Proverbs 22:11

אֹהֵ֥ב

Root word love, loved, loveth, lovers, friends, …

Dictionary form: אָהַב · aw-HAHB

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: he that loveth

loveth ×17 loved ×10 love ×8 he loved ×7 i love ×7 to love ×7 thy lovers ×6 and love ×5

More options

love — Most versatile; suits emotional, covenantal, and divine contexts.

cherish — Warmer, tender nuance; good for intimate or familial bonds.

adore — Conveys deep devotion; strong emotional or worshipful register.

be fond of — Lighter affection; fits preferences or less intense attachments.

be devoted to — Emphasizes loyalty; suits covenantal or faithful-love contexts.

delight in — Highlights pleasure or enjoyment; good when desire is implied.

BDB143 H157

אָהֵב₂₁₆ verb love —

Qal Perfect אָהֵ֑ב Gen 27:9 + 7 t; אָשֵהבּ Gen 27:14 אָהַב Gen 37:3 + 3 t.; אֲֵהבָךָ Deut 15:16 3 feminine singular אָֽהֲבָה Song 1:7 +, etc.; Imperfect (הָֿ֑ב) יֶאֱהַב Prov 3:12 +; 1 singular אֵהָ֑ב Prov 8:17 (compare Ew^{§ 192 d} Ges^{«GKC:68»§ 68}. 1); וָָֽאֹהַ֖ב Mal 1:2 וָאֹהֲבֵהוּ Hos 11:1 אֹהֲבֵם Hos 14:5 וָאֹהֲבֵם Ps 119:167 2 masculine plural תְּאֵהֲבוּ Prov 1:22 (compare Kö^{I p. 394} Ges^{«GKC:63»§ 63} R 2); תֶּאֱהָ֑בוּ Zech 8:17 תָּאֱהָבוּן Ps 4:3 Imperative אֱהַבֿ Hos 3:1 אֱהָבֶהָ Prov 4:6 אֶהֱבוּ Ps 31:24; Amos 5:15 אֱהָ֑בוּ Zech 8:19 Infinitive construct אֱהֹב Eccl 3:8 אַהֲבָה Deut 10:12 +; אֲהֲבַת Mic 6:8 + etc.; compare also below
n. אהבה below; Participle אֹהֵב (אוֺהֵב) Deut 10:18 + 26 t.; feminine construct אֲהֻבַת Hos 3:1 is probably active compare Ba^{NB 174 ff}; suffix אֹהֲבִי Isa 41:8 etc.; feminine אֹהֶ֫בֶת Gen 25:28 אֹהַ֫בְתִּי Hos 10:11 etc.; Passive participle אָהוּב Neh 13:26 אֲהוּבָה Deut 21:15 (twice in verse); Deut 21:16. — love (mostly with accusative, followed by לְ + object Lev 19:18; Lev 19:34; 2Chr 19:2 (late), followed by בְּ Eccl 5:9 absolute Eccl 3:8 & see below), (affection both pure & impure, divine & human); —

1. human love to human object; absolute, opposed to hate שָׂנֵא Eccl 3:8 of love to son Gen 22:2; Gen 25:28; Gen 37:3; Gen 37:4; Gen 44:20 (JE) Prov 13:24 so also 2Sam 13:21 ᵐ5 Ew Th We, compare Dr, of David's loving Amnon; never to parent, but mother-in-law Ruth 4:15 of man's love to woman; wife Gen 24:67; Gen 29:20; Gen 29:30 (compare vGen 29:18):32 (JE), also Deut 21:15 (twice in verse); Deut 21:16; Judg 14:16; 1Sam 1:5; 2Chr 11:21; Esth 2:17; Hos 3:1; Eccl 9:9 but also Gen 34:3 (J) Judg 16:4; Judg 16:15; 2Sam 13:1; 2Sam 13:4; 2Sam 13:15 (where of carnal desire) 1Kgs 11:1 compare v1Kgs 11:2; Hos 3:1 רֵעַ ׳א loving a paramour, see Ba^{NB 176}; woman's love to man 1Sam 18:20 (so v1Sam 18:28 ᵑ0, but read וְבִי כָליִֿשְׂרָאֵל אֹהֵב אֹתוֺ ᵐ5 We Dr) Song 1:3; Song 1:4; Song 1:7; Song 3:1; Song 3:2; Song 3:3; Song 3:4 (5 t. subject נַפְשִׁי); compare also figurative of adulterous Judah Jer 2:25; Isa 57:8; Ezek 16:37 of love of slave to master Exod 21:5 (JE) Deut 15:16 inferior to superior 1Sam 18:22 compare v1Sam 18:16 love to neighbour Lev 19:18 (וְאָהַבְתָּ לְרֵעֲךָ כָּמוֺ֑ךָ), partic to stranger Lev 19:34 (both P), Deut 10:18; Deut 10:19 love of friend to friend 1Sam 16:21; 1Sam 18:1; 1Sam 18:3; 1Sam 20:17 (twice in verse); Job 19:19; Prov 17:1 compare 2Sam 19:7 (twice in verse); 2Chr 19:2 see also Prov 9:8; Prov 16:13 compare Prov 15:12 see especially Participle below

2. less often of appetite, object food, Gen 27:7; Gen 27:9; Gen 27:14 (JE); drink Hos 3:1; Prov 21:17 husbandry 2Chr 26:10 compare figurative of Ephraim Hos 10:11 followed by infinitive; length of life Ps 34:13 of cupidity Hos 9:1; 1Sam 1:23; Eccl 5:9 (twice in verse); of love of sleep Prov 20:13 compare figurative of sluggish watchmen (followed by infinitive) Isa 56:10 also with object abstract wisdom (personified), knowledge, righteousness, etc. Prov 4:6; Prov 8:17; Prov 8:21; Prov 12:1; Prov 22:11; Prov 29:3; Amos 5:15; Mic 6:8 (infinitive || infinitives) Zech 8:19, compare Prov 19:8 קֹנֶה לֵב אֹהֵב נַפְשׁוֺ; object folly, evil, etc., Mic 3:2; Mic 4:3; Ps 11:5; Ps 52:5; Ps 52:6; Ps 109:17; Prov 1:22; Prov 8:36; Prov 17:19 (twice in verse), compare Prov 18:21; Zech 8:17, compare כֵּן ׳א Amos 4:5; Jer 5:3, followed by Infinitive Hos 12:8; Jer 14:10, especially of idolatry Hos 4:13 (where strike out הֵבוּ compare Kö^{1. p. 395}) Jer 8:2.

3. love to God Exod 20:6 (JE) elsewhere Hexateuch only Deut 5:10; Deut 6:5; Deut 7:9 + 9 t. Deuteronomy + Josh 22:5; Josh 23:11 also Judg 5:31; 1Kgs 3:3; Neh 1:5; Dan 9:4 especially in (late) Ps 31:24; Ps 116:1; Ps 145:20, but usually followed by name, law, etc. of ׳י Ps 5:12; Ps 26:8; Ps 40:17; Ps 69:37; Ps 70:5; Ps 97:10; Ps 119:47 + 11 t. Ps 119 compare Isa 56:6 compare also of love to Jerusalem Isa 66:10; Ps 122:6.

4. especially Participle אֹהֵב =
(a) lover, Lam 1:2 (figurative of Jerusalem);
(b) friend Hiram of David 1Kgs 5:15, compare Jer 20:4; Jer 20:6; Esth 5:10; Esth 5:14; Esth 6:13; Ps 38:12 (|| רֵעַ) so Ps 88:19, Prov 14:20 also Prov 18:24; Prov 27:6 Abraham of God Isa 41:8; 2Chr 20:7.

5. of divine love
(a) to individual men Deut 4:37; 2Sam 12:24; Prov 3:12; Prov 15:9; Ps 146:8; Neh 13:26
(b) to people Israel, etc. Deut 7:8; Deut 7:13; Deut 23:6; Hos 3:1; Hos 9:15; Hos 11:1; Hos 14:5; 1Kgs 10:9; 2Chr 2:10; 2Chr 9:8; 2Chr 48:14; (3 t. in verse); Ps 47:5 to Jerusalem Ps 78:68; Ps 87:2
(c) to righteousness, etc. Ps 11:7; Ps 33:5; Ps 37:28; Ps 45:8; Ps 99:4; Isa 61:8; Mal 2:11. Niph`al Participle plural הַנֶּאֱהָבִים 2Sam 1:23 lovely, loveable of Saul & Jonath. (|| הַנְּעִימִם). Pi`el Participle plural suffix (בָֿ֑י) מְאַהֲבַי Hos 2:7 + 3 t.; (בָֿ֑יִח) מְאַהֲבַיִח Jer 22:20 + 6 t.; מְאַהֲבֶיהָ Hos 2:9 + 4 t.

