Proverbs 10:14

חֲכָמִ֥ים יִצְפְּנוּ דָ֑עַת וּפִֽי אֱ֝וִיל מְחִתָּ֥ה קְרֹבָֽה
Wise men lay up knowledge: but the mouth of the foolish is near destruction.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

חֲכָמִ֥ים
חֲכָמִ֥ים
Root word wise, men, cunning, mans, man, …
Dictionary form: חָכָם · haw-KAWM

Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: wise
wise ×17 of the wise ×16 a wise ×15 the wise ×13 is wise ×7 that are wise ×3 the wise men ×3 and the wise ×2
More options
wise — Modernized KJV core rendering; broadly applicable across contexts.
sage — Elevated register; suits royal courts or honored counselors.
shrewd — Emphasizes practical, street-smart wisdom over moral virtue.
discerning — Highlights perceptive judgment; good for wisdom-literature passages.
skilled — Use when חָכָם denotes technical expertise, e.g. craftsmen.
prudent — Stresses careful forethought; fits proverbial, ethical contexts.

BDB2735 H2450

BDB2734 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2736

חָכָם adjective wise, ׳ח Deut 4:6 + 67 t.; construct חֲכַם Isa 3:3 + 9 t.; plural חֲכָמִים Deut 1:13 + 39 t.; construct חַכְמֵי Exod 28:3 + 4 t.; suffix חֲכָמֶיךָ Isa 19:12 etc. + 8 t.; feminine חֲכָמָה 2Sam 14:2; 2Sam 20:16 construct חַכְמַת Exod 35:25 plural חֲכָמוֺת Jer 9:16 construct חַכְמוֺת Judg 5:29; Prov 14:1(but read חָכְמוֺת De) —

1. skilful in technical work; artificers Isa 3:3 sailors Ezek 27:8, so (probably) vEzek 27:9 mourning women Jer 9:16 artisans of tabernacle and temple and their furniture Exod 28:3; Exod 31:6; Exod 35:10; Exod 36:1; Exod 36:2; Exod 36:4; Exod 36:8 (P), 1Chr 22:15; 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:12; 2Chr 2:13 (twice in verse); women in spinning Exod 35:25 (P); goldsmiths and other artisans Jer 10:9 makers of idol-images Isa 40:20.
2. wise in the administration of affairs: Joseph in Egypt Gen 41:33; Gen 41:39 (E); heads of tribes Deut 1:13; Deut 1:15; Judg 16:19 David 2Sam 14:20, of Solomon 1Kgs 2:9; 1Kgs 3:12; 1Kgs 5:21 = 2Chr 2:11 the prince of Tyre, in satire Ezek 28:3 of kings in general Prov 20:26 class of political advisers of Judah Isa 29:14; Jer 18:18, apparently also Isa 5:21 of Egypt Isa 19:11 (twice in verse); Isa 19:12, Edom Obad 1:8, the nations Jer 10:7 so of God Isa 31:2.
3. shrewd, crafty, cunning: Jonadab 2Sam 13:3 the princesses Judg 5:29 אשׁה חכמה wise woman 2Sam 14:2; 2Sam 20:16 generally, Jer 9:22 intelligent animals Prov 30:24 בערמם ׳לכד ח taking the cunning in their craft Job 5:13 חכם בעיני wise in one's own eyes Prov 3:7; Prov 26:5; Prov 26:12; Prov 26:16; Prov 28:11 חכמי לב wise of mind (in their own mind) Job 37:24.
4. plural class of learned and shrewd men, including astrologers, magicians and the like, of Egypt Gen 41:8 (E), Exod 7:11 (P; compare Isa 19:11 (twice in verse); Isa 19:12); Babylon Isa 44:25; Jer 50:35; Jer 51:57 Persia Esth 1:13; Esth 6:13.
5. prudent, towards king Prov 16:14 in controversies Prov 11:29; Prov 29:8; Prov 29:9; Prov 29:11 religious affairs Hos 13:13; Hos 14:10; Jer 4:22; Jer 8:8; Jer 8:9; Deut 4:6; Deut 32:6; Ps 107:43 אישׁ ׳ח Jer 9:11.
6. wise, ethically and religiously,. in Wisdom Literature:
  a. as adjective, חֲכַם לֵב wise of mind Prov 10:8; Prov 16:21 לֵב חָכָם Eccl 8:5 of the son Prov 10:1 = Prov 15:20; Prov 13:1; Prov 23:24; Eccl 2:19 ׳ילד ח Eccl 4:13 wise boy; ׳גבר ח Job 34:34 wise man; ׳מוכיח ח wise reprover Prov 25:12.
  b. = substantive: (1) as a wise learner in school of wisdom, he fears God and departs from evil Prov 14:16 is silent Prov 17:28 hearkens to counsel Prov 12:15 hears and increases in learning Prov 1:5 his ear seeketh knowledge Prov 18:15 he receives it Prov 21:11 and stores it up Prov 10:14 his ears hearken to the reproof which giveth life Prov 15:31 and he becomes wiser through it Prov 9:8; Prov 9:9. (2) as a wise teacher, a sage, he does not answer with windy knowledge Job 15:2 he tells the experience of the past Job 15:48 has knowledge Job 34:2 teaches it Eccl 12:9 disperses it Prov 15:7 his tongue is health Prov 12:18 it utters knowledge aright Prov 15:2 his mind instructs his mouth and adds learning to his lips Prov 16:23 his words are gracious Eccl 10:12 it is good to hear his rebuke Eccl 7:5 his instruction is a fountain of life Prov 13:14 one walking with him becomes wiser Prov 13:20. The חכמים recall the Greek σόφοι, having their schools, pupils (בֵן), discipline (מוּסָר), principles and collections of wisdom, דברי חכמים Prov 1:6; Prov 22:17 (compare Prov 24:23), Eccl 9:17; Eccl 12:11 God himself is חכם לבב Job 9:4. (3) the wise are prosperous: true, in sceptical view of Ecclesiastes, they have no advantage over the fool Eccl 6:8 but die as the fool Eccl 2:16 (twice in verse); Ps 49:11 they will not be able to find the works of God Eccl 8:17 like others are in the hands of God Eccl 9:1 they do not secure bread Eccl 9:11 but elsewhere reverse is true: precious treasure is in his dwelling Prov 21:20 his lips preserve him Prov 14:3 they inherit glory Prov 3:35 wealth is their crown Prov 14:24 the wise man is strong Prov 24:5; Eccl 7:19 his eyes are in his head Eccl 2:14 his mind is at his right hand Eccl 10:2 he interprets things Eccl 8:1 (4) the wise man is a blessing to others: he wins men Prov 11:30 scales the city of the mighty Prov 21:22 though poor he delivers the city Eccl 9:15 is a reproof to scorners Prov 15:12 his mind is in the house of mourning Eccl 7:4 injustice makes him foolish Eccl 7:7 Job finds no wise men among his cruel friends Job 17:10.

