Daniel 4:5

חֵ֥לֶם חֲזֵ֖ית וִֽידַחֲלִנַּ֑נִי וְהַרְהֹרִין֙ עַֽל מִשְׁכְּבִ֔י וְחֶזְוֵ֥י רֵאשִׁ֖י יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽנִי
I saw a dream which made me afraid, and the thoughts upon my bed and the visions of my head troubled me.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

חֵ֥לֶם
חֵ֥לֶם
Root word dream, dreams
Dictionary form: חֵלֶם · hay-LEM

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: a dream
the dream ×8 unto me the dream ×3 a dream ×2 me the dream ×2 and the dream ×1 dream ×1 is the dream ×1 of dreams ×1
More options
dream — Standard, universally understood rendering for any context.
vision — Prefer when the dream carries prophetic or divine revelation.
night vision — Emphasizes the nocturnal, visionary quality of the experience.
dreamlike revelation — Highlights the interpretive, God-given message within the dream.
omen — Use when the dream functions as a portent or sign.

BDB9527 H2493 H2472

BDB9526 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9528

חֵלֶם22 noun masculineDan 4:2 dream (ᵑ7 Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew חֲלוֺם, √ II. חלם); — absolute ׳ח Dan 4:2; Dan 7:1 emphatic חֶלְמָא Dan 2:4 +; suffix חֶלְמִי Dan 4:6, מָךְ- Dan 2:28 plural חֶלְמִין Dan 5:12 — dream, as vehicle of revelation Dan 2:4 + 10 t., Dan 4:3 + 6 t., Dan 5:12 to prophet Dan 7:1.

dream, dreams
ḥēlem
a dream
  • dream

חֲזֵ֖ית
חֲזֵ֖ית
Root word sawest, saw, see, seen, wont, …
Dictionary form: חֲזָא · huh-DZAW

Verb — Peal, Perfect (Qatal), first person singular simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "I"

In the KJV here: i saw
thou sawest ×6 saw ×3 i have seen ×2 i saw ×2 see ×2 for us to see ×1 had ×1 have seen ×1
More options
see — Most versatile; fits most narrative and discourse contexts.
observe — Emphasizes deliberate, attentive looking.
behold — Conveys wonder or solemnity; use for visionary contexts.
perceive — Highlights mental or spiritual comprehension, not just sight.
witness — Stresses being present as an eyewitness to an event.
gaze upon — Implies sustained, contemplative looking.

BDB9516 H2370 H2372

BDB9515 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9517

חֲזָה verb see, behold (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ח Dan 4:20; Dan 5:1 2 masculine singular תֲוַיְתָ Dan 2:43 +, תָה- Dan 2:41.2: 41; 1 singular חֲזֵית vDan 2:46 +; 2 masculine plural תֲוֵיתוּן Dan 2:8 Pe`al Infinitive מְֶָחֱזֵז֑א Ezra 4:14 Participle active חָוֵה Dan 2:31 + 14 t.; plural חָוַיִן Dan 3:27; Dan 5:23 passive חֲוֵה Dan 3:19 —
1. see, have sense: of sight Dan 5:23.
2. see, behold:
  a. accusative of person Dan 3:25, with ל vDan 3:27, accusative of thing Dan 5:5.
  b. see, witness dishonour of king (accusative) Ezra 4:14.
3. usually behold in dream or vision (often participle in periphrastic conjugation), accusative of person, Ezra 4:20, accusative of thing Ezra 2:41. Ezra 2:41. Ezra 2:43; Ezra 4:17, absolute Ezra 2:34; Ezra 7:4. Ezra 7:7. Ezra 7:9. Ezra 7:11. Ezra 7:11. Ezra 7:21, + אֲלוּ Ezra 2:31; Ezra 4:7. Ezra 4:10, אֲרוּ Ezra 7:2. Ezra 7:6. Ezra 7:13 with object clause Ezra 2:8. Ezra 2:45 behold a dream, accusative חֵלֶם, Ezra 2:26; Ezra 4:2; Ezra 6:15; Ezra 7:1.
4. passive = customary (seemly) Dan 3:19 (so ᵑ7 Lev 5:10 and elsewhere, see Dr).

sawest, saw, see, seen, wont, …
ḥăzāʾ
to gaze upon; mentally to dream, be usual (i.e., seem)
  • to see, behold
    • (P'al)
      • to see
        • "to see, behold, witness"to behold (in a dream or vision)"customary, seemly (passive)