1. friends Zech 13:6

2. lovers in figure of adulterous Israel Hos 2:7; Hos 2:9; Hos 2:12; Hos 2:14; Hos 2:15; Ezek 23:5; Ezek 23:9 Judah Jer 22:20; Jer 22:22; Jer 30:14; Lam 1:19; Ezek 16:33; Ezek 16:36; Ezek 16:37; Ezek 23:22.

love, loved, loveth, lovers, friends, …

ʾāhab

to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

to love

(Qal)

human love for another, includes family, and sexual

lover (participle)

to individual men

lovely (participle)

friends

טהור

Root word clean, pure, fair, pureness, purer

Dictionary form: טָהוֹר · taw-HORE

Adjective — masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

clean ×17 of pure ×17 and the clean ×7 it with pure ×7 is clean ×6 the pure ×4 a clean ×3 and clean ×3

More options

pure — Best for ritual, moral, or material purity contexts.

clean — Modernized KJV staple; natural for ritual cleanliness.

undefiled — Emphasizes freedom from contamination or corruption.

spotless — Vivid for moral or ceremonial blamelessness.

untainted — Good for moral or physical purity in narrative prose.

flawless — Best when describing refined materials like gold.

BDB3303 H2889 H2890

טָהוֺר adjective clean, pure; — masculine absolute ׳ט Exod 25:11 + 68 t.; טָהֹר Lev 11:47 + 4 t.; construct טְהוֺר Hab 1:13 טְהָו֯ר Prov 22:11 טֳהָרֿ Job 17:9 feminine טְהוֺרָה Mal 1:11 + 3 t.; טְהֹרָה Gen 7:2 + 8 t.; masculine plural טְהוֺרִים Ezek 36:25; Ezra 6:20 טְהֹרִים Prov 15:26 feminine plural טְהֹרוֺת Lev 14:4; Ps 12:7 —

1. ceremonially clean, of animals Gen 7:2 (twice in verse); Gen 7:8 (twice in verse); Gen 8:20 (twice in verse) (all J), Lev 14:4 (P), Lev 20:25 (twice in verse) (H), Deut 14:11; Deut 14:20 places Lev 4:12; Lev 6:4; Lev 10:14; Lev 11:36; (all P); things Lev 10:10; Lev 11:37; Lev 11:47; Lev 14:57 (P), Ezek 22:26; Ezek 44:23; Isa 66:20; Mal 1:11 persons Lev 7:19; Lev 13:13; Lev 13:17; Lev 13:37; Lev 13:39; Lev 13:40; Lev 13:41; Lev 15:8; Num 5:28; Num 9:13; Num 18:11; Num 18:13; Num 19:9; Num 19:18; Num 19:19 (all P), Deut 12:15; Deut 12:22; Deut 15:22; Deut 23:11; 1Sam 20:26 a + see :26 b ᵑ0 but read טֹהַר Pu`al, see טָהֵר, 2Chr 30:17; Ezra 6:20.

2. physically pure: of gold זָהָב Exod 25:11; Exod 25:17; Exod 25:24; Exod 25:29; Exod 25:31; Exod 25:36; Exod 25:38; Exod 25:39; Exod 28:14; Exod 28:22; Exod 28:36; Exod 30:3; Exod 37:2; Exod 37:6; Exod 37:11; Exod 37:16; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:22; Exod 37:23; Exod 37:24; Exod 37:26; Exod 39:15; Exod 39:25; Exod 39:30 (all P), 1Chr 28:17; 2Chr 3:4; 2Chr 9:17 כֶּתֶם Job 28:19 of water מַיִם Ezek 36:25 of incense קְטֹרֶת Exod 30:35; Exod 37:29 (P); of lamp stand מְנֹרָה Exod 31:8; Exod 39:37 (P), Lev 24:4 (H); of the table שֻׁלְחָן Lev 24:6 (H), 2Chr 13:11 clean, of turban Zech 3:5 (twice in verse).

3. ethically pure, clean Prov 30:12; Eccl 9:2; Job 14:4 of heart Ps 51:12; Prov 22:11 hands Job 17:9 eyes Hab 1:13 (of God); words of men Prov 15:26 words of God Ps 12:7 law of ׳י as object of reverential fear Ps 19:10.

clean, pure, fair, pureness, purer

ṭāhôr

pure (in a physical, chemical, ceremonial or moral sense)

pure, clean

clean (ceremonially—of animals)

טְהָר

Root word clean, pure, fair, pureness, purer

Dictionary form: טָהוֹר · taw-HORE

Adjective — masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: pureness

clean ×17 of pure ×17 and the clean ×7 it with pure ×7 is clean ×6 the pure ×4 a clean ×3 and clean ×3

More options

pure — Best for ritual, moral, or material purity contexts.

clean — Modernized KJV staple; natural for ritual cleanliness.

undefiled — Emphasizes freedom from contamination or corruption.

spotless — Vivid for moral or ceremonial blamelessness.

untainted — Good for moral or physical purity in narrative prose.

flawless — Best when describing refined materials like gold.

BDB3303 H2889 H2890

טָהוֺר adjective clean, pure; — masculine absolute ׳ט Exod 25:11 + 68 t.; טָהֹר Lev 11:47 + 4 t.; construct טְהוֺר Hab 1:13 טְהָו֯ר Prov 22:11 טֳהָרֿ Job 17:9 feminine טְהוֺרָה Mal 1:11 + 3 t.; טְהֹרָה Gen 7:2 + 8 t.; masculine plural טְהוֺרִים Ezek 36:25; Ezra 6:20 טְהֹרִים Prov 15:26 feminine plural טְהֹרוֺת Lev 14:4; Ps 12:7 —

1. ceremonially clean, of animals Gen 7:2 (twice in verse); Gen 7:8 (twice in verse); Gen 8:20 (twice in verse) (all J), Lev 14:4 (P), Lev 20:25 (twice in verse) (H), Deut 14:11; Deut 14:20 places Lev 4:12; Lev 6:4; Lev 10:14; Lev 11:36; (all P); things Lev 10:10; Lev 11:37; Lev 11:47; Lev 14:57 (P), Ezek 22:26; Ezek 44:23; Isa 66:20; Mal 1:11 persons Lev 7:19; Lev 13:13; Lev 13:17; Lev 13:37; Lev 13:39; Lev 13:40; Lev 13:41; Lev 15:8; Num 5:28; Num 9:13; Num 18:11; Num 18:13; Num 19:9; Num 19:18; Num 19:19 (all P), Deut 12:15; Deut 12:22; Deut 15:22; Deut 23:11; 1Sam 20:26 a + see :26 b ᵑ0 but read טֹהַר Pu`al, see טָהֵר, 2Chr 30:17; Ezra 6:20.

2. physically pure: of gold זָהָב Exod 25:11; Exod 25:17; Exod 25:24; Exod 25:29; Exod 25:31; Exod 25:36; Exod 25:38; Exod 25:39; Exod 28:14; Exod 28:22; Exod 28:36; Exod 30:3; Exod 37:2; Exod 37:6; Exod 37:11; Exod 37:16; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:22; Exod 37:23; Exod 37:24; Exod 37:26; Exod 39:15; Exod 39:25; Exod 39:30 (all P), 1Chr 28:17; 2Chr 3:4; 2Chr 9:17 כֶּתֶם Job 28:19 of water מַיִם Ezek 36:25 of incense קְטֹרֶת Exod 30:35; Exod 37:29 (P); of lamp stand מְנֹרָה Exod 31:8; Exod 39:37 (P), Lev 24:4 (H); of the table שֻׁלְחָן Lev 24:6 (H), 2Chr 13:11 clean, of turban Zech 3:5 (twice in verse).

3. ethically pure, clean Prov 30:12; Eccl 9:2; Job 14:4 of heart Ps 51:12; Prov 22:11 hands Job 17:9 eyes Hab 1:13 (of God); words of men Prov 15:26 words of God Ps 12:7 law of ׳י as object of reverential fear Ps 19:10.

clean, pure, fair, pureness, purer

ṭāhôr

pure (in a physical, chemical, ceremonial or moral sense)

pure, clean

clean (ceremonially—of animals)

לֵ֑ב

Root word heart, hearts, midst, mind, understanding, …

Dictionary form: לֵב · labe

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of heart

heart ×99 my heart ×37 his heart ×35 the heart ×32 thine heart ×28 their heart ×19 in heart ×17 in his heart ×16

More options

heart — Default rendering; covers emotion, will, and character.

mind — Prefer when context emphasizes thought or intention.

inner self — Highlights the whole interior person; good for reflective passages.

will — Use when volition or resolve is the primary nuance.

understanding — Suits wisdom or discernment contexts.

conscience — Fits passages about moral awareness or self-judgment.