BDB9525 H2445 H2450

BDB9524 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9526

[חַכִּים]14 noun masculine wise man (see Biblical Hebrew חכם); — plural absolute חַכִּימִין Dan 2:21 elsewhere of the class possessed of occult learning in Babylonian V:27, emphatic מַיָא- vDan 2:13; Dan 5:15 construct מֵי- Dan 2:12. Dan 12:14 + 7 t. Daniel.

wise, men, cunning, mans, man, …
ḥākām
wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)
  • wise, wise (man)
    • skilful (in technical work)
      • "wise (in administration)"shrewd, crafty, cunning, wily, subtle"learned, shrewd (class of men)"prudent"wise (ethically and religiously)

יִצְפְּנוּ
יִצְפְּנוּ
Root word up, hid, hide, hideth, privily, …
Dictionary form: צָפַן · tsaw-PAHN

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: men lay up
and hid ×1 and hide ×1 and lay up ×1 are privily set ×1 child she hid him ×1 have i hid ×1 he layeth up ×1 he shall hide ×1
More options
hide — Most versatile; suits concealment of persons or things.
store up — Emphasizes deliberate hoarding or reserving for later.
keep in reserve — Highlights intentional preservation; good for wisdom texts.
conceal — More formal register; stresses secrecy over storage.
treasure — Implies high value placed on what is hidden or kept.
lay in wait — Best for hostile, ambush-oriented contexts.

BDB7191 H6845

BDB7190 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7192

צָפַן verb hide, treasure up (Late Hebrew id.; Tel Amarna ƒapânu; set, of sun); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳צ Prov 27:16: 2 masculine singular צָפַנְתָּ Job 10:13 +, etc.; Imperfect יִצְפֹּן Job 21:19 + Prov 2:7 Qr (Kt רצפן), suffix יִצְפְּנֵנִי Ps 27:5, etc.; Participle active plural suffix צֹפְנֶיהָ Prov 27:16 passive צָפוֺן Prov 13:22 +, Ps 17:14 Kt; feminine צְפוּנָךְ Hos 13:12, etc.; —
1. transitive hide, with accusative of person Exod 2:2 (E), Josh 2:4 (JE), of hiding a quarrelsome woman, like hiding wind Prov 27:16 (twice in verse) (si vera 1.; compare Toy); of ׳י's hiding his servants (from evil) Ps 27:5; Ps 31:21: = treasure up a thing, Prov 10:14, + אִתְּךָ with thyself, in thine own keeping Prov 2:1 = Prov 7:1, in (ב) the heart Job 10:13 (subject ׳י; of secret purposes), Ps 119:11, compare Job 23:12 + ל person Prov 13:22; Song 7:14, subject ׳י 21:19 reserve penalty; blessings Ps 31:20; Prov 2:7 + מִן Job 17:4 thou [God] hast treasured up their heart away from understanding, kept it therefrom; passive, of sin Hos 13:12 (absolute; || צָרוּר); read possibly צָפוּן for צָפוּ Job 15:22 treasured up for (אֱלֵי) the sword (see I. צפה); צָפוּן = treasured, cherished place (i.e.Jerusalem) Ezek 7:22 = treasure Ps 17:14 Qr (Kt צפינך, see צפין), Job 20:26 (on dubious text see Bu); plural of ׳י's treasured ones, his saints Ps 83:4.
2. intransitive lie hid, lurk, absolute Ps 56:7, with ל person Prov 1:11; Prov 1:18 and (of eyes of wicked) Ps 10:8. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִצְפֵּן Jer 16:17 be hidden from before (מִנֶּנֶד) ׳י's eyes (|| נִסְתְּרוּ); 3 plural נִצְפְּנוּ Job 24:1 + מִשַׁדַּי stored up on the part of shadday; stored up for (ל) one Job 15:20. Hiph`il hide, = Qal: Imperfect 2 masculine singular suffix תַּצְפִּנֵנִי Job 14:18, with ב location; 3 masculine plural יצפינו Ps 56:7 Kt (but < Qr see Qal); Infinitive construct suffix הַצְּפִינוֺ (Ges«GKC:20h»§ 20h) Exod 2:3 to hide him.