וִֽ ידַחֲלִנַּ ֑נִי
וִֽ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
ידַחֲלִנַּ
Root word dreadful, fear, feared, terrible, afraid
֑נִי
Suffix — pronoun my / me
Dictionary form: דְּחַל · deh-HAHL

Verb — Pael, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular intensive (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Piel not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: which made me afraid
dreadful ×2 and fear ×1 and feared ×1 thereof was terrible ×1 which made me afraid ×1
More options
fear — Broad, natural default for the verb/noun sense.
dread — Stronger than fear; suits overwhelming or divine terror.
be afraid — Idiomatic verbal phrase; clear in narrative contexts.
terrifying — Adjectival use; describes something that inspires dread.
awe — Reverential nuance; fits contexts of holy or royal majesty.
alarming — Milder register; useful when full terror would overstate.

BDB9439 H1763 H2119

BDB9438 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9440

[דְּחַל] verb fear (so ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew II. זָחַל]; —

Pe`al Participle active plural דָּֽחְלִין Dan 5:19, with מִןקֳֿדָם of king, Dan 6:27, id. of God; passive דְּחִיל terrible Dan 2:31, feminine דְּחִילָה Dan 7:7; Dan 7:19. Pa`el Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix וִידֵחֲלִנַּנִי Dan 4:2 the dream made me afraid.

dreadful, fear, feared, terrible, afraid
dĕḥal
to slink, i.e., (by implication) to fear, or (causatively) be formidable
  • to fear
    • (P'al)
      • to fear
        • "terrible (pass participle)
      (Pael) to cause to be afraid, make afraid

וְ הַרְהֹרִין֙
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
הַרְהֹרִין֙
Root word thoughts
Dictionary form: הַרְהֹר · hahr-HORE

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: and the thoughts
and the thoughts ×1
More options
thought — Most natural, broadly applicable rendering for inner mental content.
imagination — Emphasizes the mind's creative or speculative activity.
mental image — Highlights vivid, picture-like quality of the thought.
fancy — Slightly literary; suits fleeting or whimsical mental impressions.
notion — Informal; good for casual or passing mental impressions.

BDB9479 H2031

BDB9478 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9480

[הַרְהֹר] noun [masculine] fancy, imagining; — plural absolute הַרְהֹרִין Dan 4:2 fancies (in dream).

thoughts
harhōr
a mental conception
  • mental conception, fantasy, image, mental picture, fancy, imagining

עַֽל
עַֽל
Preposition upon, unto, over, in, against, …
Dictionary form: עַל · al

Preposition

In the KJV here: upon
upon ×16 over ×9 unto ×8 against ×7 concerning ×5 in ×5 for ×4 to ×4
More options
on — Most versatile default; covers surface and figurative senses.
over — Use for authority, coverage, or position above.
about — Best for topics or subjects of speech or thought.
against — Use for opposition, complaint, or hostile action.
concerning — Formal; suits legal or prophetic discourse on a subject.
regarding — Neutral modern alternative to 'concerning'.

BDB9768 H5922 H5921

BDB9767 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9769

עַל preposition upon, over, on account of, above, to, against (Biblical Hebrew and general Aramaic id.); — suffix 1 singular עֲלַי; 2 masculine singular עליך Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, CookeNo. 77, A 5, 6, B 8, S-CPap. A 3, B 5 +), עֲלָךְ, Qr (ᵑ7 עֲלַךְ, Dalm§ 47, 2) Dan 3:12 + 6 t. Daniel; Ezra 7:18 3 masculine singular עֲלוֺהִי (so Nabataean, Palmyrene; Egyptian Aramaic עלוי S-CA 6 +) Dan 3:28 +, עֲלֹהִי Ezra 6:11 3 feminine singular עליה Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, S-CD 24), עֲלַהּ Qr (so ᵑ7) Dan 4:14; Dan 5:21 1 plural עֲלֵינָא Ezra 4:12, עֲלֵ֑ינָא Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:17 Baer (Gi עֲלֶ֑ינָא); 3 masculine plural עֲלֵיהֹם (so Nabataean, CISii. 226; Egyptian Aramaic, S-CPap. F 5, 8+) Ezra 7:24, עֲלֵיהוֺן Ezra 5:1; Ezra 5:3 —