BDB4295 H3820

לֵב₅₉₉ noun masculine Prov 23:15 ( feminine Prov 12:25, from influence of נֶפֶשׁ see De Now) inner man, mind will, heart, absolute and construct לֵב Gen 8:21 + 239 t.; לֶבֿ Exod 15:8 + 15 t.; suffix לִבִּי Gen 24:45 + 102 t.; לִבְּךָ Exod 9:14 + 28 t.; לִבֶּ֑ךָ Judg 19:6 + 25 t.; לִבֵּךְ Isa 47:7 + 7 t.; לִבּוֺ Gen 6:5 + 93 t.; לִבָּהּ Judg 19:3 + 7 t.; לִ בֵּנוּ Isa 41:22 + 5 t.; לִבְּכֶם Gen 8:5 + 2 t.; לִבָּם Gen 42:28 + 56 t.; לִבָּן Exod 35:26 לִבְּהֶן Ezek 13:17 plural לִבּוֺת Ps 7:10; Prov 15:11 + 3 t. Proverbs; suffix לִבֹּתָם Isa 44:18 לִבּוֺתָם Ps 125:4. — inner part midst: I. seldom of things, בְּלֶביָֿם in the midst of the sea Exod 15:8; Prov 23:34; Prov 30:19 בְּלֵב יַמִּים Ps 46:3; Ezek 27:4; Ezek 27:25; Ezek 27:26; Ezek 27:27; Ezek 28:2; Ezek 28:8 בלב האלה 2Sam 18:14 בְּלֵב אֹיְבֵי in the midst of the enemies of Ps 45:2 (see Br^{MP on the passage}; AV RV and others in the heart of). II. elsewhere of men:

1. the inner man in contrast with outer לבי ובשׂרי ירננו my heart and my flesh cry out Ps 84:3 || מעים Ps 22:15; Jer 4:19, the inner for outer מעים Jer 49:22 as within the breast על לב Exod 28:3; Exod 28:29; Exod 28:30 (twice in verse) (P); מלב 2Kgs 9:24 בלב Ps 37:15; 2Sam 18:14 סְגוֺד לִבָּם Hos 13:8 antithesis with בָּשָׂר Prov 14:30; Eccl 2:3 head Isa 1:5, face Ezek 14:3; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7 arm Song 8:6 hands Ezek 22:14 bones Ps 102:5 eyes 1Kgs 9:3 (= 2Chr 7:16) Jer 22:17 ear Prov 22:17; Prov 23:12 mouth Ps 55:22 lips Isa 29:13 אֲנִי יְשֵׁינָה וְלִבִּי עֵר I slept but my heart waked Song 5:2.

2. the inner man, indefinite, soul, comprehending mind, affections and will, with occasional emphasis of one or the other by means of certain verbs: בכל לב 1Kgs 8:23 (= 2Chr 6:14) Ps 9:2; Ps 119:2; Ps 119:10; Ps 119:34; Ps 119:58; Ps 119:69; Ps 119:145; Ps 138:1; Prov 3:5; Jer 3:10; Jer 24:7 עם לב 2Chr 24:4 (see לבב 2); כלב 2Sam 7:21 (= 1Chr 17:19) Jer 3:15 תַּעֲלֻמוֺת לֵב secrets of the heart Ps 44:22 לֵב מְלָכִים אֵין חֵקֶר the heart of kings is unsearchable Prov 25:4 הַיֹּצֵר יַחַד לִבָּם Ps 33:15 etc.

3. specific reference to mind:
a. מִלֵּב of one's own mind Num 16:28; Num 24:13 (JE) 1Kgs 12:33; Neh 6:8; Ezek 13:2; Ezek 13:17 חֲסַר לֵב destitute of mind Prov 6:32; Prov 7:7; Prov 9:4; Prov 9:16; Prov 10:13; Prov 10:21; Prov 11:12; Prov 12:11; Prov 15:21; Prov 17:18; Prov 24:30 לִבּוֺ חָסֵר Eccl 10:3 אֵין לֵב Jer 5:21; Hos 7:11 לב אין Prov 17:16 קנה לב get a mind Prov 15:32; Prov 19:8 כֹּחַ לב power of mind Job 36:5 רֹחַב לב breadth of mind 1Kgs 5:9, גנב לב 2Sam 15:6; Gen 31:20 (E? see לבב 3 a).
b. knowledge, with ידע Deut 29:3; Prov 14:10; Prov 22:17; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 7:22; Eccl 7:25; Eccl 8:5; Eccl 8:16; Jer 24:7 ראה Ps 66:18; Eccl 1:16 חָכַם לב mind is wise Prov 23:15 לֵב חָכָם wise mind 1Kgs 3:12; Prov 16:23; Eccl 8:5 חֲכַם לֵב Exod 31:6; Exod 35:10; Exod 36:1; Exod 36:2; Exod 36:8 (P) Prov 10:8; Prov 11:29; Prov 16:21 חַכְמֵי לֵב Exod 28:3 (P) Job 37:24 חכמת לב Exod 35:25; Exod 35:35 (P); לב חכמים Eccl 7:4; Eccl 10:2 לב כסילים Prov 12:23; Prov 15:7; Eccl 7:4; Eccl 10:2 with חכמה Exod 36:2 (P) 1Kgs 10:24 (= 2Chr 9:23) Prov 2:10; Prov 17:16; Eccl 2:3 לֵב נָבוֺן intelligent mind Prov 14:33; Prov 15:14; Prov 18:15 with הבין Prov 8:5 תְּבוּנָה Prov 2:2 שָׂ֑כֶל Job 17:4 etc.
c. thinking, reflection, with חשׁב Ps 140:3; Prov 16:9 מחשׁבות Gen 6:5 (J) Ps 33:11; Prov 6:18; Prov 19:21 compare Gen 8:21 (J); הגה muse, study Prov 15:28; Prov 24:2; Isa 33:18; Isa 59:13 הגיון Ps 19:15 הָגוּת Ps 49:4 שׂם לב set the mind, consider Isa 41:22; Ezek 44:5, with לְ 1Sam 9:20; 2Sam 13:20; Ezek 40:4; Ezek 44:5 אֶל Exod 9:21 (J) 1Sam 24:25; 2Sam 18:3 (twice in verse); Job 2:3; Job 34:14 עַל Job 1:8 שׁת לב Ps 62:10; Prov 22:17; Prov 24:32, with לְ Exod 7:23 (JE) 1Sam 4:20; Ps 48:14; Prov 27:23; Jer 31:21, אֶל Job 7:17.
d. memory השׁיב אל לב call to mind Isa 44:19; Lam 3:21 על לב Isa 46:8 עלה על לב come into mind (occur to one) Isa 65:17; Jer 3:16; Jer 7:31; Jer 19:5; Jer 32:35 (compare Acts 7:23), so בא על לב 2Chr 7:11 שׂם על לב lay to heart Isa 42:25; Isa 47:7; Isa 57:1; Isa 57:11; Jer 12:11; Mal 2:2 (twice in verse); Dan 1:8 אל לב 2Sam 13:33; 2Sam 19:20 כתב על לב Jer 31:33 קשׁר על לב Prov 6:21 לוּחַ לֵב tablet of the memory Prov 3:3; Prov 7:3; Jer 17:1 נִשְׁכַּחְתִּי כְּמֵת מִלֵּב I am forgotten as a dead man out of mind Ps 31:13.

4. specific reference to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will; הכין לב set the mind 2Chr 12:14; Ps 10:17; Ps 78:8; Job 11:13 נכון לב Ps 57:8 (twice in verse) ( = Ps 108:2) Ps 78:37; Ps 112:7 נתן לב לְ Eccl 1:13; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 7:21; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:16; Prov 23:26; Dan 10:12 נתן אל לב Eccl 7:2; Eccl 9:1; Neh 2:12; Neh 7:5 (the 'heart' here not being the subject's), בלב Exod 35:34 (P) Ezra 7:27; Eccl 3:11 אֲשֶׁרנְֿשָׂאוֺ לִבּוֺ whose heart stirred him up Exod 35:21; Exod 36:2 compare Exod 35:26 (all P); נְדִיב לֵב willing of mind Exod 35:5; Exod 35:22 (P) 2Chr 29:31 compare Exod 25:2; Exod 35:29 (P); נטה לב אחריּ inclined to follow Judg 9:3; Ps 119:112 הטה לב 1Kgs 11:3; Ps 119:36; Ps 141:4 compare 2Sam 15:13: — גְּדֹלִים חִקְקֵילֵֿב great resolves of heart Judg 5:15 etc.

5. specific reference to conscience, וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֺ and David's heart (conscience) smote him 1Sam 24:6 מִכְשׁוֺל לֵב offence of conscience 1Sam 25:31.

