Psalms 119:121

עָ֭שִׂיתִי מִשְׁפָּ֣ט וָצֶ֑דֶק בַּל תַּ֝נִּיחֵ֗נִי לְעֹֽשְׁקָֽי
I have done judgment and justice: leave me not to mine oppressors.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

עָ֭שִׂיתִי
עָ֭שִׂיתִי
Root word do, made, done, did, make, …
Dictionary form: עָשָׂה · aw-SAW

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), first person singular simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "I"

In the KJV here: i have done
did ×123 do ×108 made ×86 to do ×85 and do ×61 he did ×59 and he made ×54 and thou shalt make ×45
More options
do — Broadest default; fits commands, descriptions, and narrative.
make — Prefer when the result is a crafted or constructed object.
perform — Good for rituals, duties, vows, or formal acts.
carry out — Emphasizes completing a directive or plan.
execute — Suits legal, judicial, or administrative actions.
accomplish — Highlights successful completion of a goal.

BDB6428 H6213

BDB6427 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6429

I. עָשָׂה2622 verb do, make (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; MI23, 26 עשתי, l.3; l.9 ואעש, l.24 Imperative עשו; Old Hebrew proper name עשיו, אלעשה, מעשיהו; not Aramaic, and not certainly found in South Semitic languages; on Sabean see especially DHMSB Berl. Akkadian 1886, 849); —