BDB7192 H6840 H6845

BDB7191 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7193

[צָפִין] noun [masculine] treasure; — suffix צְפִינְךָ Ps 17:14 Kt < צְפוּנְךָ Qr, see צפן passive participle

up, hid, hide, hideth, privily, …
ṣāpan
to hide (by covering over); by implication, to hoard or reserve; figuratively to deny; specifically (favorably) to protect, (unfavorably) to lurk
  • to hide, treasure, treasure or store up
    • (Qal)
      • to hide, treasure, treasure up
        • "to lie hidden, lurk
      (Niphal) to be hidden, be stored up"(Hiphil) to hide, hide from discovery

דָ֑עַת
דָ֑עַת
Root word knowledge, know, knowest, cunning, knew, …
Dictionary form: דַּעַת · da-AT

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: knowledge
knowledge ×34 of knowledge ×10 and knowledge ×8 the knowledge ×4 and in knowledge ×3 by his knowledge ×3 to know ×3 and the knowledge ×2
More options
knowledge — Modernized KJV; broadest, most versatile rendering.
understanding — Emphasizes comprehension and insight over mere facts.
awareness — Prefer when the nuance is conscious recognition or perception.
discernment — Highlights wise, discriminating judgment; good in wisdom contexts.
expertise — Use when skilled or technical knowledge (e.g. craftsmanship) is implied.
knowing — Verbal-noun form; suits relational or experiential knowledge.

BDB3458 H1847

BDB3457 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3459

דַּ֫עַת noun femininePs 139:6 Dan 12:4 (masculine Prov 2:10; Prov 14:6, possibly Job 33:3 Ew§174 g) knowledge (properly Infinitive, which appears clearly Gen 2:9; Gen 2:17; Jer 22:16) — absolute דַּ֫עַת Gen 2:9 + 35 t.; דָּ֑עַת Josh 20:3 + 35 t.; construct דַּ֫עַת Num 24:16 + 10 t.; suffix דַּעְתִּי Prov 22:17 דַּעְתְּךָ Job 10:7 דַּעְתֵּךְ Isa 47:10 דַּעְתּוֺ Prov 3:20; Isa 53:11 דַּעְתְּכֶם Job 13:2 דַּעְתָּם Isa 44:25 —

1. a. knowledge, perception in phrase ׳בִּבְלִי ד Deut 4:42 = unintenionally, Deut 19:4; Josh 20:3 (where P's synonym is בִּשְׁגָגָה vJosh 20:3 vJosh 20:9, compare Num 35:11; Num 35:15), vNum 35:5 without knowing ׳מִבְּלִי ד Isa 5:13 ( = before they knew it, suddenly).
  b. = skill (in work-manship) Exod 31:3; Exod 35:31 (both P; both || תְּבוּנָה and חָכְמָה), 1Kgs 7:14 (followed by infinitive); creative skill Isa 40:14 (|| אֹרַח מִשְׁפָּט, דֶּרֶךְ תְּבוּנוֺת).
  c. of prophetic knowledge עליון ׳יֹדֵעַ ד Num 24:16 (JE), compare Ps 19:3.
  d. especially knowledge with moral quality Gen 2:9; Gen 2:17 (J; in both verbal force, טוֺב וָרַע ׳הַדּ the knowing good and evil).
  e. knowledge possessed by God Job 10:7; Ps 139:6; Prov 3:20 (|| חָכְמָה and תְּבוּנָה), Prov 21:12 taught by God to men Ps 94:10; Ps 119:66 (|| טוּב טַעַם), Prov 2:6 (|| תְּבוּנָה and חָכְמָה). feminine דַּעַתרֿוּחַ = windy (unreal) knowledge Job 15:2.
2. especially in Wisdom Literature = discernment, understanding, wisdom:
  a. Job 13:2; Job 33:3 (שְׂפָתַי ׳ד), לֹא בְּדַעַת Job 34:35(|| חכמה), Prov 8:9; Prov 8:10 (|| מוסר), Prov 10:4; Prov 11:9; Prov 18:15 (twice in verse); Prov 22:12; Prov 29:7, compare Isa 32:4; Isa 53:11; Jer 10:14 = Jer 51:17 בבלי דעת Job 35:16; Job 36:12 ׳בלי ד Job 38:2; Job 42:3, ׳בְּלֹא ד Prov 19:2 || תְּבוּנָה Prov 17:27; Isa 44:19 ׳ת + חכמה Prov 24:4, || מְזִמָּה Prov 1:4; Prov 5:2 מְזִמּוֺת ׳ד Prov 8:12 || verb עָרַם Prov 19:25 || מֹצֵעוֺת Prov 22:20 || מוּסָר Prov 12:1; Prov 19:27; Prov 23:12 || תּוֺרָה Mal 2:7 || חכמה Prov 14:6; Eccl 1:16; Eccl 1:18; Eccl 2:21; Eccl 2:26; Eccl 7:12; Eccl 9:10: connected with חָכָם Prov 21:11; Eccl 12:9 דברי חכמים Prov 22:17; Isa 33:6 (חכמת) Isa 44:25 (חכמים); wisdom of magicians Isa 47:10; Dan 1:4 (|| חָכְמָה and מַדָּע).
  b. in highest sense, knowledge of God (including obedience) Hos 4:1; Hos 4:6 (מִבְּלִי הַדַּעַת), vHos 4:6; Hos 6:6; Job 21:14; Prov 2:5 (|| ׳יראת י), so Isa 11:2; Isa 58:2; Jer 22:16 (verbal force, with accusative), Prov 9:10 (קדשׁים ׳ד, || ׳יראת י), Prov 30:3 (id., || חָכְמָה); see also ׳ראשׁית ד ׳יִרְאַת י Prov 1:7 (|| חָכְמָה מוּסָר), vProv 1:22 vProv 1:29 (|| ׳יִרְאַת י) Prov 2:10 (|| חָכְמָה).
  c. opposed to אִוֶּלֶת Prov 12:23; Prov 13:16; Prov 14:18; Prov 15:2 compare vProv 15:7, also vProv 15:14.
  d. ׳שִׂפְתֵידֿ Prov 14:7; Prov 20:15 ׳אישׁ ד Prov 24:5 (|| גֶּבֶר חָכָם). — Dan 12:4 is dubious; ᵐ5 Bev read ותרכה הָרָעֹת.