6. specific reference to moral character, God tries the heart Ps 17:3; Jer 12:3 sees the heart and reins Jer 20:12, tries them Ps 7:10; Jer 11:20, refines them Ps 26:2 searches the heart and tries the reins Jer 17:10.
a. ישֶׁרלִֿבִּי Job 33:3 יִשְׁרֵי לֵב Ps 7:11; Ps 11:2; Ps 32:11; Ps 36:11; Ps 64:11 (all with דָּוִד in title), Ps 94:15; Ps 97:11 לֵב שָׁלֵם 1Chr 28:9; 1Chr 29:9; Isa 38:3 (all originally לבב, see לבב 6 a); נִשְׁבְּרֵילֵֿב broken of heart Ps 34:19; Isa 61:1 לֵבנִֿשְׁבָּר Ps 51:19 שְׁבוּרֵי לֵב Ps 147:3 לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Isa 57:15 לֵב טָהוֺר clean heart Ps 51:12 לֵב חָדָשׁ new heart Ezek 18:21; Ezek 36:26 (probably also Ezek 11:19 for אֶחָד see Co) etc.
b. לֵב רָע evil heart Prov 26:23 חַנְפֵילֵֿב godless in heart Job 36:13 עקּשׁ(י) לב perverse in heart Prov 11:20; Prov 17:20 תַּרְמִת לִבָּם deceit of their heart Jer 14:14; Jer 23:26 בלב ולב with a double heart Ps 12:3 etc.
c. seat of pride Prov 21:4; Jer 48:29; Jer 49:16; Hos 13:6; Obad 1:3 גְּבַהּלֵֿב Prov 16:5 גֹּבַהּ לב 2Chr 32:26 גָּבַהּ לֵב 2Chr 26:16; 2Chr 32:25; Ps 131:1; Prov 18:12; Ezek 28:2; Ezek 28:17.
d. the heart is uncircumcised Jer 9:25; Ezek 44:7 (twice in verse); Ezek 44:9 and hardened: חזּק לב Exod 4:21; Exod 10:20; Exod 10:27 (E), Exod 9:12; Exod 11:10; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:8; Exod 14:17 (P), Josh 11:20 (D² ?); יֶחֱזַק לֵב Exod 7:13; Exod 7:22; Exod 8:15; Exod 9:35 (P); חִזְקֵילֵֿב Ezek 2:4 הקשׁה לב Exod 7:3 (P) Prov 28:14 קְשֵׁילֵֿב Ezek 3:7 הכביד לב Exod 8:11; Exod 8:28; Exod 9:34; Exod 10:1 (J); כָּבֵד לב Exod 7:14; Exod 9:7 (J); כּכּד לב 1Sam 6:6 הַשְׁמֵן לֵבהָֿעָם הַזֶה make the heart of this people fat Isa 6:10 (?); שְׁרִ(י)רוּת לֵב Deut 29:18; Ps 81:13 after Jer 3:17; Jer 7:24; Jer 9:13; Jer 11:8; Jer 13:10; Jer 16:12; Jer 18:12; Jer 23:17 לב האבן the heart of stone Ezek 11:19; Ezek 36:26 etc.

7. for the man himself, אמר בלב Gen 17:17 (P), Gen 27:41 (JE), 1Kgs 12:26; Esth 6:6; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1 ( = Ps 53:2) Ps 35:25; Ps 74:8; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18; Isa 47:10; Obad 1:3; Zech 12:5 אֶללֿב Gen 8:21 (J) 1Sam 27:1 דבּר בלב Eccl 2:15 אֶללֿב Gen 24:45 (J); עַל לב 1Sam 1:13 (?); עִם לב Eccl 1:16 נְאֻםפֶּֿשַׁע לָרָשָׁע בְּקֶרֶב לִבִּי Ps 36:2.

8. as seat of appetites, סְעַד לב stay the heart (with bread) Gen 18:5 (J) Judg 19:5.

9. as seat of the emotions and passions:
a. of joy and gladness, in various combinations of טוב, Judg 16:25; Judg 18:20; Judg 19:6; Judg 19:22; Ruth 3:7; 1Sam 25:36; 2Sam 13:28; 1Kgs 8:66 ( = 2Chr 7:10) 2Chr 21:7; Esth 1:10; Esth 5:9; Prov 15:15; Eccl 7:3; Eccl 9:7; Eccl 11:9; Isa 65:14 various combinations of שׂמח, Exod 4:14 (J) 1Chr 16:10 ( = Ps 105:3) Ps 4:8; Ps 16:9; Ps 19:9; Ps 33:21; Prov 15:13; Prov 15:30; Prov 17:22; Prov 27:9; Prov 27:11; Eccl 2:10 (twice in verse); Eccl 5:19; Song 3:11; Isa 24:7; Zech 10:7 שׂישׂ Ps 119:111; Isa 66:14; Lam 5:15 עלץ 1Sam 2:1 עלז Ps 28:7; Zeph 3:14 רנן Job 29:13 גיל Ps 13:6; Ps 24:17; Zech 10:7 of desire, Ps 21:3; Ps 37:4 דבּר עַל לֵב speak unto the heart (kindly) Gen 34:3; Gen 50:21 (JE) Judg 19:3; 2Sam 19:8; 2Chr 30:22; Isa 40:2; Hos 2:16; Ruth 2:13.
b. of trouble 2Kgs 6:11; Isa 65:14, sorrow Neh 2:2; Prov 14:3, pain Ps 55:5. vexation Eccl 11:10, trembling Deut 28:65 (?) 1Sam 28:3, faintness Lam 5:17 it is wounded Ps 109:22 dies within one out of fear 1Sam 25:37 etc.; לב נמס the heart melteth (in fear) 2Sam 17:10; Ps 22:15; Ezek 21:12; Nah 2:11.

10. seat of courage: יַאֲמֵץ לִבֶּ֑ךָ let thine heart take courage Ps 27:14 אַמִּיץ לִבּוֺ Amos 2:16 אַבִּירֵי לֵב stout-hearted Ps 76:6; Isa 46:12 לִבּוֺ יָצוּק כְּמוֺאֶֿבֶן his heart as firm as a stone Job 41:16 לִבוֺ כְּלֵב הָאַרְיֵה his heart as the heart of the lion 2Sam 17:10.

BDB4296 H3826 H3820

[לִבָּה] suffix לִבָּתֵךְ Ezek 16:30 should be corrected to לִבְרִיתֵךְ (see Co). > older view, as feminine of לֵבּ.

BDB7797 H7307 H5315 H3824 H1320 H3820

רוּחַ₃₇₈ noun feminine^{Gen 41:8} (less often masculine^{Exod 10:13} +) breath, wind, spirit; — absolute ׳ר Gen 8:1 +, ר֑וּחָה Jer 52:23 construct רוּחַ Gen 6:17 +; suffix רוּחִי vGen 6:3 +, רוּחֲךָ Ps 104:30 +, etc.; plural רוּחוֺת vPs 104:4 +, רֻחוֺת Jer 49:36, רוּחֹת Num 16:22; Num 26:16 (see Br^{רוח in O.T., JBL xix (1900), 132 ff.}, full statement of all passages); —

1. breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.):
a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15:30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19:17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Lam 4:20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10:14 = Jer 51:17, Hab 2:19; Ps 135:17 compare Job 9:18.
b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16:3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6:26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5:13.
c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםPs 33:6, compare Isa 34:16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Isa 11:4.
d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4:9; Exod 15:8 (poem), 2Sam 22:16 = Ps 18:16; Isa 30:28; Isa 59:19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Isa 25:4.
e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life Gen 6:17; Gen 7:15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו Gen 7:22 (P); Ezek 37:5, compare vEzek 37:6 vEzek 37:8 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:10 vEzek 37:14 (breath or spirit), Eccl 3:19.

2. wind (117 t.):
a. wind of heaven: Gen 8:1 (P) Exod 15:10 (E) Num 11:31 (J) 1Kgs 18:45 +, Jer 10:13, thence Jer 51:16; Ps 135:7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13:15; Isa 40:7, compare Job 26:13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind Exod 10:13 (twice in verse); Exod 14:21 (J) Ps 48:8; Jer 18:17; Ezek 17:10; Ezek 19:12; Ezek 27:26; Jonah 4:8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Prov 25:23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) Exod 10:19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind Gen 3:8 (J; compare Song 2:17; Song 4:6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49:36; Ezek 37:9 (quarters?) Dan 8:8; Dan 11:4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zech 2:10; Zech 6:5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Ps 107:25; Ps 148:8; Ezek 1:4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezek 13:11; Ezek 13:13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Ps 55:9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Isa 11:15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2Sam 22:11 = Ps 18:11; Ps 104:3, compare Hos 4:19; Ps 104:4.
b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezek 42:16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzek 42:17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzek 42:18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzek 42:19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzek 42:20; 1Chr 9:24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52:23 on the sides.
c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14:6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41:8.
d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Isa 26:18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Isa 33:11 (Du, 3 c).
e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7:7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15:2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Isa 41:29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 2:26; Eccl 4:4; Eccl 4:6; Eccl 6:9 compare Eccl 1:17; Eccl 4:16; Eccl 5:15.

3. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):
a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1Kgs 10:5 = 2Chr 9:4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1Kgs 21:5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ Gen 45:27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Judg 15:19; 1Sam 30:12.
b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Josh 5:1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Ps 76:13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Isa 19:3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Ps 77:4; Ps 142:4; Ps 143:4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Josh 2:11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Prov 18:14.
c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Judg 9:23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Judg 8:3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Prov 16:32, compare Prov 25:28; Prov 29:11; Job 15:13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zech 6:8; Eccl 7:9; Eccl 10:4.
d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ Exod 6:9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mic 2:7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Prov 14:29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32:18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32:8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21:4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mic 2:7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Eccl 7:8.
e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled Gen 41:8 (E) Dan 2:3, compare vDan 2:1 מֹרַת רוּחַ Gen 26:35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Isa 54:6, compare Ezek 3:14; Job 6:4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezek 21:12, compare Isa 61:3; Prov 15:4; Prov 15:13; Prov 17:22; Prov 18:14; Ps 143:7.
g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1Chr 5:26 (twice in verse); 2Chr 21:16; 2Chr 36:22; Ezra 1:1; Ezra 1:5; Jer 51:11; Hag 1:14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2Kgs 19:7 = Isa 37:7; Num 14:24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2:15 (twice in verse); Mal 2:16; Deut 2:30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition Num 5:14 (twice in verse); Num 5:30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4:12; Hos 5:4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםIsa 19:14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Isa 28:6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) Gen 41:38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Prov 17:27.
h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹNum 27:18 (P; or g, as Gen 41:38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2Kgs 2:15, compare v2Kgs 2:9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare Gen 2:21; Gen 15:12, but Di and others g, as Isa 19:14) Isa 29:10; Mic 2:11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zech 13:2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezek 13:3.

4. spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, || נֶפֶשׁ (25 t.):
a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zech 12:1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27:3, compare Isa 42:5.
b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10:12, compare Job 12:10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר Num 16:22; Num 27:16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Prov 16:2.
c. it is therefore God's spirit: Gen 6:3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
d. it departs at death: Ps 78:39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Isa 38:16 (Di principle of life), Ps 146:4 especially Ps 104:29; Ps 104:30; Job 17:1; Job 34:14 (compare vJob 34:15), Isa 57:16; Eccl 8:8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Eccl 11:5, compare Eccl 3:21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Eccl 12:7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Ps 31:6.
e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4:15.

5. spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:
a. desire (possibly 3 g), Isa 26:9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7:11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1Sam 1:15 see קָשֶׁה.

6. occasionally, (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, || לֵב, or synonym with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה Exod 28:3; Deut 34:9 (both P; probably 3 g); תּעֵי רוּחַ Isa 29:24, compare Job 20:3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job's words), Ps 77:7 (ᵐ5 Symm ᵑ6 Jerome troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Isa 40:13 come into mind (compare לֵב Isa 65:17; Jer 3:16 +); 1Chr 28:12.

7. rarely of the will; also = רוּחַ נָכוֺן לֵב Ps 51:12 (= לֵב נָכוֺן Ps 57:8 (twice in verse) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה vPs 51:14 נָָֽדְבָה רוּחוֺ Exod 35:21 (P; compare נְדִיב לֵב Exod 35:5; Exod 35:22 (P) 2Chr 29:31).

8. רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = ׃לֵב רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁהEzek 11:19; Ezek 18:31; Ezek 36:26 רוּחִי vEzek 36:27; Isa 59:21 (רוּחִי, || דְּבָרַי; but probably prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ezek 18:31; Ezek 36:26 נְכֵה רוּחַ Isa 66:2 דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Ps 34:19 (compare לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Isa 57:15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Isa 65:14 (compare 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרֶה Ps 51:19 (|| לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, compare נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Ps 34:19; Isa 61:1); Ps 32:2; Prov 11:13; Prov 16:18; Ps 78:8; Eccl 7:8 (compare גְּבַהּלֵב Prov 16:5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Prov 16:19; Prov 29:23; Isa 57:15 רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים vIsa 57:15 (compare 3 f).

9. spirit of God (94 t.; not D or Jeremiah or any Deuteronomic writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy probably discredited from abuse by false prophets, see נביא, נבא):
a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, Num 11:17; Num 11:25 (twice in verse); Num 11:26; Num 11:29 (J), 1Sam 10:6; 1Sam 10:10 (compare v1Sam 10:5), 1Sam 19:20; 1Sam 19:23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1Sam 16:15 (twice in verse); 1Sam 16:16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1Sam 16:14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1Sam 18:10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1Sam 19:9 ׳א ׳ר 1Sam 16:23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1Sam 16:23, compare הָרוּחַ 1Kgs 22:21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1Kgs 22:22 v1Kgs 22:23 = 2Chr 18:20; 2Chr 18:21; 2Chr 18:22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1Kgs 22:24 = 2Chr 18:23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9:7 ׳רוּחַ י Mic 3:8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Isa 30:1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezek 2:2; Ezek 3:12; Ezek 3:14; Ezek 3:24; Ezek 8:3; Ezek 11:1; Ezek 11:5; Ezek 11:24 (Co gloss), Ezek 37:1; Ezek 43:5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1Kgs 18:12; 2Kgs 2:16.
b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably Num 24:2; 2Sam 23:2; 1Chr 12:18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2Chr 15:1; 2Chr 20:14; 2Chr 24:20 distinctly in Isa², Isa 48:16, compare Isa 61:1 so of ancient prophets, Zech 7:12; Neh 9:30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3:1; Joel 3:2.
c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Judg 3:10; Judg 11:29, compare Judg 6:34; Judg 13:25; Judg 14:6; Judg 14:19; Judg 15:14; 1Sam 11:6; 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 16:14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Isa 32:15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Isa 11:2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Isa 42:1.
d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill Exod 31:3; Exod 35:31 (P); understanding Job 32:8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Prov 1:23.
e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Gen 1:2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33:4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Isa 31:3 in cherubic chariot: Ezek 1:12, compare vEzek 1:20 vEzek 1:21; Ezek 10:17 reviving Israel Ezek 39:29; Zech 12:10; Isa 44:3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Isa 63:10; Isa 63:11 = ׳י ׳ר vIsa 63:14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vIsa 63:9), compare Ps 106:33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Ps 51:13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9:20; Ps 143:10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2:5; Zech 4:6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Ps 139:7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vPs 139:8).

BDB9636 H3820 H3821

[לֵב] noun [masculine] id. (Biblical Hebrew id.; so ᵑ7 Syriac; Egyptian Aramaic, Lzb³⁰¹ = Cooke^{76 A 6}); — suffix לִבִּי Dan 7:28.

heart, hearts, midst, mind, understanding, …

lēb

the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything

inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding

inner part, midst

midst (of things)

חֵ֥ן

Root word grace, favour, gracious, pleasant, precious

Dictionary form: חֵן · hane

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: for the grace

grace ×31 favour ×24 of grace ×3 a gracious ×1 and grace ×1 and pleasant ×1 are gracious ×1 crying grace ×1

More options

favor — Most natural modern equivalent; fits social and divine contexts.

grace — Retains theological resonance; modernized from KJV form.

goodwill — Emphasizes benevolent disposition of the one granting favor.

charm — Best when describing personal attractiveness or pleasing quality.

kindness — Highlights relational warmth; suits interpersonal contexts.

appeal — Use when the word describes something's pleasing or winning quality.

BDB2938 H2580

I. חֵן noun masculine^{Ps 45:3} favour, grace; — ׳ח Gen 6:8 + 67 t.; suffix חִנּוֺ Gen 39:21 —

1. favour, grace, elegance:
a. of form and appearance, of a woman || יֹ֑פִי Prov 31:30 אֵשֶׁת חֵן Prov 11:16 זונה טובת חן Nah 3:4 of a doe Prov 5:19 precious stone אבן חן Prov 17:8 of ornaments Prov 1:9 = Prov 4:9; Prov 3:22.
b. of speech, lips Ps 45:3; Prov 22:11 words Eccl 10:12.