Qal2524 Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 3:1 +, suffix עָשָׂהוּ Hos 8:6 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽשְׂתָה Deut 22:21 +, וְעָשָׂת consecutive Lev 25:21 2 masculine singular עָשִׂיתָ Gen 3:14 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲשֶׂה Gen 18:25 +, וַיַּעֲשֶׂה 1Kgs 16:25 + 3 t., וַיַּעַשׂ Isa 5:2 +; יַעֲשֵׂה Isa 64:3, 2 masculine singular תַּעֲשֶׂה 1Sam 10:8, תַּעֲשֵׂה Gen 26:29; Josh 7:9, jussive (with אַל) תַּעַשׂ Gen 22:12 +, תַּעֲשֵׂה 2Sam 13:12; Jer 40:16 Qr (Kt תַּעַשׂ); 1 singular אֶעֱשֶׂה Gen 2:18 +, וָאֶעֱשֶׂה Ezek 20:14; Dan 8:27, וָאַעַשׂ Deut 10:3 + 4 t. Ezekiel; etc.; Imperative masculine singular עֲשֵׂה Judg 10:15 +; feminine singular עֲשִׂי Jer 6:26 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָשׂה Jer 44:17 +; עָשׂוֺ Jer 7:5 + 2 t. (Jer 4:18 van d. H. עָשׂוּ); construct עֲשׂוֺת Gen 2:4 +, עֲשׂה Gen 50:20 + 2 t., עֲשׂוֺ Gen 31:28, suffix עֲשׂתוֺ Gen 41:32 +, עֲשׂהוּ Exod 18:18, etc.; Participle active עשֶֹׁה Isa 5:5 +, suffix הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 (but see below); plural עשִֹׁים Gen 24:49 +; suffix עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10 (yet see Ges«GKC:124k»§ 124k), etc.; passive עָשׂוּי Exod 3:16 +, הֶעָשׂוּ Job 41:25 (Ges«GKC:75k»§ 75k); feminine עֲשׂוּיָה Ezek 21:20 +, etc.; —
I. 1. do (1560 + t.):
  a. (1) with accusative active Gen 3:14 (J) Gen 20:10 (E) + often; do right in eyes of ׳י 2Kgs 12:3; 2Kgs 14:13 +, evil 2Kgs 8:18; 2Kgs 8:27 + (compare I. עַיִן 3 c); do God's commands, statutes, etc., Deut 16:12; Deut 30:8; Num 15:39 (P); חַיִל ׳ע 1Sam 14:48 + do might, i.e. mightily, valiantly; Prov 31:39 do efficiency, i.e. efficiently; = commit (offence) Lev 20:13 (H), Deut 20:18 followed by מִן particle, וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה Lev 4:2 and shall do a single one of them (things prohibited; see מִן 3 b
   (d)), compare ׳וְעָשׂוּ אַחַת מִכָּלמִֿצְוֺת י vLev 4:13 vLev 4:22; Lev 5:17 (all P); do = perform a work, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַעֲשֶׂה Exod 18:20; Exod 23:12 (E), also (׳י subject) Deut 11:7; Dan 9:14; Eccl 3:11 with accusative מְלָאכָה Gen 2:2 (twice in verse) (J), Exod 20:9; Exod 20:10 = Deut 9:13 (10 Words); with accusative דְּרָכֶיךָ Isa 58:13 מְלוּכָה עַל ׳ע 1Kgs 21:7 = exercise sovereignty over; of ׳י performing signs (אֹתֹת) Josh 24:17 (E), Num 14:11; Num 14:22 (JE), Deut 11:3, so Moses Exod 4:17 and (מֹפְתִים) vExod 4:21. (2) do something to one (ל person) Gen 20:9 (E), Judg 9:56 +; with עַל reflexive Jer 26:19 do evil against ourselves; especially ׳י subject, with לְ, do good to Exod 18:9 (E), 2Kgs 8:66, or evil Gen 42:28 (E); in phrase so may God do to me, etc. 1Sam 3:17; 2Kgs 6:31 + (see יסף
Hiph`il 1.). (3) do something for one (ל person) Gen 30:31; 1Kgs 11:8 +, direct object omitted 1Sam 20:4 + ל of thing Judg 21:7; Judg 21:16 what shall we do for them, for wives ? with עַל person Neh 5:19 with dativus ethicus [dative of interest] (ל) 1Sam 10:7 with לְ, of ׳י doing kindness for 1Sam 22:3 executing vengeance for Judg 11:36 (+ מִן of enemy); ׳י doing a sign (אוֺת) for Judg 6:17 (elsewhere נָתַן אוֺת לְ), compare עֲשֵׂהעִֿמִּי אוֺת לְטוֺבָה Ps 86:17. (4) do something (in relation or intercourse) wilth (אֵת person), ׳י subject Deut 1:30 all that he did with you, Deut 10:21 (compare Ps 86:17 above), human subject 2Chr 24:24 (object שְׁפָטִים), Ruth 2:11. (5) seldom with ב, usually of executing judgment upon 1Sam 28:18; Isa 48:14, more generally Esth 1:15 what shall we do with the queen ? also, subject ׳י, Ezek 25:11; Ezek 28:26; Ps 149:7; Ps 149:9; Num 33:4 (on false gods); in good sense, ׳חֲסָדִים בּ ׳ע Neh 13:14. (6) of ׳י doing the justice (מִשְׁפַּט) of any one, i.e. maintaining his cause 1Kgs 8:45; 1Kgs 8:49; Ps 9:5. (7) with adverb do thus, כֹּה, Josh 6:14 (JE), according to, כְּ Gen 6:22 (P), Gen 18:21 (J), 1Kgs 2:6 accusative as, כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:19 (J); Exod 1:17 (E) +; with בְּ of manner, Judg 9:16a, Ezek 8:18; Ezek 25:15.
  b. work for (ל of thing) Gen 30:30 (J); with ל person 1Sam 14:6; Ezek 29:20 (for ׳י); work in (ב) gold or other material 1Kgs 7:14; 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:13; Exod 31:4; Exod 31:5; Exod 35:32 (all P); with בָּהּ (i.e. בָּעֲבֹדָה) Exod 5:9 (J) in toil; work with (עִם) God 1Sam 14:45, so probably of God's working with (אֵת) Moses and Aaron 1Sam 12:6 (usually appoint); with אֵת with (of person in whose company, in whose field Ruth 2:19 (twice in verse) (gleaning); work בְּחֵפֶץ כַּפֶּיהָ Prov 31:13 without preposition Exod 36:1; Neh 3:28.
2. deal with, with עִם, 2Chr 2:2; Dan 1:13 (כַּאֲשֶׁר accusative as); with אֵת, Ezek 20:44; Ps 109:21; Ezek 22:14; Zeph 3:19 (perhaps; Gr Now insert כָּלָה, see II 1 g), + כְּ Jer 21:2, + בְּ of manner Ezek 23:25; Ezek 23:29 with לְ person + בְּ Ezek 25:12 with בְּ person, Jer 18:23; Dan 11:7, + כְּ according to Neh 9:24; Esth 3:11.
3. often in phrase, do kindness (חֶסֶד) with: with (עִמָּדִ) עִם Gen 19:19; Gen 24:12; Gen 12:14 (J), Judg 1:24; Judg 8:35; 1Sam 15:6; 2Sam 2:5; 2Sam 10:2 = 1Chr 19:2 +; with עַל, 1Sam 20:8 (but read עִם Vrss We Dr and others); absolute, Ps 109:16 object חֶסֶד + אֱמֶת, with עִם, Josh 2:14 (JE) Judg 9:19; 2Sam 2:6 with אֵת with, Gen 24:49; Gen 32:11; Gen 47:29 (all J); with לְ, Exod 20:6 = Deut 5:10; 2Sam 22:51 = Ps 18:51 so טוֺב ׳ע, with עִם, Gen 26:29 (J), compare Judg 8:35; Judg 9:16 with אֵת with, 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 2:6.
4. absolute act, act with effect, especially of ׳י, 1Kgs 8:32; 1Kgs 8:39; Jer 14:7; Ezek 20:9; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ps 22:32; Ps 37:5; Ps 52:11; Dan 9:19 of men 2Chr 31:21; Dan 8:12; Dan 8:24; Dan 11:28; Dan 11:30; Dan 11:32 with ל of person Ezek 31:11.
II. 1. make (670 + t.):
  a. with object concrete, ark Gen 8:6, altar Gen 13:4, idols Judg 18:24; Judg 18:31 +, etc.
  b. often of God's making (creating) Gen 3:1 (J), Gen 1:7; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:25 (P), Neh 9:6; Job 9:9; Prov 8:26; 2Chr 2:11; Ps 95:5 +; making man Ps 100:3; Ps 119:73 (made by God's hands), in the womb Job 31:15 (twice in verse); making, constituting, nation Deut 26:19; Deut 32:6; Deut 32:15 participle suffix עשֵֹׁהוּ his Maker Isa 17:7; Prov 14:31; Prov 17:5 (הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 is improbable, most read הֶעָשָׂוּי, with various interpretation of following words); עשֶֹׁךָ Isa 51:13, עשֵֹׁנִי Job 32:23 (Ginsb; vJob 32:22 van d. H. Baer), עשֵֹׁנוּ Ps 95:6 so apparently plural participle עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10, עשַֹׁיִךְ Isa 54:5 (Ges«GKC:124k»§ 124k explanation as sg.).
  c. make something, with לְ reflexive, make for thee Exod 20:4; Deut 9:12; Deut 10:1 +, for (ל) another 1Sam 2:19; 2Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 2:24 +; object מִשְׁתֶּה banquet Gen 40:20; Esth 5:4, also (no ל) Gen 29:22 (E) Judg 14:10; Esth 5:5; Esth 5:12 and (figurative, ׳י subject) Isa 25:6 with ל of thing, Deut 22:8 with ל of animal Gen 33:17 (J).
  d. make a name (שֵׁם) for oneself (ל) 2Sam 7:9; 1Chr 17:8, also (no ל) 2Sam 8:13 a new heart for oneself (ל) Ezek 18:31.
  e. make war with (אֶת) Gen 14:2; Josh 11:18 (D); with עִם, Deut 20:12; Deut 20:20; 1Chr 5:10; 1Chr 5:19 absolute 1Chr 22:8 with ל reflexive Prov 24:6 participle עשֵֹׁה מִלְחָמָה 2Chr 11:1; 2Chr 26:11; 2Chr 26:13 make peace, with ל person Josh 9:15 (J); אִתִּי בְרָכָה ׳ע 2Kgs 18:31 make an agreement with me. feminine with ב, ׳פֶּרֶץ בּ ׳ע Judg 21:15 ׳י brought a catastrophe upon (compare פרץ).
  g. with 2 accusative, make something out of (accusative mater.) Exod 25:18; Exod 28:13; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:24; Song 3:10; Deut 10:3 +; make something into something (Ges«GKC:117ii»§ 117ii) Hos 8:4; Gen 27:9; Judg 17:4; Num 11:8; Num 17:3; Ps 104:4 make something כָּלָה, i. e. utterly destroy it Nah 1:8; Zeph 1:18; Ezek 20:17; Neh 9:31 c. passive participle as 2nd accusative Exod 38:7 they made it נְבוּב לֻחֹת hollow with boards, Exod 39:9 but also with accusative + לְ, Hos 2:10 gold they made into (ל) the Baal, Judg 8:27; Exod 27:3 (P), Deut 9:14; Jer 37:15; Ezek 4:9; Isa 44:17; Isa 44:19 make something for (ל person), + מִן of material Song 3:9.
2. produce, yield: of grain, yielding meal Hos 8:7 (twice in verse), vineyard, grapes Isa 5:2 (twice in verse); Isa 5:4 (twice in verse); Isa 5:10, tree, fruit 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31; Hos 9:16; Jer 12:2; Jer 17:8; Ezek 17:23 (all figurative), Gen 1:11; Gen 1:12 (P); branches Job 14:9 and (figurative) Ezek 17:8 land, fruit Lev 25:21 compare Hab 3:17, absolute Gen 41:47 of seed Isa 5:10, vine, shoots Ezek 17:6 (figurative); of cows, yielding milk Isa 7:22 hippop. producing fat Job 15:27.
3. prepare, especially of dressing and cooking food, Gen 18:7; Gen 18:8; Judg 6:19; Judg 13:5; 1Sam 25:18 (passive), 2Sam 12:4 (twice in verse); Gen 27:14; Gen 27:17; Gen 27:31; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:7; 1Kgs 17:12; Exod 12:39 (+ ל reflexive); a bullock for sacrifice (see below) 1Kgs 18:23; 1Kgs 18:25; 1Kgs 18:26 כְּלֵי גוֺלָה Ezek 12:3 (+ ל reflexive); a chamber Neh 13:7 prepare to build (+ ל person and infinitive).
4. make offering, e.g. עוֺלָה Judg 13:16; Jer 33:18; Lev 16:24, עוֺלָה וָזֶבַח 2Kgs 5:17 (+ ל of deity), הַחַטָּאת Lev 14:19, אִשֶּׁה Num 15:3; Num 15:14, various offerings 1Kgs 8:64; Lev 9:22; Ezek 45:17; Ezek 46:2 +; + ׳לי to ׳י Lev 17:9 +; also with accusative of thing sacrificed (perhaps originally prepare or provide, see above) Ezek 43:25 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:15; Lev 14:30; Lev 15:15; Lev 15:30; Lev 16:9; Num 6:11; Num 6:17; Ps 66:15 (+ ל of deity) +; absolute = offer sacrifice Exod 10:25 (E + ׳לי), to (ל) heathen gods 2Kgs 17:32.
5. attend to, put in order: pare (the nails) Deut 21:12 wash (feet) 2Sam 19:25 trim (beard) v.2Sam 19:25 (compare French faire la barbe, German die Haare machen).
6. observe, celebrate, religious festival, e.g. passover Exod 12:48; Num 9:4; Num 9:6; Num 9:13; Josh 5:10, also (+ ׳לי) Exod 12:48; Num 9:10; Num 9:14 (all P), Deut 16:1 +; sabbath Exod 31:16; Deut 5:15 feast of weeks Deut 16:10, booths Deut 16:13, Purim Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27, etc.
7. acquire property of various kinds (compare 'make money') Gen 12:5; Gen 31:5 (J), Isa 15:7; Jer 17:11; Jer 48:36; Deut 8:18; Ezek 22:18; Ezek 28:4 (twice in verse); Ezek 38:12; 2Chr 32:29; Eccl 2:8 + ל reflexive Deut 8:17; 2Sam 15:1; 1Kgs 1:5 of fruits from vineyards, etc. Ps 107:37.
8. appoint priests 1Kgs 12:31; 1Kgs 13:33; 2Chr 2:17 (all + מִן source), a feast 1Kgs 12:32; 1Kgs 12:33 (+ ל person); ordain a sacrifice Num 28:6, a festal day Ps 118:24 institute, אוֺב וְיִדְּעֹנִי ghost and familiar spirit 2Kgs 21:6 = 2Chr 33:6 (compare DrDeut 18:11).
9. bring about, of ׳י's effecting a deliverance Exod 14:13 (לָכֶם), 1Sam 11:13; 2Sam 23:10 (insert also || 1Chr 11:13 Dr), v1Chr 11:12 cause, followed by clause with שֶׁ Eccl 3:14.
10. use, לִמְלַאכְתּוֺ ׳וְע 1Sam 8:16 passive Exod 38:24.
11. spend, pass, days of life Eccl 6:12. Niph`al97 Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲשָׂה Judg 16:11 +; 3 feminine singular נֶעֶשְׂתָה 2Sam 17:23 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָשֶׂה Gen 29:26 +, 3 feminine singular with ו subordinate וְתֵעָשׂ Esth 5:6; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 (Ges«GKC:109»§ 109 f.), etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָשׂוֺת Esth 9:1; Esth 9:14, etc., Participle נַעֲשֶׂה Neh 5:18, etc.; —
1. be done (passive of Qal I 1):
  a. subject מְלָאכָה Judg 16:11 (with ב instrumental), Neh 6:16 (with מֵאֵת אֱלֹהִים ), vNeh 6:9; Exod 12:16 + 4 t.; subject omitted Ezek 44:14, indefinite Esth 4:1 with כֵּן Esth 9:14 be done, כַּתּוֺרָה Ezra 10:3 be committed, of offence, Deut 13:15; Num 15:24; Eccl 4:1 + 3 t.; with negative not (yet) done, i.e. future Isa 46:10 be accomplished, performed, fulfilled Ezek 12:35; Ezek 12:38; Dan 11:36; Esth 5:5; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 be executed, carried out, of sentence Eccl 8:11, decree Esth 9:1 be followed, of counsel 2Sam 17:28 nearly = occur Eccl 1:9 (twice in verse); Eccl 1:13; Eccl 9:3; Eccl 9:6, subject מַעֲשֶׂה Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 4:3; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:17, subject הֶבֶל vEccl 8:14, עִנְיָן vEccl 8:15.
  b. Imperfect with negative, is (are) not done, not according to usage, of flagrant offences Gen 20:9 (E), Gen 29:26 (with כֵּן), Gen 34:7 (both J), 2Sam 13:12 (כֵּן); hence (P) not to be done, forbidden by ׳י Lev 4:2; Lev 4:13; Lev 4:22; Lev 4:27; Lev 5:17.
  c. be done to, with ל of animal 1Sam 11:7 (כֹּה); ל person Exod 2:4 (E) Exod 21:31 (E; כַּמִּשְׁפָּט), Isa 3:11; Jer 5:13 (כֹּה), Lev 24:19 (H; כֵּן), Num 15:34 (P) + 8 t.; be done for, ל person Judg 11:37; Esth 6:3, עִם person vEsth 6:3 ל of thing Num 15:11 (כָּכָה).
  d. be done upon, against (ב) Dan 9:12.
2. (passive of Qal II):
  a. be made, of conr. things 1Kgs 10:20 = 2Chr 9:19 (throne), Jer 3:16 (ark), 2Kgs 12:14; Ezek 43:18; Exod 25:31; Num 4:36 (P); with accusative mat; Lev 2:7.
  b. be produced from (מִן) vine Num 6:4.
  c. be prepared, of food Exod 12:16; Lev 6:14; Lev 7:9 (all P), Neh 5:18 (twice in verse).
  d. be offered, מִנְחָה Lev 2:8; Lev 2:11, kid Num 28:15; Num 28:24.
  e. be observed, passover 2Kgs 24:22; 2Kgs 24:23 (ל of deity) = 2Chr 35:18; 2Chr 35:19 Purim Esth 9:28. feminine be used + ל of thing Lev 7:24 (P); Lev 13:51 (P) Ezek 15:5 (twice in verse). Pu`al Perfect 1 singular עֻשֵּׂיתִי Ps 139:15 I was made.