1. a. upon, Dan 2:10; Dan 2:28; Dan 2:46; Dan 5:5; Dan 5:7; Dan 6:11 + often, Dan 4:26 עַלהֵֿיכַל מַלְכוּתָא (2Sam 11:2); to be established עַל מַלְכוּתִי 2Sam 4:33 (compare 2Chr 1:1 Biblical Hebrew II. 1) to lay an impost upon, Ezra 7:24 to trust on, Dan 3:28 after a verb of motion, מְטָא עַל to come upon, Dan 4:21; Dan 4:25 of times, to pass over, Dan 4:13; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Ezra 5:1 בְּשֻׁם אֱלָהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלֵיהוֺן i.e. (named) over them.
  b. idiomatic (as in Biblical Hebrew; see II. 1 d) of the person who is the subject of an emotion or experience, Dan 5:9 וְזִיוֺתִי שָׁנַיִן עֲלוֺהִי were changed upon him, Dan 7:28; Dan 6:19 וְשִׁנְּתֵהּ נַדַּת עֲלוֺהִי (compare Dan 2:1).
  c. on accusative of (Biblical Hebrew 1 f b), Dan 3:16 פִּתְגָּם עַלדְּֿנָה. So in עַלדְּֿנָה on this accusative Ezra 4:15; Ezra 4:22; Ezra 5:17, עַלמָֿה wherefore ? Dan 2:15 and עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי (see ׳דְּ).
  d. on behalf of (ib. 1 f c), Ezra 6:17.
  e. regarding, concerning (ib. 1 f g), Dan 2:18; Dan 5:14; Dan 5:29; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:13; Ezra 7:14 + often
2. over, with verbs of ruling, appointing, etc., Dan 2:48; Dan 2:49; Dan 3:12; Dan 4:14 +, Ezra 4:20; Ezra 6:18.
3. in a comparative sense, above, beyond, Dan 3:19; Dan 6:4.
4. expressing direction:
  a. to, of a person, after a verb of motion (compare Biblical Hebrew 7 c a a), Dan 2:24; Dan 4:31; Dan 4:33; Dan 6:7; Dan 6:16; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:23 + often; after to send (a letter, etc.) Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:6 +, write Ezra 4:7, prophesy Ezra 5:1 of the direction of the mind (ib. 7c c), Dan 3:12; Dan 6:14 (twice in verse); Dan 6:15 compare Ezra 5:5 הֲוַת עַל ׳וְעֵין אֱל (compare Jer 40:4 and אֶל Ps 34:16).
  b. against, Dan 3:19; Dan 3:29; Dan 5:23; Dan 6:5; Dan 6:6 +; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 7:23.
5. in such phrases as שְׁפַר עַל, טְאֵב (to be) good or acceptable to (as in Syriac and late Hebrew: see Biblical Hebrew 8), Ezra 5:17 אִם עַל מַלְכָּא טָב, Ezra 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 4:24 (יִשְׁפַּר), Dan 6:15 (בְּאֵשׁ), v.Dan 6:24 (טְאֵב). — compare the synopsis of meanings in Lzb340.

upon, unto, over, in, against, …
ʿal
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
  • upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
    • upon, over, on account of, regarding, concerning, on behalf of
      • "over (with verbs of ruling)"above, beyond (in comparison)"to, against (of direction)

מִשְׁכְּבִ ֔י
מִשְׁכְּבִ
Root word bed
֔י
Suffix — pronoun my / me
Dictionary form: מִשְׁכַּב · mish-KAHB

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: my bed
my bed ×3 thy bed ×2 his bed ×1
More options
bed — Most direct, universally understood equivalent.
sleeping place — Useful when emphasizing the act of lying down.
couch — Fits reclining or resting contexts; slightly formal.
resting place — Broader; suits poetic or metaphorical passages.
chamber — Implies privacy or intimacy of the bedroom setting.

BDB9949 H4903

BDB9948 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9950

[מִשְׁכַּב] noun [masculine] couch, bed; — suffix מִשְׁכְּבִי Dan 4:2; Dan 4:7; Dan 4:10 ךְָ֯ Dan 2:28; Dan 2:29 הֵּ֯ Dan 7:1.

bed
miškab
a bed
  • couch, bed

וְ חֶזְוֵ֥י
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
חֶזְוֵ֥י
Root word visions, vision, look
Dictionary form: חֵזֵו · hay-DZAY

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and the visions
and the visions ×3 visions ×2 and visions ×1 in my vision ×1 in the visions ×1 me the visions ×1 thus were the visions ×1 vision ×1
More options
vision — Broadest fit; works in most narrative and prophetic contexts.
dream-vision — Highlights the nocturnal, revelatory character common in Daniel.
apparition — Emphasizes a striking, mysterious visual appearance.
sight — More neutral; suits descriptive or observational passages.
revelation — Foregrounds divine communication over the visual image itself.