2. favour, acceptance:
a. with men Prov 13:15; Prov 22:1; Eccl 9:11.
b. with God Zech 4:7 (twice in verse); Zech 12:10 chiefly in phrases: מצא חן בעיני find favour in the eyes of: (I) men Gen 30:27; Gen 32:6; Gen 33:8; Gen 33:10; Gen 33:15; Gen 34:11; Gen 39:4; Gen 47:25; Gen 47:29; Gen 50:4; Num 32:5 (all J); Deut 24:1; Ruth 2:2; Ruth 2:10; Ruth 2:13; 1Sam 1:18; 1Sam 16:22; 1Sam 20:3; 1Sam 20:29; 1Sam 25:8; 1Sam 27:5; 2Sam 14:22; 2Sam 16:4; 1Kgs 11:19; Esth 5:8; Esth 7:3 (2) of God Gen 6:8; Gen 18:3; Gen 19:19; Exod 33:12; Exod 33:13 (twice in verse); Exod 33:16; Exod 33:17; Exod 34:9; Num 11:11; Num 11:15 (all J); Judg 6:17; 2Sam 15:25; Prov 3:4 absolute מצא חן (with man) Prov 28:23 (with God) Jer 31:2 מֹצא חן לפניו Esth 8:5 (i.e. of the king); נתן חן בעיני give favour in the eyes of (I) man Gen 39:21; Exod 3:21; Exod 11:3; Exod 12:36 (J); absolute נתן חן of man Ps 84:12 (2) of God Prov 3:34 נשׂא חֵן בְּעֵינֵי obtain favour in the eyes of Esth 2:15 of the king Esth 5:2 so וַתִּשָּׂאחֵֿן וָחֶסֶד לְפָנָיו Esth 2:17.

grace, favour, gracious, pleasant, precious

ḥēn

graciousness, i.e., subjective (kindness, favor) or objective (beauty)

favor, grace, charm

favor, grace, elegance

שְׂ֝פָתָ֗י ו

שְׂ֝פָתָ֗י

Root word lips, bank, brim, edge, language, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: שָׂפָה · saw-PAW

Noun — Common, feminine dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of his lips

lips ×20 my lips ×11 his lips ×10 the bank ×8 the lips ×7 of his lips ×6 the edge ×6 of my lips ×5

More options

lip — Primary anatomical sense; most broadly applicable.

edge — Prefer for spatial/geographical contexts like riverbanks.

bank — Best for river or water's edge contexts.

shore — Use specifically for sea or lake margins.

language — Prefer when the sense is speech community or tongue.

speech — Use when emphasizing spoken words or manner of talking.

BDB8298 H8193

שָׂפָה₁₇₆ noun feminine [masculine Exod 28:32, edge, compare Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 76}], lip, speech, edge; — absolute ׳שׂ Gen 11:1 +, construct שְׂפַת vGen 11:7 +; suffix שְׂפָתוֺ 1Kgs 7:23 +, etc.; oftener dual שְׂפָתַיִם Isa 6:5 +, construct שִׂפְתֵי Ps 12:4 +; suffix שְׂפָתַי Jer 17:16 +, suffix 3 masculine plural שְׂפָתֵימוֺ Ps 59:13; Ps 140:4; Ps 140:10, etc.; plural (in poetry and late) construct שִׂפְתוֺת Eccl 10:12, suffix שִׂפְתוֺתֶיךָ etc. Ps 45:3; Ps 59:8; Isa 59:3; Song 4:3; Song 4:11; Song 5:13 —

1. lip:
a. usually (c. 108 t.) human organ of speech (often || פֶּה, לָשׁוֺן rarely [only late poetry] חֵךְ: 10 t. Job; 25 t. Psalms; 45 t. Proverbs): (1) Isa 29:13; Lev 5:4 (P), Job 13:6; Mal 2:6; Ps 12:5; Prov 5:3 +; ׳דַּל שׂ Ps 141:3 (see דָּל); ׳אִישׁ שׂ Job 11:2 = a talker, ׳אֱוִיל שׂ Prov 10:8 = one talking folly, so vProv 10:10 (ᵑ0; but see Toy); טְמֵא שְׂפָתַיִם Isa 6:5 (twice in verse) compare vIsa 6:7; Dan 10:16 ׳עֲרַל שׂ Exod 6:12; Exod 6:30 (P; unskilled in speech); ׳עִקֵּשׁ שׂ Exod 19:1 ׳פֹּתֶה שׂ Exod 20:19 see [ פָּתָה] p. 834; ׳מוֺצָא שׂ i.e. utterance, Deut 23:24; Jer 17:16; Num 30:13 (P), Ps 89:35, ׳רוּחַ שׂ Isa 11:4 (of Messianic king), ׳דְּבַר שׂ Ps 59:13; Prov 14:23 +, = mere, empty, word 2Kgs 18:20 = Isa 36:5 ׳תְּבוּאַת שׂ Prov 18:20, ׳נוב שׂ Isa 57:19 (thanksgiving), compare Hos 14:3 (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 and most פְּדִי for פָּרִים); of flattery, ׳חֵלֶק שׂ Prov 7:21, שְׂפַת חֲלָקוֺת Ps 12:3; Ps 12:4 compare שִׂפְתֵי מִרְמָה Ps 17:1, שֶׁקֶר ׳שׂ Ps 31:9 + 4 t., שְׂפַת אָוֶן Prov 17:4 poison beneath (compare לָשׁוֺן) Ps 140:4 (figurative); ׳פֶּשַׁע שׂ Prov 12:13 ׳לְזוּת שׂ Prov 4:24 אֱמֶת ׳שׂ Prov 12:19, יָ֑תֶר ׳שׂ Prov 17:7, צֶדֶק ׳שׂ Prov 16:13, דַּעַת ׳שׂ Prov 14:7; Prov 20:15 ׳חֵן שׂ Prov 22:11 שָׂפָה בְרוּרָה Zeph 3:9 רְנָנוֺת ׳שׂ Ps 63:5 i.e. lips that shout for joy; with verbs: ׳פָּתַח שׂ (to speak) Job 11:5; Job 30:20 (Gi vJob 30:21), compare Ps 51:17, ׳מִפְתַּח שׂ Prov 8:6 ׳פָּשַׁק שׂ Prov 13:3 i.e. prate; מָֽלְאוּ זַעַם ׳שׂ Isa 30:27 ׳שׂ subject of דִּבֶּר Isa 59:3; Prov 24:2 ׳נָשָׂא עַלשֿׂ Ps 16:14 ׳קָרַץ שׂ Prov 16:30 = backbite; ׳אָטַם שׂ Prov 17:28 = keep silence, so ׳חָשַׂךְ שׂ Prov 10:19, כָּלָא ׳שׂ Ps 40:10. (2) lips moving in speech, with נוּעַ 1Sam 1:13, נִיד Job 16:5. (3) transition to meaning speech, עָלָה עַלשְֿׂפַת לָשׁוֺן Ezek 36:3 = ability to speak Job 12:20.
b. organ of laughter Job 8:21.
c. of insulting grimace ׳הִפְטִיר בְּשׂ Ps 22:8.
d. quivering in terror Hab 3:16.
e. feature of beauty Song 4:3 (scarlet). feminine place of bridle 2Kgs 19:28 = Isa 37:29 (see מֶתֶג).
g. receiving kiss Prov 24:26 compare Song 4:11 and (in figurative) Song 7:10.
h. of divine speech, ׳מִצְוַת שׂ Job 23:12, ׳דְּבַר שׂ Ps 17:4.

2. language (see לָשׁוֺן), Gen 11:1; Gen 11:6; Gen 11:7 (twice in verse); Gen 11:9; Ps 81:6 ׳עַם עִמְקֵי שׂ Ezek 3:5; Ezek 3:6; Isa 33:19, ׳לַעֲגֵי שׂ Isa 28:11 שְׂפַת כְּנַעַן Isa 19:18 (i.e. Hebrew).

3. edge: shore of sea Gen 22:17 (J) + 7 t.; bank of river Gen 41:3; Gen 41:17 (E) + 5 t., of wady (נַחַל) Deut 2:36 + 7 t.; lip (bank) of אָבֵל מְחוֺלָה Judg 7:22 compare GASm^{G 400}; brim of vessel 1Kgs 7:23 (twice in verse) + 7 t.; edge of altar Ezek 43:13 of curtains (in pairs) Exod 26:4 (twice in verse) (P) + 6 t.; of חשֶׁן, toward ephod Exod 28:26 = Exod 39:19 (P); of round opening in robe (יִהְיֶה) לְפִיו ׳שׂ Exod 28:32 = Exod 39:23 (P).

lips, bank, brim, edge, language, …

śāpâ

the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)

lip, language, speech, shore, bank, brink, brim, side, edge, border, binding

lip (as body part)

רֵעֵ ֥הוּ

רֵעֵ

Root word neighbour, neighbours, friend, another, friends, …

֥הוּ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: רֵעַ · RAY-ah

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: shall be his friend

his neighbour ×32 another ×17 his neighbours ×10 against his neighbour ×6 thy neighbours ×6 of his neighbour ×5 friends ×4 of his friend ×4

More options

neighbor — Most common sense; updated spelling from KJV 'neighbour'.

friend — Use when relational warmth or closeness is implied.

fellow — Good for peer or associate in a group context.

companion — Emphasizes ongoing closeness or shared experience.

associate — Neutral; suits legal or formal contractual contexts.

another person — Best when רֵעַ means 'one another' or 'each other'.