BDB6436 H6213

BDB6435 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6437

II. [עָשָׂה] verb Pi`el press, squeeze (Late Hebrew עִשָּׂה Pi`el compel; ᵑ7 עַסִּי Pa`el crush, gnash (teeth); compare Arabic compress a woman); — Perfect 3 plural עִשּׂוּ דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלִים Ezek 23:3; Ezek 23:8 (unchaste act); Infinitive construct בַּעֲשׂוֺתדַּ֗֗֗דַּיִךְ vEzek 23:21 read Pi`el בְּעַשּׂוֺת (Ew Co Toy, and others).

do, made, done, did, make, …
ʿāśâ
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • to do, fashion, accomplish, make
    • (Qal)
      • to do, work, make, produce
        • to do
          • "to work"to deal (with)"to act, act with effect, effect
        to make
        • to make
          • "to produce"to prepare"to make (an offering)"to attend to, put in order"to observe, celebrate"to acquire (property)"to appoint, ordain, institute"to bring about"to use"to spend, pass
      (Niphal)
      • to be done
        • "to be made"to be produced"to be offered"to be observed"to be used
      (Pual) to be made
    (Piel) to press, squeeze

מִשְׁפָּ֣ט
מִשְׁפָּ֣ט
Root word judgment, judgments, manner, right, cause, …
Dictionary form: מִשְׁפָּט · mish-PAWT

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: judgment
judgment ×62 of judgment ×22 my judgments ×20 and judgment ×16 in judgment ×14 thy judgments ×13 and judgments ×12 after the manner ×10
More options
justice — Best for contexts of fair treatment or legal equity.
judgment — Modernizes KJV; suits judicial decisions or rulings.
ordinance — Prefer for codified legal statutes or divine decrees.
right — Use when emphasizing entitlement or what is due.
custom — Good for social or cultural norms and practices.
sentence — Specific to formal verdicts pronounced by a judge.

BDB8959 H4941

BDB8958 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8960

מִשְׁפָּט422 noun masculineGen 40:13 judgment; — absolute מִשְׁפָּט Exod 21:31 + 203 t., + לְשְִׁ֯פָּט Ezek 44:24 (but read Kt לִשְׁפֹּט with ᵐ5 ᵑ7 ᵑ6 Co and others); construct מִשְׁפַּט Exod 23:6 + 50 t.; suffix מִשְׁפָּטִי Isa 40:27 +; מִשְׁפָּטָם Jer 49:12 +; מִשְׁפָּטָן Num 27:5 plural מִשְׁפָּטִים Jer 4:12 + 34 t.; suffix מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Deut 33:10 +, etc.; —

