Ezekiel 33:31

וְ יָב֣וֹאוּ

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יָב֣וֹאוּ

Root word come, came, brought, bring, in, …

Dictionary form: בּוֹא · boh

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: and they come

came ×247 come ×144 and came ×99 shall come ×65 and brought ×55 cometh ×44 and they came ×38 brought ×37

More options

come — Most neutral, widely applicable rendering for this lemma.

go — Use when motion is away from the speaker's reference point.

enter — Prefer when crossing a threshold or boundary is in view.

bring — Use for causative or hiphil stems involving conveying something.

arrive — Emphasizes reaching a destination; good for narrative climax.

approach — Highlights drawing near; suitable for formal or ceremonial contexts.

BDB946 H935

בּוֺא₂₅₆₉ verb come in, come, go in, go (Assyrian bâ'u Hpt^{KAT 499, Ethiopic} Arabic return) —

Qal Perfect בָּא Gen 6:13 +; 3 feminine singular בָּ֫אָה Gen 15:17 +; suffix בָּאַתְנוּ Ps 44:18 2 masculine singular בָּ֫אתָ Josh 13:1 +, בָּ֫אתָה 2Sam 3:7 2 feminine singular בָּאתְ Gen 16:8; Ruth 2:12, וּבָאתְ consecutive Ruth 3:4; 2Sam 14:3; Mic 4:10 3 plural בָּאוּ Gen 7:9 +; 1 plural בָּאנוּ Gen 32:7 + (בָּנוּ 1Sam 25:8), etc.; Imperfect יָבוֺא Gen 32:9 +, יָבאֹ Gen 49:10 +; 3 feminine singular תָּבוֺא Gen 41:50 +; suffix תְּבוֺאָֽתְךָ Job 22:21 (but text dubious see Kö^{i. 644}); 2 masculine singular תָּבוֺא Gen 15:15 +; 2 feminine singular תָּבוֺאִי Ruth 3:17 +; 1 singular אָבוֺא Gen 33:14 +; cohortative אָבֹ֫אָה Judg 15:1, אָב֫וֺאָה Gen 29:21 +, וַתָּבאֹתִי 1Sam 25:34 (Qr וַתָּבאֹת, but text probably wrong, see Kö^{i. 647} Dr, read וַתָּבֹאִי); 3 plural masculine יָבוֺאוּ Gen 6:20 +, also (by text error) בּאֹוּ Jer 27:18 compare Kö^{i. 645}, יְבאֹ֑וּן Ps 95:11 suffix יְבאֹוּנִי Ps 119:77, וִיבֹאֻנִי vPs 119:41 3 feminine plural תָּבאֹןָ Gen 30:38, תָּבוֺאנָה 1Sam 10:7 +; תְּבֹאֶינָה 1Sam 10:7; Ps 45:16, etc.; Imperative בּוֺא, בּאֹ Gen 7:1 +, בֹּ֫אָה 1Sam 20:21; 1Kgs 13:7, בּ֫וֺאִי, בֹּ֫אִי 2Sam 13:11 +; masculine plural בּ֫אֹוּ Gen 45:17 +; Infinitive בּוֺא, בּאֹ Gen 39:16 +; suffix בֹּאִי, בּוֺאִי Gen 48:5 +, בּוֺאֲךָ 1Sam 29:6 +, בֹּאֲכָה Gen 10:19 +, etc., בֹּאָם Gen 34:5 +, בֹּאָן Gen 30:88 compare Ezek 42:12 (where Co for בְּבוֺאָן reads לבוא להנה); Participle בָּא Gen 33:1 +; feminine בָּאָ֫ה Gen 29:6 +, הַבָּ֫אָה Gen 18:21 + (accent wrong Ew^{§ 331 b N}.); plural בָּאִים Gen 18:11 +; construct בָּאֵי Gen 23:10 feminine absolute בָּאוֺת Gen 41:29 (see further on forms Kö^{i. 643 f.}); —

1. come in, followed by אֶל Gen 6:18; Gen 7:9; Gen 7:13, followed by בְּ Gen 19:8 & so (subject רוּחַ) Ezek 2:2; Ezek 37:10, followed by לְ Esth 6:4, followed by ָ ה locative Gen 12:11; Gen 41:57; Num 14:24, followed by accusative (בוֺת) Judg 18:18; 2Kgs 11:19 compare Ps 100:4 (שַׁעֲרָיו), & בָּאֵי שַׁעַר עִירוֺ Gen 23:10; Gen 23:18 even of life-less things 2Kgs 18:21, וּבָא בְכַפּוֺ (of broken reed) = pierce; of food and drink (followed by אֶלֿ) Dan 10:3 compare Gen 41:21 (fat kine when eaten by lean kine); see also (followed by בְּ) Num 5:22; Num 5:24; Num 5:27 absolute Gen 7:16; Gen 24:31; 1Kgs 1:42; 1Kgs 14:6 compare 2Kgs 11:5; 2Kgs 11:9 = 2Chr 23:4; 2Chr 23:8 +; more particular
a. opposed to יָצָא, go out and come in (Sabean וצֿאם או בהאם Hal¹⁵²) Josh 6:1; 2Kgs 11:8 = 2Chr 23:7 especially in sense of going about one's affairs (including all one's undertakings) Deut 28:6; Deut 28:19; Zech 8:10; Ps 121:8 id. + ישׁב 2Kgs 19:27 also followed by לִפְנֵי הָעָם etc. = act as ruler (judge) of, Num 27:17; 2Chr 1:10 compare 1Kgs 3:7 of leading an army 1Sam 18:13; 1Sam 18:16 compare also Josh 14:11 see further Deut 31:2; 1Sam 29:6 & below
c. below
b. of taking part in worship of congregation Deut 23:2; Deut 23:3 (twice in verse); Deut 23:4 (twice in verse) + (followed by בְּ); or entering into tabernacle for priestly service Exod 28:29; Exod 28:35; Lev 16:23 (all followed by אֶלֿ), Exod 28:30 (followed by לִפְנֵי יהוה), Lev 16:17 (followed by infinitive) +. with of entering on official duty 2Kgs 11:9 = 2Chr 23:8; 1Chr 27:1 (all opposed to יצא). d. of bride coming into her husband's house Josh 15:18 = Judg 1:14. e. of entering a woman's tent or apartment (with implication coire cum femina, compare Late Hebrew בִּיאָה coitio; on origin of this use of word compare RS^{K 90, 167, 291}) Judg 15:1 אֶלאִֿשְׁתִּי הֶחָ֑דְרָה, Judg 16:1; Gen 6:4; Gen 16:2; Gen 30:3; Gen 38:8: Gen 38:9; Gen 39:14; Deut 22:13; 2Sam 12:24; 2Sam 16:21; 2Sam 20:3; Ezek 23:44 (3 t. in verse); Prov 6:29 (all followed by אֶלֿ); followed by עַלֿ Gen 19:31; Deut 25:5 יָבאֹ עָלָיהָ וּלְקָחָהּ לוֺ לְאִשָּׁה compare בָּאֶיהָ Prov 2:19 — subject rarely woman Gen 19:34; 2Sam 11:4. feminine of associating with (followed by בְּ) Josh 23:7; Josh 23:12 compare Gen 49:6 בְּסֹדָם אַל תָּבאֹ נַפְשִׁי (אַלתֵּֿחַד || בִּקְהָלָם).
g. of entering into specific relations, בְאָלָה ׳בּ, בִבְרִית ׳בּ (see אלה, ברית); בּוֺא בְדָמִים come into blood-guiltiness, became guilty of murder 1Sam 25:26.
h. of burial, אֶלקֶֿבֶר ׳בּ 1Kgs 13:22; 1Kgs 14:13 compare תָּבוֺא אֶלאֲֿבוֺתֶיךָ Gen 15:15 (|| תִּקָּבֵר).
i. of sun, set (go in, enter, compare As êrib šanši COT Gen 19:23 opposed to יצא go forth, rise) Gen 15:12; Gen 15:17; Gen 28:11; Exod 17:12; Exod 22:25; Lev 22:7; Deut 16:6; Deut 23:12; Deut 24:13; Deut 24:15; Deut 10:13; Deut 10:27; Deut 2:24; Deut 3:35; Deut 1:36; Deut 18:34 so also figurative Jer 15:9 of calamity בּאה שִׁמְשָׁהּ בְּעוֺד יוֺמָם (|| אֻמְלְלָה יֹלֶדֶת הַשִּׁבְעָה etc.), compare Isa 60:20; Mic 3:6 הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ עַלהַֿנְּבִיאִים ׳וּב of ignorance and confusion. j. of harvest, come in = be gathered Lev 25:22 (compare תְּבוּאָה); so of revenue (income) 1Kgs 10:14 = 2Chr 9:13 (followed by לְ person), — opposed to יצא be expended.
k. in other phrases: וַתָּבאֹ הָעִיר בַּמָּצוֺר 2Kgs 24:10 + and the city came into siege; compare Ps 105:18 בַּרְזֶל בָּאָה נַפְשׁוֺ his soul came into iron (see AV RVm; Che felt iron chains, compare Ew Ol Hup Pe; ᵑ7 Hi De and others iron came upon his soul); בָּא בַּיָּמִים come into (the) days, = advanced in age Gen 24:1; Josh 13:1; Josh 23:1 (all || זָקֵן); on 1Sam 17:12 see Dr.

2. come (approach, arrive) opposed to הָלַךְ Gen 16:8; 1Sam 20:21 (compare v1Sam 20:22) Neh 6:17; Eccl 5:14; Eccl 5:15 (of birth opposed to death); followed by אֶלֿ person or of thing Gen 14:7; Gen 37:23 followed by עַלֿ Exod 18:23; 2Chr 20:24 (come up upon, almost = ascend); compare also Lev 21:11; Num 6:6 followed by לְ 1Sam 9:12; 2Chr 29:17 followed by עַד Num 13:22; Judg 15:14; 2Sam 16:5 compare בָּאוּ בָנִים עַדמַֿשְׁבֵּר 2Kgs 19:3 = Isa 37:3 children have come to the birth; followed by עַד + אֶל 2Kgs 9:20 בָּא עַד אֲלֵיהֶם; followed by ָ ה locative Judg 11:16; 2Kgs 6:4 followed by accusative 1Sam 4:12; 2Kgs 8:7; Jer 32:24 compare also Lam 1:4 בָּאֵי מוֺעֵד those coming to an appointed feast; absolute Gen 45:16 Joseph's brethren are come, & often; also of lifeless things, ark of ׳י 1Sam 4:6 wind Job 1:19 so כַּסְפְּכֶם בָּא אֵלָ֑י Gen 43:23 your money came unto me = I received your money; our inheritance has fallen to us Num 32:19 (with אֶלֿ); so 1Sam 9:16 its cry is come unto me, compare Gen 18:21; Exod 3:9; Lam 1:22 of time, often of imminent future, esp in phrase הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים Isa 39:6 = 2Kgs 20:17; Jer 7:32; Jer 9:24; Jer 16:14; Jer 19:6 compare also 1Sam 26:10; Ezek 7:7 +; of day of ׳י Joel 2:1; Joel 3:4; Zech 14:1; Mal 3:2; Mal 3:19; Mal 3:23 also participle as adjective הַיָּמִים הַבָּאִים Eccl 2:16 compare Jer 47:4 as substantive הַבָּאוֺת Isa 41:22 things to come, future things; & הַבָּאִים alone = adverb in (days) to come Isa 27:6 particular
a. come with, i.e. come, bringing, followed by אָבוֺא בֵיתְךָ בְעוֺלוֺת ׃בְּ Ps 66:13 ׳אָבוֺא בִּגְבֻרוֺת אדני י Ps 71:16 (|| אַזְכִּיר צִדְקָֽתְךָ) so Lev 16:3 & perhaps Prov 18:6 — compare בְּ III. 1. b. b. come upon, fall or light upon, of enemy, attack, followed by עַלֿ Gen 34:27; 1Sam 11:12 compare Gen 32:9 (followed by אֶלֿ); followed by suffix Job 15:21, so also Job 20:22; Ezek 32:11 of calamity, etc. Prov 10:24; Prov 28:22; Ps 44:18 (all with suffix); followed by לְ Job 3:25 (|| אתה with suffix) Isa 47:9 (|| בוא על); of blessing, followed by עַלֿ Josh 23:15 followed by suffix Job 22:21 (compare Di) Ps 119:41; Ps 77.
c. come to pass, of signs, wonders, predictions, etc. Deut 13:3; Josh 23:14; 1Sam 9:6 (בּאֹ יָבאֹ) Isa 42:9; Jer 28:9; Prov 13:12; Job 6:8 +.
d. Gen 6:13 קֵץ כָּלבָּֿשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי perhaps has presented itself before me (see Kn), compare Lam 1:22 above & 2Chr 7:11 (where בוא for usual עלה); but perhaps (compare Di) has come to pass before me, i.e. in my mind it is already a fact.
e. in phrase עַדבּֿוֺאֲךָ עַזָּה Judg 6:4 compare Judg 11:33; 1Sam 17:52; 2Sam 5:25; 1Kgs 18:46 (עַדבֹּֿאֲכָה) until thou comest to = as far as; so also בּוֺאֲךָ (בֹּאֲכָה) alone, = as far as, or in the direction of, Gen 10:19 (twice in verse); Gen 10:30; Gen 13:10; Gen 25:18; 1Sam 27:8 (all followed by ָ ה locative) 1Sam 15:7 so לְבאֹ חֲמָת Num 13:21; Num 34:8; Ezek 48:1, compare Ezek 47:15 (in a different connection לָבוֺא אפרתה Gen 35:16; Gen 48:7); ׳עַד לְבוֺא ח Josh 13:5; Judg 3:3; 1Chr 13:5, compare 1Chr 5:9; 2Chr 26:8; Ezek 47:20 ׳מִלְּבוֺא ח Amos 6:14; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 14:25; 2Chr 7:8 of Isaac בָּא מִבּוֺא בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִיGen 24:62 (but text dubious) feminine attain to וְעַד הַשְּׁלשָׁה לֹא בָא 2Sam 23:19 = 1Chr 11:21.
g. be enumerated הַבָּאִים בְּשֵׁמוֺת, literally those coming with names 1Chr 4:38.

3. go, i.e. walk, associate with (עִם) Ps 26:4, so with אֵת Prov 22:24 (compare הלך את Prov 13:20 & התהלך את Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9).

4. go (compare הלך) from speaker, but with limit of motion given Isa 22:15 לָךְבּֿאֹ אֶלֿ, so Ezek 3:4; Ezek 3:11; Gen 45:17 וּלְכוּבֿאֹוּ אַרְצָה כְּנָ֑עַן; 1Sam 22:5 לֵךְ וּבָאתָלְֿךָ אֶרֶץ יְהוּדָה; Isa 47:5; Jonah 1:3 אֳנִיָּה בָּאָה תַרְשִׁישׁ a ship going to Tarshish; go to war יָבאֹוּ לַמִּלְחָמָה Num 32:6. Hiph`il Perfect הֵבִיא Gen 4:4 +; suffix הֱבִיאַנִי Deut 9:4 +, etc.; 2 masculine singular הֵבֵיאתָ Isa 43:23, הֵבֵאתָ Gen 20:9 +, etc.; suffix הֲבִיאֹתַנִי 2Sam 7:18; 1Chr 17:16, הֲבִיאֹתָנוּ Num 16:14, הֲבֵתָנוּ Ps 66:11 1 singular הֵבֵאתִי Gen 31:39 +, והבאותי Jer 25:13 Kt (Qr וְהֵבֵאתִי); suffix וַהֲבִיאוֺתִיךָ Ezek 38:16 +, הֲבֵאתִיהָ Isa 37:26, etc.; 3 plural הֵבִיאוּ Gen 43:2 +; suffix הֱבִיאוּהוּ 2Chr 28:27 etc.; 2 masculine plural הֲבֵאתֶם Num 20:4 +; וַהֲבִיאֹתֶם 1Sam 16:17 1 plural suffix הֲבִיאֹנֻם Num 32:17 Imperfect (יָבִא) יָבִיא Lev 4:32 +, וַיָּבֵא Gen 2:19 +; suffix וַיְבִיאֵנִי Ezek 40:17, etc.; 2 masculine singular תָּבִיא Job 14:3 suffix תְּבִיאֵהוּ Jer 13:1, וַתְּבִיאֵם Neh 9:23, תְּבִאֵֹמוֺ Exod 15:17, אָבִיא Exod 11:1 + (אָבִי 1Kgs 21:29; Mic 1:15), etc.; Imperative הָבֵא Gen 43:16; Exod 4:6, הָבֵיא 1Sam 20:40, הָבִיאָה Gen 27:7 +; feminine singular הָבִיאִי 2Sam 13:10 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָבֵא Hag 1:6 construct הָבִיא Gen 18:19 +; Participle מֵבִיא Exod 10:14 +, מֵבִי 1Kgs 21:21 + 3 t., מְבִיאֲךָ Deut 8:7 plural מְבִיאִים (מְבִאִים) 1Kgs 10:25 +; construct מְבִאֵי Jer 17:26, מְבִיאֶיהָ Dan 11:6 —

1. cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, object persons and animals), followed by אֶלֿ Gen 6:19; Song 2:4; Song 3:4 followed by בְּ Lev 26:41; Ps 66:11 followed by לְ Judg 19:21; 1Sam 9:22 followed by לִפְנֵי Esth 1:11; Esth 1:17 followed by ָ ה locative Gen 24:67; Gen 46:7 followed by הָ֯ + אֶלֿ Gen 19:10, followed by accusative (חֶדֶר) Song 1:4; 2Kgs 9:2 also bring, carry in (lifeless things), followed by אֶלֿ Num 31:54; Mal 3:10 followed by בְּ Jer 17:21 send, of sending (shooting) arrows (figurative) Lam 3:13 compare Lev 26:36 of sending breath (רוּחַ) into dry bones Ezek 37:5 (Co על); followed by לְ Neh 13:12 followed by ָ ה locative Exod 26:33; 2Kgs 20:20 וַיָּבֵא אֶתהַֿמַּיִם הָעִ֑ירָה; followed by accusative (חֶדֶר) 2Sam 13:10 also 2Chr 15:18 (בֵּית); absolute 2Sam 6:17 particular
a. opposed to הוֺצִיא (bring out) Deut 9:28 (followed by אֶלֿ); especially in combination with הוֺצִיא lead out and in (to and from battle) Num 27:17; 1Chr 11:2.
b. bring in women as wives for sons (followed by מִן הַחוּץ) Judg 12:9 (opposed to שִׁלַּח הַחוּצָה).
c. bring into judgment וְאֹתִי תָבִיא בְּמִשְׁפָּט עִמָּ֑ךְ Job 14:3 compare Eccl 11:9; Eccl 12:4.
d. cause sun to go down Amos 8:9 (symbol of judgment).
e. of harvest, bring in, gather 2Sam 9:10; Hag 1:6 (opposed to זרע) compare Neh 13:15. feminine put staves into (בְּ) rings Exod 25:14; Exod 37:5; Exod 38:7 compare Exod 26:11; Lev 14:42 hand into (בְּ) bosom Exod 4:6 (twice in verse); girdle into (בְּ) water Jer 13:1.
g. other phrases, הֵבִיאוּ צַוָּ֯רָם בַּעֲבֹדַת אֲדֹנֵיהֶם Neh 3:5 put their necks to the work, etc.; figurative הביאו אתצֿואריכם בְּעֹל Jer 27:12 הָבִיאָה לַמּוּסָר לֵבֶּ֑ךָ Prov 23:12 apply to instruction thy heart; וְנָבִא לְבַב חָכְמָה Ps 90:12 that we may gain a heart of wisdom.

2. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate object), followed by אֶלֿ Gen 2:19; Gen 2:22; Gen 43:9; Lev 24:11; Num 5:15 often of bringing Israel to Canaan Exod 6:8; Exod 23:23 +, compare Isa 14:2; Isa 56:7; Neh 1:9 absolute Deut 4:38; Deut 6:23 followed by לְ Gen 39:14; Gen 39:17 followed by ָ ה locative Ezek 12:13 followed by הֲלֹם Judg 18:3, & עַדהֲֿלֹם (figurative of Yahweh's prospering care) 2Sam 7:18 = 1Chr 17:16 absolute Gen 46:32 also with lifeless object, Gen 27:10 (followed by לְ), so 2Chr 36:7; Gen 31:39 (followed by אֶלֿ); followed by accusative 2Kgs 12:5; 2Chr 36:18; Dan 1:2 (twice in verse); followed by ָ ה locative Exod 26:33; Jer 20:5 followed by לִפְנֵי 2Chr 24:14 of ravens bringing food 1Kgs 17:6 (followed by לְ); of bringing presents Gen 43:26; 1Sam 9:7; 1Sam 10:27 (all followed by לְ); compare 1Sam 17:18 especially offerings, followed by לְ Gen 4:3; Num 15:25; Neh 10:35; Neh 10:37 (לְבֵית), etc.; Lev 2:2 followed by אֶלֿ of priest; absolute Gen 4:4; Lev 4:32; Lev 23:14; Lev 23:15; Mal 1:13 (twice in verse); 2Chr 31:5 compare also Exod 35:21; Exod 35:22; Exod 35:23; Exod 35:24 (twice in verse); Exod 35:27; Exod 35:29 (followed by לְ for) so Exod 36:3 +; of time, cause a day to come Lam 1:21 cause cry to come (עַלֿ) Job 34:28 = carry בָּנַיִךְ בְּחֹצֶן ׳והב Isa 49:22 (|| עַלכָּֿתֵף נשׂא); carry God in (בְּ) the hand Job 12:6 (compare אֱלהַּ p. 43); allow to come, almost = invite Esth 5:12 (followed by אֶלֿ) compare vEsth 5:10 particular
a. followed by עַלֿ bring against, or upon, bring enemies against Jer 25:9 compare Ezek 23:22 object sword Lev 26:25; Ezek 5:17; Ezek 11:8; Ezek 14:17; Ezek 33:2 plague Exod 11:1 curse or calamity Gen 27:12; Deut 29:26; 1Kgs 9:9 = 2Chr 7:22; Job 42:11 compare Jer 25:13; Jer 36:31; Jer 44:2; Jer 49:8; Jer 49:37; Ezek 14:22 sin Gen 20:9; Gen 26:10; Exod 32:21 compare also followed by אֶלֿ Jer 32:42; Jer 49:36.
b. bring to pass 2Kgs 19:25 = Isa 37:26 compare 1Chr 4:10; Ps 78:29.
c. bring, bring forward, bring on the scene Mic 1:15; Zech 3:8.
d. bring for a purpose, followed by infinitive Ps 78:71 מֵאַחַר עָלוֺת הֱבִיאוֺ לִרְעוֺת בְּיַעֲקֹב עַמּוֺ.
e. bring, procure בְּנַפְשֵׁנוּ נָבִיא לַחְמֵנוּ Lam 5:9. Hoph`al Perfect הוּבָא Lev 10:18 +; 3 feminine singular הֻבָאת Gen 33:11 (see below); 2 masculine singular הֻבָ֫אתָה Ezek 40:4 3 plural הוּבְאוּ Gen 43:18 Imperfect יוּבָא Lev 6:23 +, יוּבָ֑אוּ Jer 27:22 Participle מוּבָא 2Kgs 12:10 +; plural מוּבָאִים Gen 43:18; Ezek 30:11 + Ezek 23:42 (Co מרבדים), מוּבָאוֺת Ps 45:15 —
a. be brought in (of person and things), absolute Gen 43:18 followed by בית into a house Gen 43:18 temple 2Kgs 12:5; 2Kgs 12:10; 2Kgs 12:14; 2Kgs 12:17; 2Kgs 22:4; 2Kgs 2:9; 2Kgs 2:14.
b. be brought, followed by לְ Gen 33:11 (but ᵐ5 rd Hiph`il I have brought), Ps 45:15 followed by אֶלֿ unto Lev 6:23; Lev 10:18; Lev 13:2; Lev 13:9; Lev 14:2 compare Ezek 23:42 (but see Co VB); followed by הֵ֫נָּה Ezek 40:4 followed by בָּבֶ֫לָה Jer 27:22 followed by infinitive Lev 16:27; Ezek 30:11 followed by מִן Jer 10:9.
c. be introduced, put, followed by בְּ, staves into rings Exod 27:7 vessel into water Lev 11:32.

come, came, brought, bring, in, …

bôʾ

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

to go in, enter, come, go, come in

(Qal)

to enter, come in

to come with

to lead in

to be brought, brought in

אֵ֠לֶי ךָ

אֵ֠לֶי

Preposition unto, to, into, upon, against, …

ךָ

Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)

Dictionary form: אֵל · ale

Preposition

In the KJV here: unto

unto ×2370 to ×907 into ×230 upon ×112 against ×104 and to ×103 in ×63 unto him ×58

More options

to — Default directional/dative preposition; broadest everyday use.

toward — Emphasizes movement or orientation in a direction.

into — Stress entry or transition; spatial or metaphorical penetration.

against — Adversarial or oppositional context; hostility or pressure.

upon — Contact or imposition on a surface or person.

concerning — Topical/referential; use when the sense is 'about' or 'regarding'.

BDB420 H413

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), in poetry אֱלֵי (compare עֲלֵי, עֲדֵי), but only in Job ( 1Sam 3:22; 1Sam 5:26; 1Sam 15:22; 1Sam 29:19), with suffix אֵלַי, אֵלֶיךָ, אֵלַיִךְ, etc. אֵלֵינוּ, אֲלֵיכֶם & (5 t.) אֲלֵכֶם, אֲלֵיהֶם & אֲלֵהֶם (both very often); once אֵלֵימוֺ Ps 2:5, אֲלֵיהֶן, once אֲלֵהֶן Exod 1:19 (Assyrian ilî, Arabic ), preposition denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).

1. of motion to or unto a person or place Gen 2:19; Gen 2:22; Gen 3:19; Gen 8:9; Gen 14:22; Gen 16:9 etc., after every kind of verb expressing motion (בּוֺא, הָלַךְ, יָצָא etc.) So with נָתַן to give (though ל is here more common) Gen 21:14; Gen 35:4; Deut 13:2 +; מָכַר to sell Deut 37:36, etc. Metaph. Jer 2:19 וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ and that my fear (cometh) not unto thee (compare Job 31:23). — Peculiarly Gen 6:16 אֶל אַמָּה unto the length of a cubit, etc. And metaphor in the phrase אֶלֿ(אֱלֵיֿ)גִּיל unto exultation Hos 9:11; Job 3:22. Once, exceptionally (si vera 1.) = even: Job 5:5 וְאֶלמִֿצִּגִּים יִקָּחֵהוּ and even out of thorns he taketh it. Sometimes pregnant, as Isa 66:17; Jer 41:7 זָנָה אֶל commit whoredom (by going) to Num 25:1; Ezek 16:26; Ezek 16:28; Ezek 16:29 דָּרֵשׁ אֶל seek (by resorting) to one (that is, for oracles) Deut 18:11; Isa 8:19; Isa 11:10 +; חָבַר אֶל join together (& come) unto Gen 14:3 הִשְׁכִּים אֶל rise early (and go) to Gen 19:27; Gen 24:11 הִבְרִיח אֶל made to kneel down at; Gen 47:18 תַּם אֶל i.e. has been made over to; פָּחַד אֶל to come in fear to Hos 3:5; Mic 7:17. Opposite is מִן, as מִןהַֿקָּצֶה אֶלהַֿקָּצֶה from end to end Exod 26:28 מִפֶּה אֶלפֶּֿה Ezra 9:11 (synonym 2Kgs 21:16 פֶּה לָפֶה). And of time (rare) מֵעֵת אֶלעֵֿת 1Chr 9:25 מִיּוֺם אֶליֿוֺם Num 30:15 (P) 1Chr 16:23 (in the || Ps 96:2 מִיּוֺם לְיוֺם).

2. Where the limit is actually entered, into, Gen 6:18 and thou shalt enter into the ark Gen 7:1; Gen 19:3; Gen 41:21; Gen 42:17 & so after verbs of throwing, casting, putting Gen 37:22 (הִשְׁלִיךְ) Gen 39:20 וַיִּתְּנֵהוּ אֶלבֵּֿית הַסֹּהַר put him into the prison house, Exod 28:30 (Lev 8:8) Deut 23:25 so after קָבַר to bury Gen 23:19; Gen 25:9; Gen 49:29 שָׂחַט to squeeze Gen 40:11 מָחָה to blot out Num 5:23, etc.; metaphor Gen 6:6 was pained into or unto his heart, שָׂם אֶללֵֿב, הֵשִׁיב to place, bring. into ( = lay to) heart Deut 4:39; 2Sam 19:20 and elsewhere In connection with a number or multitude into which something enters, in among: 1Sam 10:22 behold he had hid himself אֶלהַֿכֵּלִים in among the baggage, Jer 4:3 sow not אֶלקֹֿצִים in among thorns.

3. Of direction towards anything:
(a) of physical acts or states, as Gen 30:40 נָתַן פְּנֵי הַצּאֹן אֶל, Gen 39:7 נָשָׂא עֵינָיו אֶל, Exod 25:20; Num 6:26, נָשָׂא פָנָיו אֶל (2Kgs 9:32 differently), 2Kgs 24:1 שָׁת פָּנָיו אֶל, Josh 8:18; Ps 28:2; 1Kgs 8:29; 1Kgs 8:30 (to pray towards) v1Kgs 8:38 pregnantly חָרֵד אֶל to tremble (turning) to Gen 42:28, תָּמַהּ אֶל to, wonder (turning) towards Gen 43:33; Isa 13:8, פָּחַד אֶל Jer 36:16: without a verb פָּנִים אֶלפָּֿנִים face to face Gen 32:31 +; פֶּה אֶלפֶּֿה Num 12:8 כִּיאֵֿינֶנּוּ אֵלַי Gen 31:5 the face of Laban, that he is not toward me; ׳אֶלפֿ ׳עֵינֵי י the eyes of ׳י are towards . . . Ps 34:16 (compare Ps 33:18).
(b) with words such as אָמַרto say to Gen 3:1 + often, דִּבֶּר Gen 8:15 + often, קָרָא Gen 19:5, הִחְפַּלֵּל Gen 20:17 etc., שָׁמַע to hearken to Gen 16:11, הִלֵּל to praise to Gen 12:15 (compare Ezek 13:19 חִלֵּל אֶל to profane to), הִזְכִּיר Ezek 40:14.
(c) with words expressing the direction of the mind, as קִוָּה to wait Ps 27:14 +; יִחַל to hope Isa 51:5 נָשָׂא נֶפֶשׁ אֶל to lift up the soul (i.e. set the desire) towards Deut 24:15; Ps 25:1 שָׂם לֵב אֶל, שָׁת to set the heart (mind) to Exod 9:21 and elsewhere; לָמַד אֶל to accustom oneself to Jer 10:2 חָרֵד אֶל to shew fear towards 2Kgs 4:13; Gen 43:30; Deut 28:32 and thy eyes כָּלוֺת אֲלֵיהֶם failing (with longing) towards them, Lam 4:17; Isa 63:15; 2Sam 3:8; 1Kgs 14:13; Ps 40:6 alone, as predicate, directed or disposed towards, Gen 3:16; Gen 4:7; 2Kgs 6:11 who of ours is towards (i.e. favours) the king of Syria? Hos 3:3 וְגַםאֲֿנִי אֵלָֽיִח׃ Ezek 36:9; Hag 2:17; Jer 15:1 (אֵין נַפְשִׁי אֶל).

4. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against: Gen 4:8 אֶלהֶֿבֶל ׳וַיָּקָם קand Cain rose up against Abel (so 1Sam 24:8) 1Sam 22:12; Exod 14:5; Num 32:14 with נִקְבַּץ Josh 10:6, הָלַךְ Judg 1:10; Judg 20:30 with בָּא of calamity, etc., coming to or upon any one Gen 42:21; Judg 9:57; 1Sam 2:34; 1Kgs 14:10 +; Isa 2:4; Isa 3:8 their tongue and doings are ׳אֶליֿ Isa 32:6 (לְדַבֵּר אֶל) Hos 7:15 (compare Nah 1:9) Hos 12:5 וַיָּשַׂר אֶלמַֿלְאָךְ and he strove against the angel. Here also belongs in particular the phrase הִנְנִי אֶל ֗֗֗ Behold I am against (thee, you, etc.) Nah 2:14; Nah 3:5; Jer 21:13 (Jer 23:30-32 על) Jer 50:31; Jer 51:25; Ezek 13:8; Ezek 13:20; Ezek 21:8; Ezek 29:10; Ezek 30:22; Ezek 34:10; Ezek 35:3; Ezek 38:3; Ezek 39:1 (Ezek 5:8; Ezek 26:3; Ezek 28:22; Ezek 29:3 על: on Ezek 36:9 see above)

5. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to, as Lev 18:18 thou shalt not take אִשָּׁה אֶל אֲחוֺתָהּ a woman to, in addition to, her sister, Josh 13:22 (|| Num 31:8 על); 1Sam 14:34 at eat אֶלהַֿחָם together with the blood (1Sam 14:32 & generally עַל); 1Kgs 10:7 הוֺסִיף אֶל (generally עַל); Jer 25:26; Ezek 7:26 שְׁמוּעָה אֶל שְׁמוּעָה || (עלׅ; Ezek 44:7; Lam 3:41 let us lift up לְבָבֵנוּ אֶלכַּֿפָּ֑יִם our hearts together with the hands (compare , Qor 4:2; W^{AG ii. § 51 c}).

6. Metaphor in regard to, concerning, on account of : thus הִתְאַבֵּל to mourn concerning 1Sam 15:35 הִנָּחֵם to repent as regards 2Sam 24:16 דָּרַשׁ to inquire 1Kgs 14:5 הִתְפַּלֵּל to pray with regard to 1Sam 1:27; 2Kgs 19:20 צָעַק to cry 2Kgs 8:3 (2Kgs 8:5 על); נֶעֳצַב be pained 1Sam 20:34 נִחַם to comfort 2Sam 10:2 more generally 1Kgs 16:13; 1Kgs 21:22 אֶלנֶֿפֶשׁ on account of, for the sake of, one's life 1Kgs 19:3; 2Kgs 7:7 (Gen 19:17 על). (עַל is more common in this sense.) And specially with verbs of saying, narrating, telling, etc. with regard to, as אָמַר Gen 20:2; Isa 29:22; Isa 37:21; Isa 37:33 +; דִּבֶּר 2Sam 7:19; Jer 40:16 b; סִפֵּר Ps 2:7; Ps 69:27 צִוָּה Isa 23:11 שָׁמַע Ezek 19:4 הַשְּׁמוּעָה אֶל the report regarding. . . 1Sam 4:19. (Not frequently, ext. in the case of אָמַר.)

7. Of rule or standard, according to (rare): אֶלפִּֿי ֗֗֗ according to the command of, Josh 15:13; Josh 17:4; Josh 21:3 (generally עַלפִּֿי); אֶלנָֿבוֺן according to what is fixed = of a certainty 1Sam 23:23; 1Sam 26:4 (see Dr): perhaps Ps 5:1; Ps 80:1 (Ps 45:1 עַל).

8. Expressing presence at a spot, against; at, by, not merely after verbs expressing or implying motion (compare 1, Gen 24:11), as Josh 11:5 and they came and encamped together אֶלמֵֿי מֵרוֺם at the waters of Merom, 1Sam 5:4 cut off (and fallen) on to the threshold, 2Sam 2:23 and elsewhere and smote him אֶלהַֿחֹמֶשׁ in or on the belly, Deut 33:28; Exod 29:12; Lev 4:7 but also in other cases, as Josh 5:3 and he circumcised the Israelites אֶל against, at the hill of the foreskins, Josh 22:11 have built an altar אֶל גְּלִילוֺת הַיַּרְדֵּן by the districts of Jordan, Judg 12:6 & 2Sam 18:4 אֶליַֿד at the side of (elsewhere לְיַד, עַל יַד), 1Kgs 13:20 as they were sitting אֶלהַֿשֻּׁלְחָן at the table, 2Kgs 11:14 אֶלהַֿמֶּלֶךְ by the king, Jer 41:12 and found him by the great waters, etc., Jer 46:10 אֶלנְֿהַר פְּרָת by the Euphrates, Ezek 3:15; Ezek 11:11; Ezek 17:8; Ezek 31:7; Ezek 40:18; Ezek 43:3; Ezek 47:7; Ezek 48:12.

9. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to: thus אֶלאַֿחֲרֵי 2Sam 5:23; 2Kgs 9:18; 2Kgs 9:19 סֹב אֶלאַֿחֲרַי turn to behind me, Zech 6:5 (where אֶל is pleonastic, probably due to clerical error; note יצא אל before & after); אֶלבֵּֿין in between Ezek 31:10; Ezek 31:14 אֵלבֵּֿינוֺת similarly Ezek 10:2 ׳אֶלמִֿבֵּית לְ to (the part) within (see below בַּיִת), in within Lev 16:15; 2Kgs 11:15 || have her forth in within the ranks; אֶלמֿוּל see מוּל; ׳אֶלמִֿנֶּגֶב לְ unto the south of Josh 15:3 ׳אֶלמִֿחוּץ לְ to the outside of Lev 4:12; Lev 4:21 +; אֶלנֹֿכַח to the front of Num 19:4 אֶלתַּֿחַת Judg 6:19; 1Kgs 8:6 and elsewhere (see below תַּחַת).

Note I. — In Gen 20:13 אֶלכָּֿלהַֿמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁר נָבוֺא ׳שָׁמָּה אִמְרִילִֿי וג; Num 33:54 ׳אֶלאֲֿשֶׁר וג; Prov 17:8 (compare Deut 16:6); — אֶל appears to be used by a species of attraction; the idea of motion involved in the relative clause influencing illogically the beginning of the sentence and causing אֶל to be used instead of בְּ. In Deut 31:14 אֵלֵיהֶם, as pointed, can only be from אַיִל III or IV (q. v.); if the word be taken as the Pronoun with suffix (Hi Ke), אֲלֵיהֶם must be read.

Note 2. — There is a tendency in Hebrew, especially manifest in Samuel Kings Jeremiah Ezekiel, to use אֶל in the sense of עַל; sometimes אֶל being used exceptionally in a phrase or construction which regularly, and in accusative with analogy, has עַל; sometimes, the two prepositions interchanging, apparently without discrimination, in the same or parallel sentences. Thus
(a) Josh 5:14 וִיִּפֹּל אֶלפָּֿנָיו; 1Sam 13:13 אֶתמַֿמְלַכְתְּךָ אֶליִֿשְׂרָאֵל ׳הֵקִים י; 1Sam 14:34 (see below 5); 1Sam 17:3 עֹמְדִים אֶלהָֿהָר (contractee עַל Deut 11:29); Deut 19:16; 2Sam 6:3; 2Sam 20:23 (contracted 2Sam 8:16) 1Kgs 13:29; 1Kgs 18:46 (contracted 2Kgs 3:15 על) Jer 35:15; Ezek 7:18.
(b) Judg 6:37 and upon (עַל) all the earth let there be dryness, vJudg 6:39 let there be dryness on (אֶל) the fleece; 1Sam 14:10 come up עָלֵינוּ, v1Sam 14:12 come up אֵלֵינוּ; 1Sam 16; 1Sam 18:10 צָלַח אֶל, 1Sam 10:6 and elsewhere צָלַח עַל; 1Sam 25:17 evil is determined אֶלאֲֿדֹנֵינוּ וְעַל כָּלבֵּֿיתוֺ; v1Sam 25:25; 1Sam 27:10; 2Sam 2:9 וַיַּמְלִכֵהוּ אֶל וְ֗֗֗אֶל וְ֗֗֗אֶל וְ֗֗֗עַל וְ֗֗֗עַל וְ֗֗֗עַל; 2Sam 3:29 יָחֻלוּ עַל ֗֗֗ וְאֶל ֗֗֗ 2Kgs 8:3 & 5; 2Kgs 3; Jer 19:15; Jer 25:2; Jer 26:15 ye lay innocent blood עֲלֵיכֶם וְאֶלהָֿעִיר הַזּאֹת; Jer 27:19; Jer 28:8; Jer 33:14; Jer 34:7; Jer 36:31; Jer 37:13; Jer 37:14; Ezek 18:6; Ezek 18:11 & 15; Ezek 21:12 etc. Ps 79:6 (Jer 10:25 על twice). It is probably that this interchange, at least in many cases, is not original, but due to transcribers.