BDB7824 H7452 H7453 H7454

I. רֵעַ verbal noun shouting, roar, but dubious; — קוֺל הָעָם בְּרֵעֹה֯ Exod 32:17 (E) sound of the people as they shouted (read Infinitive construct בָּרִעֹה for בְּהָרִיעוֺ, compare √5); יַגִּיד עָלָיו רֵע֑וֺ Job 36:33 the roar thereof telleth of him (< רַעְמוֺ his thunder, so Bu); לָמָּה תָרִיעִי רֵעַ Mic 4:9 why criest thou out with a crying? i.e. so loudly (but see √

6. ). — II. III. רֵעַ see רעה. p. 945f

BDB8001 H7453 H7452 H7454

II. רֵעַ₁₈₇ noun masculine^{Prov 17:17} friend, companion, fellow; — ׳ר absolute 2Sam 13:3 +, construct 1Chr 27:33 suffix רֵעִי Job 31:9 +, רֵעְַךָ Deut 5:17 +, רֵעֶ֑ךָ Exod 2:13 +, also רֵעֶיךָ 2Sam 12:11 (singular; Ges^{«GKC:93ss»§ 93ss}), רֵעֵ֫הוּ (Ges^{«GKC:84»§ 84} a i) Gen 11:3 + 114 t., רֵעוֺ Jer 6:21, רֵעָהּ, Jer 3:30 plural רֵעִים Jer 3:1 +, construct רֵעֵי Job 2:11 suffix רֵעָיו Job 32:3, רֵעֵ֫הו (Ges^{«GKC:91k»§ 91k}) Job 42:10; 1Sam 30:26, etc.; —
l. friend, intimate, Gen 38:12; Gen 38:20(J), 1Sam 30:26; 2Sam 13:3; 1Kgs 16:11 (ᵐ5 omitted); רִעֲךָ אֲשֶׁר כְּנַפְשְׁךָ Deut 13:7, מֶתֶק רֵעֵהוּ Prov 27:9 (text dubious see Toy); Mic 7:5 (|| אַלוּף), Jer 9:3 (|| אָח), Jer 19:9; Lam 1:2 ( + אֹהֲבֶיהָ), Ps 35:14 (|| אָח) + 3 t. Psalms; especially Job 2:11; Job 6:14 + 8 t. Job; Prov 17:17; Prov 18:24 + 8 t. Proverbs ( Prov 12:26 see מֵרֵעַ below), Song 5:1 (|| דּוֺדִים); associates Zech 3:8 technical term הַמֶּלֶךְ ׳ר 1Chr 27:33 (see רֵעֶה), compare 2Sam 16:17 (twice in verse); of lover Song 5:16 (|| דּוֺדִי), husband Jer 3:20, paramours Hos 3:1; Jer 3:1 metaphor רֵעַ לִבְנוֺת יַעֲנָה Job 30:29 (|| אָח לְתַנִּים).

2. in weaker sense, fellow, fellow-citizen, even another person,, with whom one stands in reciprocal relations, Exod 2:13; Exod 20:16; Exod 20:17 (3 t. in verse) (Gi vExod 20:13 vExod 20:14 vExod 20:14 vExod 20:14) = Deut 5:17; Deut 5:18 (3 t. in verse), Exod 21:14; Exod 22:7; Exod 22:8; Exod 22:10; Exod 22:25 (all E), Lev 19:13; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 20:10 (all H), Deut 4:42; Deut 15:2 (twice in verse) + 11 t. Deuteronomy; Josh 20:5 (D), Judg 7:14; Jer 9:7; Jer 22:13; Jer 29:23; Jer 22:11; Jer 22:12; Ps 15:3; Ps 28:3; Ps 101:5; Prov 3:28; Prov 3:29; Prov 6:1 (|| זָר !) + 18 t. Proverbs; וְרֵעוֺ שָׁכֵן Jer 6:21; 1Sam 15:28 hath given (the kingdom) to thy fellow, = another than thou, so 1Sam 28:17; 2Sam 12:11 so also אִישׁ ֗֗֗ רֵעֵהוּ a (given, certain) man over against his fellow (different from 3) Exod 21:18; Exod 21:35; Exod 22:6; Exod 22:9; Exod 22:13; Exod 33:11 (all E), Deut 19:11; Deut 22:26; Judg 7:13; 1Kgs 8:31; 1Kgs 20:35; Jer 7:5; 1Chr 6:22; Ruth 3:14; Eccl 4:4 similarly שָׂעִיר אֶלרֵֿעֵהוּ Isa 34:14.

3. in reciprocal phrase אִישׁ ֗֗֗ רֵעֵהו Gen 11:3 they said one to another (אִישׁ distributive), each the speech of the other vGen 11:7, absent one from the other Gen 31:49, compare Gen 43:33 (all J), Exod 11:2; Exod 18:7; Exod 18:16; Exod 32:27 (all E), Judg 6:29; Judg 7:22; Judg 10:18; 2Sam 2:16 (twice in verse) + 4 t. 1 Samuel; 2Kgs 3:23; 2Kgs 7:3; 2Kgs 7:9; 2Chr 20:23; Isa 3:5 (|| אִישׁ בְּאִישׁ), Isa 13:8; Isa 19:2 (|| אִישׁ בְּאָתִיו) Isa 41:6; Jer 5:8 + 11 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 33:26; Zech 3:10 + 6 t. Zechariah (Zech 11:6 read רֹעֵהוּ Sta^{ZAW i (1881), 26}); Mal 3:16; Jonah 1:7 so of things Gen 15:10 (J). — I. רֵעַ see רוע. p.929 below

BDB8006 H7468 H7453

I. רְעוּת noun feminine fellow (-woman); — suffix in reciprocal phrase אִשָּׁה מֵאֵת רְעוּתָהּ Exod 11:2 (E) each from her fellow (|| אִישׁ מֵאֵת רֵעֵהוּ, compare II. רֵעַ 3); compare Jer 9:19 of birds of prey (דַיּוֺת) Isa 34:15 compare vIsa 34:16 people under figure of sheep Zech 11:9 רְעוּתָהּ Esth 1:19 = another than she (compare 1Sam 15:28 II. רֵעַ 2).

neighbour, neighbours, friend, another, friends, …

rēaʿ

an associate (more or less close)

friend, companion, fellow, another person

friend, intimate

מֶֽלֶךְ

Root word king, kings, royal

Dictionary form: מֶלֶךְ · meh-LEK

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: the king

the king ×712 king ×501 and the king ×198 the kings ×192 of the kings ×104 of the king ×98 kings ×64 and king ×33

More options

king — Most natural modern equivalent; universally understood.

monarch — Formal register; suits literary or elevated prose.

ruler — Broader term; useful when royal rank is less central.

sovereign — Emphasizes supreme authority; good in legal or theological contexts.

royal — Adjectival use; fits compound nouns like 'royal court'.

BDB4669 H4428 H4429

I. מֶ֫לֶךְ₂₅₁₃ noun masculine king (Late Hebrew id.; MI^{1, 5, 10, 18, 23} מלך; Neh 1:4 המלכן; Phoenician מלך; Zinjirli מלך DHM^{Sendsch. 60}; Assyrian maliku, malku, prince (Assyrian šarru = king); Arabic king (original Hebrew *מַלִח inferred, Lag^{BN 73} Ba^{NB § 112} WMM^{As. u. Europ.76}); Sabean מלכן SabDenkm^{No. 1}; construct מלך, plural אמלך CIS^{iv 37}; compare Ethiopic God (and Nö^l.c.); Aramaic , מְלֵיךְ; Palmyrene מלך מלכא Vog^{No. 28}; Nabataean מלכא Eut^{Nab. 1}); — ׳מ absolute Gen 14:7 + (insert also 2Sam 13:17 ᵐ5 Th We Dr Kit Bu, and v2Sam 13:34 ᵐ5 We Dr Kit Bu); in p. always מֶ֑לֶךְ Gen 49:20 + 238 t. (so also proper name in מֶלֶךְ-); construct Gen 14:1 +; suffix מַלְכִּי 2Sam 19:44 + 6 t., etc.; plural מְלָכִים Gen 14:9 +; מְלָכִין Prov 31:3 construct מַלְכֵי Gen 17:16 +; suffix מְלָכֶיהָ Isa 7:16 + 3 t.; מַלְכֵיהֶם Deut 7:24 + 16 t., etc.; —