1. judgment:
  a. act of deciding a case: ׳מ be-longeth to God Deut 1:17, is from him Prov 16:33; Prov 29:26 ׳אֱלֹהֵי הַמּ Mal 2:17 ׳חשֶׁן מ Exod 28:15 the pouch of judgment, so vExod 28:29 vExod 28:30 (P); worn on heart of Aaron vExod 28:30 (P); צֶדֶק ׳מ Deut 16:18 ׳הֵבִין מ Job 32:9 ׳שׁפט מ 1Kgs 3:28 ׳עשׂה מ 1Kgs 3:28 ׳דְּבַר (ה)מ Deut 17:9; 2Chr 19:6 ׳רוח מ Isa 28:6 במשׁפט Lev 19:15; Lev 19:35 (H) Deut 1:17; Prov 16:10; Prov 24:23 חאורים ׳במ Num 27:21 (P); למשׁפט Num 35:12; Josh 20:6 (P) Deut 17:8; Judg 4:5; 2Sam 15:2; 2Sam 15:6; 2Chr 19:8; Isa 34:5; Isa 41:1; Isa 54:17; Isa 59:11; Hab 1:12; Mal 3:5; Ps 9:8; Ps 35:23; Ps 76:10; Ps 122:5; Job 9:19 (Ezek 44:24 see above).
  b. place, court seat of judgment Deut 25:1; 1Kgs 7:7; Isa 28:6; Eccl 3:16.
  c. process, procedure, litigation before judges: ׳הֵבִיא במ Job 14:3; Eccl 11:9; Eccl 12:14 ׳בא במ, with עם Isa 3:14; Job 22:4, with את Ps 143:2, with יחדו Job 9:32, ׳חלד במ Job 34:23, compare Ezek 34:16; Ps 112:5 plural דבּר משׁפטים, with את litigate with Jer 1:16; Jer 4:12; Jer 12:1; Jer 39:5 = Jer 52:9, singular מִשְׁפָּט in || 2Kgs 25:6, by error.
  d. case or cause presented for judgment: ׳בעל מ Isa 50:8 ׳ערךְ מ Job 13:18; Job 23:4 ׳שׁמע מ 1Kgs 3:11 ׳שׁפט מ Lam 3:59, compare Num 27:5 (P) 2Sam 15:4.
  e. sentence, decision of judgment: כן משׁפטךָ 1Kgs 20:40 thus is thy sentence; ׳עת ומ Eccl 8:5; Eccl 8:6 time and sentence; ׳על מ Deut 17:11 according to the sentence; מָוֶת ׳מ Deut 19:6; Deut 21:22; Jer 26:11; Jer 26:16 דמים ׳מ Ezek 7:23, compare Hab 1:4 (twice in verse); Ps 7:7; Ps 17:2; Ezek 23:45 plural only Ezek 16:68 משׁפטֵי נאפות; Hos 6:5 read singular מִשְׁפָּטִי בָאוֺד for מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ אוֺר after ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew Hi Che and most modern feminine execution of judgment, in general, ׳עשׂה מ, with בֵּין Jer 7:5; Ezek 18:8, compare Deut 32:41; Zeph 3:8 with בְּ against Ps 119:84; Ps 149:9 ב omitted Ps 9:17; Ezek 39:21, בא אל ׳מ Jer 48:21, ׳ברוח מ Isa 4:4, מואב ׳מ Jer 48:47, compare Isa 53:8; Jer 51:9; Hos 5:1; Hos 5:11; Hos 10:4; Job 36:17 plural Isa 26:8; Isa 26:9; Ezek 5:8; Zeph 3:15; Ps 10:5 in favour of, עשׂה משׁפטִי Mic 7:9; Ps 9:5 לעשׁוקים ׳מ Ps 146:7 והציל ׳דין מ Jer 21:12, compare Zech 7:9; Zech 8:16 plural Ps 48:12 = Ps 97:8; Ps 6; Ps 5; Ps 7 = 1Chr 16:12; 1Chr 16:14.
  g. time of judgment, ׳לִא יקומו במ Ps 1:5 (late; probably judgment of the resurrection).
2. attribute of the שֹׁפֵט, justice, right, rectitude:
  a. of God, ׳אלהי מ Isa 30:18 ׳הֲשֹׁפֵט כָּלהָֿאָרֶץ לֹא יַעֲשֶׂה מ Gen 18:25 (J), compare Job 40:8; Deut 32:4; Ps 111:7 he loves it Ps 33:5; Ps 37:28; Ps 99:4 ׳צדק ומ Hos 2:21; Ps 89:15 = Ps 97:2 will not pervert it Job 8:3; Job 34:12, compare Job 37:23 כמשׁפטךָ Ps 119:149 (|| חסדךָ); מִשְׁפָּֽטְךָ תְּהוֺם רָבָּה Ps 36:7 (read singular).
  b. of man: ׳אַשְׁרֵי שֹׁמְרֵי מ Ps 106:8 (|| צדקה); the tongue of the wise speaketh ׳מ Ps 37:30 so of thoughts ׳מ Prov 12:5 put on ׳מ as robe Job 29:14, chosen Job 34:4 ׳עשׂה מ: God requires that man should do it Mic 6:8; Isa 1:17; Isa 56:1, compare Isa 61:8 it is the joy of the righteous Prov 21:15 rulers should know it Mic 3:1, compare Prov 29:4 wicked ruler ׳שׂוֺנֵא מ Job 34:17 abhors it Mic 3:9, compare Prov 19:28; Prov 21:7; Prov 28:5.
3. ordinance promulgated by שֹׁפֵט: 1Sam 8:9; 1Sam 8:11; 1Sam 10:25 (law of king); Levitical ordinances Lev 5:10; Lev 9:16 + 13 t. P, 1Chr 15:13; 1Chr 24:19; 2Chr 4:7; 2Chr 4:20; 2Chr 8:14; 2Chr 35:13; Neh 8:18 ׳חק ומ Exod 15:25; Josh 24:25 (E) 1Sam 30:25, compare Ps 81:5 ׳חקת מ Num 27:11; Num 35:29 (P); divine law in general יהוה ׳מ Jer 8:7 ׳מ אלהים Isa 58:2; Jer 5:4; Jer 5:5 (|| דֶּרֶךְ), compare Ps 25:9 || תורה Isa 42:4; Isa 51:4; Ezra 7:10 compare Zeph 2:3; Ps 119:43; Ps 119:160 plural of particular ordinances Deut 33:10; Deut 33:21 (poem), Isa 58:2; Ezek 44:24; Ps 19:10; Ps 119:7 + 16 t., Ps 147:20.
4. decision of the שֹׁפֵט in a case of law (see BrHexateuch 252 sq.): singular of particular decision of a case Exod 21:31 (E); plural of series of decisions Exod 21:1; Exod 24:3 (JE) Deut 7:12 (D2); in covt. code and D, collection of pentads in conditional or temporal compare, with כּי or אם in D, and subject in combination, חקים ומשׁפטים Deut 4:1. 5. 8. 14. 45 +; in code of H and after, in combination חקות ומשׁפטים, Lev 18:4; Lev 18:5; Lev 18:26; Lev 19:37 +; (the specific type of these laws in H is אִישׁ כִּי, over against נפשׁ כי or אדם כי in code of P, see BrHexateuch 254 f.); other combinations, redactional and later, Lev 26:46; Num 36:13; Deut 30:16; 2Kgs 17:37; 2Chr 33:8; Neh 9:13; Ps 18:23; Ps 89:31; Ps 147:19.
5. one's (legal) right, privilege, due: הַכּהֲנִים ׳מ Deut 18:3 due of the priests, הַבְּכֹרָה ׳מ Deut 21:17 ׳מ הַגְּאֻלָּה Jer 32:7 right of redemption; הַיְרֻשָּׁה ׳מ vJer 32:8 ׳הִטָּה מ Exod 23:6 (E) wrest right, so Deut 16:19; Deut 23:6; Deut 24:17; Deut 27:19; Deut 1:3; , compare Prov 18:5 יְתוֺם ׳מ Deut 10:18 אביון ׳מ Exod 23:6 (E) Jer 5:28; Ps 140:13 עניים׳מ Isa 10:2; Job 36:6 ׳הסיר מ Job 27:2; Job 34:5, compare Isa 40:27; Isa 49:4.
6. a. proper, fitting, measure 1Kgs 5:8 fitness Isa 28:26; Isa 40:14 (of fitness in the order of nature; compare Di).
  b. custom, manner: הכהנים ׳מ 1Sam 2:13 custom of the priests (rightful due, according to Th We Dr and most); מִשְׁפָּטוֺ 1Sam 27:11 his (David's) custom; ׳מ הגוים 2Kgs 17:33 manner of the nations, compare 2Kgs 17:26; 2Kgs 17:27 (Rssem. 1, 24, 2nd ed. 23); ׳כמ after the manner, custom, fashion (of) Gen 40:13; Exod 21:9 (E) Judg 18:7; 1Kgs 18:28; 2Kgs 11:14; 2Kgs 17:34; 1Chr 6:17; Ezek 42:11; Ps 119:132.
  c. מה משׁפט Judg 13:12 what manner of a boy, compare 2Kgs 1:7.
  d. plan . . . of the tabernacle Exod 26:30 (P); temple 1Kgs 6:38 palace Jer 30:18.

judgment, judgments, manner, right, cause, …
mišpāṭ
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, individual or collective), including the act, the place, the suit, the crime, and the penalty; abstractly, justice, including a participant's right or privilege (statutory or customary), or even a style
  • judgment, justice, ordinance
    • judgment
      • act of deciding a case
        • "place, court, seat of judgment"process, procedure, litigation (before judges)"case, cause (presented for judgment)"sentence, decision (of judgment)"execution (of judgment)"time (of judgment)
      justice, right, rectitude (attributes of God or man)"ordinance"decision (in law)"right, privilege, due (legal)"proper, fitting, measure, fitness, custom, manner, plan

וָ צֶ֑דֶק
וָ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
צֶ֑דֶק
Root word righteousness, just, justice, righteous, righteously, …
Dictionary form: צֶדֶק · tseh-DEK

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: and justice
righteousness ×24 of righteousness ×9 in righteousness ×6 just ×4 justice ×4 thy righteous ×4 with righteousness ×4 and a just ×3
More options
justice — Prefer when legal, social, or civic fairness is in view.
righteousness — Modernized KJV staple; broad moral uprightness before God.
right conduct — Behavioral focus; good for ethical or wisdom contexts.
integrity — Emphasizes wholeness and honesty of character.
equity — Highlights fair treatment and impartiality in judgment.
vindication — Use when God or a person is declared/proved right.