[Note]

Conversely, though not with the same frequency, עַל occurs where analogy would lead us to expect אֶל, or even in juxtaposition with אֶל, as 1Sam 1:10 הִתְפַּלֵּל עַל to pray to (1Sam 1:26 אֶל); v1Sam 1:13; 1Sam 25:25 אֶלעַ֗֗֗ל; 1Kgs 20:43 וַיֵּלֶךְ עַלבֵּֿיתוֺ (1Kgs 21:4 אֶל); Isa 22:15; Jer 11:2; Jer 23:35; Jer 31:12. compare Dr^{Sm i. 13, 13}; ii. 8, 7; 15, 4.

unto, to, into, upon, against, …

ʾēl

near, with or among; often in general, to

to, toward, unto (of motion)

in among

כִּ מְבוֹא

כִּ

Prefix — preposition like, as

מְבוֹא

Root word down, entry, in, entrance, west, …

Dictionary form: מָבוֹא · maw-BOH

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: cometh

entry ×2 the entrance ×2 the going down ×2 and from the west ×1 and thy coming in ×1 as men enter into ×1 at the coming ×1 at the entering in ×1

More options

entrance — Most versatile; suits gates, cities, and buildings.

entry — Slightly more formal; good for architectural contexts.

gateway — Emphasizes a passage or threshold; vivid for city gates.

west — Use when context is directional — where the sun goes down.

sunset — Poetic directional sense; 'at sunset' or 'toward sunset'.

approach — Captures movement toward a place, not just the opening itself.

BDB948 H3996 H3997

מָבוֺא noun masculine^{Jer 38:14} entrance, a coming in, entering; — ׳מ absolute Jer 38:14 + 3 t. + Ezek 42:9 Kt (Qr מֵבִיא wrong, compare Co); construct מְבוֺא Deut 11:30 + 12 t.; suffix מְבוֺאוֺ Ps 104:19 + 2 t.; מְבֹאוֺ Ps 50:1 מבואך 2Sam 3:25 Kt (Qr מוֺבָאֶ֑ךָ inexplicable compare Dr); plural construct מְבוֺאֵי Ezek 26:10, מְבוֺאֹת Ezek 27:3 —

1. entrance, i.e. place or way of entrance, into a city Judg 1:24; Judg 1:25; 1Chr 4:39; Prov 8:3 (פְּתָחִים ׳מ); into buildings 2Kgs 11:16; 2Kgs 16:18; 1Chr 9:19 (שֹׁמְרֵי הַמָּבוֺא), 2Chr 23:13; 2Chr 23:15; Jer 38:14; Ezek 42:9; Ezek 46:19 see also מְבוֺאֹת יָם entrance of (the) sea, gate of the sea, of situation of Tyre Ezek 27:3.

2. entering, act of entrance, by violence, in storm of city Ezek 26:10 coming in or together, making a crowd, כִּמְבוֺא עָ֑ם Ezek 33:31 simile of eagerness to hear Yahweh's word; in phrase אֶתמֿוֺצָאֲךָ וְאֶתמֿבואך 2Sam 3:25 thy going out and thy coming in, mode of entering temple, or the people who enter Ezek 44:5 particularly of sunset מְבוֺא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Ps 104:19 = west Deut 11:30; Josh 1:4; Josh 23:4 הַיָּם הַגָּדוֺל מְבוֺא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ = Mediterranean, Zech 8:7 אֶרֶץ מְבוֺא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ (|| אֶרֶץ מִזְרָח), Mal 1:11; Ps 50:1; Ps 113:3 sunset = west, opposed to sunrise = east; in phrase from east to west, i.e. over the whole earth, everywhere on earth.

down, entry, in, entrance, west, …

mābôʾ

an entrance (the place or the act); specifically sunset or the west; also (adverb with preposition) towards

entrance, a coming in, entering

sunset

עָ֞ם

Root word people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

Dictionary form: עַם · am

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: thee as the people

the people ×572 people ×220 of the people ×150 my people ×113 and the people ×110 his people ×78 thy people ×58 of my people ×50

More options

people — Most versatile rendering; fits collective and singular contexts.

nation — Emphasizes ethnic or political identity as a unified group.

community — Highlights shared belonging; good for social or covenant contexts.

population — Neutral, demographic tone; useful for census or mass-movement passages.

folk — Informal, grassroots feel; suits ordinary or rural settings.

crowd — Best for gathered assemblies rather than an ongoing social group.

BDB6144 H5971 H5993

I. עַם, עָם₁₈₄₀ noun masculine^{Gen 11:6} (see below) people (Late Hebrew id., plebeian, common man; ᵑ7 עַמָּא people, plural peoples, tribes, etc.; Syriac ; Arabic see above; original meaning probably those united, connected, related, compare We^{GGN 1893, 480}); — absolute עַם Gen 11:6 +, עָם Judg 9:36 +, הָעָם Josh 8:11 +; construct עַם Num 21:29 +; suffix עַמִּי Exod 3:7 +, עַמְּךָ Exod 22:27 +, etc.; plural עַמִּים Isa 2:3 +, עֲמָמִים (compare Biblical Aramaic) Neh 9:22 construct עַמֵּי 1Kgs 8:43 +, עַמְמֵי Neh 9:24 plural with suffix see II. עַם; — (Thes cites following as feminine וְחָטָאת עַמֶּ֑ךָ Exod 5:16 [but corrupt and unintellig.; read perhaps ׳וְחַטָאתָ לְע, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Di]; Judg 18:7 [but ישֶׁבֶת must agree with lost word city, or the like, see GFM]; Jer 8:5 [but read שׁוֺבַב for שׁוֺבְבָה Gie]); —

1. a people, nation (sometimes || גּוֺי), collective noun (singular Exod 21:8; Josh 17:14; Josh 17:15; Josh 17:17; 2Sam 17:29 + often, or plural Exod 20:15; Exod 24:2; Jer 5:31 + often, or both in same clause Exod 1:20; 2Sam 13:24): עַם אֶחָד = all mankind Gen 11:6 (J); peoples in general Gen 27:29 (J; || לְאֻמִּים), Exod 19:5 (E), Deut 2:25; Deut 4:6 + often Deuteronomy; Neh 13:24 + often; קְהַל עַמִּים Gen 28:3 (P) an assembly (multitude) of peoples, Gen 48:4 (P), Ezek 23:24; Ezek 32:3 (+ רַבִּים); one's own people Jer 46:16; Ps 45:11; Ruth 1:10; Ruth 1:15; Ruth 1:16 (twice in verse) + (on עַמִּי נָדִיב Song 6:12 see especially Bu); particular peoples, Egypt Gen 41:40 (E), Exod 1:22 (E), Neh 9:10 +; עַםאֲֿרָם Amos 1:5 עַםכְּֿמוֺשׁ (i.e. Moab) Num 21:29 (JE), Jer 48:46 but especially Israel Exod 1:20 (E) + often; ׳עַםבְּֿנֵי יִשׂ vExod 1:9 (J); called יהוה ׳ע Num 11:29 (E), 1Sam 2:24 +, and (by ׳י) עַמִּי Exod 3:7; Exod 5:1 (J) + often (all periods); קְהַל עַםהָֿאֱלֹהִים Judg 20:2, עַםהַֿקָּהָל Lev 16:33 (P), קְהַל עָם Ps 107:32 especially הָעָם הַזֶּה (often in contempt or disgust) Num 11:1; Num 11:12; Num 11:13 +; figurative of ants Prov 30:25, the shaphan vProv 30:26, locusts Joel 2:2, compare לְעַם לְצִיִּים Ps 74:14 (where read לְעַם צִיִּים Hup-Now). — On Judg 1:16 see עֲמָלֵקִי.

2. = smaller units, e.g.
a. inhabitants of a city Gen 19:4 (J), 1Sam 9:12; 1Sam 9:13; Jer 29:16; Jer 29:25; 2Chr 31:4 + (Jer 8:5 strike out ׳יְרוּוּשׁ ᵐ5 Gie Co Rothst).
b. inhabitants of a locality Jer 37:12 [apparently not = tribe, Deut 33:3 read עַמּוֺ ᵐ5 Di Dr, Hos 10:14; Judg 5:8; Judg 5:14 read בְּעָרֶיךָ We Now; see below ד].
c. retainers, followers Gen 14:16; Gen 32:8; Gen 33:15; Gen 35:6; Judg 3:18; Judg 8:5; 2Sam 15:17; Jer 41:13; Jer 41:14 +.
d. people bearing arms 1Sam 11:11; 1Kgs 20:10 +; כָּבֵד ׳ע Num 20:20 (JE), i.e. a powerful force; עַם הַצָּבָא Num 31:32 (P), הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳ע Josh 8:1; Josh 8:3; Josh 8:11; Josh 10:7; Josh 11:7 (all J E); so probably Judg 5:8 a (fighting) band; perhaps also vJudg 5:14 (read singular ? see GFM Bu).

3. = common people Jer 21:7; Jer 22:4; Lev 4:27 (opposed to ruler vLev 4:22), Neh 5:1 (opposed to יְהוּדִים), Neh 7:5 (opposed to rulers).

4. people in general, persons Gen 50:20 (E), so apparently ׳כָּלהָֿעָם אֲשֶׁר וגו Exod 33:16 (J), Num 11:34 (J), Josh 5:5 (twice in verse) (D), Judg 9:36 (as singular), vJudg 9:37 (as plural), Jer 36:9 persons labouring 1Kgs 9:23 superior persons Job 12:2 (iron.); עַם עוֺלָם Ezek 26:30 people of long ago (now in Sh®°ôl).

5. phrases are:
a. (עַמָּהּ, עַמִּי, עַמְּךָ) בְּנֵי עַמּוֺ members of one's people, compatriots, fellow-countrymen, etc. Num 22:5 (E), Gen 23:11 (P) Lev 19:18 (H), Judg 14:16; Judg 14:17; Ezek 33:2; Ezek 33:12 +.
b. בְּנֵי הָעָם = common people (see 3) 2Kgs 23:6; Jer 26:23 +; people in general שַׁעַר בְּנֵי הָעָם Jer 17:19 i.e. public gate 2Chr 35:5; 2Chr 35:12.
c. עַם הָאָרֶץ the people at large, as a body 2Kgs 11:14; 2Kgs 11:18; 2Kgs 11:19; 2Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 16:15; 2Kgs 21:24 (twice in verse) +, Jer 37:2; Jer 44:21; Lev 20:2 (H), Gen 23:7; Gen 23:12; Gen 23:13 (P); common people Jer 34:19, compare ׳הא ׳דַּלַּת ע 2Kgs 24:14 distinguished from prince Ezek 45:22; Ezek 46:3; Ezek 46:9, from priests Hag 2:4; Zech 7:5 = Canaanites Num 14:9 (JE), compare עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ 1Chr 5:25 mixed post-exile population Ezra 4:4.
d. עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ usually peoples of the earth Josh 4:24 (D), 2Chr 32:19 +; of heathen peoples about and in Palestine after exile Ezra 10:2; Ezra 10:11 traders Neh 10:31 עַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֺת Neh 9:30; Neh 10:29; 2Chr 32:13.
e. מִשְׁפְּחוֺת עַמִּים Ps 96:7 = 1Chr 16:28 (compare Ps 22:28). feminine בַּתעַֿמִּי = people personified Isa 22:4; Jer 4:11 + 7 t. Jeremiah + Jer 6:14 (van d. H.; omit בַּת Baer Gi), Lam 2:11; Lam 3:48; Lam 4:3; Lam 4:6; Lam 4:10 בְּתוּלַת בַּתעַֿמִּי Jer 14:17.
g. designations of Israel are: עַםקָֿרוֺשׁ Deut 7:6 + 3 t., קְדוֺשִׁים ׳ע Dan 8:24, (ה)קֹדֶשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:12; Isa 63:18; Dan 12:7 סְגֻלָּה ׳ע Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2; Deut 26:18.
h. of foreign (non-Israel) peoples: ׳ע נָכְרִי Exod 21:8 (E), אַחֵר ׳ע Deut 28:32, and especially from language, עִמְקֵי שָׂפָה ׳ע Ezek 3:5 compare vEzek 3:6, כִּלְשׁוֺן עַם וָעָם Neh 13:24 compare Esth 1:22 (twice in verse); Esth 3:12, לֹעֵג ׳ע Ps 114:1.
i. עַם עֶבְרָתִי Isa 10:6, חֶרְמִי ׳ע Isa 34:11, מִֿבְחָרָיו׳ע Dan 11:15, עַמֵּי תּוֺעֵבוֺת הָאֵלֶּה Ezra 9:14 לֹא עַם בִּינוֺת Isa 27:11. — For עַםעֿוֺלָם Isa 44:7 read (אֹתִיּוֺת) (מִי הִשְׁמִי)עַ מֵעוֺלָם Oort Du Kit Che^Hpt compare Perles^{Anal. 40, 64}.

BDB6147 H5971

II. [עַם] noun [masculine] kinsman

**later development of I. עַם RS^{K 58; 2nd ed. 72}. (on father's side) (Arabic paternal uncle, etc., see I. עמם; compare perhaps Tel Amarna ammu, kinsmen (?); on Nabataean עם ancestor compare Lzb^{151, 499}; see also especially Nes^{Eg 187, ZAW xvi (1896), 322f.} Krenkel^{ib. viii (1888), 280-84}); — suffix עַמִּי in בֶּןעַֿמִּי (q. v.), and proper name following; elsewhere plural suffix עַמֶּיךָ Num 27:13; Num 31:2 (Lev 19:16 read עַמְּךָ ᵐ5 ⅏), + (possibly) עֲמָָמֶיךָ Judg 5:14 עַמָּיו Gen 25:8 + 15 t., עַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:14 + 3 t.; read עַמֶּי (for ᵑ0 עַמִּי, I. עַם; compare Krenkel^{l.c. 281}) Gen 49:29 and perhaps Judg 14:3 (compare Lev 21:14); according to Buhl Kit also 2Kgs 4:13 — father's kinsmen: וַיֵּאָסֵף אֶלעַֿמָּיו Gen 25:8 (of joining kinsmen in Sh®°ôl), so vGen 25:17; Gen 35:29; Gen 49:33; Num 20:24; Deut 32:50, compare Gen 49:29 (see above), Num 27:13; Num 31:2; Deut 32:50 (all P); וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ מֵעַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:4 (severed from living kinsmen), so Lev 7:20; Lev 7:21; Lev 7:23; Lev 7:27; Lev 19:8; Lev 23:29; Num 9:13, מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Exod 31:14, compare Exod 30:33; Exod 30:38; Lev 17:9 (all PH); מֵעַמָּיו יִקַּח אִשָּׁה Lev 21:14 (H), and perhaps Judg 14:3 (simile I. עַם: [םָ֯, הָּ֯] מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֺ Lev 17:4; Lev 17:10; Lev 18:29+); other combinations Judg 5:14 (si vera lectio read perhaps בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ, see I. עַם 2 d ), Lev 21:1; Lev 21:4; Lev 21:15 (H), Ezek 18:18 and (perhaps) 2Kgs 4:13. — בֶּןעַֿמִּי perhaps = son of my kinsman; on proper name with עַם see Gray^{Prop. N. 41 ff}.

BDB9776 H5971 H5972

עַם noun masculine^{Ezra 6:12} people (see Biblical Hebrew I. עמם, עַם); — ׳ע absolute Dan 2:44; Dan 3:29; Ezra 6:12, construct Dan 7:27 emphatic עַמָּה Ezra 5:12, עַמָּא Ezra 7:13; Ezra 7:16; Ezra 7:25 plural emphatic עַמֲמַיָּא (K^{§§ 15d}); 55, 5 a)) Dan 3:4; Dan 3:7 (twice in verse); Dan 3:31; Dan 5:19; Dan 6:26; Dan 7:14.

people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

ʿam

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

nation, people

people, nation

וְ יֵשְׁב֤וּ

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יֵשְׁב֤וּ

Root word dwell, inhabitants, dwelt, sat, sit, …

Dictionary form: יָשַׁב · yaw-SHAHB

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: and they sit

the inhabitants ×105 dwelt ×69 dwell ×48 and dwelt ×38 sat ×30 and the inhabitants ×24 that dwelt ×21 to dwell ×20

More options

live — Best default for permanent residence or settlement.

sit — Physical posture; prefer for concrete, momentary action.

stay — Temporary or shorter-term presence; replaces 'abide/tarry'.

settle — Implies putting down roots; good for colonization contexts.

reside — Slightly formal; suits official or legal-register passages.

remain — Emphasizes continuing in place; good for lingering contexts.

BDB3774 H3427

יָשַׁב₁₀₉₀ verb sit, remain, dwell (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic יְתֵיב, ; MI^{10; 31} ישב, Judg 1:8; Judg 1:19 וישב, Judg 1:13 ואשב, dwell; Phoenician ישב dwell; Zinjirli ישב sit DHM^{Sendsch. 58}; Assyrian ašâbu, sit, dwell, Dl^{HWB 244}; Arabic leap, jump, Himyer. dialect sit, Lane²⁹¹⁹; Ethiopic II. 1 secum cohabitare facere, marry, consummate marriage, compare Hiph`il 4) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular יָשַׁב Gen 13:12 +; 2 masculine singular יָשַׁבְתָּ Judg 5:16, וְיָשַׁבְתָּה נָ֑הּ consecutive Deut 17:14 2 masculine plural יְשַׁבְתֶּם Deut 1:46; Lev 18:3, וִישַׁבְתֶּם consecutive Lev 25:18 + 7 t., etc.; Imperfect יֵשֵׁב 1Sam 5:7 +, יֵשֶׁבֿ Gen 44:33; Ezek 44:3, יֵ֫שֶׁב before monosyll. 1Kgs 7:8; Job 22:8 וַיֵּ֫שֶׁב Gen 4:16 +; וַיֵּשֶׁב֑ Ruth 4:1 1 singular אֵשֵׁב Judg 6:18 +, וָאֵשֵׁב Deut 9:9 + 3 t. + Ezek 3:15b (but Co אשׁר Kt); אֵשְׁבָה 1Sam 27:5 אֵשֵׁבָ֑ה Isa 49:20 וָאֵשְׁבָה Ezek 9:3 3 masculine plural יֵשְׁבוּ Gen 47:4 +; 3 feminine plural תישׁבנה Ezek 35:9 Kt (i.e. תֵּישַׁבְנָה Ol^{§ 242 d} Kö^{i. 401}), Qr תָּשׁוֺבְנָה (√ שׁוב), Co proposes תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה; 1 plural נֵשֵׁב Jer 42:13; Jer 42:14, וַנֵּ֫שֶׁב Num 20:15 + 5 t.; Imperative masculine singular שֵׁב Gen 20:15 +, שֶׁבֿ Gen 35:1 שְׁבָה Gen 27:19 +; feminine singular שְׁבִי Gen 38:11 +; masculine plural שְׁבוּ Gen 22:5 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute יָשֹׁבֿ 1Sam 20:5 construct שֶׁ֫בֶת 1Sam 7:2 +; שָׁ֑בֶת Isa 40:22 +; suffix שִׁבְתִּי 2Sam 7:5 +, etc.; Participle masculine י(וֺ)שׁב Gen 4:20; Gen 24:3 +, etc.; feminine ישְׁבָה Nah 3:8 י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת Judg 4:5 +; י(וֺ)שָׁ֑בֶת Josh 2:5; 2Kgs 4:13 ישַׁבְתְּ֯י Jer 22:23, י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת֯י Jer 10:17; Lam 4:21; Ezek 27:3 (Kt preferable in all these, see Ol^{§ 123 d} Ges^{«GKC:90»§ 90}. 3 a); feminine plural ישְׁבוֺת 1Sam 27:8 —

1. a. sit on (עַל) a seat 1Sam 20:25, stone Exod 17:12, teraphim Gen 31:34, couch Gen 48:2 (all E), Ezek 23:41, knees 2Kgs 4:20, throne Exod 11:5; Exod 12:29 (J), Deut 17:18; 1Sam 1:9; 1Sam 4:13; 1Kgs 1:13; 1Kgs 1:17; 1Kgs 1:20 +, see absolute below; of ׳י, הַיּשֵׁב עַלחֿוּג הָאֶרֶץ Isa 40:22 dust Isa 47:1, ground (אֶרֶץ) Ezek 26:16, ashes Jonah 3:6 (these in token of humiliation); sit down by (עַל) a well Exod 2:15 or pool 2Sam 2:13 with אֶל 1Sam 28:23 sit in (ב) house, street, doorway, assembly, etc. 2Sam 7:1; Judg 19:15; Gen 38:14 (J), Jer 15:17; Jer 26:10; Ps 1:1; Song 2:3 so Ezek 31:6; Ezek 31:17 (figurative); of No of Amon (personified city) הַיּשְׁבָה בַּיְאֹרִים Nah 3:8 she who sate amid the rivers; with לְ sit on to (pregnantly) לָאָרֶץ Isa 3:26; Isa 47:1; Lam 2:10, לְכִסֵּא Ps 9:5, at, לְפֶתַח בית Prov 9:14, לִימִינוֺ(יׅ 1Kgs 2:19; Ps 110:1 לַמַּבּוּל Ps 29:10 with לִפְנֵי Gen 43:33 (J), + שָׁם Judg 20:26; Judg 21:2; 2Sam 7:18 = 1Chr 17:16 with עִם 1Sam 20:5; Prov 31:22 with אֶתֿ Jer 16:8; Job 2:13 with תַּחַת Judg 6:11; Mic 4:4, וַיֵּשֶׁב תַּחְתֶּיהָ בַּצֵּל Jonah 4:5 with מִנֶּגֶד Gen 21:16 (twice in verse) (E), נֶגֶד Isa 47:14, מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Jonah 4:5 מִצַּד 1Sam 20:25; Ruth 2:14 with accusative of congnate meaning with verb Ezek 28:2 לִשְׁפֹּט Exod 18:13; Joel 4:12 (compare Ps 9:5; Isa 28:6); hence absolute of sitting as king or judge Exod 18:14; Ps 61:8; Mal 3:3, יושׁבים Isa 10:13, perhaps Amos 1:5; Amos 1:8, especially of ׳י sitting (enthroned), Ps 2:4; Ps 9:8; Ps 29:10; Ps 55:20; Ps 102:13; Lam 5:19, so in ישֵׁב (הַ)כְּרוּבִים 1Sam 4:4; 2Sam 6:2 = 1Chr 13:6; 2Kgs 19:15; Ps 99:1 ישֵׁב תְּהִלּוֺת יִשְׂרָאֵל Ps 22:4 (see with עַל, above); by meton. of thrones, for the judges sitting on them שָׁמָּה יָָֽשְׁבוּ כִסְאוֺת לְמִשְׁפָּט Ps 122:5 הַיּשְׁבִים Ruth 4:14, i.e. in the gate (compare vRuth 4:11), those in whose presence purchase of land took place.
b. sit, sit down, absolute, Judg 19:6; Ruth 4:1; Ruth 4:2; Neh 1:4; Jer 36:15 (followed by clause of purpose, to eat, etc.) Gen 37:25; Esth 3:15 +; opposed to קוּם Exod 32:6 (JE) Ps 139:2, מְאַחֲרֵי שֶׁבֶת Ps 127:2 (opposed to מַשְׁכִּימֵי קוּם); so Isa 37:28 = 2Kgs 19:27 (read לְפָנַי קֻמְךָ at end of v2Kgs 19:27 = 2Kgs 19:26 We in Bl^{Einl. 4, 257} Rs^{Proph. 351, and n. 9}); but also קוּמִי שְׁבִי Isa 52:2, explained by (וַיָּקָם מֵהָאָרֶץ וַיֵּשֶׁב אֶלהַֿמִּטָּה 1Sam 28:23 and) 2Sam 19:9.
c. sit down outside (חוּץ), i.e. perform a necessity of nature Deut 23:14.
d. sit = be set (as a jewel), ישְׁבוֺתּ עַלמִֿלֵּאת Song 5:12 set on a filling (i.e. in a setting, De and others), in description of eyes; (> others sitting by full streams).