knowledge, know, knowest, cunning, knew, …
daʿat
knowledge
  • knowledge
    • knowledge, perception, skill
      • "discernment, understanding, wisdom

וּ פִֽי
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
פִֽי
Root word mouth, commandment, edge, according, word, …
Dictionary form: פֶּה · peh

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: but the mouth
mouth ×30 the commandment ×26 the mouth ×26 my mouth ×23 his mouth ×21 thy mouth ×18 of his mouth ×17 according to ×14
More options
mouth — Most literal; use for the physical organ or speech.
command — When פֶּה means an authoritative order or directive.
word — Softer than 'command'; suits spoken declarations or sayings.
edge — Used with swords or blades; 'the edge of the sword'.
according to — Idiomatic prepositional sense; matches proportional or conforming contexts.
speech — Highlights oral/verbal communication rather than the organ itself.

BDB6536 H6310 H6366 H6374

BDB6535 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6537

פֶּה485 noun masculineJosh 9:2 mouth (probably biliteral [פו, פי] Sta§ 183; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenician לפי according to; Assyrian pû, mouth; Arabic , , ; Ethiopic ; Syriac according to; but also Arabic , , , Biblical Aramaic פֻּם, ᵑ7 פּוּמָא; Syriac ; Mandean פומא NöM § 87); — absolute ׳פ Exod 4:10 +, construct פִּי Isa 1:20 +; suffix 1 singular פִּי Gen 45:12 +, 2 masculine singular פִּיךָ Gen 41:40 +, 3 masculine singular פִּיו Gen 25:28 +, פִּיהוּ Exod 4:15 +, 3 masculine plural פִּיהֶם Judg 7:6 +, פִּימוֺ Ps 17:10 + 2 t., etc.; plural פִּיּוֺת Prov 5:4, (שְׁנֵי) פֵיוֺת Judg 3:16, פִּיפִיּוֺת Isa 41:15; Ps 149:6 פִּים 1Sam 13:21 (corrupt, see Dr and others); —