BDB9517 H2376

BDB9516 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9518

[חְֶזוּ] noun masculine vision, appearance; — emphatic חֶוְוָא (K§ 55,6 b)) Dan 2:19 suffix וִי- Dan 7:2, וִהּ- vDan 7:20 plural construct חֶזְוֵי Dan 2:28 +; —

1. vision (as mode of revelation) Dan 2:19 (יְ לֵילְיָא ׳ח), Dan 7:2, so Dan 7:7. Dan 7:13, רֵישָׁא ׳ח Dan 2:28; Dan 4:2; Dan 7:10; Dan 7:1; Dan 10:15, חֶלְמָא ׳ח Dan 4:6 (GieGGA, 1895, 598 reads אֲחַוֵּא I will relate).
2. appearance Dan 7:20.

visions, vision, look
ḥēzēw
a sight
  • vision, appearance
    • vision
      • "appearance

רֵאשִׁ ֖י
רֵאשִׁ
Root word head, heads, sum, chief
֖י
Suffix — pronoun my / me
Dictionary form: רֵאשׁ · raysh

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of my head
of my head ×3 head ×2 of his head ×2 heads ×1 of mine head ×1 of their head ×1 of thy head ×1 the sum ×1
More options
head — Most direct rendering; use for physical or figurative head.
top — Prefer for apex or uppermost part of an object.
chief — Use when denoting a leader or most prominent person.
total — Best for census or numerical summation contexts.
principal — Formal register; suits leading officials or key items.
crown — Evokes the very top of the head poetically.

BDB9878 H7217 H7218

BDB9877 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9879

רֵאשׁ noun masculineDan 7:6 head (Egyptian Aramaic, S-CPap.; Palmyrene רש; ᵑ7 רֵישׁ, Syriac ; Biblical Hebrew ראֹשׁ); — construct ׳ר Dan 7:1 emphatic הָ֯ Dan 2:38 suffix רֵאשׁי Dan 4:2 +, חָ֯ Dan 2:28, הֵּ֯ vDan 2:32 +, הַּ֯ Dan 7:20, הֵ֯וֺן Dan 3:27 plural absolute רֵאשִׁין Dan 7:6, suffix רָאשֵׁיהֹם (K§§ 53, Anm. b); 63 GuHpt on the passage) Ezra 5:10 —

1. head of man Dan 3:27, compare Dan 7:9 in vision: of image Dan 2:32; Dan 2:38, beast Dan 7:6; Dan 7:20.
2. head as seat of visions, הֶזְוֵי רֵאשָׁךְ, etc., Dan 2:28; Dan 4:2; Dan 4:7; Dan 4:10; Dan 7:1; Dan 7:15.
3. = chief, ׳בְּר Ezra 5:10 in the capacity of their chiefs.
4. sum, essential content, of matters Dan 7:1 (NesMM 40 beginning).

head, heads, sum, chief
rēš
the head; figuratively, the sum
  • chief, head
    • head (of man)
      • "head (as seat of visions)"chief"sum (essential content)

יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽ נִי
יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽ
Root word troubled, haste, trouble
נִי
Suffix — pronoun my / me
Dictionary form: בְּהַל · beh-HAHL

Verb — Pael, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural intensive (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Piel not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: troubled me
troubled ×4 in haste ×3 troubled me ×2 thereof trouble ×1 trouble ×1
More options
terrify — Strong fear-inducing sense; best for vivid, intense contexts.
dismay — Emotional shock plus loss of composure; broadly applicable.
alarm — Sudden disturbance of calm; good for urgent or warning contexts.
agitate — Inner turmoil without full terror; suits milder distress.
rush — Captures the 'haste' nuance when speed, not fear, is primary.
unsettle — Softer register; fits psychological disturbance in prose narrative.

BDB9364 H927 H926

BDB9363 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9365

[בְּהַל] verb Pa`el alarm, dismay (so usually ᵑ7 (not Syriac); Biblical Hebrew [בָּהַל]); — Imperfect . 3 masculine singular suffix יְבַהֲלָךְ Dan 4:16 and 3 masculine plural suffix לֻגַּנִי- Dan 4:2; Dan 7:15; Dan 7:28 (both jussive Str§ 18 c M§ 52 a); לוּךְ- Dan 5:10, לֻנֵּ֑ךְ- Dan 4:16, לוּנֵהּ- Dan 5:6. Hithpe`el hasten (so Pi`el in late Biblical Hebrew; ᵑ7 Ithpe`el (rare)); Infinitive בְּהִתְבְּהָלָה = in haste (originally 'in alarm') Dan 2:25; Dan 3:24; Dan 6:20. Hithpa. Passive participle מִתְבָּהַל Dan 5:9 was greatly alarmed.

troubled, haste, trouble
bĕhal
to terrify, hasten
  • (Pual) to frighten, alarm, dismay
    • "(Ithpa'al) to hurry, hasten"(Ithpa'al) alarmed (part.)

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
חֵ֥לֶם חֲזֵ֖ית Tipeha — a lesser break וִֽידַחֲלִנַּ֑נִי Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וְהַרְהֹרִין֙ Pashta — a lesser break עַֽל מִשְׁכְּבִ֔י Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וְחֶזְוֵ֥י רֵאשִׁ֖י Tipeha — a lesser break יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽנִי Silluq — end of the verse

חֵלֶם חֲזֵית וִֽידַחֲלִנַּנִי וְהַרְהֹרִין עַֽל-מִשְׁכְּבִי וְחֶזְוֵי רֵאשִׁי יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽנִי׃
5
I saw a dream which made me afraid, and the thoughts upon my bed and the visions of my head troubled me.
Cross References

Daniel 2:1

וּבִשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְמַלְכוּת נְבֻֽכַדְנֶצַּר חָלַם נְבֻֽכַדְנֶצַּר חֲלֹמוֹת וַתִּתְפָּעֶם רוּחוֹ וּשְׁנָתוֹ נִהְיְתָה עָלָֽיו׃
1
And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams, wherewith his spirit was troubled, and his sleep brake from him.

Daniel 7:28

עַד-כָּה סוֹפָא דִֽי-מִלְּתָא אֲנָה דָֽנִיֵּאל שַׂגִּיא׀ רַעְיוֹנַי יְבַהֲלֻנַּנִי וְזִיוַי יִשְׁתַּנּוֹן עֲלַי וּמִלְּתָא בְּלִבִּי נִטְרֵֽת׃
28
Hitherto is the end of the matter. As for me Daniel, my cogitations much troubled me, and my countenance changed in me: but I kept the matter in my heart.

Daniel 5:10

מַלְכְּתָא לָקֳבֵל מִלֵּי מַלְכָּא וְרַבְרְבָנוֹהִי לְבֵית מִשְׁתְּיָא עַלַּלת עֲנָת מַלְכְּתָא וַאֲמֶרֶת מַלְכָּא לְעָלְמִין חֱיִי אַֽל-יְבַהֲלוּךְ רַעְיוֹנָךְ וְזִיוָיךְ אַל-יִשְׁתַּנּֽוֹ׃
10
Now the queen, by reason of the words of the king and his lords, came into the banquet house: and the queen spake and said, O king, live for ever: let not thy thoughts trouble thee, nor let thy countenance be changed:

Daniel 5:5

בַּהּ-שַׁעֲתָה נְפַקָו אֶצְבְּעָן דִּי יַד-אֱנָשׁ וְכָֽתְבָן לָקֳבֵל נֶבְרַשְׁתָּא עַל-גִּירָא דִּֽי-כְתַל הֵיכְלָא דִּי מַלְכָּא וּמַלְכָּא חָזֵה פַּס יְדָא דִּי כָתְבָֽה׃
5
In the same hour came forth fingers of a man's hand, and wrote over against the candlestick upon the plaister of the wall of the king's palace: and the king saw the part of the hand that wrote.

Genesis 41:1

וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ שְׁנָתַיִם יָמִים וּפַרְעֹה חֹלֵם וְהִנֵּה עֹמֵד עַל-הַיְאֹֽר׃
1
And it came to pass at the end of two full years, that Pharaoh dreamed: and, behold, he stood by the river.

Daniel 2:28

בְּרַם אִיתַי אֱלָהּ בִּשְׁמַיָּא גָּלֵא רָזִין וְהוֹדַע לְמַלְכָּא נְבֽוּכַדְנֶצַּר מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא בְּאַחֲרִית יוֹמַיָּא חֶלְמָךְ וְחֶזְוֵי רֵאשָׁךְ עַֽל-מִשְׁכְּבָךְ דְּנָה הֽוּא׃
28
But there is a God in heaven that revealeth secrets, and maketh known to the king Nebuchadnezzar what shall be in the latter days. Thy dream, and the visions of thy head upon thy bed, are these;

Job 7:13

כִּֽי-אָמַרְתִּי תְּנַחֲמֵנִי עַרְשִׂי יִשָּׂא בְשִׂיחִי מִשְׁכָּבִֽי׃
13
When I say, My bed shall comfort me, my couch shall ease my complaint;
Daniel 4:4
Read Daniel 4
Daniel 4:6