BDB4684 H4442 H6664 H4428

BDB4683 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4685

מַלְכִּיצֶֿ֫דֶק proper name, masculine king of שָׁלֵם (q. v.), (my king is ‚ede‡) — Gen 14:18. Ps 110:4. ᵐ5 Μελχισεδεκ.

BDB6941 H6664 H3072

BDB6940 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6942

צֶ֫דֶק noun masculineIsa 1:21 rightness, righteousness; — ׳צ Lev 19:36 + 87 t.; צִדְקִי Isa 41:10 + 8 t., etc.; —

1. what is right, just, normal; rightness, justness, of weights and measures, אֵיפָה, אֶבֶן שְׁלֵמָה וָצֶדֶק Deut 25:15 a perfect and a just weight, ephah; ׳מאֹזְנֵי צ; ׳אַבְנֵי צ, ׳אֵיפַת צ, ׳הִין צ, ׳בַּת צ Lev 19:36 (H) Job 31:6; Ezek 45:10 ׳מַעְגְּלֵי צ right paths Ps 23:3 ׳זִבְחֵי צ right peace-offerings Deut 33:19; Ps 4:6; Ps 51:21.
2. righteousness, in government:
  a. of judges, rulers, kings, ׳שׁפט בצ Lev 19:15(H); ׳שׁפט צ Deut 1:16; Prov 31:9 ׳משׁפט צ Deut 16:18 ׳רדף צ vDeut 16:20 ׳חוֺקֵק צ Prov 8:15 ׳מלך לצ Isa 32:1 ׳דבּר צ Ps 58:2 also Prov 25:5; Ps 94:15; Eccl 5:7.
  b. of law, as מִשְׁפָּטִים Isa 58:2; Ps 119:7; Ps 119:62; Ps 119:75; Ps 119:106; Ps 119:160 (ᵐ5, but ᵑ0 מִשְׁפַּט), vPs 119:164 as עֵדוֺת vPs 119:138 vPs 119:144 as מִצְוֺר vPs 119:172.
  c. of Davidic king, Messiah Isa 11:4; Isa 11:5; Isa 16:5; Ps 45:5, ׳דין דצ Ps 72:2.
  d. of Jerusalem, as seat of just government, עִיר הַצֶּדֶק Isa 1:26 city of righteousness; ׳נְוֵה צ Jer 31:23; Jer 50:7 (possibly these reflect an original god צֶדֶק, see מַלְכִּי צֶדֶק); יָלִין בָּהּ ׳צ Isa 1:21 righteousness used to lodge in her; compare ׳מְקוֺם הצ Eccl 3:16 the place of righteousness.
  e. of God's attribute as sovereign Job 36:3, husband of Israel Hos 2:21 ׳צ his personified agent Ps 85:11; Ps 85:12; Ps 85:14, foundation of his throne Ps 89:15 = Ps 97:2 in his government Ps 9:9; Ps 65:6; Ps 96:13 = Ps 98:9, promise Isa 45:19, administration of justice Job 8:3; Jer 11:20; Ps 7:18; Ps 48:11; Ps 50:6 = Ps 97:6, vindication of his people Ps 9:5; Ps 35:24; Ps 35:28 raising up Cyrus Isa 45:13, calling his servant Isa 42:6 אֱלֹהֵי צִדְקִי Ps 4:2 God of my righteousness (who vindicates me); his ׳צ is everlasting Ps 119:142.
3. righteousness, justice, in a case or cause Job 6:29; Job 8:6; Job 29:14; Ps 35:27; Isa 59:4 God ׳שׁפט כצ Ps 7:9 judges according to righteousness; ׳גמל כצ Ps 18:21 ׳השׁיב כצ vPs 18:25 ׳שׁמע צ Ps 17:1 ׳הוציא צ Ps 37:6.
4. rightness, in speech, ׳דבּר צ Ps 52:5 (opposed to שֶׁקֶר); ׳יַגִּיד צ Prov 12:17 כל אמרי פי ׳בצ Prov 8:8 ׳שִׂפְתֵי צ Prov 16:13.
5. righteousness, as ethically right Job 35:2; Ps 17:15; Ps 45:8; Prov 1:3; Prov 2:9; Eccl 7:15; Jer 22:13; Ezek 3:20; Hos 10:12 (read ׳פְּרִי צ, so ᵐ5 We Now); עלמים׳צ Dan 9:24 ׳עשׂה צ Isa 64:4; Ps 119:121 ׳פעל צ Ps 15:2 ׳למד צ Isa 26:6; Isa 26:10 ׳בקּשׁ צ Zeph 2:3 ׳רדף צ Isa 51:1 ׳ידע צ vIsa 51:7.
6. righteousness as vindicated, justification in controversy with enemies and troubles, deliverance, victory, prosperity:
  a. of God as covenant-keeping, in redemption, בִּימִין צִדְקִי Isa 41:10, || יֵשַׁע Isa 45:8; Isa 51:5, compare Isa 42:21 ׳בשּׂר צ Ps 40:10 ׳אִמְרַת צ Ps 119:123.
  b. in name יהוה צִדְקֵנוּ, of Messianic king (vindicating people's cause and giving victory) Jer 23:6 of city Jer 33:16.
  c. of people as enjoying ׳צ of salvation, || יְשׁוּעָה Isa 62:1 || כָּבוֺד Isa 58:8; Isa 62:2 ׳כהנים יִלְבְּשׁוּ צ Ps 132:9 ׳שַׁעֲרֵי צ Ps 118:19 ׳אֵילֵי הצ Isa 61:3.
  d. of Cyrus, יִקְרָאֵהוּ לְרַגְלוֺ ׳צ Isa 41:2 (who) in victory calleth him at every step (CheHpt on whose steps attends victory, so Di Du).

righteousness, just, justice, righteous, righteously, …
ṣedeq
the right (natural, moral or legal); also (abstractly) equity or (figuratively) prosperity
  • justice, rightness, righteousness
    • what is right or just or normal, rightness, justness (of weights and measures)
      • "righteousness (in government)
      • of judges, rulers, kings
        • "of law"of Davidic king, Messiah"of Jerusalem as seat of just government"of God's attribute
      righteousness, justice (in case or cause)"rightness (in speech)"righteousness (as ethically right)"righteousness (as vindicated), justification (in controversy), deliverance, victory, prosperity
      • of God as covenant-keeping in redemption
        • "in name of Messianic king"of people enjoying salvation"of Cyrus

בַּל
בַּל
Particle not
Dictionary form: בַּל · bahl

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: me not
not ×7 shall not ×5 they shall not ×5 he shall not ×3 nor ×3 i shall not ×2 neither ×2 that they may not ×2
More options
not — General negation; suits most poetic and prose contexts.
never — Stresses absolute or emphatic negation; strong assertion.
nor — Use when continuing a negative clause in a series.
cannot — Highlights inability rather than mere negation.
no — Blunt, forceful denial; works well before a noun or verb.
nothing — Use when בַּל negates an implied object or quantity.