1. king: of Egypt Gen 39:20f.; Exod 1:8f.; Deut 11:3; 1Kgs 3:1 of Mesopotamia, Shinar, Assyria, Babylon, Persia, etc. Judg 3:8; Judg 3:10; Gen 14:1f.; 2Kgs 15:19; 2Kgs 15:20; 2Kgs 15:29; 2Kgs 17:3f.; 2Kgs 18:13f.; 2Kgs 24:1; 2Kgs 24:11f.; Ezra 1:1f.; Ezra 4:3f.; Esth 1:2 +, 1Kgs 11:18; 1Kgs 11:40; 1Kgs 14:25; 2Kgs 17:4f.; 2Kgs 23:29 +; of Canaan, Philistia, Edom, Moab, etc. (often of single city): Gen 14:2f.; vGen 14:18; Gen 20:2; Gen 26:1; Gen 26:8; Gen 36:31; Num 20:14; Num 21:1f.; Num 22:4; Num 22:10; Deut 1:4; Deut 3:1f.; Josh 2:2 (often in Joshua), Judg 1:7; Judg 5:19; Judg 8:5; Judg 8:12; Judg 11:12f.; 2Kgs 3:4f. +; of Aram, Hamath, etc. 2Sam 8:3f. v2Sam 8:9; 1Kgs 15:18; 1Kgs 20:1f.; 1Kgs 22:3; 2Kgs 5:1f.; 2Kgs 8:7f.; v2Kgs 8:29; 2Kgs 9:14; 2Kgs 9:15; 2Kgs 15:37; 2Kgs 16:5f. +; of Tyre, etc. 2Sam 5:11; 1Kgs 5:15; 1Kgs 9:11; 1Kgs 9:16+, etc.; especially of Israel (undivided, and of both divisions) Gen 36:31; Num 23:21; Num 24:7; Deut 17:14f.; Judg 17:6; Judg 18:1; Judg 19:1; Judg 21:25; 1Sam 2:10; 1Sam 8:5f.; 2Sam 2:4f.; 1Kgs 1:33; 1Kgs 1:34f. + very often; compare also Judg 9:5. — 2Sam 18:29b strike out ׳הַמּ We Klo Dr Kit Bu. Note that in early books המלך דוד is nearly always said; in late books usually המלך ׳שׁלמה וגו) דוד; compare Aramaic כּוֺרֶשׁ מַלְכָּא, etc.

2. of Davidic king, as under divine protection, 1Sam 2:10 (|| מְשִׁיחוֺ), Ps 2:6; Ps 18:51; Ps 89:19; Ps 61:7, compare Ps 99:4 so in (Messianic) prediction Hos 3:5; Isa 32:1; Jer 23:5; Ezek 37:22; Ezek 37:24; Zech 9:9.

3. used of ׳י as king of Israel 1Sam 12:12 in poetry Deut 33:5 compare Ps 5:3; Ps 10:16; Ps 29:10; Ps 44:5; Ps 48:3; Ps 68:25; Ps 74:12; Ps 84:4; Ps 145:1; Ps 149:2; Isa 41:21; Isa 43:15; Isa 44:6; Zeph 3:15 מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֺד Ps 24:7; Ps 24:8; Ps 24:9; Ps 24:10 (twice in verse); universal king Ps 47:3; Ps 47:8; Ps 95:3; Ps 98:6; Jer 10:7; Jer 10:10, compare Jer 46:18; Jer 48:15; Jer 51:57; Zech 14:9; Zech 14:16; Zech 14:17; Mal 1:14 of false god Amos 5:26.

4. in fable, king of trees Judg 9:8; Judg 9:15 figurative of crocodile Job 41:26 אֵין לָאַרְבֶּה ׳מ Prov 30:27 of death, מֶלֶךְ בַּלָּהוֺת Job 18:14.

5. combinations are: —
a. הַגָּדוֺל ׳הַמּ 2Kgs 18:19; 2Kgs 18:28 = Isa 36:4; Isa 36:13 (of Assyrian king: compare Assyrian šarru rabu); גָּדוֺל ׳מ Eccl 9:14 (indefinite); of ׳י Mal 1:14, עַלכֿלאֿלהים ׳ג ׳מ Ps 95:3 ׳מ עוֺלָם Jer 10:10 (of ׳י); מְלָכִים ׳מ Ezek 26:7 (king of Babylon)
b. יְחִי הַמֶּלֶךְ 1Sam 10:24; 2Sam 16:16 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 1:34; 1Kgs 1:39; 2Kgs 11:12; 2Chr 23:11 מֶלֶךְ בירושׁלם Eccl 1:1, compare Eccl 15:26; 2Sam 5:2; 1Kgs 14:2; 1Chr 29:25; 2Sam 2:11 (׳בחברון עלהֿיה מ) 1Kgs 11:37; 2Chr 28:4; Eccl 1:12.
c. following a verb (one or two accusative) על ׳שִׂים מ Deut 17:14; Deut 17:15 (twice in verse); 1Sam 10:19 ׳שִׂים לָנוּ מ 1Sam 8:5 ׳שִׂים לְמ 1Kgs 10:9 לְ ׳נָתַן מ 1Sam 8:6; Hos 13:10; Hos 13:11 נָתַן עַל 1Sam 12:13; 2Chr 2:10; Neh 9:37; Neh 13:26 הִמְלִיךְ לְמֶלֶךְ Judg 9:6; 1Sam 15:11 על ׳הִמְלִיךְ מ 1Sam 12:1 לְ ׳הִמְלִיךְ מ 1Sam 8:22 ׳מָשַׁח מ עַל Judg 9:8 ׳מָשַׁח לְמ 1Kgs 1:45 עַל ׳מָשַׁךְ לְמ Judg 9:15; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 15:17; 2Sam 2:4; 2Sam 5:3; 2Sam 5:12; 2Sam 12:7; 1Kgs 1:34; 1Chr 11:3; 1Chr 14:8 יִהְיֶה על ׳מ 1Sam 8:19 על ׳בִּקֵּשׁ למ 2Sam 3:17 ׳הֵכִין לְמ על 2Sam 5:12; 1Chr 14:2 על ׳הֵקִים מ 1Kgs 14:14; Deut 28:36 ׳תַּחַת וגו ׳לְמ ׳יָשַׁב עַלכִּֿסֵּא י 1Chr 29:23, compare Prov 20:8 אלהיך ׳לְי ׳נָתַן עַלכִּֿסֵּא לְמ 2Chr 9:8.
d. מַעֲדַנֵּימֶֿלךְ Gen 49:20 royal dainties, figurative; ׳מִשְׁתֵּה הַמּ 1Sam 25:36 royal feast (in simile); ׳אֶבֶן הַמּ 2Sam 14:26 king's weight; ׳יַדהַֿמּ 1Kgs 10:13 royal bounty (in simile); ׳גִּזֵּי הַמּ Amos 7:1 king's mowings; ׳מִקְדַּשׁ מ Amos 7:13 royal sanctuary; עֲטֶרֶת מַלְכָּם 2Sam 12:30 crown of their king = 1Chr 20:2 (but read מִלְכֹּם ᵐ5 We Klo Dr Kit Kau — not Bu Kit^Chr. Hpt); compare also בַּיִת, עֵמֶק, גַּן, שָׁוֵה, etc. — proper name אבימלך, אחימלך, אלימלך, מלך, נתן, מלך, עבד, see below אב, אח, etc.

BDB4674 H4432 H1322 H4428

מֹ֫לֶךְ proper name, of a divinity Molech (ᵐ5 Μολοχ, ᵑ9 Moloch) (= מֶלֶךְ i.e. (divine) King, with vowels of בּשֶׁת to denote abhorrence, Hoffm^{ZAW iii. 1883, 124} RS^{Semitic i. 353; 2nd ed. 372}; compare Hoffm^{GG Abh. xxxvi. 1890 a (May, 1889), 25}; Phoenician proper name, of divinity מלך Milk, in proper names compare Bloch, Dr^{Dt.222 f.}); — with article ׳הַמּ: — the god to whom Israel sacrificed children with fire (in valley of Hinnom); ׳העביר בָּנֵשׁ לַ מּ 2Kgs 23:10 ׳העביר לַמּ Jer 32:35 (|| הַבַּעַל), Lev 18:21 (H); ׳נתן לַמּ Lev 20:2; Lev 20:3; Lev 20:4 (H); more generally ׳לִזְנוֺת אַחֲרֵי הַמּ vLev 20:5 (H). In 1Kgs 11:7 read probably מִלְכֹּם, q. v.

BDB4684 H4442 H6664 H4428

מַלְכִּיצֶֿ֫דֶק proper name, masculine king of שָׁלֵם (q. v.), (my king is ‚ede‡) — Gen 14:18. Ps 110:4. ᵐ5 Μελχισεδεκ.

BDB4685 H4443 H4428 H7311

מַלְכִּירָם proper name, masculine son of Jeconiah (= Jehoiakin) (my king (= Yahweh) is high, compare Gray^{Prop. N. 146 f.}; Phoenician proper name מלכרם); — 1Chr 3:18. ᵐ5 Μελχ(ε)ιραμ.

BDB4686 H4428 H4444 H7769

מַלְכִישׁוּעַ proper name, masculine son of Saul my king (= ׳י) is opulence, compare Gray^{Prop. N. 147}); — 1Sam 14:49; 1Sam 31:2; 1Chr 8:33; 1Chr 9:39; 1Chr 10:2 (in Chronicles מַלְכִּישֿׁוּעַ). ᵐ5 Μελχεισα, Μελχεσουε, etc.

king, kings, royal

melek

a king

king

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqrmsa

Verb Chart

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H157

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Aamsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2889

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Aamsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2889

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3820

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2580

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncfdc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H8193

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7453

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4428

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV