standard modern rendering; suits most contexts.

thousands — Use for plural forms or large collective quantities.

unit of a thousand — Clarifies exact numeric sense in technical passages.

contingent — Military/tribal subdivision; prefer in census or battle lists.

clan — Social unit sense; fits tribal-organization contexts.

troop — Informal military grouping; vivid in narrative battle scenes.

BDB504 H503 H505

II. אֶ֫לֶף noun masculine^{Judg 6:15} thousand (אלף MI, SI, Sabean DHM^{ZMG 1875, 615}; Arabic , Aramaic , אֲלַף, אלפיא) — ׳) א׳(אָ֑ Gen 20:16 +; suffix אַלְפִּי Judg 6:15 dual אַלְפַּיִם Num 4:36 +; plural אֲלָפִים Exod 18:21 +; construct אַלְפֵי Exod 32:28 +; אֲלָפֶיךָ Deut 7:13 + 2 t.; אֲלָפָיו Qr 1Sam 18:7 + 2 t. (Kt פֿו) — a thousand.

1. numeral:
a. used with noun alone; mostly before noun Num 35:4; Josh 7:3; Neh 3:13; 1Chr 18:4 +; after noun (late) 1Chr 12:35 + 6 t. Chronicles Ezra Nehemiah; בָּאַפָּה ׳א Num 35:5 (4 t. in verse); Ezek 47:3 (strike out Co); the noun always plural when preceding, sometimes when following, 1Sam 25:2; 1Kgs 3:4; 2Kgs 18:23 = Isa 36:8; 2Chr 30:24; Ps 90:4; Job 42:12; Eccl 6:6 elsewhere singular אישׁ Judg 9:49; Judg 15:15; Judg 15:16; Josh 7:3 +; אַמָּה Num 35:4 + (so SI); דּוֺר Deut 7:9 +, compare 1Chr 18:4; 1Chr 19:6; 2Kgs 15:19; Job 42:12; Song 4:4; Isa 7:23, noun sometimes collective; ׳א plural construct Mic 6:7; Ps 119:72; Gen 24:60 noun not expressed (or not fully) Gen 20:16; Num 31:5; Num 31:6 +; distributive אֶלֶף ֗֗֗ אֶלֶף Num 31:4 multiplicative Deut 1:11 פְּעָמִים ׳א; indefinite for great number (plural) Exod 20:6; Exod 34:7; Deut 5:10; Jer 32:18, (singular) Deut 32:30; Eccl 6:6 +.
b. ׳א + other number usually precedes it Exod 38:25 + often; but following רִבּוֺא Ezra 2:64 + 2 t.; it follows also smaller number Num 3:50; 1Kgs 5:12 (so SI); the noun following in singular Exod 28:25 + 8 t.; plural 2Sam 8:4 + 2 t.; noun precedes, in plural (late) Dan 12:12 + 2 t.; noun not expressed Exod 38:28 + often
c. ׳א X other number always following Exod 12:37 +; usual order is no. X ׳א + additional no. (if any) + noun (if expressed) Num 31:52; Judg 20:35 compare Exod 12:37; 2Kgs 3:4 (twice in verse) +; less often noun + no. X ׳א Num 31:33; 1Kgs 8:63 +; (other combinations see Exod 38:26; Num 26:51; Num 31:32; Ezek 48:30; 1Chr 29:7 etc.); ׳א usually singular Num 11:21 +; except after units, where plural absolute Num 1:46; Judg 20:34 + (so MI); seldom plural construct Exod 32:28; Judg 4:10; Job 1:3 (twice in verse); (noun mostly singular when following Judg 4:10; 1Kgs 12:21+, yet plural Josh 4:13; 1Sam 13:5 +; when preceding it is plural 1Chr 5:21 +, or collective Num 31:33; 1Sam 25:2; 1Kgs 8:63; 2Chr 7:5 +); אֶלֶף אֲלָפִים 1Chr 21:5; 1Chr 22:14; 2Chr 14:8 אַלְפֵי שִׁנְאָן Ps 68:18, compare שִׁנְאָן; בְּהַרֲרֵי אָ֑לֶף Ps 50:10, read אֵל compare Ps 36:7, Ol Bi Che; yet see Hup De. —

Note. 10,000 = עֲשֶׂרֶת אֲלָפִים etc. Judg 1:4; Judg 3:29; 1Kgs 5:28; 1Chr 29:7 +; less often רִבּוֺ, רְבָבָה etc. q. v.