1. a. mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking Gen 25:28; Judg 7:6; 1Sam 14:26; 1Sam 14:27; Neh 9:20; Prov 19:24 = Prov 26:15 +; figurative as finding things sweet Job 20:12; Ps 119:103 figurative of earth Gen 4:11, swallowing Korah, etc. Num 16:30; Num 16:32; Num 26:10; Deut 11:6 figurative also of Sh®°ôl, וּפָֽעֲרָה פִיהָ Isa 5:14, compare Ps 69:16.
  b. external organ, וַיָּשֶׂם פִּיו עַלפִּֿיו 2Kgs 4:34; Prov 30:20 of kissing 1Kgs 19:18; Song 1:2, וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי Job 31:27 compare phrase שִׂים יָד עַלפֶּֿה (of keeping silence) Judg 18:19; Mic 7:16; Job 21:5, compare Job 29:9; Job 40:4; Prov 30:32 of mocking triumph ׳פָּעַר עָלַי בְּפ Job 16:10 עַל ׳הִרְחִיב פ Ps 35:21; Isa 57:4, also רָחַב פִּי עַל 1Sam 2:1.
  c. of ׳י in theoph., sending out fire 2Sam 22:9 = Ps 18:9.
2. a. much oftener, as organ of speech, of man: ׳פ speaks Gen 45:12; 2Sam 1:16; Isa 9:16; Job 9:20; Job 15:5; Job 15:6; Ps 37:30 +; speak בְּמוֺפִֿי Job 19:16 open ׳פ, ׳אֶליֿ Judg 11:35; Judg 11:36, absolute Job 3:1; Job 33:2 +; shut ׳פ (be silent) Isa 52:15, compare ׳חָשַׂךְ פ Job 7:11, and (of iniquity, personified) ׳קָצַף פ Job 5:16; Ps 107:42 guard ׳פ, Prov 13:3 (נָצַר), Prov 21:23 (שָׁמַר), compare ׳שָׁמַר פִּתְחֵי פ Mic 7:5, also Ps 39:2 (see שׁמר); words, etc., are in (ב) mouth 2Sam 17:5; 2Sam 18:25; Deut 30:14; 1Kgs 17:24 ׳שִׂים דְּבָרִים בְּפ 2Sam 14:3; 2Sam 14:19; Exod 4:15, also (God subject) Num 22:38; Num 23:12; Num 23:16 +; of utterance ׳יָצָא מִפּ Judg 11:36; Num 30:3; Num 32:24; +; depart from mouth (cease to be mentioned) ׳מוּשׁ מִפּ Josh 1:8; Isa 59:21, compare ׳נִכְרַת מִפּ Jer 7:28, לֹא יִשָּׁמַע עַלפִּֿיךָ Exod 23:13 ׳אִמְרֵי פ Deut 32:1 words of my mouth, so Job 8:2; Ps 19:15; Ps 54:4 ׳דְּבְרֵי פ Ps 36:4; Eccl 10:12 of agency, ׳כְּפּ by the mouth of 2Chr 36:21; 2Chr 36:22 = ׳מִפּ Ezra 1:1 דִּכֶּר פִּיו עִםפִּֿיו Jer 32:4 speak mouth to mouth = Jer 34:3 ׳פ = speech, sayings Isa 29:13; Ps 49:14; Eccl 10:3 ׳כְּבַד פ Exod 4:10 heavy of speech (not eloquent); ׳אֶהְיֶה עִםפֿ vExod 4:12 vExod 4:15, i.e. aid thee in speaking; ׳יִהְיֶהלְּֿךָ לְפ vExod 4:16 he shall be mouth for thee; מִפִּיו יִקְרָא אֵלַי Jer 36:18, i.e. dictate; ׳כָּתַב מִפּ see כָּתַב 1 b (3); bad qualities ascribed to it, ׳עִקְּשׁוּת פ Prov 4:24; Prov 6:12 פִּי תַהְפֻּכוֺת Prov 8:13 פֶּה חָלָק Prov 26:28 ׳אַלתַּֿגְדֵּל פ Obad 1:12, compare Mic 6:12; Ezek 35:13.
  b. as laughing Job 8:21; Ps 126:2 panting Ps 119:131.
  c. of God; his mouth speaks Isa 1:20; Isa 40:5; Jer 9:11 +; he speaks ׳בְּפ 1Kgs 8:15; 1Kgs 8:34 word proceeds ׳מִפּ Deut 8:3; Isa 45:23 +; פֶּה אֶלפֶּֿה אֲדַכֵּר כּוֺ Num 12:8 he creates בְּרוּחַ פִּיו Ps 33:6 he executes judgment כְּשֵׁבֶט פִּיו Isa 11:4 especially = command: ׳עָבַר אֶתפִּֿי י 1Sam 15:24; Num 14:41, compare Num 22:18; Prov 8:29 ׳פ (אֶתֿ) מָרָה 1Sam 12:14; 1Sam 12:15; Num 20:24; 1Kgs 13:21 +; compare 6 d. d. of idols, Ps 115:5; Ps 136:16; Ps 136:17.
  e. of musical instrument = sound Amos 6:5 (compare 6 d).
3. of animals: bird Gen 8:11 (carrying), Isa 10:14 (chirping); ass Num 22:28 (speaking); bear, lion 1Sam 17:35 (seizing), Amos 3:12 (id.), hippop. Job 40:23 (drinking), crocodile Job 41:11; Job 41:13 (breathing flame); also of human foes, under figure of ravenous beasts Ps 22:22; Ezek 21:27; Ezek 34:10 פָּצָה עַל ׳פ Ps 22:14; Lam 2:16; Lam 3:46 hence of edge of sword, חֶרֶב פִּיּוֺת Prov 5:4 a sword with edges (in simile), = ׳ח פִּיפִיּוֺת Ps 149:6 compare Judg 3:16 see also 6 c (2), below; בַּעַל פִּיפִיּוֺת Isa 41:15, of מוֺרַג.
4. mouth = opening, orifice; of well Gen 29:2; Gen 29:3 (twice in verse); Gen 29:8; Gen 29:10 cave Josh 10:18; Josh 10:22; Josh 10:27 ravine, abyss Jer 48:28 (si vera lectio, compare Gie); also of Sh®°ôl Ps 141:7 of a sack Gen 42:27; Gen 43:12; Gen 43:21; Gen 44:1; Gen 44:2; Gen 44:8 ephah Zech 5:8 high-priest's robe Exod 28:32 + 5 t., compare probably Ps 133:2 tunic Job 30:18 of a round opening also 1Kgs 7:31 (3 t. in verse) (on text and meaning see Benz Kit); of mouth of Nile Isa 19:7 (others brink); gate of city Prov 8:3 (but read perhaps לִפְנֵי, see Toy).
5. a. extremity, end פֶּה לָפֶה from end to end, of a temple 2Kgs 10:21 city 2Kgs 21:16, מִפֶּה אֶלפֶּֿה of land Ezra 9:11.
  b. = portion, פִּי שְׁנַיִם Deut 21:17; 2Kgs 2:9; Zech 13:8.
6. with prepositions: —
  a. אֶל פִּי, see below d (2).
  b. כְּפִי:
   (a) according to the command of, 1Chr 12:23
   (b) according to the mouth of, i.e. in proportion to (compare Assyrian ki-i pi-i, DlHWB 325), Exod 16:21 they gathered it אִישׁ כְּפִי אָכְלוֺ each in proportion to his eating (Exod 16:16 vExod 16:18 לְפִי), Lev 25:52 כְּפִי שָׁנָיו according to the number of his years (compare vLev 25:16 לְפִי); Num 6:21; Num 7:5 אִישׁ כְּפִי עֲבֹדָתוֺ (so 2Chr 31:2), 2Chr 7:7; 2Chr 7:8; 2Chr 35:8 (all P); Job 33:6 הֵןאֲֿנִי כְפִיךָ לָאֵל I am in the proportion of thee as regards God, i.e. I stand towards God even as thou dost. As conjunction, כְּפִי אֲשֶׁר, Mal 2:9 כְּפי אֲשֶׁר אֵינְכֶם שֹׁמְרִים אֶתדְּֿרָכַי accusative asye do not keep, etc.; and without אשׁר Zech 2:4 כְּפִי אִישׁלֹֿא נָשָׂא ראֹשׁוֺ in such proportion that none did lift up his head (but We Now אֲשֶׁר for אִישׁ, that it, Judah, did not, etc.).
  c. לְפִי, nearly the same with כְּפִי (see לְ 5 i b), but more common (compare Aramaic לְפוּם, ): (1) Gen 47:12 לְפִי הַטָּ֑ף, Exod 12:4 ye shall compute אִישׁ לְפִי אָכְלוֺ each according to his eating (according to the quantity which his family will consume), Exod 16:16; Exod 16:18; Lev 25:16 לְפִי רֹב הַשָּׁנִים, vLev 25:16 vLev 25:51; Lev 27:16 לְפִי זַרְעוֺ, Num 26:54; Josh 18:4; 1Kgs 17:1 except לְפִי דְבָרִי, Hos 10:12 קִצְרוּ לְפִי חֶסֶד (|| לִצְדָקָה), Prov 12:8; Prov 27:2: followed by infinitive Num 9:17 לְפִי הֵעָלוֺת הֶעָנָן = accusative as the cloud was lifted up, Jer 29:10. (2) in the phrase לְפִי חֶרֶב according to the mouth, or measure, of the sword, i.e. as the sword devours, without quarter, Gen 34:26; Exod 17:13; Num 21:24 + often
  d. עַל פִּי: (1) according to (עַל 1 f a) the mouth of, i.e.
   (a) the command of, Gen 41:40; Gen 45:21; Exod 17:1; Exod 38:21; Num 3:16; Num 3:39 + (especially P), 2Kgs 23:35 (β) the evidence or sentence of, Deut 17:6 עַלפִּֿי עֵד אֶחָד, Deut 19:15; Deut 21:5 (on עַלפִּֿי הַנָּ֑בֶל Amos 6:5, see 2 e above). (2) according to the measure of, in accordance with, Gen 43:7 we told him על פי הדברים האלה according to these words (i.e. the questions Joseph asked), Exod 34:27 in accordance with these words, Lev 27:8 עלפֿי אשׁר תַּשִּׂיג יַד הנֹּדֵר according to what the hand of the vower can reach to, vLev 27:18 (compare לְפִי Lev 25:16; Lev 25:51), Deut 17:10; Deut 17:11; 2Sam 13:32 (but see שׂוּמָה), Prov 22:6 חֲנֹךְ לַנַּעַר על פי דרכו. In the same sense אֶל פִּי, Josh 15:13; Josh 17:4; Josh 21:3.