BDB1126 H1077

BDB1125 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1127

בַּל69 adverb not (Phoenician id.: e.g. CISi. 165, 15 בל יכן לכהן shall not be for the priest; :3, 3 בל עתי = before my time) a poetic synonym of לֹא, of comparatively rare occurrence, Hos 7:2; Hos 9:16 (Qr) Isa 14:21; Isa 35:9; Isa 43:17; Prov 9:13; Prov 14:7; Prov 19:23; Prov 22:29; Prov 23:7; Prov 23:35 (twice in verse); Prov 24:23; 1Chr 16:30 ( = Ps 96:10), only besides, except in the passages cited, in other Psalms: often repeated in the same context, as Isa 26:10 (twice in verse); Isa 26:11; Isa 26:14 (twice in verse); Isa 26:18 (twice in verse); Isa 33:20 (twice in verse); Isa 33:21; Isa 33:23 (twice in verse); Isa 33:24; Isa 44:8; Isa 44:9 (3 t. in verse); Ps 10:4; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:15; Ps 10:18; Ps 16:2; Ps 16:4 (twice in verse); Ps 16:8; Ps 17:3 (twice in verse); Ps 17:5; Ps 21:3; Ps 21:8; Ps 21:12 also used often with אֶמּוֺט, יִמּוֺט, תִּמּוֺט Ps 10:6; Ps 16:8; Ps 21:8; Ps 30:7; Ps 46:6; Ps 93:1; Ps 96:10; Ps 104:5; Prov 10:30; Prov 12:3; Job 41:15. In Isa 40:24 it is probably that it acquires from the context the sense of hardly: yea, hardly are they planted, yea, hardly are they sown ..., when he even bloweth upon them, and they wither; compare לֹא 2Kgs 20:4. Joined anomalously with an infin., Ps 32:9 בַּל קְרוֺב אֵלֶיךָ (else) there is not coming nigh thee (i.e. else they will not approach thee).

not, nor, neither, no, cannot, …
bal
properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually (adverb) not at all; also lest
  • not, hardly, else

תַּ֝נִּיחֵ ֗נִי
תַּ֝נִּיחֵ
Root word leave, left, up, lay, put, …
֗נִי
Suffix — pronoun my / me
Dictionary form: יָנַח · yaw-NA

Verb — Hiphil, Imperfect (Yiqtol), second person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: leave
and set ×4 leave ×3 left ×3 and lay ×2 and leave ×2 and left ×2 and they put ×2 he suffered ×2
More options
leave — Most versatile; suits abandonment or deliberate placement.
set down — Good for physical placement of an object.
let alone — Prefer when the nuance is ceasing to interfere.
allow — Fits permissive or causative contexts naturally.
deposit — Formal register; suits storing or entrusting something.
withdraw — Use when the subject pulls back or refrains from action.

BDB5049 H5117 H5118 H3240

BDB5048 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5050

נוּחַ verb rest (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic נוּחַ, ; Phoenician נחת noun rest; possibly also verb ינח (Iph. Perfect), compare Levy cited CISi. 118 Lzb322; Assyrian nâhu, rest (inûh), and derivatives; Ethiopic be extended, long, rarely rest; Arabic IV. is make camel lie down on his breast; resting-place of camel, compare DoughtyArab. Des. i, 397, ii, 63, 486, 642); —