2. a thousand, a company of 1000 men, as united under one superior, or leader, hence ׳(שָׂרֵי) שַׂר א Exod 18:21; Exod 18:25 compare Num 31:14 +; compare יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳רָאשֵׁי א Num 1:16; Num 10:4; Josh 22:21; Josh 22:30 & see below; compare also 1Sam 29:2 especially family, etc. Judg 6:15; 1Sam 10:19 (|| שֵׁבֶט & compare מִשְׁפַּחַת v1Sam 10:21); compare Mic 5:2 — Num 10:36 (רִבְבוֺת אַלְפֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל) Num 31:5; Josh 22:14; 1Sam 23:23 apparently shew transition to this technical use. **[אָלַף] verb denominative Hiph`il Ps 144:13 מַאֲלִיפוֺת producing thousands (subject צאֹן).

BDB9305 H505 H506

אֲלַ֑ף noun masculine 1,000 (= Biblical Hebrew II. אֶ֫לֶף); — absolute ׳א (noun person precedes) Dan 5:1 noun omitted, emphatic אַלְפָּא vDan 5:1 the thousand (just mentioned); construct + plural absolute אֶ֫לֶף אֲלָפִ֯ים Dan 7:10 a thousand thousands (< Qr אַלְפִין K^{§ 51, 2}).

thousand, thousands, hundred, two

ʾelep

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

a thousand

as numeral

as a company of men under one leader, troops

נִשְׁאָֽרוּ

Root word left, remained, remain, leave, remaineth, …

Dictionary form: שָׁאַר · shaw-AR

Verb — Niphal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: and there remained

left ×15 that remain ×7 that remained ×7 remained ×6 was left ×6 are left ×5 leave ×5 he left ×4

More options

remain — Most neutral and broadly applicable modern rendering.

be left — Emphasizes result of reduction or loss; passive contexts.

survive — Ideal when remnant endures judgment, disaster, or war.

leave behind — Active voice; someone deliberately leaves a portion.

be left over — Fits surplus or excess contexts, e.g. food or goods.

spare — When a person or thing is intentionally preserved or excepted.

BDB8381 H7604 H7605

I. שָׁאַר verb remain, be left over (Synonym יָתַר (Late Hebrew id.; ᵑ7 שְׁאַר; Sabean סאר remaining Hom^{Chr 124}; Arabic , be left over, Lane, compare Lane, compare Lag^{GGN 1889, 297}; Old Aramaic שאר remainder, Nabataean שארית, see Lzb³⁷¹ SAC¹¹⁰); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ 1Sam 16:11 the youngest still remains. Niph`al₉₃ Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁאַר Gen 47:18 +; 3 feminine singularנִשְׁאֲרָה Josh 13:1; Dan 10:8, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁאֵר Isa 11:11; Isa 11:16, וַיִּשּׁ֫אֶר Gen 7:23, etc.; ,Participle נִשְׁאָר Gen 32:9 +, וְנֵאשֲׁאַר Ezek 9:8 (read וְנִשְׁאָר Hi Toy Krae, וָאֶשָּׁ֫אֶר Sm; strike out ᵐ5 Hi Co Siegf Berthol); feminine נִשְׁאָרָה 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31, נִשְׁאֶ֫רֶת Exod 10:5; 2Chr 30:6, נִשְׁאָ֫רֶת Josh 13:2, etc.; —