2. a. remain, stay, tarry (for a limited or indefinite time), with אֶת person Gen 24:55 (J), Judg 19:4; 2Sam 16:8 with עִם person Gen 27:44 (J), עִמָּדִי Gen 29:19 (E), Judg 17:10 with בְ local 1Sam 7:2 (of ark), 1Sam 13:16; 1Sam 14:2; 1Sam 24:4 (1Sam 23:25 read אֲשֶׁר for וַיֵּשֶׁב ᵐ5 We Dr Klo Kit Bu), 2Sam 10:5; 2Sam 19:25 (where read שִׁבְתּוֺ for שִׁיבָתוֺ Dr Klo Bu, see We), Num 35:25 (P), Job 24:13 with שָׁם 1Kgs 11:16, שָׁם עַדעֿוֺלָם 1Sam 1:22 with על (by) 1Sam 25:13; 1Sam 30:24 פֹּה 2Kgs 7:4 שְׁבוּ לָכֶם פֹּה עִםֿ הַחֲמוֺר Gen 22:5 (E); with בֵּין Judg 5:16, מִחוּץ לְ Lev 14:8 (P),אֵצֶל 1Sam 20:19 with accusative בית 2Sam 6:11; 2Sam 13:20; Ruth 2:7 absolute 1Sam 1:23 (twice in verse); abide, endure Mic 5:3, וְיהוּדָה לְעוֺלָם תֵּשֵׁב Joel 4:20, so of Mt. Zion Ps 121:1.
b. with special emphasis on qualifying phrase, וַתֵּשֶׁב בְּאֵיתָן קַשְׁתּוֺ Gen 49:24 and his bow abode as a firm one (poem in J); 1Kgs 22:1 and they continued three years without war; of woman remaining בִּדְמֵי טָהֳרָה Lev 12:4, ׳עלדֿמי וגו vLev 12:5.

3. dwell, have one's abode in (ב) a land, city, house, etc., Gen 4:16; Gen 13:7; Gen 13:12 (twice in verse); Gen 19:29; Gen 24:37; Gen 24:62; Deut 1:4; Deut 3:2; Josh 20:6; 2Sam 7:6 + often (on 2Sam 21:16 see ישׁבו בְנֹב, p. 444); in tents Jer 35:7; Jer 35:10; 1Chr 5:10 figurative of justice (צְדָקָה) Isa 32:16 (|| וְשָׁכֵן מִשְׁפָּט); in the midst of (בְּקֶרֶב) Gen 24:3; Josh 13:13; Josh 16:10; Judg 1:30; Judg 1:32; Judg 1:33; Judg 3:5 so with בְּתוֺךְ Gen 23:10 (P); with עַל + הארץ, of God 1Kgs 8:27 = 2Chr 6:18 of people Lev 25:18; Lev 25:19; Lev 26:35 (H); with לְ Job 15:28 with בֵּין Gen 20:1 (E); dwell with (אֶת) Gen 34:16; Gen 34:22 (P), Exod 2:21 (E), Josh 15:63 (JE), Judg 1:16; Judg 1:21; Judg 17:11 יֵשְׁבוּ יְשָׁרִים אֶתפָּֿנֶיךָ Ps 140:14 so with עִם Josh 20:4; Deut 23:17 (+ בקרב), Ps 26:4 (i.e. assoc. with); with יַחְדָּו Gen 13:6 (twice in verse) (J), Gen 36:7 (P), Deut 25:5 שֶׁבֶת גַּםיָֿ֑חַד Ps 133:1 dwell in their stead (תַּחְתָּם) Deut 2:12 (twice in verse); Deut 2:22; Deut 2:23; 1Chr 4:41; 1Chr 5:22 absolute לָשֶׁבֶת יְצָרָהּ Isa 45:18 for dwelling he formed it (the earth); (thy) dwelling-place is מְקוֺם שִׁבְתְּךָ 1Kgs 8:30 = 2Chr 6:21, also ׳מְכוֺן שׁ 1Kgs 8:39; 1Kgs 8:43; 1Kgs 8:49 = 2Chr 6:30; 2Chr 6:33; 2Chr 6:39, so Ps 33:14 ׳מָכוֺן לְש֔ Exod 15:17; 1Kgs 8:13 = 2Chr 6:2. Participle ישֵׁב = substantive, dweller, inhabitant, very often (c. 215 t.): e.g. ישֵׁב אהלים Gen 25:27 (J); often collective ישֵׁב אהל Gen 4:20 (J), ישׁב הָאָרֶץ Gen 34:30; Gen 50:11 (both J), Exod 34:12; Exod 34:15 (JE); also in poetry f., (as collective; see Dr on 1Sam 17:21) יוֺשֶׁבֶת שָׁפִיר etc., MI 1Sam 1:11 (twice in verse); 1Sam 1:12; 1Sam 1:13; 1Sam 1:15 יוֺשֶׁבֶת צִיּוֺן Isa 12:6; Jer 51:35 similarly Jer 10:17; Jer 21:23; Jer 48:19 (compare Lam 4:21) Zech 2:11 with בת in app. (Da^{§28 R. 6}), יוֺשֶׁבֶת בַּתמִֿצְרַיִם Jer 46:19, so Jer 48:18 more usually plural ישְׁבֵי הֶעָרִים Gen 19:25 (J), compare Deut 13:14 ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ Exod 23:21 (JE), compare Exod 15:14; Exod 15:15 (poem in E); ישְׁבֵי תֵבֵל Isa 18:3, יוֺשְׁבֵי חָ֑דֶל Isa 38:11, etc.; ישְׁבֶיהָ Lev 18:25; Lev 25:10 (H), Num 13:32 (P); absolute יוֺשֵׁב (collective) Amos 1:5; Amos 1:8; Isa 49:19 הַיוֺשְׁבִים 1Chr 9:2 also (strangely) ישְׁבוֺת הארץ 1Sam 27:8 = the populations of the land We Dr (elsewhere in this sense only feminine singular and in poetry, see above); frequently in phrase without in habitant (i.e. so that there shall be no inhabitants), מֵאֵין ישׁב Isa 5:9; Isa 6:4; Isa 26:9; Isa 33:10; Isa 34:23; Jer 44:22; Jer 46:19; Jer 51:29; Jer 51:37; Zeph 2:5; Zeph 3:6 מֵאֵין יוֺשֵׁב בָּהֶן Jer 48:9 מִבְּלִי ישֵׁב Jer 2:15; Jer 9:10 לאֹ יִהְיֶה יוֺשֵב בָּהּ Jer 50:3 לְבִלְתִּי הֱיוֺתבּֿוֺ יוֺשֵׁב Jer 51:62.

4. of a land or city, sit, abide seated in its place, figurative for be inhabited Jer 17:6; Jer 17:25; Jer 50:13; Jer 50:39; Ezek 26:20; Ezek 29:11; Ezek 36:35; Isa 13:20 (|| לאֹ תִּשְׁכּוֺן), Zech 2:8; Zech 9:5; Zech 14:11 יָָֽשְׂבָה תַּחְתֶּיהָ Zech 12:6; Zech 14:10; Ezek 35:9 Kt is תישׁבנה, Qr תָּשׁוֺבְנָה; Co תושׁבנה, i.e. Niph`al תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה (compare Ezek 36:10), or Hoph`al תּוּשַׁבְנָה (compare Isa 44:26); of palace, וְאַרְמוֺן עַלמִֿשְׁפָּטוֺ יֵשֵׁב Jer 30:18. Niph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular נוֺשָׁ֑בָה Jer 6:8 3 plural וְנָֽשְׁבוּ consecutive Ezek 36:10, נוֺשָׂ֑בוּ Ezek 26:19, נוֺשָׁ֑בֻ֯ה Jer 22:6 Participle feminine נוֺשֶׁבֶת Ezek 26:17 ( < נִשְׁבַּתְּ ᵐ5 Co, √ שׁבת), נוֺשָׁ֑בֶת Exod 16:35 plural נוֺשָׁבוֺת Ezek 12:20; Ezek 38:12 — be inhabited, of land Exod 16:35 (perhaps = be habitable), Jer 6:8 of cities Jer 22:6; Ezek 12:20; Ezek 26:19; Ezek 36:10 חֳרָבוֺת נוֺשָׁבוֺת Ezek 38:12 — Ezek 26:17 see above; Ezek 35:9 see

Qal 4. Pi`el Perfect 3 masculine plural וְיִשְּׁבוּ טִירוֺתֵיהֶם בָּ֑ךְ Ezek 25:4 and they shall set their encampments in thee (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Co וְיֵשְׁבוּ inhabit. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular השִׁיב Ezra 10:14, suffix הוֺשַׁיבַנִי Lam 3:6; Ps 143:3 1 singular הוֺשַׁבְתִּי Lev 23:33, וְה(וֺ)שַׁבְתִּים consecutive Hos 11:11; Jer 32:37 וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים consecutive Zech 10:6 (Kö^{i, 413}; but probably text error, see Thes and Ges^{Lgb 464}; read probably וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים as vZech 10:10, so Sta^{ZAW. 1881, 21} We), etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיּוֺשֵׁב Gen 47:11, וַיּוֺ֫שֶׁב 2Chr 8:2; Ps 107:36 suffix וַיּוֺשִׁיבַי֯נִי 1Kgs 2:24 (Kö^{i, 414. 224}); וַיּשִׁיבֵם Job 36:7 1 plural ונּ֫שֶׁב Ezra 10:2, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הוֺשֵׁב Gen 47:6 masculine plural ה(וֺ)שִׁיבוּ 1Kgs 21:9; 1Kgs 21:10 Infinitive construct ה(וֺ)שִׁיב 1Sam 2:8; Neh 13:27 הוֺשִׁיבִי Ps 113:8 (Ol^{§ 123 d}; read בוֺ-, see Che); Participle absolute מוֺשִׁיב Ps 68:7, construct מוֺשִׁיבִי Ps 113:9 (Ol^l.c. Ges^l.c.); —

1. cause to sit with accusative of person + על כסא 1Kgs 2:24; 2Chr 23:20 so (without על כסא) + לָנֶצַח Job 36:7 set, place with accusative of person + נֶגְדּוֺ 1Kgs 21:10, also v1Kgs 21:9, v1Kgs 21:12 (בְּראֹשׁ הָעָם).

2. cause to abide (accusative of person) at (ב) 1Sam 30:21.

3. a. cause to dwell, with accusative of person + ב location 1Sam 12:8; 2Kgs 17:6; Hos 12:10; Gen 47:6; Gen 47:11 (P), Lev 23:43 (H), Lam 3:6; Ps 143:3 בְּאֶרֶץ תַּחְתִיּוֺת Ezek 26:20 accusative of person omitted 2Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 17:26 accusative of person + שָׁם 2Chr 8:2; Ps 107:36 accusative of person + עַלהַֿבָּתִּים Hos 11:11 (but read וַהֲשִׁבֹתִים We); accusative of person omitted, with עם person 1Sam 2:8; Ps 113:8 מוֺשִׁיב יְחִידִים בַּ֫יְתָה Ps 68:7 causing solitary ones to dwell in a house (or is מוֺשִׁיב for מֵשִׁיב Bae?); with accusative of person only עֲקֶרֶת הַבַּיִת ׳מושׁ Ps 113:9 giving a dwelling to her that is barren of house; absolute with לָבֶ֫טַח Jer 32:37; Ps 4:9 absolute with כְּקַדְמוֺתֵיכֶם Ezek 36:11. On Zech 10:6, see above
b. cause cities (עָרִים) to be inhabited Ezek 36:33; Isa 54:3.

4. marry (properly give a dwelling to, compare Ps 113:9), only Ezra Nehemiah, and only with accusative נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֺת strange or foreign women Ezra 10:2; Ezra 10:10; Ezra 10:14; Ezra 10:17; Ezra 10:18; Neh 13:27 so השִׁיבוּ נָשִׁים אַשְׁדֳּו֯דִיּוֺת Neh 13:23. Hoph`al Perfect וְהוּשַׁבְתֶּם לְבַדְּכֶם בְּקֶרֶב הָאָ֑רֶץ Isa 5:8 and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land. Imperfect הָאֹמֵר לִירוּשָׁלַםִ תּוּשָׁב֑ Isa 44:26 he who saith of Jerusalem, she shall be inhabited. Ezek 35:9 see Qal 4.

BDB9601 H3488 H3427

יְתִב (K^{§ 25 a}) β)) verb sit, dwell (ᵑ7 Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew ישׁב); —

Pe`al 1. sit, be seated: Perfect 3 masculine singular יְתִב Dan 7:9 and (of judgment = the judge) vDan 7:10, so Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִתִּ֑ב (K^{§ 43.1.Beisp. b}), compare Biblical Hebrew יֵשֵׁב) Dan 7:26.

2. dwell, Participle plural absolute יָתְבִין Ezra 4:17 (ב location). Haph`el cause to dwell: Perfect 3 masculine singular הוֺתֵב Ezra 4:10 (accusative + ב location).

dwell, inhabitants, dwelt, sat, sit, …

yāšab

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

to dwell, remain, sit, abide

(Qal)

to sit, sit down

to cause to sit

to be inhabited

לְ פָנֶ֙י ךָ֙

לְ

Prefix — preposition to, for

פָנֶ֙י

Root word before, face, presence, because, faces, …

ךָ֙

Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)

Dictionary form: פָּנִים · paw-NEEM

Noun — Common, both plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: before

before ×796 the face ×55 from before ×53 his face ×53 because ×49 my face ×48 thy face ×39 before him ×38

More options

face — Most direct rendering; prefer for literal, physical contexts.

presence — Ideal for divine or royal encounter contexts.

countenance — Slightly elevated; suits emotional or expressive descriptions.

surface — Use for physical objects, land, or water (e.g. 'surface of the deep').

in front of — Best for spatial or positional prepositional phrases.

because of — Use when פָּנִים heads a causal prepositional phrase.

BDB4446 H3942 H6440

לִפְנָָֽי 1Kgs 6:17 see below [ פָּנֶה], פָּנִים.

BDB6680 H6440 H3942

[פָּנֶה], plural פָּנִים₂₁₂₃ noun masculine^{Prov 25:23} and (Ezekiel = Prov 21:21 = edge; on 2Sam 10:9 see below) feminine face, also faces (as turned toward one); — plural absolute פָּנִים Gen 32:31 +; construct פְּנֵי 2Sam 14:32 +; suffix 1 singular פָּנַי Gen 43:3 +; 3 masculine singular פָּנָיו Gen 4:5 +, פָּנֵי֑מוֺ Ps 11:7 (Kö^ll.1.446); 2 masculine pluralפְּנֵיכֶם Gen 40:7 +, etc.; — usually with verb plural, Gen 4:5; Gen 4:6; Exod 33:14 +; with verb singular Lam 4:16 (through influence of intervening ׳י, Ges^{«GKC:146a»§ 146a}), Prov 15:14 (but read פִּי, as Qr, see פֶּה); —

I. 1. face, faces (Jer 30:6; Ezek 27:35 +, compare Ezek 1:6; Ezek 10:14; Ezek 10:21 etc.):
a. literally, of man Gen 43:31; 2Sam 19:5; 1Kgs 19:13; Lev 13:14; Dan 8:18; Dan 10:9; Dan 10:15 +; ׳עוֺר פ Exod 35:29; Exod 35:30; Exod 35:35 pale (from alarm) Isa 29:22; Jer 30:6, flushed Isa 13:8; Ezek 21:3, compare Nah 2:11; Joel 2:6 tearful Isa 25:8; Job 16:16 sad, רעים ׳פ Gen 40:7, compare Neh 2:2; Neh 2:3, also ׳רֹעַ פ Eccl 7:8 i.e. sadness; ׳יֵּיטִב פ Prov 15:13 maketh glad the face; נָָֽפְלוּ פָנֶיךָ, Gen 4:5; Gen 4:6 why is the face fallen (in displeasure), compare 1Sam 1:18 (reading נָָֽפְלָה, נָָֽפְ לוּ, or הִפִּילָה); covered with shame Ezek 7:18, whence figurative of confusion, discomfiture Jer 51:51; Ps 69:8; Ps 83:17, etc.
b. of ׳י Exod 33:20, compare vExod 33:23.
c. פָּנִים אֶלפָּֿנִים face to face, of seeing (God) Gen 32:31, compare Judg 6:22, knowing Deut 34:10, judging Ezek 20:35, speaking Exod 33:11, and so ׳בְּפ ׳פ Deut 5:4 נִתְרֶאֶה פָנִים 2Kgs 14:8 see each other (in the) face = meet each other in battle, compare v2Kgs 14:11 = 2Chr 25:17; 2Chr 25:21.
d. of relations with ׳׃י ׳הֵרִים פ Ezra 9:6, in worship (see also נשׂא); in spiritual sense Jer 2:27; Jer 32:33 (פָּנָה אֵלַי עֹרֶף וְלֹא פָנִים); ׳לִדְרוֺשׁ י ׳נָתַן פ 2Chr 20:3 ׳נָתַן אֶתפֿ אֶלאֲֿדֹנָי Dan 9:3 הַבָּנִים קְשֵׁי פָנִים Ezek 2:4.
e. of ׳י himself, לֹא יָסִיר פָּנִיםִ מִכֶּם 2Chr 30:9 בְּעֹשֵׂי ׳פְּנֵי י רָ֑ע Ps 34:17 גַּעֲרַת פָּנֶיךָ Ps 80:17. — See further below

7. 2. a. = presence, person, of ׳י Exod 33:14; Exod 33:15, בְּפָנָיו Deut 4:37, מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו Isa 63:9 לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים, see לֶחֶם; of ׳י's angry presence Lam 4:16; Ps 21:10 of Absalom 2Sam 17:11 in weakened sense, nearly = suffix (compare נפשׁ 4 a), Prov 7:15.
b. with ראה technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence: before a man Gen 32:21 (+ 3 other uses of ׳פ), (God, with יראה pointed as Niph`al, see II 2); especially as privilege, = have access to, man of rank Gen 43:3; Gen 43:5; Gen 44:23; Gen 44:26, king Exod 10:28 (twice in verse) compare vExod 10:29 (all J), 2Sam 14:24 (twice in verse); 2Sam 14:28; 2Sam 14:32 compare 2Sam 3:13 (twice in verse); רֹאֵי פְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ 2Kgs 25:19 = Jer 52:25; Esth 1:14 implying favour of person seen, man Gen 33:10 (J), God vGen 33:10, compare Job 33:26 (Hiph`il), and, with חזה, Ps 11:7; Ps 17:15.