BDB9814 H6310 H6433

BDB9813 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9815

פֻּם noun masculineDan 7:8 mouth (compare Biblical Hebrew פֶּה; on form see K§ 61, 2) M§ 76f.); — ׳פ absolute Dan 7:8; Dan 7:20, construct Dan 4:28 +, suffix פֻּמֵּהּ (on form see Kl.c. NöZur Gram. d. Class. Arabic 15 (1896) (expansion of biliteral √), BaZMG xii (1887), 633 f.) Dan 7:5 — mouth of king Dan 4:28, lions Dan 6:23, beast (in vision) Dan 7:5, horn (ib.) vDan 7:8 vDan 7:20 mouth of pit Dan 6:18.

פַּס see פסם. below

mouth, commandment, edge, according, word, …
pe
the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) according to
  • mouth
    • mouth (of man)
      • "mouth (as organ of speech)"mouth (of animals)"mouth, opening, orifice (of a well, river, etc)"extremity, end

אֱ֝וִיל
אֱ֝וִיל
Root word fool, fools, foolish
Dictionary form: אֱוִיל · eh-WEEL

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of the foolish
a fool ×3 fool ×3 but fools ×2 fools ×2 of the foolish ×2 a foolish ×1 a fools ×1 and the fool ×1
More options
fool — Direct, widely understood; best default rendering.
foolish person — Clarifies nominal sense when context needs explicitness.
simpleton — Emphasizes lack of wisdom without strong moral condemnation.
dunce — Slightly informal; highlights stubborn ignorance or obtuseness.
blockhead — Colloquial; vivid for rhetorical or poetic passages.
senseless person — Neutral, modern; suits contexts stressing lack of discernment.

BDB193 H191

BDB192 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB194

אֱוִיל26 adjective (foolish — ׳א Job 5:2 +; plural אֱוִילִים Ps 107:17 +, etc.; — foolish, Prov 29:9 (׳אִישׁ א) Hos 9:7 (predicate of prophet); compare Isa 35:8, elsewhere noun masculine fool (always morally bad), who despises wisdom & discipline Prov 1:7; Prov 15:5 mocks at guilt Prov 14:9 is quarrelsome Prov 20:3 licentious Prov 7:22 it is folly & useless to instruct him Prov 16:22; Prov 27:22 (19 t. Proverbs); compare also Jer 4:22; Job 5:2; Job 5:3; Isa 19:11; Ps 107:17.

fool, fools, foolish
ʾĕwîl
(figuratively) silly
  • be foolish, foolish
    • (subst)
      • of one who despises wisdom
        • "of one who mocks when guilty"of one who is quarrelsome"of one who is licentious

מְחִתָּ֥ה
מְחִתָּ֥ה
Root word destruction, terror, dismaying, ruin
Dictionary form: מְחִתָּה · meh-hit-TAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: destruction
but destruction ×2 a terror ×1 and a dismaying ×1 and from terror ×1 destruction ×1 is his destruction ×1 is the destruction ×1 shall have destruction ×1
More options
ruin — Concrete and vivid; good default for most contexts.
destruction — Modernized from KJV; strong, clear, widely understood.
terror — Prefer when emotional/psychological dread is foregrounded.
devastation — Emphasizes thoroughness of ruin; suits large-scale imagery.
dread — Highlights subjective fear; more internal than 'terror'.
dismay — Captures stunned, paralysing fear; fits prophetic warnings.