1. be left over (sometimes ||) Exod 8:27; Exod 10:19; Exod 14:28 (all J), Josh 11:22 (D), Judg 7:3; 2Sam 14:7 +; in restrictive clause זוּלַת ׳לא נ 2Kgs 24:14 there were left only, etc.,׳אדֹנִי בִּלְתִּי אִם וגו Gen 47:18 (J); followed by accusative adverb (Ges^{«GKC:118q»§ 118q}), or appositive, Deut 4:27; Ezra 9:15, compare בִּמְתֵי מְעָ֑ט ׳נ Deut 28:62 (Ges^{«GKC:119i»§ 119i}); sometimes with ב location Exod 8:5; Exod 8:7 (J), Jer 38:22 +; with אֵת (preposition local) Josh 23:7; Josh 23:12 (D); with מִן = be left from (of) Exod 10:5 (J), Deut 3:11; Josh 13:12 (D), Isa 11:11; Isa 11:16; Jer 8:3a (participle; v^{b strike out {abbrev}}הַנּ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Hi Gf Gie Co), Neh 1:2; Neh 1:3,מְעַט מֵהַרְבֵּה ׳נ Jer 42:2 with לְ to or for, 2Kgs 10:11; 2Kgs 10:17 (participle), Zech 9:7; 2Chr 21:17, לָכֶם מִןהַֿבָּרָד ׳הַנּ Exod 10:5, compare 2Chr 30:6 and (ב location for ל) Jer 21:7 with בְּ in, among, of, 1Sam 11:11; Isa 17:6; Jer 34:7; Jer 37:10; Lev 26:36; Lev 26:39 (H; participle), Lev 25:52 (P; of years), even בַּדָּם ׳הַנּ Lev 5:9 (P) the rest of the blood; with לְַ 1Sam 5:4 with infinitive לְרִשְׁתָּהּ ׳נ Josh 13:1 (D); = be left alive, survive, Gen 7:23 (J), Ezek 9:8 (but on text see above); ׳הַנּ = the survivors, Gen 14:10; 1Sam 11:11; Ezek 17:21 participle as technical term = the (purified) remainder, remnant (compare שְׁאָר, שְׁאֵרִית) Isa 4:3 (ב location; ||), 2Chr 34:21 (ב location). — ׳הַנּ 1Sam 9:24 is dubious; what is left over, in polite depreciation, Bu; read הַשְּׁאֵר HPS.

2. be left behind, Exod 10:26 (E), Num 11:26 (JE); with לְבַדּוֺ Gen 42:38 (J), compare Isa 49:21; Dan 10:8 of widow Ruth 1:3 + מִן of the dead vRuth 1:5. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singularהִשְׁאִיר Exod 10:12 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַשְׁאִיר Deut 28:51, 1 plural נַשְׁאֵר 1Sam 14:36 (Ges^{«GKC:48g»§ 48g}; «GKC:109d»109d Kö^{p. 466 f.}), etc.; Infinitive construct הַשְׁאִיר Ezra 9:8, see also below; —

1. leave over, spare, with accusative Exod 10:12(E), 2Kgs 25:22; Jer 49:9 = Obad 1:5; Josh 11:14 (D), Judg 6:4 ׳אֶסְלַח לַאֲשֶׁר אַשׁ Jer 50:20 especially שָׂרִיד ׳לֹא הִשׁ leave no survivor, Josh 10:28, cf vJosh 10:30 vJosh 10:37 vJosh 10:39 vJosh 10:40 (all D), so ׳שׂ ׳דְַבִּֿלְתִּי הִשׁ (sometimes with ל person) Num 21:35(E) = Deut 3:3, compare Deut 2:34; Josh 8:22; Josh 11:8 (both J E), Josh 10:33(D), 2Kgs 10:11, and מִבְּלִי לוֺ כֹּ֑ל ׳הִשׁDeut 28:55 (in all these read Infinitive construct ׳הַשׁ, see Dr^{Deut 3:3; Deut 7:24}); with ב, among, of, 1Sam 14:36, ב location 1Kgs 19:18; Zeph 3:12 (in both of preserving a pious remnant, compare שְׁאָר, שְׁאֵרִית), also 2Kgs 3:25 (Bur reads בָּנֶיהָ for אֲבָנֶיהָ, Kit אֲנָשִׁים, compare Klo Benz); with לְ person Deut 28:51; 1Kgs 15:29; 1Kgs 16:11; 2Kgs 13:7; Ezra 9:8 with מִן, from, of, 2Kgs 10:14, מִן particle 1Sam 25:22; 2Kgs 25:12 = Jer 52:16; Jer 39:10.

2., leave or keep over (מִן particle) till morning Num 9:12 (P).

3. מֵאָה ׳תַּשׁ Amos 5:3 the city shall have 100 left, compare vAmos 5:3.

4. leave as a gift, אַחֲרָיו בְּרָכָה ׳וְהִשׁ Joel 2:14. — We Now read וַיַּשְׁאֵר Mal 2:15, see שְׁאָר. below

left, remained, remain, leave, remaineth, …

šāʾar

properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant

to remain, be left over, be left behind

(Qal) to remain

to be left over, be left alive, survive

remainder, remnant (participle)

to leave over, spare

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/D

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6258

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqv2ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7121

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Te

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4994

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncfdc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H241

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Ncmsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5971

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Vqc

Verb Chart

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H559

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ti

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4310

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Aamsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3373

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Aamsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2730

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqj3ms

Verb Chart

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7725

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqi3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6852

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncmsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2022

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Np