3. face of seraphim Isa 6:2, cherubim Exod 25:20 (twice in verse) = Exod 37:9 (twice in verse), Ezek 1:8; Ezek 1:11; 2Chr 3:13 +.

4. face of animals, פְּנֵי הַצּאֹן Gen 30:40 ׳אַרְיֵה וּפ ׳פ נֶשֶׁר ׳שׁוֺר ופ Ezek 1:10 (in descr. of cherubim), compare Ezek 10:14 אַרְיֵה ׳פ also 1Chr 12:8 (figurative), כְֿפִיר׳פ Ezek 41:19 ׳פִּתְחֵי פ Job 41:6 of crocodile.

5. face (= surface) of ground (הָאֲדָמָה) Gen 2:6; Gen 4:14; Gen 7:4; Ps 104:30 +, so הָאָרֶץ ׳פ Gen 1:29; Gen 7:3; Gen 8:9; Gen 11:4; Gen 11:8; Gen 11:9; Gen 19:28; Isa 24:1, תֵבֵל ׳פ Isa 14:21; Isa 27:6 of a field Prov 24:31 תְהוֺם ׳פ Gen 1:2 (twice in verse); Job 38:30, הַמַּיִם ׳פ Gen 7:18 רְקִיעַ הַשָּׁמַיִם׳פ Gen 1:20 כִֿסֵּה׳פ Job 26:9 i.e. of God's throne (but Bu reads כֶּסֶה fullmoon); הַלּוֺט ׳פ Job 25:7 see [ לוּט; לְבוּשׁוֺ ׳פ Job 41:5 the expanse of his [the crocodile's] coat; front (especially Ezek.), of house Ezek 41:14; Ezek 47:1, הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳פ Ezek 41:21 of gate Ezek 40:6; Ezek 40:20; Ezek 40:22; Ezek 42:15; Ezek 43:4 of chamber Ezek 40:44 (twice in verse); Ezek 40:45; Ezek 40:46 of pot (סִיר) Jer 1:13 הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳פ 2Sam 10:9 battle-front = 1Chr 19:10 (verb agrees with ׳הַמּ in gender, Ges^{«GKC:146a»§ 146a}); = van of locust-army Joel 2:20 (opposed to סֹפוֺ); front, i.e. edge, of sword Ezek 21:21, of axe Eccl 10:10 = condition, state of a thing, as denoted by its appearance; of flock Prov 27:23 הַדָּבָר ׳פ 2Sam 14:20 the appearance (situation, attitude) of the affair.

6. as adverb of location מִפָּנִים וּמֵאָחוֺר 2Sam 10:9 before and behind = ׳וְֿ ׳פ 1Chr 19:10, also Ezek 2:10; 2Chr 13:14 פְּנֵי toward Song 7:5, also in front (to the East?) of 2Chr 20:16 (see לִפְנֵי d below); לְפָנִים forward Jer 7:24 (opposed to לְאחוֺר); מִלִּפְנִים 1Kgs 6:29 see פְּנִימָה; adverb temporal לְפָנִים formerly Deut 2:12; Deut 2:20; Josh 11:10; Judg 1:10; Judg 1:11; Judg 1:13 + 12 t.; מִלְּפָנִים Isa 41:26 from beforetime (|| מֵראֹשׁ).

7. for other phrases see: אוֺר verb Hiph`il 5; אוֺר n. 10; בּוֺשׁ Hiph`il; בקשׁ Pi`el 3; בּשֶׁת 1; [הַכָּרָה]; הָדַר 2; זָעַם Niph`al; זָעַף 1; הָבַשׁ 1 a; I. חָרָה I חָוַר; חָזַק Pi`el 5; II. חלה; IV. חמר; חָפָה; טָחַן; יָעַד Hoph`al; יְשׁוּעָה 3; כּוּן Hiph`il 3; כִּפֶּר 1; כָּסָה Pi`el 1, 2; מָאוֺר; מְגַמָּה p. 169; I. מוּל; מַשּׂא; [נָבַט] Hiph`il 3; נֶגֶד 1, 2 c; נֹכַח; נָכַר Hiph`il; נָפַל 3 b, and Hiph`il 5; נָשָׂא 1 b (3); נָתַן 2 b; סָבַב Hiph`il 1 a; סָתַר Hiph`il 2; I. עֵבֶר 2; עַז, עָזַז Hiph`il; עָמַד Hiph`il 6 a; II. עֻמָּה; [צָרַב]; [קָדַם] Pi`el; שִׂים; שׁוּב Hiph`il; שִׁית; II.שָׁנָה Pi`el; תֹּפֶת. II. פְּנֵי with prepositions: —

1. אֶלפְּֿנֵי:
a. to the presence of, Exod 23:17 pregnantly יֵרָאֶה ֗֗֗ אֶלפְּֿנֵי הָאָדוֺן shall appear (coming) to the presence of (= before) ׳י (|| Exod 34:23 ׳אֶתפְּֿנֵי הָא); with יָצָא = to confront 2Chr 19:2.

b. to the front of, after a verb of motion, Lev 6:7 הַמִּזְבֵּחַ ׳הַקְרֵב אֹתָהּ ֗֗֗ אֶלפְּֿנֵ, Lev 9:5; Lev 16:2; Num 17:8; Num 20:10.
c. towards or on the front of (אֶל = עַל), Ezek 41:4; Ezek 41:12; Ezek 41:15; Ezek 41:25; Ezek 42:2; Ezek 42:3; Ezek 42:7; Ezek 42:10; Ezek 42:13; Ezek 45:7; Ezek 48:21.
d. on to the surface of, Lev 14:53 וְשִׁלַּח ֗֗֗ אֶלפְּֿנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה, Ezek 16:5.

2. אֶתפְּֿנֵי close by (II. אֵת) the face or front of: hence
a. the presence of, 1Sam 2:11 עֵלִי ׳אֶתפֿ 1Kgs 12:6 who stood שְׁלֹמֹה ׳אֶתפֿ (compare לִפְנֵי 1Kgs 10:8), Esth 1:10; Prov 17:24 pregnantly (nisi וַיַּנִּחֵם leg., ᵑ6 ᵑ7 We Dr and others) 1Sam 22:4. Specifically ׳אֶתפְּֿנֵי י Gen 19:13 (1Sam 2:17), v1Sam 2:27; 1Sam 2:18 and with נִרְאָה of the appearance of all males at the three annual חַגִּים, Exod 34:23 הָאָדֹן ׳יֵרָאֶה כָּלזְֿכוּרְךָ אֶתפֿ, vExod 34:24; Deut 16:16 (compare Dr), Deut 31:11; 1Sam 1:22 (|| ׳י ׳אלפֿ Exod 23:17); so פָּנַי alone Exod 23:15 = Exod 34:20 (לֹא יֵרָאוּ פָנַי רֵיקָם), Isa 1:22, פָנֶיךָ Ps 42:3 (according to many, Ges^Thes Di^{Exod 23:15} Che^{Isa 1:12, critical note}, the verb in all these passages was originally Qal, afterwards pointed as Niph`al to avoid the expression see the face of ׳י); אֶתפָּֿנֶיךָ in thy presence Ps 16:10; Ps 21:7; Ps 140:14.
b. in front of, Gen 33:18. הָעִיר ׳וַיִּחַן אֶתפֿ, Lev 4:6 פָרֹכֶת הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳אֶתפֿ ׳לִפְנֵי י vLev 4:17. — מֵאֵת פְּנֵי from before, see II. אֵת

4 a. 3. בִּפְנֵי: (a) in the face of, mostly in particular phrases, with hostile import: thus, with יָרַק to spit Num 12:14; Deut 25:9 התיצב to make a stand Deut 7:24; Deut 11:25, and עמד Josh 10:8, לֹא יַעֲמֹד אִישׁ בְּפָנֶיךָ Josh 21:42; Josh 23:9 עָנָה to answer (give evidence) against, Hos 5:5 וענה גאון ישׂראל בפניו, Hos 7:10; Job 16:8 וְנָקֹטוּ בִּפְנֵיהֶם = feel loathing against their own selves, Ezek 6:9, so Ezek 20:43; Ezek 36:31. (b) in front of, Ezek 42:12.

4. לִפְנֵי, properly at the face or front of, the most general word for in the presence of, before: as Gen 18:22 עֹמֵד לִפְנֵי אַבְרָהָם, Exod 4:21; Exod 11:10; 2Sam 2:14; Prov 17:18 + often; after a verb of motion, Gen 47:2 וַיַּצִּיגֵם ׳לפני פ and set them before Pharaoh, Gen 27:20 ׳כִּי הִקְרָה י לפני literally made (it) to meet before me (compare Gen 24:12), Exod 29:10; Prov 18:16 etc. In particular,
a. With the implication of
(a) under the eye or oversight of, Deut 25:2; 1Sam 3:1.
(b) under the eye and regard of, Gen 17:18 לוּ יִשְׁמָעֵאל יִחְיֶה לְפָנֶיךָ, Hos 6:2; Isa 53:2; Ps 61:8 compare Jer 30:20; Jer 31:36; Isa 66:22; Ps 102:29: also 1Sam 2:28; 2Sam 19:14.
(c) figurative for in (or into) the full (mental) view of, Gen 6:13 קֵץ כָּלבָּֿשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי is come in before me, Lam 1:22 תָּבאֹ כָלרָֿעָתָם לְפָנֶיךָ, Jonah 1:2 עָֽלְתָה לְפָנַי (compare אֶל Gen 18:21; Exod 2:23), Isa 65:6 כְּתוּבָה לְפָנָ֑י, Jer 2:22 נִכְתָּךְ לְפָנָי (compare נֶגְדִּי Isa 47:12).
(d) openly before, 1Sam 12:2 הִתְהַלֵךְ לִפְנֵי, and with collateral idea of deserving (and receiving) regard 1Sam 2:35, especially ׳לפני י Gen 17:1 and elsewhere.
(e) in presence of the moon or sun, Ps 72:5; Ps 72:17, i.e. as long as they endure.
(f) free before, at the disposal of,Gen 13:9 הֲלֹא כָלהָֿאָרֶץ לְפָנֶיךָ (compare Gen 20:15; Gen 34:10; Gen 47:6; Jer 40:4; 2Chr 14:6), 2Chr 24:51; Song 8:12.
(g) in the sight (estimation) of, Gen 7:1 thee have I seen to be just before me, Gen 10:9 a mighty hunter before ׳י, Deut 24:4 ׳י ׳תּוֺעֵבָה ל, vDeut 24:13 ׳י ׳צְדָקָה ל, 1Sam 20:1 b, אָרוּר ׳י ׳ל Josh 6:26; 1Sam 26:19, ׳י ׳לְרָצוֺן ל acceptable before ׳י, Lev 1:3 +, Ps 19:15; 2Kgs 5:1 a great man לִפְנֵי אֲדֹנָיו, Prov 14:12; Ps 143:2 ׳וַיִּיטַב ל (late synonym of earlier בְּעֵנֵי) Neh 2:5; Neh 2:6; Esth 5:14 ׳טוֺב ל Eccl 2:26; Eccl 7:26 compare also נָתַן לְרַחֲמִים לִפְנֵי, see רַחֲמִים.
(h) ׳לִפְנֵי י, specifically of acts done with a solemn sense of ׳י's presence, often, but not always, at a sanctuary: Gen 27:7 that I may eat and bless thee before ׳י, before I die, Exod 18:12 to eat bread before God, Deut 1:45 ye wept before ׳י, Deut 6:25; Deut 12:7 (to eat, so vDeut 12:18; Deut 14:23; Deut 14:26; Deut 15:20), vDeut 15:12 (rejoice, so vDeut 15:18; Deut 27:7; Isa 9:2), Josh 18:6; Josh 24:1; Judg 11:11; Judg 20:23; Judg 20:26; Judg 21:2; 1Sam 7:6; 1Sam 10:19; 1Sam 11:15; 1Sam 12:7; 1Sam 15:33; 1Sam 23:18; 2Sam 5:3; 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 21:9 and constantly in P, as Exod 16:9; Exod 16:33; Exod 16:34; Lev 1:5; Lev 1:11; Lev 3:1; Lev 3:7 etc.; of residents in Jerusalem Isa 23:18. So in ׳י ׳הָלַךְ ל 1Kgs 2:4 and elsewhere.
b. In other phrases: —
(a) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand before, i.e. wait upon, be in attendance on, Deut 1:38 and elsewhere (see עָמַד 1 e). Simil. הָיָה לִפְנֵי 1Sam 19:7 (compare 1Sam 29:8), 2Kgs 5:2 ׳עָבַד ל 2Sam 16:19.
(b) הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה לִפְנֵי to bow down before Gen 23:12; Deut 26:10; 2Kgs 18:22 and elsewhere (see below שָׁחָה; also נָפַל 3 b): so with הִתְפַּלֵּל to pray 1Sam 1:12 +; compare הלך פָני 1Kgs 12:30; 1Chr 21:30.
(c) to be smitten (נִגַּף) before a foe; see נָגַף Niph`al [contrast נוּס מִפְּנֵי: below 6 a]. So with נָפַל 1Sam 14:13 נָתַן (in helplessness or flight), especially in Deuteronomy, as Deut 1:8; Deut 1:21; Deut 7:2 (twice in verse); Deut 7:23; Josh 10:12; Josh 11:6 + (Dr^{DT lxxxii}): compare Judg 4:15; 2Sam 5:20; Isa 45:1; Jer 1:17.
(d) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand (make a stand) before (not quite so strong as בִּפְנֵי ׳ע, above 3), Exod 9:11; Judg 2:14; 2Kgs 10:4; Jer 49:19; Ps 76:8; Ps 147:17; Nah 1:6 so with הִתְיַצֵּב Deut 9:2; Josh 1:5; Job 41:2, קוּם Josh 7:12; Josh 7:13.
(e) in hostile sense (rare), יָצָא לִפְנֵי go forth to face 1Chr 14:8; 2Chr 14:9.
(f) לִפְנֵי (נָתַן) שִׂים, of food, to set or place before, Gen 18:8; Gen 24:33 +.
(g) נָתַן לִפְנֵי to set before, i.e. propound for acceptance or choice, usually of laws (especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah), Deut 4:8; Deut 11:26; Deut 11:32; Deut 30:1; Deut 30:15; Deut 30:19; 1Kgs 9:6 (D²), Jer 9:12; Jer 21:8; Jer 26:4; Jer 44:10; , compare Ezek 23:24 (place at disposal of): so with שִׂים Exod 19:7; Exod 21:1.
c. With reference to position:
(a) in front of, before, especially with verbs of motion (with which נֶגֶד is hardly used), Gen 32:21 בַּמִּנְחָה הַהֹלֶכֶת לְפָנָ֔י that goeth before me, Gen 33:14 the cattle אֲשֶׁר לְפָנַי, Exod 17:5; Exod 23:20 etc.; in the description of a march or procession, Exod 13:21; Exod 13:22; Num 10:33; Isa 52:12; Isa 58:8 +; 2Sam 3:31 and wail before Abner (before his bier); of flocks before a shepherd Gen 32:18 of captives or booty driven before a conqueror 1Sam 30:20 (read וַיִּנְהֲגוּ לְפָנָיו We Dr), Isa 8:4; Isa 40:10 = Isa 62:11 וּפְעֻלָּתוֺ לְפָנָיו his recompence (i.e. his newly-recovered people, regarded as his prize of war) before him, Amos 9:4; Lam 1:5; Lam 1:6
(b) of a leader, etc. = at the head of, Deut 10:11; Judg 9:39; 1Sam 8:20; Mic 1:13 and elsewhere; compare בא ויצא לפני (העם) Num 27:17; 1Sam 18:13; 1Sam 18:16; 2Chr 1:10; Eccl 4:16 before whom (at whose head) he was.
(c) denoting superiority, before, above, Gen 48:20 וַיָּשֶׂם אתאֿפרים לפני מנשׁה, Job 34:19.
d. Of places (not very common): Exod 14:2 before Pi-hahiroth . . ., before Baal-zephon, Num 33:7b, Gen 23:17 מַמְרֵא ׳אשׁר ל (usually ׳על פני מ: see 7 a d), 1Chr 19:7; Neh 8:1; Neh 8:3 before the temple, veil, altar, etc., Exod 16:34 + הָעֵדֻת ׳ל, Exod 30:6 + הַפָּרֹכֶת ׳ל, Exod 40:5; Exod 40:6; Num 3:38; Num 7:10 and elsewhere (all P), 1Kgs 6:21; 1Kgs 7:49 +.
e. Of time, before: Amos 1:1: לפני הָָֽ רעַשׁ before the earthquake, Gen 29:26; Gen 30:30 לְפָנַי before me (i.e. before I came to thee), Exod 10:14 לפניו לא היה כן before it there was not the like, Num 13:22; 1Kgs 16:25; 1Kgs 16:30 מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר לְפָנָיו, Isa 43:10; Isa 48:7; Prov 8:25; Job 15:7 etc. Sq. infinitive, Gen 13:10 ׳לִפְנֵי שַׁחֵת י before ׳י's destroying, etc., Gen 27:7 לִפְנֵי מוֺתִי, Gen 36:31; 1Sam 9:15 +. Once, in late Hebrew, לִפְנֵי מִזֶּה before this Neh 13:4. feminine In the manner of, like (rare and dubious), 1Sam 1:16 אַלתִּֿתֵּן אֶתאֲֿמָֽתְךָ לִפְנֵי בַתבִּֿלִיַּעַל like a worthless woman, Job 3:24 like my food, Job 4:19 they are crushed like the moth (compare Lat pro).