BDB3273 H4288

BDB3272 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3274

מְחִתָּה noun feminine terror, destruction, ruin, in poetry (especially Proverbs) — absolute ׳מ Prov 10:14 + 8 t.; construct מְחִתַּת Prov 10:15; Prov 14:28 —

1. a. terror, Isa 54:14 (|| עשֶׁק), Jer 17:17 = object of terror, Jer 48:39 (|| שְׂחֹק).
  b. dismay, Prov 21:15 (opposed to שִׂמְחָה).
2. ruin, of strongholds Ps 89:41 רָזוֺן ׳בְּאֶפֶס לְאֹם מ Prov 14:28 without people is ruin to a prince (opposed to הַדְרַתמֶֿלֶךְ); דַּלִּים ׳מ רֵישָׁם Prov 10:15 the ruin of the poor (is) their poverty; as consequence of evil-doing לְפֹעֲלֵי אָוֶן ׳מ Prov 10:29 (opposed to מָעוֺז); of fools לֿוֺ׳פִּי כְסִיל מ Prov 18:7, compare Prov 13:3 (opposed to שֹׁמֵר נַפְשׁוֺ); קְרֹבָה ׳פִּי אֱוִיל מ Prov 10:14 the mouth of a fool is imminent ruin.

חֵת, חִתִּי see above

destruction, terror, dismaying, ruin
mĕḥittâ
properly, a dissolution; concretely, a ruin, or (abstractly) consternation
  • destruction, ruin, terror, a breaking
    • terror, dismay, object of terror
      • "ruin

קְרֹבָֽה
קְרֹבָֽה
Root word near, nigh, hand, next, neighbours, …
Dictionary form: קָרוֹב · kaw-ROBE

Adjective — feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: is near
is near ×15 near ×6 nigh ×5 is at hand ×4 is nigh ×3 art near ×2 her neighbours ×2 his neighbour ×2
More options
near — Most versatile; suits spatial, temporal, and relational uses.
close — Natural modern choice for proximity or intimacy.
nearby — Prefer for physical location; slightly more colloquial.
kin — Best when the context is family or blood relationship.
imminent — Use for temporal nearness, especially of events or judgment.
at hand — Idiomatic for readiness or immediacy; still current in English.

BDB7562 H7138

BDB7561 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7563

קָרֹב, קָרוֺב78 adjective near; — absolute קָרֹב Exod 12:4 +, וֺב- 2Sam 19:48 +; plural קְרֹבִים 1Kgs 8:59, קְרוֺבִים Isa 33:13 +; feminine plural קְרֹבוֺת Ezek 22:5, etc.; — near (often opposed to רָחוֺק) :

1. of city Gen 19:20 (+ לָנוּס שָׁ֫מָּה), Jer 48:24, ׳הַקּ Deut 21:3 the nearest (+אֶל), compare (of elders) vDeut 21:6 of land 1Kgs 8:46 = 2Chr 6:36 road Exod 13:17 = contiguous, כֶּרֶם 1Kgs 21:2 (+ אֵצֶל בֵּיתִי).
2. of person:
  a. + אֶל person Gen 45:10; Deut 13:8; Deut 22:2; 1Chr 12:41 (van d. H. v40); אֶל ׳הַקּ Exod 12:4 the nearest to; with suffix קְרֹבוֺ Exod 32:27, i.e. his neighbour.
  b. absolute (opposed to or + רחוק, oft,= near and far, i.e. all without distinction), Ezek 6:12; Isa 57:19; Prov 27:10 plural Isa 33:13; Jer 25:26; Dan 9:7; Esth 9:20; Exod 22:5 ׳ק of distress, personified, Ps 22:12.; — Ezek 23:5; Ezek 23:12 Co Berthol read קְרוּאִים famous; Toy רַבִּים (compare Jer 39:13); Hpt in Toy Krae conjectures קְרוֺדִים (Assyrian ‡urâ du, warrior).
  c. of near relationship, + אֶל person2 Sam Jer 19:43; Lev 21:2; Lev 21:3; Lev 25:25 (all H), Num 27:11 (P); ל pers Neh 13:4; Ruth 2:20 + מִן compare Ruth 3:12 of intimacy, קְרֹנוֺ Ps 15:3 (|| רֵעֵהוּ), קְרוֺבַי Job 19:14 (|| מְיֻדָּעַי) Ps 38:12 (|| אֹהֲנַי וְרֵעַי); near, in office, Esth 1:14.
  d. near to ׳עַם קְרֹבוֺ י Ps 148:14 (Ri Bae קְרכָו the people of those near him).
  e. near to ׳י in ceremon function, with אֶל Ezek 43:19, with ל Ezek 42:13, suffix Lev 10:3. feminine of God (׳י), + אֶל person Deut 4:7; Deut 30:14 ל pers Ps 34:19; Ps 145:18 abs Jer 12:2; Isa 50:8; Isa 55:6; Ps 119:151 אֱלֹהֵי מִקָּרֹב Jer 23:23 a God from near by (opposed to מֵרָחוֺק ׳א ); ׳ק of ׳צֶרֶק י Isa 51:5, ׳יֶשַׁע י Ps 85:10 (+ ל of person); — ׳ק שִׁמְךָ Ps 75:2, read ׳קֹרְאֵי בְּשׁ Dy Che Gr Dr, compare Bae ᵐ5 SyeVer Du.
  g. of word, + אֶל person Deut 30:14 prayer, + ׳אֶליֿ 1Kgs 8:59.
3. of time : יוֺם אֵידָם ׳ק Deut 32:35 especially of ׳יוֺם י Zeph 1:7; Zeph 1:14 (twice in verse); Ezek 30:3 (perhaps del as ᵐ5 Co Krae), vEzek 30:3; Isa 13:6; Obad 1:15; Joel 1:15; Joel 2:1; Joel 4:14, compare Ezek 7:7 + infinitive אֵירמֿוֺאָב לָבוֺא ׳ק Jer 48:16, compare Isa 13:22; Isa 56:1 ׳מְחִתָּה ק Prov 10:14 imminent ruin; מִקָּרוֺכ Deut 32:17 recently, so Ezek 11:3 ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Co Siegf Berthol (for Mt בְּקָרוֺב) Ezek 7:8 soon; Job 20:5 of the briefest; — מִפְּנֵי חשֶׁח ׳אוֺר ק Job 17:12 is dubious; Thes (my) light is near to (prope abest a, as Arabic , but not proven in Hebrew) darkness; Di light (they say) is near (breaking away) from darkness, will soon leave it behind; But אוֺר קְרוֺבָם פֶּןיֶֿחְשַׁךְ the light of their intimate friend shall not (?)grow dark.