Qal Perfect 3 feminine singular נָ֫חָה Isa 7:2 + 2 t., consecutive וְנָחָה Isa 11:2 1 singular נָ֑חְתְּי Job 3:26 3 plural נָ֫חוּ Esth 9:22, consecutive וְנָחוּ Isa 7:19 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָנוּחַ Exod 23:12 + 6 t., וַיָּ֫נַח Exod 10:14; Exod 20:11 3 feminine singular תָּנוּחַ Isa 25:10; Prov 14:33, וַתָּ֫נַח Gen 8:4; Num 11:26 2 masculine singular תָּנוּחַ Dan 12:13 etc.; Infinitive absolute נוֺחַ Esth 9:16; Esth 9:17; Esth 9:18 construct לָנוּחַ 2Sam 21:10 כְּנוֺחַ Num 11:25; Josh 3:13; Neh 9:28 suffix 3 masculine singular בְּנֻחֹה Num 10:36 — לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ 2Chr 6:41 see מְנוּחָה; —
1. rest, settle down and remain, followed by עַל; of birds 2Sam 21:10 ark Gen 8:4 (P); נָ֫חָה אֲרָם עַלאֶֿפְרַיִם Isa 7:2 Aram hath settled down upon Ephraim; of spirit of ׳י Num 11:25; Num 11:26 (E), Isa 11:2 spirit of Elijah 2Kgs 2:15 sceptre of wicked Ps 125:3 (in figurative); followed by בְּ local: of insects Exod 10:14 (J), Isa 7:19 (figurative of invaders); of soles of feet resting in water Josh 3:13 (JE); hand of ׳י Isa 25:10 wisdom Prov 14:33 anger Eccl 7:9 בִּקְהַל רְפָאִים יָנוּחַ Prov 21:16 in the assembly of Shades shall he settle down; absolute, = stop, of ark at stages of journey Num 10:36 (JE); cease speaking 1Sam 25:9.
2. repose, be quiet, have rest: after labour Exod 20:11 (E; of God), Exod 23:12 (E; of cattle), Deut 5:14 (of slave); have rest from (מִן) enemies Esth 9:16 (infinitive absolute נוֺחַ, + עָמוֺד, הָרוֺג), vEsth 9:22, compare (absolute) vEsth 9:17 vEsth 9:18 (in both + עָשׂה), Neh 9:28 be at rest (from trouble), absolute, Job 3:26 (+ שָׁלַוְתִּי, שָׁקַטְתִּי); of the earth Isa 14:7 in couch of the grave Isa 57:2 in Sh®°ôl Job 3:17, so probably Dan 12:13 also לֹא תָּנוּחַ לָךְ Isa 23:12 = thou shalt not be at rest, compare impersonal יָנוּחַ לִי Job 3:13 = I should be at rest (in Sh®°ôl). — אָנוּחַ לְיוֺם צָרָה Hab 3:16 is dubious: I wait quietly for the day of distress De Ke Hi-St SS, so Now, doubtfully; We conjectures אֶנָּחֵם as Isa 1:24 I will appease me, GASm leaves untranslated Hiph`il A. Perfect 3 masculine singular הֵנִיחַ Josh 22:4 +; 1 singular וַהֲנִיחֹ֫תִי 2Sam 7:11 +; הֵנִ֫יחוּ Zech 6:8 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָנִיחַ Exod 17:11 +; וַיָּ֫נַח Josh 21:42 +; suffix וַיְנִיחֵנִי Ezek 37:1; Ezek 40:2 3 feminine singular suffix תְּנִיחֶנּוּ Isa 63:14 (but see below), etc.; Imperative masculine plural הָנִ֫יחוּ Isa 28:12 Infinitive construct הָנִיּחַ Isa 14:3 +, suffix הֲנִיחִי Ezek 24:13 Participle מֵנִיחַ Josh 1:13 —
1. cause to rest = give rest to:
  a. followed by accusative יָדוֺ Exod 17:11 (E), רוּחִי Zech 6:8 so apparently followed by חֲמָתִי + ב person, quiet (i.e. sate) my fury by (wreak it upon) Ezek 5:13 (strike out Co), Ezek 16:42; Ezek 24:13, also Ezek 21:22 (Co adds ב person).
  b. usually followed by ל person: (1) give rest to i.e. bring to resting-place Exod 33:14 (J), Deut 3:20; Josh 1:13; Josh 1:15; Josh 22:4 (all D), 1Chr 23:25 so, with suffix, Isa 63:14 (si vera lectio; Vrss Lo Ew Brd CheHpt read תַּנְחֶנּוּ, leadeth him, √ נחה); (2) of freedom from enemies, Isa 28:12; 2Chr 14:5 + מִכָּלאֿיבים [מִסָּבִיב] Deut 12:10; Deut 25:19; Josh 23:1 (D), 2Sam 7:1; 2Sam 7:11; 1Chr 22:9 so + מִסָּבִיב alone 1Kgs 5:18; Josh 21:42 (P), 1Chr 22:18; 2Chr 14:6; 2Chr 15:15; 2Chr 20:30, so also probably 2Chr 32:22 (for ᵑ0 וַיְנַהֲלֵם מִסָּבִיב); (3) of freedom suffering, + ׳מֵעָצְבְּךָ וגו Isa 14:3.
  c. make quiet in mind, set at rest וִינִיחֶ֑ךָ Prov 29:17 discipline thy son, that he may give thee quiet (of mind; || יִתֵּן מַעֲדַנִּים לְנַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ).
2. cause to rest (i.e. light) upon, with accusative staff + עַל person Isa 30:32 with accusative blessing + אֶלֿ Ezek 44:30 cause to alight, set down, with suffix person + בְּתוֺךְ local Ezek 37:1 + אֶלֿ Ezek 40:2 — For this meaning see especially B. below B. Perfect 3 masculine singular הִנִּיחַ Judg 3:1 +, הִנִּחַ 1Kgs 8:9, suffix וְהִנִּיחוֺ Deut 26:4, וְהִנִּיחָם Lev 16:23 both consecutive; 2 masculine singular וְהִנַּחְתָּ֫ Deut 14:28, suffix וְהִנַּחְתּוֺ Deut 26:10 consecutive, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singularיַנִּיחַ Lev 7:15, וַיַּנַּח Judg 2:23 +, suffix וַיַּנִּיחֵהוּ Exod 16:34 3 feminine singular וַתַּנַּח Gen 39:16 2 masculine singular jussive אַלתַּֿנַּח Eccl 7:18 + 2 t., etc.; Imperative masculine singular הַנַּח Hos 4:7 + 2 t., הַנִּ֫יחָה Exod 32:10; Judg 16:26, etc.; Infinitive construct suffix לְהַנִּיחוֺ Num 32:15, לְהַנִּיחָם Esth 3:8 Participle מַנִּיחַ Eccl 5:11 —
1. lay or set down, deposit, let lie, with accusative of thing, usually + word of place: stones at ford of Jordan Josh 4:3; Josh 4:8 (JE), ark 1Sam 6:18, garments Gen 39:16 (J), Lev 16:23 (P), Ezek 42:14; Ezek 44:19 compare Exod 16:23; Exod 16:24; Exod 16:33; Exod 16:34; Num 17:19; Num 17:22 (all P), Deut 26:4; Deut 26:10; 1Kgs 8:9; 1Kgs 13:31; Ezek 40:42; Ezek 42:13 so, accusative omitted, Judg 6:18; Judg 6:20; Deut 14:28; Num 19:9 (P), 1Sam 10:25 place, put, followed by accusative of person + local modification, Gen 2:15 (J), Gen 19:16 (J), Josh 6:23 (JE), Lev 24:12; Num 15:34 (both P), Isa 14:1; Isa 46:7; Ezek 37:14 probably also Zech 5:11 (read וְהִנִּיחֻהָ, see Ges«GKC:72ee»§ 72ee); read וַיַּנִּיחֵם also 2Kgs 18:11 (ᵐ5 ἔθετο; for ᵑ0 וַיַּנְחֵם; compare וַיּשֶׁב אוֺתָם || 2Kgs 17:6); place corpse on (אֶלֿ) ass 1Kgs 13:29, in grave v1Kgs 13:30 horsemen and chariots in cities 2Chr 1:14; 2Chr 9:25, so read also || 1Kgs 10:26 (ᵐ5 ἔθετο; for ᵑ0 וַיַּנְחֵם); tables in temple 2Chr 4:8 idols in shrines 2Kgs 17:29 (accusative omitted). Here belongs perhaps also וְגַם מִזֶּה אַלתַּֿנַּח אֶתיָֿדֶ֑ךָ Eccl 7:18 and also from this do not lest thy hand lie (idle), i.e. engage in it, compare Eccl 11:6 lay down forcibly, thrust down הִנִּיחַ לָאָרֶץ בְּיָד֑ Isa 28:2, compare Amos 5:7 perhaps also Ezek 22:20 (absolute; but strike out Co Berthol, after ᵐ5).
2. let remain, leave (in present condition), object nations Judg 2:23; Judg 3:1; Jer 27:11, people in wilderness Num 32:15 (JE); וְהִנִּיחוּךְ עֵירֹם וְעֶרְיָה Ezek 16:39 followed by accusative of thing Lev 7:15; 1Kgs 7:47 (leave unweighed); leave behind followed by accusative of person Gen 42:33 (E), 2Sam 16:21; 2Sam 20:3; 1Kgs 19:3; Jer 43:6 + אֶתפְּֿנֵי 1Sam 22:4 (read וַיַּנִּחֵם, for ᵑ0 וַיַּנְחֵם, and he left them with ᵑ6 ᵑ7 ᵑ9 We Dr Klo Bu Löhr HPS; leave name, for a curse Isa 65:15 leave or bequeath to (ל), with accusative of thing, Ps 17:14; Eccl 2:18.
3. leave = depart from, מְקוֺמְךָ אַלתַּֿנַּח Eccl 10:4 do not leave thy place.
4. abandon, followed by accusative of person Jer 14:9 בַּלתַּֿנִּיחֵנִי לְעשְׁקַ֑י Ps 119:121 abandon me not to my oppressors.
5. let alone (refrain from interfering with), followed by ל person Exod 32:10 (J E; object ׳י), Hos 4:17; 2Sam 16:11; 2Kgs 23:18 followed by accusative of person Esth 3:6 = avoid יַנִּיחַ חֲטָאִים גְּדוֺלִים Eccl 10:4 (but read perhaps יָנִיחַ, causeth to rest = allayeth compare Wild).
6. permit, with accusative of person Judg 16:26 + infinitive לֹא הִנִּיחַ אָדָם לְעָשְׁקָם Ps 105:14 = 1Chr 16:21, but here הִנִּיחַ לְאִישׁ, compare מַנִּיחַ לוֺ לִישׁוֺן Eccl 5:11. Hoph`al A. Perfect 3 masculine singular הוּנַּחלָֿ֑נוּ Lam 5:5 i.e.no rest is granted to us; for 3 feminine singular וְהֻנִ֫יחָה Zech 5:11 [so Baer Ginsb; van d. H. ׳והֻנּ] read probably וְהִנִּיחֻהָ see above Hiph`il B. 1. B. Participle מֻנָּ֔ח as substantive = space left, open space Ezek 41:9; Ezek 41:11 (twice in verse).

נוֺחַ see נוח Infinitive absolute נוּחַ 2Chr 6:41 see מִנוּחָה. below,

leave, left, up, lay, put, …
yānaḥ
to deposit; by implication, to allow to stay
  • to rest
    • (Qal)
      • to rest, settle down and remain
        • "to repose, have rest, be quiet
      (Hiphil)
      • to cause to rest, give rest to, make quiet
        • "to cause to rest, cause to alight, set down"to lay or set down, deposit, let lie, place"to let remain, leave"to leave, depart from"to abandon"to permit
      (Hophal)
      • to obtain rest, be granted rest
        • "to be left, be placed"open space (subst)

לְ עֹֽשְׁקָֽ י
לְ
Prefix — preposition to, for
עֹֽשְׁקָֽ
Root word oppressed, oppress, oppresseth, defrauded, oppressor, …
י
Suffix — pronoun my / me
Dictionary form: עָשַׁק · aw-SHAHK

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine plural, construct state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: to mine oppressors
oppressed ×4 he that oppresseth ×2 to do them wrong ×2 and against those that oppress ×1 and oppress ×1 defraud ×1 defrauded ×1 for the oppressed ×1
More options
oppress — Most direct modern equivalent; broad contextual fit.
exploit — Emphasizes taking unfair advantage of vulnerability.
wrong — Informal, relational tone; suits legal or moral contexts.
defraud — Highlights deceitful or financial dimension of the abuse.
abuse — Strong register; suits physical or systemic mistreatment.
extort — Best when coercion or unjust gain is in view.

BDB6455 H6231

BDB6454 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6456

עָשַׁק verb oppress, wrong, extort (ᵑ7 עֲשַׁק = Biblical Hebrew, so Old Aramaic עשק; Syriac accuse, slander; Assyrian adjective eš‡u, strong; Arabic roughness, injustice); —

Qal Perfect ׳ע Lev 5:21; Ezek 18:18 2 masculine singular suffix עֲשַׁקְתָּ֫נוּ 1Sam 12:4, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַעַשׁקֻנִי Ps 119:122 2 masculine singular תַּעֲשֹׁק Lev 19:13 +, etc.; Infinitive construct עֲשֹׁק Hos 12:8, suffix עָשְׁקָם 1Chr 16:21; Ps 105:14 Participle active עשֵׁק Prov 14:31 +, feminine plural הָעשְׁקוֺת Amos 4:1, etc.; passive עָשׁוּק Deut 28:29 +, etc.; —
1. oppress, wrong (often by extortion, || גָּזַל), with accusative of person 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 12:4; Mic 2:2; Lev 5:21; Lev 19:13 especially the poor and helpless Amos 4:1; Deut 24:14; Jer 7:6; Ezek 22:29; Zech 7:10; Prov 14:31; Prov 22:16; Prov 28:3; Eccl 4:1 also with accusative of congnate meaning with verb עשֶׁק (וְ)גָזַל גָּזֵל ׳ע Ezek 18:18 practise extortion, Ezek 22:29, take by extortion Lev 5:23 and (with accusative of thing) Mal 3:5 absolute Hos 12:8 practise extortion; Job 10:3 deal tyrannically (of God); participle oppressor, extortioner Jer 21:12; Ps 72:4; Eccl 4:1 passive participle as substantive the oppressed Ps 103:6; Ps 146:7.
2. oppress a nation Isa 52:4, compare Ps 105:14 = 1Chr 16:21; Ps 119:122, participle act. oppressor vPs 119:121, passive participle oppressed Jer 50:33, in predict. וְגָזוּל ׳ע Deut 28:29, וְרָצּוּץ ׳ע vDeut 28:23; Hos 5:11.
3. dubious are: יַעְשֹׁק נָהָר Job 40:23 a river oppresses him, i.e. rushes violently upon him (that is, the hippopotamus; Du יָשֹׁק, from שׁוּק; > Gunk Bu יִשְׁקַע falls, sinks); עָשֻׁק בְּדַם נֶפֶשׁ Prov 28:17 oppressed (? burdened) with the blood of a person. Pu`al Participle feminine הַמְּעֻשָּׁקָה Isa 23:12 crushed (of conquered Sidon under figure of woman).

oppressed, oppress, oppresseth, defrauded, oppressor, …
ʿāšaq
to press upon, i.e., oppress, defraud, violate, overflow
  • to press upon, oppress, violate, defraud, do violence, get deceitfully, wrong, extort
    • (Qal)
      • to oppress, wrong, extort
        • "to oppress
      (Pual) to be exploited, be crushed

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.
עָ֭שִׂיתִי Dechi — a lesser break מִשְׁפָּ֣ט וָצֶ֑דֶק Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here בַּל תַּ֝נִּיחֵ֗נִי Revia Mugrash — a lesser break לְעֹֽשְׁקָֽי Silluq — end of the verse

עָשִׂיתִי מִשְׁפָּט וָצֶדֶק בַּל-תַּנִּיחֵנִי לְעֹֽשְׁקָֽי׃
121
I have done judgment and justice: leave me not to mine oppressors.
Cross References

Psalms 18:20

יִגְמְלֵנִי יְהוָה כְּצִדְקִי כְּבֹר יָדַי יָשִׁיב לִֽי׃
20
The LORD rewarded me according to my righteousness; according to the cleanness of my hands hath he recompensed me.

2 Samuel 8:15

וַיִּמְלֹךְ דָּוִד עַל-כָּל-יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיְהִי דָוִד עֹשֶׂה מִשְׁפָּט וּצְדָקָה לְכָל-עַמּֽוֹ׃
15
And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.

2 Corinthians 1:12

Ἡ γὰρ καύχησις ἡμῶν αὕτη ἐστίν τὸ μαρτύριον τῆς συνειδήσεως ἡμῶν ὅτι ἐν ἁπλότητι καὶ εἰλικρινείᾳ θεοῦ οὐκ ἐν σοφίᾳ σαρκικῇ ἀλλ' ἐν χάριτι θεοῦ ἀνεστράφημεν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ περισσοτέρως δὲ πρὸς ὑμᾶς
12
For our rejoicing is this, the testimony of our conscience, that in simplicity and godly sincerity, not with fleshly wisdom, but by the grace of God, we have had our conversation in the world, and more abundantly to you-ward.

Psalms 37:33

יְהוָה לֹא-יַעַזְבֶנּוּ בְיָדוֹ וְלֹא יַרְשִׁיעֶנּוּ בְּהִשָּׁפְטֽוֹ׃
33
The LORD will not leave him in his hand, nor condemn him when he is judged.

1 Samuel 25:28

שָׂא נָא לְפֶשַׁע אֲמָתֶךָ כִּי עָשֹֽׂה-יַעֲשֶׂה יְהוָה לַֽאדֹנִי בַּיִת נֶֽאֱמָן כִּֽי-מִלְחֲמוֹת יְהוָה אֲדֹנִי נִלְחָם וְרָעָה לֹֽא-תִמָּצֵא בְךָ מִיָּמֶֽיךָ׃
28
I pray thee, forgive the trespass of thine handmaid: for the LORD will certainly make my lord a sure house; because my lord fighteth the battles of the LORD, and evil hath not been found in thee all thy days.

Acts 25:10

εἶπεν δὲ ὁ Παῦλος Ἐπὶ τοῦ βήματος Καίσαρος ἑστώς εἰμι οὗ με δεῖ κρίνεσθαι Ἰουδαίους οὐδὲν ἠδίκησα ὡς καὶ σὺ κάλλιον ἐπιγινώσκεις
10
Then said Paul, I stand at Caesar's judgment seat, where I ought to be judged: to the Jews have I done no wrong, as thou very well knowest.

Acts 21:16

συνῆλθον δὲ καὶ τῶν μαθητῶν ἀπὸ Καισαρείας σὺν ἡμῖν ἄγοντες παρ' ᾧ ξενισθῶμεν Μνάσωνί τινι Κυπρίῳ ἀρχαίῳ μαθητῇ
16
There went with us also certain of the disciples of Caesarea, and brought with them one Mnason of Cyprus, an old disciple, with whom we should lodge.

2 Peter 2:9

οἶδεν κύριος εὐσεβεῖς ἐκ πειρασμοῦ ῥύεσθαι ἀδίκους δὲ εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως κολαζομένους τηρεῖν
9
The Lord knoweth how to deliver the godly out of temptations, and to reserve to be the unjust unto the day of judgment punished:

Psalms 7:3

יְהוָה אֱלֹהַי אִם-עָשִׂיתִי זֹאת אִֽם-יֶשׁ-עָוֶל בְּכַפָּֽי׃
3
O LORD my God, if I have done this; if there be iniquity in my hands;

1 Samuel 24:11

וְאָבִי רְאֵה גַּם רְאֵה אֶת-כְּנַף מְעִֽילְךָ בְּיָדִי כִּי בְּכָרְתִי אֶת-כְּנַף מְעִֽילְךָ וְלֹא הֲרַגְתִּיךָ דַּע וּרְאֵה כִּי אֵין בְּיָדִי רָעָה וָפֶשַׁע וְלֹֽא-חָטָאתִי לָךְ וְאַתָּה צֹדֶה אֶת-נַפְשִׁי לְקַחְתָּֽהּ׃
11
Moreover, my father, see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in my hand: for in that I cut off the skirt of thy robe, and killed thee not, know thou and see that there is neither evil nor transgression in mine hand, and I have not sinned against thee; yet thou huntest my soul to take it.

Psalms 75:2

כִּי אֶקַּח מוֹעֵד אֲנִי מֵישָׁרִים אֶשְׁפֹּֽט׃
2
When I shall receive the congregation I will judge uprightly.

Psalms 57:3

יִשְׁלַח מִשָּׁמַיִם׀ וְֽיוֹשִׁיעֵנִי חֵרֵף שֹׁאֲפִי סֶלָה יִשְׁלַח אֱלֹהִים חַסְדּוֹ וַאֲמִתּֽוֹ׃
3
He shall send from heaven, and save me from the reproach of him that would swallow me up. Selah. God shall send forth his mercy and his truth.
Psalms 119:120
Read Psalms 119
Psalms 119:122