5. מִלִּפְנֵי₇₃ from before: —
a. from the presence of (properly, from a position before a person or object: to be distinguished from מִפְּנֵי; see 6):
(a) Gen 41:46 ׳ויצא יוסף מִלִּפְנֵי פ from before Pharaoh, Gen 47:10; 2Kgs 5:27; 2Kgs 6:32 +; ׳י ׳מל Gen 4:6 Cain went forth from before ׳י, Jonah 1:3; Jonah 1:10 specifically of the sanctuary, Lev 9:24 ׳ותצא אשׁ מלפני י (so Lev 10:2), קֶצֶף Num 17:11 (compare 2Chr 19:2), with לָקַח etc. Lev 16:12; Num 17:24; Num 20:9, 1Sam 21:7 the shew-bread that was removed from before ׳י; from before a place 1Kgs 8:54; Ezra 10:6; 2Chr 1:13,
(b) of taking, etc., from before a person, Gen 23:4 to bury my dead from before me, vGen 23:8; Exod 36:3; Deut 17:18 ׳וכתב לו מִשְׁנֵה התורה הזאת מל הכהנים from (the copy) before the priests, Deut 28:31 גָּזוּכ מלפניך.
(c) with בקשׁ Esth 4:8 [compare מִןקֳדָם Dan 2:18]; and to express the idea of proceeding from a person, Esth 1:19 [compare Dan 2:15], Eccl 10:5; 1Chr 29:12 הָעשֶׁר והכבוד מלפניך (compare Acts 3:19); Ps 17:2 מלפניך. יֵצֵא משׁפטי.
(d) of cutting off, etc., from before ׳י (compare לִפְנֵי a b, c), Lev 22:3; 1Kgs 8:25 לֹאיִֿכָּרֵת לְךָ אִישׁ, מִלְּפָנִי Jer 31:36; Jer 33:18; Isa 48:19: Ps 51:13 אַלתַּֿשְׁלִיכֵנִי מִלְּפָנְיךָ (compare 8 a); Jer 16:17 לֹא נִסְתְּרוּ מִלְּפָנַי, Jer 18:23; Neh 3:37.
(e) of expelling from before an invader, Exod 23:28; Deut 9:4; Deut 11:23; Deut 31:3 + (but much less common than מִפְּנֵי).
b. (Chiefly late) to express the source or cause, with the force of the לְ weakened, in cases where the earlier language would have used מִפְּנֵי: with verbs of fearing, 1Sam 18:12; Eccl 3:14; Eccl 8:12; Eccl 8:13; 1Chr 16:30 חִילִי מִלְּפָנָיו [|| Ps 96:9 מפניו], Ps 114:7 (twice in verse); Esth 7:6; 2Chr 32:7 ( + מפני); failing, etc., Isa 57:16; Ps 97:5 being humbled, 1Kgs 21:29 ( + מפני), 2Chr 32:12; 2Chr 32:23; 2Chr 34:27 [|| 2Kgs 22:19 מפני], 2Kgs 36:12 crying for help 1Sam 8:18 [compare מפני Exod 3:7], singing 1Chr 16:33 [|| Ps 96:13 לפני], fleeing 1Chr 19:18 [|| 2Sam 10:18 מִפְּנֵי].
c. of time, once, = לִפְנֵי Eccl 1:10. — With the later usages of ׳מל, compare מִן קֳדָם in Biblical Aramaic and ᵑ7 (Dr Sm^{lxx-lxxi, lxxiii}); see also Kö^{ii. 320.}

6. מִפְּנֵי from the face or presence of, from before, Exod 14:19 וַיִּסַּע עמוד הענן מִפְּנֵיהֶם removecl from before them, Isa 30:11; Hos 11:2 so
a. (often with suggestion of causation (see מִן 2 d, e, f), because of, for fear of [so AV RV Judg 9:21; 1Sam 21:11; 1Sam 23:26; (twice in verse); Jer 37:11; Jer 41:9; Jer 50:16]) after verbs of hiding Gen 3:8; Gen 4:14; Isa 2:10 (compare vIsa 2:19 vIsa 2:21); and especially of escaping, Judg 9:21 (Thes 'bene ᵑ9 ob metum A.'), 1Sam 18:11; 1Sam 19:10; 1Sam 23:26, or fleeing, Exod 4:3; Exod 14:25; 1Sam 17:24 + often (see בָּרַךְ and נוּס), and expelling, destroying, etc. Exod 23:30 אֲגָָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ I will expel them from before thee, Exod 34:11; Exod 34:24 אוֺרִישׁ גּוֺיִם מִפָּנֶיךָ (see הוֺרִישׁ), Lev 18:24; Deut 8:20; Amos 2:9; Ps 89:24 + often (as though clearing the way for Israel, for Israel's sake: compare Isa 63:12 בּוֺקֵעַ מַיִס מִפְּנֵיהֶם, Josh 2:10; Josh 4:23). Pregn. Isa 17:9 ׳כַּעֲזוּבַת ֗֗֗ אשׁר עזבו מפני בני ישׂר which they forsook (fleeing) from before, etc.
b. implying causation more distinctly. Ps 9:4 יאבדו מפניך perish from before thee or at the presence, Deut 7:20: very often with verbs of fearing, as גור, יגר, חיל, ירא, ערץ, פחד, קוץ Exod 9:30; Num 22:3 (twice in verse); Deut 1:17; Jer 5:22 etc. (mostly when the object inspiring fear is a person: when it is a thing, מִן alone is preferred; but see Deut 5:5; Deut 9:19); of being alarmed or dismayed Gen 45:3; Josh 2:9; Jer 1:17; Job 23:15, etc.; of humbling oneself Exod 10:3; Judg 11:33 +; with other words, to indicate the external ground of an action or effect, as הַס מִפָּנָיו be silent at (i.e. because of) his presence Zeph 1:7; Hab 2:20; Judg 5:5 the mountains flowed ׳מפני י at the presence of ׳י, Isa 63:19; Jer 4:26; Nah 1:5; Ps 68:3 as wax melteth מפני אשׁ; Deut 20:19; Isa 19:1; Isa 26:17 כן היינו מפניך so were we through thy presence (more than לפניך, — implying that their state was due to ׳י); קום מפני to rise up at the presence of Gen 31:35; Lev 19:32. (

N.B. In a, b, frequently rendered before in AV RV, and so confused with לפני; but the מִן retains always its full force in the Hebrew)
c. of the cause, whether nearer or more remote:
(a) Gen 6:13 מָֽלְאָה הָאָרֶץ חָמָס מִפְּנֵיהֶם because of them (i.e. occasioned by them), Gen 27:4 I loathe my life because of the daughters of Heth, Gen 36:7 the land could not support them because of their cattle, Gen 41:31; Gen 47:13; Exod 3:7 their cry by reason of their taskmasters, Exod 8:20 תִּשָּׁחֵת הָאָרֶץ מִפְּנֵי הֶעָרֹב, Exod 9:11; Josh 2:11; Josh 23:3; Judg 2:18; Judg 6:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 8:11 + often; Isa 10:27 (RVm), Jer 15:17; Ps 38:4; Ps 38:6, etc.; Jer 4:4 + מִפְּנֵי רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם by reason of the evil of your doings, Jer 7:12; Jer 9:6; Jer 13:17; Jer 14:16; Jer 23:9 + often
(b) stating the reason for which a thing is not done (Latin prae,), 1Kgs 8:11; Job 37:19.
(c) with אֲשֶׁר as a conjunction, twice, because that, Exod 19:18; Jer 44:23. — Num 33:8 see פִּי הַחִירֹת.

7. עַלפְּֿנֵי (compare Phoenician עַל פְּנֵ, עלת פְּנֵ, Lzb³⁵²) has different meanings according to the different senses of the noun and the preposition: —
a. From the sense of face or front:
(a) in front of (more definite and distinct than לפני): Ps 18:43 as dust before the wind (compare לפני Ps 35:5; Ps 83:14 +), Gen 32:22 the present passed on עלפֿניו in front of him, Exod 33:19 אעביר כלטֿוּבי עלפֿניך,2Sam 15:18; 2Sam 15:23 (read עלפֿניו: see Dr), Job 4:15 = in the sight of, Lev 10:3 ועלפֿני כל העם אֶכָּבֵד, Jer 6:7 עַלפָּֿנַי תָּמִיד חֳלִי וּמַכָּה, Jer 13:26 (compare Nah 3:5), Ps 9:20 יִשָּֽׁפְטוּ גוים עלפֿניך before thee: defiantly, Job 1:11 אםלֿא עלֿ פניך יְבָֽרְכֶךָּ will renounce thee to thy face, Job 6:28 ועלפֿניכם אם אֲכַוֵּב, Job 21:31 to die in the presence of any one ( = in his lifetime) Gen 11:28; Num 3:4.
(b) before, to the exclusion of another, i.e. in preference to, Deut 21:16, and perhaps(Ew^{§ 217} l) Exod 20:3 (Deut 5:7) לא יהיה לך אלהים אחרים עלפֿני (Thes and others as c).
(c) in addition to, Job 16:14 פֶּרֶץעַלפְּֿנֵיפֶֿרֶץ יִפְרְצֵנִי.
(d) of localities, in front of, mostly (but not always: see GFM^{Ju., p. 351}) = east of, 1Kgs 6:3 the porch in front of, etc., v1Kgs 6:3; 1Kgs 7:6; 1Kgs 8:8; 2Chr 3:17; Ezek 42:8; Gen 16:12 עלפֿני כלאֿחיו ישׁכן (compare Gen 25:18 b), perhaps (Di and others) with collateral idea of defiance; מַמְרֵא ׳עַלפֿ Gen 23:19 (Gen 50:13), Exod 16:14 often in אשׁר עלפֿני ֗֗֗ Gen 25:9 (Gen 49:30), מצרים vGen 49:18 a (Josh 13:3; 1Sam 15:7), Num 21:11; Num 33:7 a, ירחו Deut 32:49 (Deut 34:1), Josh 13:3; Josh 13:25; Josh 15:8 (Josh 18:16), Josh 17:7; Josh 18:14; Josh 19:11; Judg 16:3; 1Sam 24:3 (probably), 1Sam 26:1; 1Sam 26:3; 2Sam 2:24; 1Kgs 11:7 (the Mt. of Olives, east of Jews.; so 2Kgs 23:13; Zech 14:4), Zech 17:3; Zech 17:5. — Gen 1:20 let fowl fly עלפֿני רקיע השׁמים in front of the firmament of heaven, namely as looked up to from below, i.e. between the firmament and the earth. (ε) with verbs implying direction, over towardas, Gen 18:16 וישׁקף עלפֿני סדם, Gen 19:28; Num 21:20 (Num 23:28) נשׁקפה עלפֿני הישׁימן overlooking; to sprinkle against the front of Lev 16:14 in a hostile sense (rare), Nah 2:2 עָלָה מֵפִיץ עַלפָּֿנַיִךְ, Ps 21:13; Ezek 32:10.

b. From the sense of surface, Gen 1:2 עלפֿני תהום upon the face of the deep, Exod 16:14 ׳המדבר עלפֿ: often in the phrases עלפֿני (כל) הארץ Gen 1:29; Gen 7:3 +, and (more frequently) עלפֿני האדמה on the face of the ground Gen 6:1; Gen 7:23 etc.; על פני השׂדה Lev 17:5; Num 19:16; 1Sam 14:25 +; after verbs of motion, 1Sam 11:4 lest we be scattered over the face of all the earth, v1Sam 11:8 v1Sam 11:9; Exod 32:20; Lev 14:7 (Lev 14:53 אל), Isa 18:2; Isa 19:8; Amos 5:8; Ezek 32:4; Job 5:10 +.

8. מֵעַלפְּֿנֵי
a. from before the face of, Gen 23:3 Abraham rose up מֵעַל פְּנֵי מֵתוֺ from before his dead, i.e. from mourning before or beside it; Psalms (פניו) מֵעַל פני from before my (his) face, often in Kings & Jeremiah of the rejection of Israel or the temple, as with שִׁלַּת 1Kgs 9:7 (|| 2Chr 7:20 השׁליך), Jer 15:1, השׁליד 2Kgs 13:23; 2Kgs 24:20 (Jer 52:3), Jer 7:15, נטשׁ Jer 23:39, הסיר 2Kgs 17:18; 2Kgs 17:23; 2Kgs 23:27; 2Kgs 24:3; Jer 32:31.
b. from of the surface of, often in the phrase מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה, with verbs of cutting off, removing, expelling, etc., Psalms; Gen 4:14; Gen 6:7; Gen 7:4; Gen 8:8; Exod 32:12; Deut 6:15; 1Sam 20:15; 1Kgs 9:7; 1Kgs 13:34; Amos 9:8; Jer 28:16; Zeph 1:2; Zeph 1:3.

BDB6683 H3942 H6440

לִפְנָ֑י 1Kgs 6:17, Ew^{§ 164 a} Ke as adjective, anterior, but read, with ᵐ5, לִפְנֵי הַדְּבִיד Th Sta Kit and others

before, face, presence, because, faces, …

pānîm

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)

face

face, faces

before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before

in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of

עַמִּ ֔י

עַמִּ

Root word people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

֔י

Suffix — pronoun my / me

Dictionary form: עַם · am

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: thee as my people

the people ×572 people ×220 of the people ×150 my people ×113 and the people ×110 his people ×78 thy people ×58 of my people ×50

More options

people — Most versatile rendering; fits collective and singular contexts.

nation — Emphasizes ethnic or political identity as a unified group.

community — Highlights shared belonging; good for social or covenant contexts.

population — Neutral, demographic tone; useful for census or mass-movement passages.

folk — Informal, grassroots feel; suits ordinary or rural settings.

crowd — Best for gathered assemblies rather than an ongoing social group.

BDB6144 H5971 H5993

I. עַם, עָם₁₈₄₀ noun masculine^{Gen 11:6} (see below) people (Late Hebrew id., plebeian, common man; ᵑ7 עַמָּא people, plural peoples, tribes, etc.; Syriac ; Arabic see above; original meaning probably those united, connected, related, compare We^{GGN 1893, 480}); — absolute עַם Gen 11:6 +, עָם Judg 9:36 +, הָעָם Josh 8:11 +; construct עַם Num 21:29 +; suffix עַמִּי Exod 3:7 +, עַמְּךָ Exod 22:27 +, etc.; plural עַמִּים Isa 2:3 +, עֲמָמִים (compare Biblical Aramaic) Neh 9:22 construct עַמֵּי 1Kgs 8:43 +, עַמְמֵי Neh 9:24 plural with suffix see II. עַם; — (Thes cites following as feminine וְחָטָאת עַמֶּ֑ךָ Exod 5:16 [but corrupt and unintellig.; read perhaps ׳וְחַטָאתָ לְע, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Di]; Judg 18:7 [but ישֶׁבֶת must agree with lost word city, or the like, see GFM]; Jer 8:5 [but read שׁוֺבַב for שׁוֺבְבָה Gie]); —

1. a people, nation (sometimes || גּוֺי), collective noun (singular Exod 21:8; Josh 17:14; Josh 17:15; Josh 17:17; 2Sam 17:29 + often, or plural Exod 20:15; Exod 24:2; Jer 5:31 + often, or both in same clause Exod 1:20; 2Sam 13:24): עַם אֶחָד = all mankind Gen 11:6 (J); peoples in general Gen 27:29 (J; || לְאֻמִּים), Exod 19:5 (E), Deut 2:25; Deut 4:6 + often Deuteronomy; Neh 13:24 + often; קְהַל עַמִּים Gen 28:3 (P) an assembly (multitude) of peoples, Gen 48:4 (P), Ezek 23:24; Ezek 32:3 (+ רַבִּים); one's own people Jer 46:16; Ps 45:11; Ruth 1:10; Ruth 1:15; Ruth 1:16 (twice in verse) + (on עַמִּי נָדִיב Song 6:12 see especially Bu); particular peoples, Egypt Gen 41:40 (E), Exod 1:22 (E), Neh 9:10 +; עַםאֲֿרָם Amos 1:5 עַםכְּֿמוֺשׁ (i.e. Moab) Num 21:29 (JE), Jer 48:46 but especially Israel Exod 1:20 (E) + often; ׳עַםבְּֿנֵי יִשׂ vExod 1:9 (J); called יהוה ׳ע Num 11:29 (E), 1Sam 2:24 +, and (by ׳י) עַמִּי Exod 3:7; Exod 5:1 (J) + often (all periods); קְהַל עַםהָֿאֱלֹהִים Judg 20:2, עַםהַֿקָּהָל Lev 16:33 (P), קְהַל עָם Ps 107:32 especially הָעָם הַזֶּה (often in contempt or disgust) Num 11:1; Num 11:12; Num 11:13 +; figurative of ants Prov 30:25, the shaphan vProv 30:26, locusts Joel 2:2, compare לְעַם לְצִיִּים Ps 74:14 (where read לְעַם צִיִּים Hup-Now). — On Judg 1:16 see עֲמָלֵקִי.

2. = smaller units, e.g.
a. inhabitants of a city Gen 19:4 (J), 1Sam 9:12; 1Sam 9:13; Jer 29:16; Jer 29:25; 2Chr 31:4 + (Jer 8:5 strike out ׳יְרוּוּשׁ ᵐ5 Gie Co Rothst).
b. inhabitants of a locality Jer 37:12 [apparently not = tribe, Deut 33:3 read עַמּוֺ ᵐ5 Di Dr, Hos 10:14; Judg 5:8; Judg 5:14 read בְּעָרֶיךָ We Now; see below ד].
c. retainers, followers Gen 14:16; Gen 32:8; Gen 33:15; Gen 35:6; Judg 3:18; Judg 8:5; 2Sam 15:17; Jer 41:13; Jer 41:14 +.
d. people bearing arms 1Sam 11:11; 1Kgs 20:10 +; כָּבֵד ׳ע Num 20:20 (JE), i.e. a powerful force; עַם הַצָּבָא Num 31:32 (P), הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳ע Josh 8:1; Josh 8:3; Josh 8:11; Josh 10:7; Josh 11:7 (all J E); so probably Judg 5:8 a (fighting) band; perhaps also vJudg 5:14 (read singular ? see GFM Bu).

3. = common people Jer 21:7; Jer 22:4; Lev 4:27 (opposed to ruler vLev 4:22), Neh 5:1 (opposed to יְהוּדִים), Neh 7:5 (opposed to rulers).

4. people in general, persons Gen 50:20 (E), so apparently ׳כָּלהָֿעָם אֲשֶׁר וגו Exod 33:16 (J), Num 11:34 (J), Josh 5:5 (twice in verse) (D), Judg 9:36 (as singular), vJudg 9:37 (as plural), Jer 36:9 persons labouring 1Kgs 9:23 superior persons Job 12:2 (iron.); עַם עוֺלָם Ezek 26:30 people of long ago (now in Sh®°ôl).

5. phrases are:
a. (עַמָּהּ, עַמִּי, עַמְּךָ) בְּנֵי עַמּוֺ members of one's people, compatriots, fellow-countrymen, etc. Num 22:5 (E), Gen 23:11 (P) Lev 19:18 (H), Judg 14:16; Judg 14:17; Ezek 33:2; Ezek 33:12 +.
b. בְּנֵי הָעָם = common people (see 3) 2Kgs 23:6; Jer 26:23 +; people in general שַׁעַר בְּנֵי הָעָם Jer 17:19 i.e. public gate 2Chr 35:5; 2Chr 35:12.
c. עַם הָאָרֶץ the people at large, as a body 2Kgs 11:14; 2Kgs 11:18; 2Kgs 11:19; 2Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 16:15; 2Kgs 21:24 (twice in verse) +, Jer 37:2; Jer 44:21; Lev 20:2 (H), Gen 23:7; Gen 23:12; Gen 23:13 (P); common people Jer 34:19, compare ׳הא ׳דַּלַּת ע 2Kgs 24:14 distinguished from prince Ezek 45:22; Ezek 46:3; Ezek 46:9, from priests Hag 2:4; Zech 7:5 = Canaanites Num 14:9 (JE), compare עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ 1Chr 5:25 mixed post-exile population Ezra 4:4.
d. עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ usually peoples of the earth Josh 4:24 (D), 2Chr 32:19 +; of heathen peoples about and in Palestine after exile Ezra 10:2; Ezra 10:11 traders Neh 10:31 עַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֺת Neh 9:30; Neh 10:29; 2Chr 32:13.
e. מִשְׁפְּחוֺת עַמִּים Ps 96:7 = 1Chr 16:28 (compare Ps 22:28). feminine בַּתעַֿמִּי = people personified Isa 22:4; Jer 4:11 + 7 t. Jeremiah + Jer 6:14 (van d. H.; omit בַּת Baer Gi), Lam 2:11; Lam 3:48; Lam 4:3; Lam 4:6; Lam 4:10 בְּתוּלַת בַּתעַֿמִּי Jer 14:17.
g. designations of Israel are: עַםקָֿרוֺשׁ Deut 7:6 + 3 t., קְדוֺשִׁים ׳ע Dan 8:24, (ה)קֹדֶשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:12; Isa 63:18; Dan 12:7 סְגֻלָּה ׳ע Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2; Deut 26:18.
h. of foreign (non-Israel) peoples: ׳ע נָכְרִי Exod 21:8 (E), אַחֵר ׳ע Deut 28:32, and especially from language, עִמְקֵי שָׂפָה ׳ע Ezek 3:5 compare vEzek 3:6, כִּלְשׁוֺן עַם וָעָם Neh 13:24 compare Esth 1:22 (twice in verse); Esth 3:12, לֹעֵג ׳ע Ps 114:1.
i. עַם עֶבְרָתִי Isa 10:6, חֶרְמִי ׳ע Isa 34:11, מִֿבְחָרָיו׳ע Dan 11:15, עַמֵּי תּוֺעֵבוֺת הָאֵלֶּה Ezra 9:14 לֹא עַם בִּינוֺת Isa 27:11. — For עַםעֿוֺלָם Isa 44:7 read (אֹתִיּוֺת) (מִי הִשְׁמִי)עַ מֵעוֺלָם Oort Du Kit Che^Hpt compare Perles^{Anal. 40, 64}.