near, nigh, hand, next, neighbours, …
qārôb
near (in place, kindred or time)
  • near
    • of place
      • "of time"of personal relationship
      • kinship

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.
חֲכָמִ֥ים יִצְפְּנוּ דָ֑עַת Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וּפִֽי אֱ֝וִיל מְחִתָּ֥ה קְרֹבָֽה Silluq — end of the verse

חֲכָמִים יִצְפְּנוּ-דָעַת וּפִֽי-אֱוִיל מְחִתָּה קְרֹבָֽה׃
14
Wise men lay up knowledge: but the mouth of the foolish is near destruction.
Cross References

Proverbs 10:8

חֲכַם-לֵב יִקַּח מִצְוֹת וֶאֱוִיל שְׂפָתַיִם יִלָּבֵֽט׃
8
The wise in heart will receive commandments: but a prating fool shall fall.

Proverbs 18:7

פִּֽי-כְסִיל מְחִתָּה-לוֹ וּשְׂפָתָיו מוֹקֵשׁ נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃
7
A fool's mouth is his destruction, and his lips are the snare of his soul.

Proverbs 13:3

נֹצֵר פִּיו שֹׁמֵר נַפְשׁוֹ פֹּשֵׂק שְׂפָתָיו מְחִתָּה-לֽוֹ׃
3
He that keepeth his mouth keepeth his life: but he that openeth wide his lips shall have destruction.

Proverbs 9:9

תֵּן לְחָכָם וְיֶחְכַּם-עוֹד הוֹדַע לְצַדִּיק וְיוֹסֶף לֶֽקַח׃
9
Give instruction to a wise man, and he will be yet wiser: teach a just man, and he will increase in learning.

Proverbs 10:10

קֹרֵֽץ עַיִן יִתֵּן עַצָּבֶת וֶאֱוִיל שְׂפָתַיִם יִלָּבֵֽט׃
10
He that winketh with the eye causeth sorrow: but a prating fool shall fall.

2 Corinthians 4:6

ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ὁ εἰπών Ἐκ σκότους φῶς λάμψαι ὃς ἔλαμψεν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν πρὸς φωτισμὸν τῆς γνώσεως τῆς δόξης τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν προσώπῳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ
6
For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

Matthew 12:35

ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θησαυροῦ τῆς καρδίας ἐκβάλλει τά ἀγαθά καὶ ὁ πονηρὸς ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ θησαυροῦ ἐκβάλλει πονηρά
35
A good man out of good treasure of the heart bringeth forth good things: and an evil man out of the evil treasure bringeth forth evil things. the

Proverbs 19:8

קֹֽנֶה-לֵּב אֹהֵב נַפְשׁוֹ שֹׁמֵר תְּבוּנָה לִמְצֹא-טֽוֹב׃
8
He that getteth wisdom loveth his own soul: he that keepeth understanding shall find good.

Proverbs 18:15

לֵב נָבוֹן יִקְנֶה-דָּעַת וְאֹזֶן חֲכָמִים תְּבַקֶּשׁ-דָּֽעַת׃
15
The heart of the prudent getteth knowledge; and the ear of the wise seeketh knowledge.

Proverbs 21:23

שֹׁמֵר פִּיו וּלְשׁוֹנוֹ שֹׁמֵר מִצָּרוֹת נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃
23
Whoso keepeth his mouth and his tongue keepeth his soul from troubles.

Matthew 13:44

Πάλιν Ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν θησαυρῷ κεκρυμμένῳ ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ ὃν εὑρὼν ἄνθρωπος ἔκρυψεν καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτοῦ ὑπάγει καὶ πάντα ὅσα ἔχει πωλεῖ καὶ ἀγοράζει τὸν ἀγρὸν ἐκεῖνον
44
Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto treasure hid in a field; the which when a man hath found, he hideth, and for joy thereof goeth and selleth all that he hath, and buyeth that field.

Matthew 13:52

ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Διὰ τοῦτο πᾶς γραμματεὺς μαθητευθεὶς εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν ὅμοιός ἐστιν ἀνθρώπῳ οἰκοδεσπότῃ ὅστις ἐκβάλλει ἐκ τοῦ θησαυροῦ αὐτοῦ καινὰ καὶ παλαιά
52
Then said he unto them, Therefore every scribe which is instructed unto the kingdom of heaven is like unto a man that is an householder, which bringeth forth out of his treasure things new and old.

Proverbs 18:1

לְֽתַאֲוָה יְבַקֵּשׁ נִפְרָד בְּכָל-תּוּשִׁיָּה יִתְגַּלָּֽע׃
1
Through desire a man, having separated himself, seeketh and intermeddleth with all wisdom.

Proverbs 1:5

יִשְׁמַע חָכָם וְיוֹסֶף לֶקַח וְנָבוֹן תַּחְבֻּלוֹת יִקְנֶֽה׃
5
A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; and a man of understanding shall attain unto wise counsels:
Proverbs 10:13
Read Proverbs 10
Proverbs 10:15