BDB6147 H5971

II. [עַם] noun [masculine] kinsman

**later development of I. עַם RS^{K 58; 2nd ed. 72}. (on father's side) (Arabic paternal uncle, etc., see I. עמם; compare perhaps Tel Amarna ammu, kinsmen (?); on Nabataean עם ancestor compare Lzb^{151, 499}; see also especially Nes^{Eg 187, ZAW xvi (1896), 322f.} Krenkel^{ib. viii (1888), 280-84}); — suffix עַמִּי in בֶּןעַֿמִּי (q. v.), and proper name following; elsewhere plural suffix עַמֶּיךָ Num 27:13; Num 31:2 (Lev 19:16 read עַמְּךָ ᵐ5 ⅏), + (possibly) עֲמָָמֶיךָ Judg 5:14 עַמָּיו Gen 25:8 + 15 t., עַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:14 + 3 t.; read עַמֶּי (for ᵑ0 עַמִּי, I. עַם; compare Krenkel^{l.c. 281}) Gen 49:29 and perhaps Judg 14:3 (compare Lev 21:14); according to Buhl Kit also 2Kgs 4:13 — father's kinsmen: וַיֵּאָסֵף אֶלעַֿמָּיו Gen 25:8 (of joining kinsmen in Sh®°ôl), so vGen 25:17; Gen 35:29; Gen 49:33; Num 20:24; Deut 32:50, compare Gen 49:29 (see above), Num 27:13; Num 31:2; Deut 32:50 (all P); וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ מֵעַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:4 (severed from living kinsmen), so Lev 7:20; Lev 7:21; Lev 7:23; Lev 7:27; Lev 19:8; Lev 23:29; Num 9:13, מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Exod 31:14, compare Exod 30:33; Exod 30:38; Lev 17:9 (all PH); מֵעַמָּיו יִקַּח אִשָּׁה Lev 21:14 (H), and perhaps Judg 14:3 (simile I. עַם: [םָ֯, הָּ֯] מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֺ Lev 17:4; Lev 17:10; Lev 18:29+); other combinations Judg 5:14 (si vera lectio read perhaps בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ, see I. עַם 2 d ), Lev 21:1; Lev 21:4; Lev 21:15 (H), Ezek 18:18 and (perhaps) 2Kgs 4:13. — בֶּןעַֿמִּי perhaps = son of my kinsman; on proper name with עַם see Gray^{Prop. N. 41 ff}.

BDB9776 H5971 H5972

עַם noun masculine^{Ezra 6:12} people (see Biblical Hebrew I. עמם, עַם); — ׳ע absolute Dan 2:44; Dan 3:29; Ezra 6:12, construct Dan 7:27 emphatic עַמָּה Ezra 5:12, עַמָּא Ezra 7:13; Ezra 7:16; Ezra 7:25 plural emphatic עַמֲמַיָּא (K^{§§ 15d}); 55, 5 a)) Dan 3:4; Dan 3:7 (twice in verse); Dan 3:31; Dan 5:19; Dan 6:26; Dan 7:14.

people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

ʿam

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

nation, people

people, nation

וְ שָֽׁמְעוּ֙

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

שָֽׁמְעוּ֙

Root word heard, hear, hearken, hearkened, obey, …

Dictionary form: שָׁמַע · shaw-MA

Verb — Qal, Sequential Perfect (Weqatal), third person plural simple action — "he did" carries the story forward — try "and he will ___" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: and they hear

hear ×182 heard ×140 hearken ×67 hearkened ×35 and hear ×28 obey ×18 to hear ×18 i have heard ×17

More options

hear — Most natural default; covers auditory perception broadly.

listen — Implies attentiveness; prefer when active attention is stressed.

obey — Use when compliance or submission to a command is in view.

heed — Blends listening and obeying; good for warnings or instructions.

pay attention — Emphatic register; suits solemn or urgent calls to listen.

understand — Use when comprehension, not just audition, is the focus.

BDB8819 H8085

שָׁמַע₁₁₅₉ verb hear (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician שמע Lzb³⁷⁸; Assyrian šemû; Arabic ; Sabean סמע mostly in derivatives, especially epithet of divinity סמע he who hears Hom^{Chr 124} Fell^{ZMG liv (1900), 250, 252} DHM^{Hofmus. No. 10, 1. 1}; Ethiopic Aramaic שְׁמַע, , Old Aramaic שמע Lzb³⁷⁸; compare also משמעת MI²⁸ obedience); —

Qal₁₀₅₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Gen 24:52 +, שָׁמֵ֑עַ Jer 36:13 + 3 t.; 2 feminine singular שָׁמַ֫עַתְּ 1Kgs 1:11 + 2 t.; 3 plural שָׁמֵ֑עוּ Judg 2:17 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמַע Exod 6:30 +, 1 singular cohortative אֶשְׁמְעָה Num 9:8, וָאֶשְׁמְָעָה (on ְָ֯ compare Ges^{«GKC:10h»§ 10h}; Ol^{§ 65 c question} reading) Dan 8:13 2 masculine plural תִּשְׁמְע֔וּן Deut 8:20 +, תִּשְׁמָע֔וּן Deut 1:17, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁמַע Amos 7:16 +, שִׁמְעָךְ Job 32:10 + (especially Psalms), שְׁמָ֨עָךְ֨ Dan 9:19 feminine plural שְׁמַעְנָה Isa 32:9; Jer 9:19, שְׁמַ֫עַן Gen 4:23 (Ges^{«GKC:46f»§ 46f}), etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁמוֺעַ Isa 6:9 +; construct שְׁמֹעַ 1Sam 15:22 +; suffix שָׁמְעו Deut 29:18 +, שָׁמְעָתוֺ Isa 30:19 (Gen 18:10 + etc.; —

1. subject human person (or thing personified):
a. hear (perceive by ear), accusative of thing, especially קוֺל Gen 3:10 (J) + 46 t., דבר(יםׅ Amos 8:11 + 50 t., etc.; accusative חָכְמָה i.e. wise sayings 1Kgs 5:14 + 4 t.; so any utterance or sound (approximately 150 t. in all) + (object omitted) Deut 4:33 + 32 t. + (temporal clause) 1Sam 14:27 + 6 t.; very rarely with ב, ׳בְּסוֺד י ׳שׁ Job 15:8 with object clause, ׳כִּ Exod 4:31 + 52 t. + Isa 39:1b (read ׳כִּי שׁ ᵐ5 ᵑ7 || 2Kgs 20:12), אֶתאֲֿשֶׁר Josh 2:10; Josh 5:1 (both R^D), מַהֹֿ֯ Judg 7:11 +3 t.; without connect. אֹתָהּ ׳שׁ עָשִׂיתִי 2Kgs 19:25 = Isa 37:26 singular oratio recta [direct speech] Isa 40:28; Zech 8:23.
b. accusative of person + מְדַבֵּר hear one speaking Gen 27:6 (J), Jer 26:7; Dan 8:13, so בֹּכֶה Num 11:10 (J), נִבָּא Jer 20:1 מְקַלְלֶ֑ךָ Eccl 7:21 occas. pears. omitted, דֹּבְרִים Gen 37:17 (JE), אֶתמִֿדַּבֵּר Ezek 2:2; Ezek 43:6 (see דבר Hithpa`el); accusative of person only Dan 12:7.
c. with לֵאמֹר only, hear say = hear it said, 1Sam 13:4; 2Sam 19:3; Deut 13:13; Josh 22:11 (P), 1Kgs 16:16 + עַל person concerning Gen 41:15 (E), Isa 37:9 אֶל person id. 2Kgs 19:9.
d. hear of, concerning: (1) accusative of thing, אֵת(כָּלֿ)אֲשֶׁר Exod 18:1; 2Kgs 19:11 + 5 t., דבר(יםׅ 1Sam 3:11 + 4 t., רָעָה Jer 19:3 + 5 t., etc.; כַּאֲשֶׁר 1Sam 23:11; Ps 48:9, כָּואֹת Isa 66:8 hear of anything like this, כָּאֵלֶּךְ Jer 18:13 accusative, etc., omitted Judg 9:46 + 43 t.; (2) less often accusative of person Job 42:5, אֶל person Ezek 19:4, person omitted Deut 9:2 with ב person hear exultantly of their fate Ps 92:12 (probably imitated from || הִכִּיט בְּ v^a; see especially ראךְ 8 a (6)).
e. hear, absolute, = have power to hear, 2Sam 19:36 (with בְּקוֺל ), Isa 21:3; Isa 32:3; Prov 20:12; Zech 7:11 in simile Ps 38:15 with negative of idols Deut 4:28; Ps 115:6 figurative (spiritual power) Jer 5:21; Deut 29:8; Ezek 12:2; Isa 42:20. — Prov 21:28 is probably corrupt, see Toy. feminine hear with attention, interest, listen to (sometimes || חֶאֱןין), חִקְשִׁיב accusative דבר(יםׅ (54 t.) Amos 4:1 +, especially ׳דבר(י) י Num 12:6 (JE) + 45 t.; אִמְרָה Isa 28:23, קוֺל vIsa 28:23, זאֹת Mic 3:9, etc.; often absolute Judg 5:3 + 57 t., + (negative) Ps 38:14 pay no attention; absolute לֵב שֹׁמֵעַ 1Kgs 3:9, אִישׁ שֹׁטֵעַ Prov 21:28.
g. understand (language), שָׂפָחךְ Gen 11:7 (J), Isa 33:19, לָשׁוֺן Deut 28:49, דְּבָרִין Ezek 3:6, מַהיְּֿדַבֵּר Jer 5:15, no accusative Gen 42:23 (E), 2Kgs 18:26 = Isa 36:11.
h. specif of hearing a (judicial) casre, דָּבָר Deut 1:17, compare vDeut 1:17 accusative omitted בֵּין person vDeut 1:16, of ׳י Judg 11:10 with מִשְׁפָּט 1Kgs 3:11 הִטּוֺב וְהָרֵע ׳לשׁ 2Sam 14:17, וְשֹׁמֵע אֵין לְךָ 2Sam 15:3, compare Job 31:35.
i. with accusative of person in polite address, hear us (me)! Gen 23:6; Gen 23:8; Gen 23:11; Gen 23:13; Gen 23:15 (all P), 1Chr 28:2; 2Chr 13:4; 2Chr 15:2; 2Chr 20:20
j. listen, give heed (sometimes || הִקְשִׁיב), absolute, Gen 42:21 (E) + 18: t., + (usually || הִטָּה אֹ׃ון), Jer 7:13 + 14 t. Jeremiah, + (opposed to חָדַל) Ezek 2:5 + 3 t. Ezekiel; + שִׂים עַללֵֿב Mal 2:2 hear + do Deut 5:24; 2Kgs 18:12, etc.; = consent, agree, Gen 37:27 (J), grant request Judg 11:17 with ל person (mostly late) Judg 19:25; 1Sam 30:24; Job 15:17 + 16 t., ׳לי Hos 9:17; Lev 26:14; Lev 26:18; Lev 26:21; Lev 26:27 ׳לְדִבְרֵי י 1Sam 15:1, לְעֵצָה Prov 12:15.
k. with אֶל person + listen to, yield to Gen 49:2; Judg 2:17 + 69 t. (׳אֶליֿ 15 t., especially Jer 7:26 + 10 t. Jeremiah), עַל person 2Kgs 20:13 אֶלדִּֿבְרֵי etc., Deut 18:19; Jer 29:10 + 14 t., עַלדִּֿבְרֵי etc., 2Kgs 22:13 + 3 t.; very rarely accusative of thing 1Sam 24:10 (Gi v.1Sam 24:9).

1. לְקוֺל ׳שׁ = id., obey, Gen 3:17 (J) + 11 t. + (׳לְקוֺל י) Judg 2:20; Exod 15:26 (JE). masculine very often, בְּקוֺל ׳שׁ = obey 1Sam 8:7 + 25 t., + ׳שׁ ׳בְּקוֺל י (׳י's word, etc.) Deut 4:30; Jer 3:13 + 65 t. (Deut 18 t., Jer 18 t.). noun obey, with accusative דבר(יםׅ Josh 1:18 + 2 t. + (׳י ׳ד) Jer 11:3 + 5 t. Jeremiah; 1Kgs 12:24 = 2Chr 11:4, etc.; accusative of person Exod 6:12 (P), 2Chr 28:11.
o. absolutebe obedient (especially to ׳י) Isa 1:19; Mic 5:14; Jer 12:17 + 4 t. Jeremiah + 7 t.

2. ׳י (God) subject:
a. accusative קוֺל, דברים, etc., Gen 21:17 (E), 2Kgs 19:4 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 19:16, usually with favour implied Num 20:16; Deut 33:7 +, so especially accusative תְּפִלָּה, תְּחנָּה, etc., 1Kgs 8:45; Ps 6:10 +.
b. object clause כִּי Gen 29:33 (J).
c. no object (32 t.) Isa 59:2; Jer 22:21, usually hear and foregive, help, etc 1Kgs 8:30; 1Kgs 8:32; Isa 30:19 +; hear be angry Ps 78:59, compare Ps 55:20.
d. = be able to hear Isa 59:1; Ps 94:9.
e. בְּקוֺל ׳שׁ = hear (and grant) Gen 30:6 (J) + 6 t. femininehear and answer, with אֶל of city, etc., Gen 21:7; Gen 16:11; 1Kgs 8:28 + 8 t.; with אֶל person Deut 3:36 + 12 t.
g. with לְ of utterance Jer 18:19; Ps 61:6 ל person Josh 24:10 (E).
h. hear, accusative of person + מִתְנוֺדֵד Jer 31:18 favourably, with accusative of person Mic 7:7 + 3 t., so, + ל concerning, Gen 17:20 (P); object omitted 2Kgs 22:19; Ps 22:23 + 3 t. + Ps 34:7; Ps 34:18 (hear and deliver); with temporal clause Jer 11:14 Niph`al₄₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁמַע Gen 45:16 +, etc; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁמַע Exod 23:13 +, יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ 1Sam 1:13, etc.; Infinitive construct הִשָּׁמַל Esth 2:8 Participle feminine נִשְׁמַ֫עַת Jer 51:46, etc.; —

1. be heard, of voice, sound, etc., 1Sam 1:13; 1Kgs 6:7; Job 26:14 (or 1 plural Qal Imperfect?); of a resort, ֗֗֗ לֵאמֹר ׳נִשׁ Gen 45:16 (E); subject clause, ׳כִּ, Neh 6:1 (ל person), compare clauseוְהַיְהוּדִים חשְׁבִים Neh 6:6 vNeh 6:7 be reported, כַּדְּבָרִיס הָאֵלֶּה (לַמֶּלֶחׅ); be heard, לִפְנֵי אֱםהֶיךָ Dan 10:12.

2. be heard of, כָּמֹהוּ Deut 4:32.

3. be regarded, obeyed, Eccl 9:17 in 2Sam 22:45 = Ps 18:45 it is be obedient (לִיׅ, si vera lectio (read perhaps Qal. compare Now).

4. בְּקוֺלָם ׳וַיִישּׁ 2Chr 30:27 = (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice Pi`el Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיְשַׁמַּע 1Sam 15:4 he caused the people (accusative) to hear and respond, i.e. he assembled them), so 1Sam 23:8 (see Hiph`il 1 c). Hiph`il₆₃ Perfect 3 masculine singular הִשְׁמִיעַ 1Kgs 15:22 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַשְׁמִעֵנִי Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13 2 masculine singular jussive תַּשְׁמַע Judg 18:23, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הִשְׁמִיעֵנִי Ps 143:8 feminine singular suffix הַשְׁמִיעִנִי Song 2:14; Song 8:13, etc.; Infinitive construct לַשְׁמִעַ Ps 26:7 (Ges^{«GKC:53q»§ 53q}); Participle מַשְׁמִיעַ Jer 4:15 +, etc.; —

1. of man:
a. cause to hear accusative of person + of thing Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13; Song 2:14; Song 8:13 + 4 t.; object of thing omitted (= make proclamation to) 1Kgs 15:22 object person omitted Jer 5:20 +; accusative שָׁלוֺם Isa 52:7; Nah 2:1 i.e. proclaimpeace; אָוֶֺן Jer 4:15 (מִן local); קוֺל ׳הַשׁ utter a sound Josh 6:10 (J; || הֵרִיעַ), compare Judg 18:25 (קוֺלְךָ, + עִמָּנוּ), Isa 42:2; Isa 58:4 קוֺל תְּהִלָּתוֺ ׳הִשׁ Ps 66:8 בְּקוֺל תּוֺדָה Ps 26:7.
b. absolute as musical term, sound aloud, בִּמְצִלְתַּיִם לְהִשְׁמִיעַ 1Chr 15:19 (perhaps to mark the time, Gr^{Ps 67} De compare 1Chr 16:5 also Ps 150:5 בְּצִלְצְלֵי שָׁ֑מַע), מַשְׁמִיעִים 1Chr 15:16; 1Chr 15:28; 1Chr 16:42, קוֺל אֶחָד ׳לְהַשׁ 2Chr 5:13 i.e. probably in unison (Prince^{EB iii, 3241}), Neh 12:42.
c. absolute make proclamation (often || הִגִּיד), Amos 3:9; Amos 4:5; Isa 41:26; Jer 4:5 + 6 t. Jeremiah
d. הַשְׁמִיעוּ, accusative of person + אֶל location = summon Jer 50:29, עַל location Jer 51:27 (compare Pi`el).

2. ׳י subject:
a. cause to hear, accusative of person and thing Deut 4:10; Deut 4:36 (מִן local), 2Kgs 7:6 + 4 t.; accusative of person omitted Isa 30:30 + 3 t.; accusative of thing omitted Isa 44:8; Isa 48:5.
b. = tell, accusative of person + כָּזאֹת Judg 13:23 accusative of person only, Isa 42:9 accusative of thing only, Isa 48:3; Ezek 36:15 (אֵלַיִךְ).
c. absolute, make proclamation Isa 43:12; Isa 62:11 (אֶל location).

BDB9967 H8085 H8086

שְׁמַע verb hear (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Dan 6:15 1 singular שִׁמְעֵת Dan 5:14; Dan 5:16 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמַע Dan 3:10, 2 m. pl. תִּשְׁמְעוּן Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15 Participle active שָֽׁמְעִין Dan 3:7; Dan 5:23 — hear: = have sense of hearing Dan 5:23 with accusative of sound Dan 3:5; Dan 3:7; Dan 3:10; Dan 3:15, word Dan 6:15 with clause דִּי + עַל person concerning, Dan 5:14; Dan 5:16. Hithpe`el shew oneself obedient: Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתַּמְעוּן Dan 7:27, with ל person (probably).

heard, hear, hearken, hearkened, obey, …

šāmaʿ

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

(v) to hear, listen to, obey

(Qal)

to hear (perceive by ear)

to consent, agree

to be heard (of voice or sound)

to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

דְּבָרֶ֔י ךָ

דְּבָרֶ֔י

Root word word, words, thing, acts, things, …

ךָ

Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)

Dictionary form: דָּבָר · daw-BAWR

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: thy words

the word ×142 the words ×132 thing ×103 words ×92 of the acts ×43 things ×42 of the chronicles ×37 word ×36

More options

word — Best for divine speech, commands, or prophetic utterances.

matter — Prefer when context is a topic, affair, or issue.

thing — Broad default when no specific semantic fits better.

message — Use when content is being conveyed from a sender.

account — Fits historical or narrative contexts, e.g. royal records.

decree — Best for official, authoritative, or legal pronouncements.

BDB1816 H1697

דָּבָר₁₄₃₉ noun masculine speech, word — Gen 18:14 + 446 t.; construct דְּבַר Gen 12:17 + 361 t.; suffix דְּבָרִי Num 11:23 + (suffixes 66 t.); singular in all 875 t.; plural דְּבָרִים Exod 4:10 + 182 t.; construct דִּבְרֵי Gen 24:30 + 253 t.; suffix דְּבָרָיו Gen 37:8 (suffixes 127 t.); plural in all 564 t.; —

I. singular speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken:

1. of men,
a. נְבוֺן דָּבָר discreet in speech 1Sam 16:18 שְׂפָתַיִם ׳ד speech of lips Ps 59:13, mere talk Isa 36:5 (= 2Kgs 18:20) Prov 14:23 (compare Ps 17:4 speech of God's lips); דָּבָר מָר bitter speech Ps 64:4 כָּזָב ׳ד lying speech Prov 30:8 דְּבָֽרְךָ טוֺכ thy saying is good 1Sam 9:10 וּדְבַר אַבְנֵר הָיָה עִם and the speech of Abner had been with the elders of Israel 2Sam 3:17 (compare 1Kgs 1:7); אמר הדבר הזה say this saying Jer 23:38; Jer 31:23 compare Jer 13:12; Jer 14:17 (of God), 1Sam 8:10 (׳דִּבְרֵי י).
b. word of command, (הַ)מֶּלֶךְ ׳ד 1Chr 21:4; 1Chr 21:6; Esth 1:12 + 6 t. Esther; Eccl 8:4 compare 2Chr 30:5; 2Chr 31:5; Dan 9:23; Dan 9:25 מַלְכוּת ׳ד royal edict Esth 1:19 כדבר עשׂה do according to the command of Gen 44:2; Gen 47:30; Exod 8:9; Exod 8:27; Exod 12:35; Exod 32:28 (J) Lev 10:7 (P) Judg 11:10; Ezra 10:5; Neh 5:12; Neh 5:13 compare 2Sam 17:6 (word of counsel), 1Kgs 3:12 (request), 1Kgs 17:13 (proposal; on these meanings see below)
c. message, report, tidings, וַיִּשְׁמַע הָעָם אֶתהַֿדָּבָר הָרָע הַזֶּה and the people heard this evil report Exod 33:4 (JE) compare 1Kgs 20:12 אמת (היה) הדבר the report was true 1Kgs 10:6 = 2Chr 9:5 עַד בּוֺא דָבָר מֵעִמָּכֶם until word come from you 2Sam 15:28 ויגע הדבר אל מלך נינוה Jonah 3:6 הֵשִׁיב דָּבָר return or bring word, report Gen 37:14; Num 13:26; Num 22:8 (J) Deut 1:22; Deut 1:25; Josh 14:7; Josh 22:32 (D) 1Kgs 2:30; 1Kgs 20:9; 2Kgs 22:9; 2Kgs 22:20 (= 2Chr 34:16; 2Chr 34:28), but answer 1Sam 17:30; 2Sam 3:11; 2Sam 24:13 (= 1Chr 21:12), 1Kgs 12:6; 1Kgs 12:9 (= 2Chr 10:6; 2Chr 10:9), 2Chr 12:16; Neh 2:20; Prov 18:13; Prov 27:11; Isa 41:28; Ezek 9:11 (Dr^{Sm, p, 190 explains the phrase as} turn back with a word); compare דבר (לא) ענה answer something or nothing 1Kgs 18:21; 2Kgs 18:36; Ps 119:42; Isa 36:21; Jer 44:20 see IV. 6; דברים השׁיב return words Exod 19:8 (E) Prov 24:26 see

III. 1. d. advice, counsel, בדבר בלעם by advice of Balaam Num 31:16 (P), compare Judg 20:7; 2Sam 19:44; Esth 5:5.
e. request, אמתו of his maid, עבדו of his servant 2Sam 14:15; 2Sam 14:22.
f. promise, לא יחל דברו he shall not break his word Num 30:3 (P), compare הקים דבר perform a promise Neh 5:13, see also 2 b. g. charge, complaint, אם אמת היה הדבר הזה if this charge be true Deut 22:20 compare Deut 13:15; Deut 17:4, שׂים דבר בְּ 1Sam 22:15, שׂים עלילות דברים לְ Deut 22:14; Deut 22:17.
h. decision, sentence, דְּבַר הַמִּשְׁפָּט the sentence of judgment Deut 17:9 compare vDeut 17:10 vDeut 17:11.
i. theme, story, רָחַשׁ לִבִּי דָּבָר טוֺב my heart swells with a good theme Ps 45:2 דְּבַרגְּבוּרוֺת the story of his great might Job 41:4.

2. word of God, as a divine communication in the form of commandments, prophecy, and words of help to his people, used 394 times. This word is communicated in several ways:
a. אל ׳ויהי דבר י then the word of Yahweh came unto 1Sam 15:10; 2Sam 7:4 (compare אלהים 1Chr 17:3), 1Kgs 6:11; 1Kgs 13:20; 1Kgs 16:1; 1Kgs 17:2; 1Kgs 17:8; 1Kgs 21:17; 1Kgs 21:28; 2Chr 11:2 (compare האלהים 1Kgs 12:22): compare 1Chr 22:8 (על by confusion), Isa 38:4; Jer 1:4 + 20 t. Jeremiah, Ezek 3:16 + 41 t. Ezekiel; Jonah 1:1; Jonah 3:1; Hag 2:20; Zech 4:8; Zech 6:9; Zech 7:4; Zech 7:8; Zech 8:1 (without אל) vZech 8:18 אל ׳י ׳היה ד Gen 15:1; 2Chr 12:7; Jer 25:3 + 4 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 1:3 + 7 t. Ezekiel; Dan 9:2; Zech 1:1; Zech 1:7; Zech 7:1 אל ׳י ׳הנה ד Gen 15:4; 1Kgs 19:9 היה אל ׳י ׳ד 2Sam 24:11; 1Kgs 16:7; 1Kgs 18:1; 2Kgs 20:4; Ezek 24:20 ביד ׳י ׳היה ד Hag 1:1; Hag 2:1; Hag 2:10 ביד ׳י ׳ויהי ד Hag 1:3 אשׁר ׳י ׳היה אל ד Hos 1:1; Joel 1:1 Micah; Zeph 1:1 ׳י ׳אליו אשׁר היה ד 1Kgs 18:31; Jer 1:2 ׳אל יר ׳י ׳אשׁר היה ד Jer 14:1; Jer 46:1; Jer 47:1; Jer 49:34 (see אשׁר 6 a); הדבר אשׁר היה אל Jer 7:1 + 11 t. Jeremiah; ׳י ׳את ד 2Kgs 3:12; Jer 23:28; Jer 27:18 compare אֵלַי דָּבָר יְגֻנָּב unto me a word was brought by stealth Job 4:12, compare ׳וְטֶרֶם יִגָּלֶה אֵלָיו דְּבַר י and the word of Yahweh was not yet revealed unto him 1Sam 3:7. Yahweh also sends his word שׁלח Ps 107:20; Ps 147:18; Isa 9:7; Jer 42:5 (compare plural Zech 7:12) and makes it an object of vision ראה Jer 2:31; Jer 38:21 (compare plural Ezek 11:25), חזה Isa 2:1 it is also commanded צוה Exod 16:16; Exod 16:32; Exod 35:4; Lev 8:5; Lev 9:6; Lev 17:2; Num 30:2; Num 36:6 (P) Deut 4:2; Deut 13:1; Deut 15:15; Deut 4:10 (D) 1Chr 16:15 (= Ps 105:8) Neh 1:8; Jer 7:23, compare הדברים אשׁר צוה Exod 35:1; Lev 8:36 (P) Exod 19:7 (E) Deut 6:6.
b. Yahweh confirms his word of promise Deut 9:5; 1Sam 1:23 (where read דְּבָרֵךְ thy word according to ᵐ5 ᵑ6 & Dr), 1Kgs 2:4; 1Kgs 6:12; 1Kgs 8:20; Jer 29:10; Jer 33:14, and his word of warning 1Kgs 12:15; Dan 9:12 his word stands for ever Isa 40:8 it is settled for ever in heaven Ps 119:89 he remembers his holy word דבר קדשׁו Ps 105:42 (compare דִּבְרֵי קָדְשׁוֺ Jer 23:9); he himself Joel 2:11, the angels Ps 103:20, and forces of nature Ps 148:8 עשׂה דברו do his word of command; by his word the heavens were made Ps 33:6 it is near his people, in their mouth and heart Deut 30:14 a lamp to their feet Ps 119:105. II. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse: —

1. of men,
a. דָּבָר בְּעִתּוֺ a word in due season Prov 15:23 compare Job 4:2; Prov 12:25 commonly in plural, דִּבְרֵי (הַ)שִּׁירָ(הׅ words of the song (i.e. its lines of poetry) Deut 31:30; Deut 32:44; Ps 18:1 (= 2Sam 22:1) Ps 137:3 הלל בדברי דויד to sing praises with the words of David (his psalms) 2Chr 29:30 דִּבְרֵי חֲכָמִים sentences of the wise Prov 1:6; Prov 22:17; Eccl 9:17; Eccl 12:11 these sayings are commonly written, compare דברי האגרת words of the letterEsth 9:26 הדברים עתיקים the records are ancient 1Chr 4:22 דִּבְרֵי (ה)סֵפֶר Isa 29:11; Isa 29:18; Jer 29:1.
b. title of writings: דִּבְרֵי קֹהֶלֶת Eccl 1:1, אגור ׳ד Prov 30:1, למואל ׳ד Prov 31:1, ירמיהו ׳ד Jer 1:1, so Amos 1:1; Neh 1:1 compare in appended phrase or clause, Jer 51:64, איוב ׳ד Job 31:40.
c. in Chronicles name of a work: החזים ׳ד 2Chr 33:18; 2Chr 33:19, שׁמעיה ׳בד 2Chr 12:15, יהוא ׳בד 2Chr 20:34, ׳שׁמואל על ד 1Chr 29:29 נתן ׳על ד 1Chr 29:29; 2Chr 9:29, גד על ׳ד 1Chr 29:29. (It is not certain whether writings of prophets or histories about them are referred to; in the latter case they are acts, IV. 2, see Dr^{Intr 497}.)

2. of God: עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדְּבָרִים the ten words (sentences in the tables) Exod 34:28 (JE) Deut 4:13; Deut 10:4, referred to as הדברים Exod 34:1 (JE) Deut 4:10; Deut 4:36; Deut 5:19; Deut 9:10; Deut 10:2 of commands of covenant code Exod 24:3; Exod 24:4; Exod 24:8 compare Exod 34:27 (JE); of Deuteronomic code Deut 17:19 (+ 16 t. D) 2Kgs 22:11; 2Kgs 23:3-24 (compare 2Chr 34:19-31) Jer 11:2-8; Jer 34:18 the law-book of Joshua Josh 24:26 (E); of the code of Ezra Ezra 7:11; Ezra 9:4; Neh 8:9; Neh 8:13 the words of Yahweh written by Jeremiah Jer 25:13; Jer 36:4-32; Jer 51:61 the words of the book of Daniel Dan 12:4; Dan 12:9 commands in general 1Sam 15:11; Ps 50:17; Ps 119:57; Ps 119:130; Ps 119:139 promises 2Sam 7:28; Neh 9:8, compare 1Chr 25:5; 2Chr 36:16. III. a word, words: —

1. of men: שָׂפָה אֶחָ֑ת וּדְבָרִים אֲחָדִים one lip, and one and the same words Gen 11:1 (J); אֵין אֹמֶר וְאֵין דְּבָרִים no speech and no words Ps 19:4 אִישׁ דְּבָרִים man of words, ready in speech, Exod 4:10 (J); רב דברים multitude of words Job 11:2; Prov 10:19; Eccl 5:2 קְחוּ עִמָּכֶם דְּבָרִים take with you words Hos 14:3 דבר(י) (ה)שׁקר lying word(s) Exod 5:9; Exod 23:7 (E) Prov 13:5; Prov 29:12; Isa 59:13; Jer 7:4; Jer 7:8 דִּבְרֵי רוּחַ words of wind, vain words Job 16:3 וּמַהשֶּֿׁמֶץ דָּבָר נִשְׁמַעבּֿוֺ and what a whisper of a word we hear of him! Job 26:14.

2. of God. It is difficult to determine how many of the following should come under

II. 2. The plural for words of God is relatively seldom: Gen 20:8; Exod 19:6; Num 12:6; Josh 3:9 (E) Exod 4:28; Exod 4:30; Num 11:24 (J) Deut 18:19; Josh 23:14 (D) 1Sam 3:18; 1Sam 8:10; 1Sam 15:1; 2Chr 11:4; Job 42:7; Prov 30:6; Isa 31:2; Dan 10:11; Amos 8:11; Mic 2:7 apart from Jer 3:12 + 30 t. Jeremiah; Ezek 2:7 + 4 t. Ezekiel; Zech 1:6 + 4 t. Zechariah. IV. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks: —

1. business, occupation: דְּבַר הַמֶּלֶךְ king's business 1Sam 21:9 לְכָלדְּֿבַר for every matter of 1Chr 26:32; 1Chr 27:1; 2Chr 19:11 דְּבָרֶיךָ לְכָלֿ for all thine affairs 1Chr 28:21 דבר המזבח Num 18:7 דָּבָר אֵיןלָֿהֶם עִם they had not dealings with Judg 18:7; Judg 18:28 דְּבַריֿוֺם בְּיוֺמוֺ the task or portion of a day in its day, daily duty or due Exod 5:13; Exod 5:19 (E) Exod 16:4 (J) Lev 23:37 (P) 1Kgs 8:59; 2Kgs 25:30; 1Chr 16:37; 2Chr 8:13 (ביום) v2Chr 8:14; 2Chr 31:16; Ezra 3:4; Neh 11:23; Neh 12:47; Jer 52:34; Dan 1:5 דבר שׁנה בשׁנה 1Kgs 10:25; 2Chr 9:24.

2. plural acts construct דִּבְרֵי 1Kgs 11:41 (twice in verse); 1Chr 29:29; 2Chr 12:15; 2Chr 16:11 דְּבָרָיו his acts 2Chr 13:22; 2Chr 35:27 especially in phrases, הַיָּמִים וְיֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי ֗֗֗ עַלסֵֿפֶר דִּבְרֵי and the rest of the acts of . . . in the book of the chronicles (daily record of events) of 1Kgs 14:29 + 32 t. Kings; וְיֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי 2Chr 13:22 + 8 t. Chronicles, וְיֶתֶר דְּבָרָיו 2Chr 28:26, שְׁאָר דִּבְרֵי 2Chr 9:29 are referred to various sources; compare also במספר דברי הימים 1Chr 27:24, בדברי דויד 1Chr 23:27, עלדֿברי מלכי ישׂראל 2Chr 33:18: דברים טובים good deeds 2Chr 12:12; 2Chr 19:13 דִּבְרֵי עֲוֺנֹת acts of iniquity Ps 65:4 (De, Fälle von Missethaten); דִּבְרֵירָֿע evil deeds Jer 5:28. It is used of God, only in כל דבריו לא יענה Job 33:13, אֹתוֺתָיו ׳ד Ps 105:27, נִפְלְאֹתֶיךָ ׳ד Ps 145:5.

3. matter, affair: דבר אוריה affair of Uriah 1Kgs 15:5 שׁרשׁ דבר root of the matter Job 19:28 מה היה הדבר how went the matter ? 1Sam 4:16; 2Sam 1:4 compare Ruth 3:18 סבב את פני הדבר change the face of the matter 2Sam 14:20 דִּבְרֵי הָאֲתֹנוֺת the matter of the asses 1Sam 10:2 זה דבר הרצח this is the case of the slayer Deut 19:4 לְכָלדְּֿבָרָיו 1Kgs 6:38 as to all its particulars.

4. events, things: in the phrase, אחר הדברים האלה after these things (events in time) Gen 15:1; Gen 22:1; Gen 40:1 (E) Gen 39:7 (J) 1Kgs 17:17; 1Kgs 21:1; Ezra 7:1; Esth 2:1; Esth 3:1 האלה אחרי הדברים Gen 48:1; Josh 24:29 (E) Gen 22:20 (J) 2Chr 32:1.

5. cause, case for judicial investigation: כִּייִֿהְיֶה לָהֶם דָּבָר if they have a case Exod 18:16 compare Exod 18:22; Exod 22:8 בעל דברים one having a case Exod 24:14, compare בדבר משׁפט 2Chr 19:6 דְּבָרֶיךָ טוֺבִים וּנְכֹחִים pleas, good and right 2Sam 15:3 compare Josh 20:4.

6. something, anything (indefinite): עשׂה דבר do a thing Gen 22:16 + (frequent); עשׂה דברים Isa 42:16 + (less frequent); דבר ׳היפלא מי Gen 18:14 compare Jer 32:17; Jer 32:27 לא ֗֗֗ דבר nothing 1Kgs 5:7; 1Kgs 10:3; + (frequent), אין דבר Exod 5:11 (E) Num 20:19; 1Sam 20:21 ׳לא דבר מ nothing of Exod 9:4 (J) Josh 8:35; Josh 11:15; Josh 21:45; Josh 23:14 (D); כל דבר anything Num 31:23; Deut 23:20 +; דבר רע Ps 141:4 +; טוב ׳ד 1Kgs 14:13 +; דְּבַרמָֿה whatsoever Num 23:3 (E); עֶרְוַת דבר Deut 23:15 naked-ness of a thing, i.e. unclean or unseemly thing (indecency in camp); so of a wife Deut 24:1.

7. way, manner: זֶה דְּבַר הַשְּׁמִטָּה this is the manner of the release Deut 15:2 (compare SI¹); כֵּן דְּבַר הַמֶּלֶךְ so was the way of the king Esth 1:13 הזה כדבר after this manner, thus Gen 18:25; Gen 32:20; Gen 44:7 (JE) 2Sam 15:6; Ezra 10:5; Neh 5:12; Neh 5:13 with (עשׂה), 1Sam 9:21; 2Sam 14:3; 2Sam 17:6 (דבר), 1Sam 17:27; 1Sam 17:30; Isa 8:20 (אמר), Neh 6:4; Neh 6:5 (שׁלח), Neh 6:4 (השׁיב) compare 1Sam 17:30; 2Kgs 7:19 (היה) (peculiar to D, כדבר הרע הזה such a wicked deed as this Deut 13:12; Deut 19:20, כדבר הגדול הזה Deut 4:32); כדברים האלה עשׂה thus and thus did he Gen 39:19 (J) 1Sam 2:23 (but usually the plural = these words).

8. reason, cause: זֶּה דְבַרהַֿמַּס 1Kgs 9:15 זה הדבר אשׁר this is the reason why Josh 5:4 (D) 1Kgs 11:27 so 1Sam 17:29 AV RV, was it not but a word ? Th Ke RVm VB Dr; עַל דְּבַר ֗֗֗ because of, for the sake of Gen 20:11; Gen 20:18 (E) Gen 12:17; Gen 43:18; Exod 8:8 (J) Num 17:14 (P) Ps 45:5; Ps 79:9, עַל דִּבְרֵי Jer 14:1 עַלדִּֿבְרֵיכֶם for your sakes Deut 4:21, עַל דְּבַר אשׁר Deut 22:24 (twice in verse); Deut 23:5; 2Sam 13:22.

word, words, thing, acts, things, …

dābār

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

speech, word, speaking, thing

speech

וְ אוֹתָ ֖ם

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אוֹתָ

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

֖ם

Suffix — pronoun their / them

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

לֹ֣א

Particle not

Dictionary form: לֹא · loh

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: but they will not

not ×882 neither ×399 no ×282 nor ×215 shall not ×205 thou shalt not ×116 is not ×102 and not ×86

More options

not — Default negation; fits nearly every context.

no — Use before nouns or as a standalone negative.

never — Emphasizes total or timeless negation.

nor — Use in paired or continued negative clauses.

neither — Use when negating two elements together.

none — Negates a noun or quantity; no one/nothing.

BDB4266 H3808

לֹא or לוֺא adverb not (Arabic , Aramaic לָא, , Sabean לא, Ass. lâ; not in Ethiopic: compare Kö^{ii. 1. 236} Walker^{AJSL 1896, 237 ff.}) — לוֺא, according to Masora (Fr^{MM 248}), 35 t., besides בְּלוֺא 6 t., and הֲלוֺא, the orthography of which varies much (ib.^{p. 251}), e.g. in Samuel always הֲלוֺא, in Chronicles always הֲלֹא, on the whole הֲלוֺא 141 t., הֲלֹא 128 t.; twice, according to Masora, written לו (Qr לֹא), 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2, once לה Deut 3:11 Kt: — not — denying objectively, like οὐ (not μὴ = אַל): —

1. in predication:
a. with a verb; so most frequently, and nearly always
(a) with the finite tenses, whether perfect (Gen 2:5 b Gen 4:5 etc.) or imperfect (Gen 3:4; Gen 8:21; Gen 8:22 etc.); in short circumstantial clauses, as Gen 44:4 לא הרחיקו, Isa 40:20 לֹא יִמּוֺט, and with a final force Isa 41:7; Exod 28:32 (see Ges^{«GKC:156»§ 156}. 3 R. b, c Dr^{§ 162}). Governing two closely connected verbs (Dr^{§ 115}, לא) Exod 28:43 וְלֹא יִשְׂאוּ עָוֺן וָמֵתוּ, Lev 19:12; Lev 19:29b Deut 7:25; Deut 7:26; Deut 19:10; Deut 22:1 and elsewhere; and two parallel clauses (Ges^{«GKC:152»§ 152}. 3) Isa 23:4b Ps 9:19; Ps 44:19; Job 3:1 and elsewhere With the imperfect, especially with 2 person, לֹא often expresses (not, like אַל, a deprecation, do not . . ., let not . . ., but) a prohibition, as Gen 2:17 לֹא תאֹכַל מִמֶּנּוּ thou shall not eat of it, Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Exod 20:3 לֹאיִֿהְיֶה לְךָ there shall not be to thee, etc., vExod 20:13 לא תגנב, etc. With the coh. and jussive moods (which are negatived regularly by אַל), it occurs only exceptionally (Ges^{«GKC:109»§ 109}. 1 b R. 1), Gen 24:8; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 17:12; 2Sam 18:14; 1Kgs 2:6; Ezek 48:14.
(b) with the infinitive (which is negatived by בִּלְתִּי, q. v.), only once, in בְּלֹא (4 a), and with לְ, in the sense of cannot, or must not; Judg 1:19 כי לא להורישׁ for it was not (possible) to dispossess, etc. Amos 6:10 לא ׳להזכיר בשׁם י, 1Chr 5:1; 1Chr 15:2 (Dr^{§ 202. 2}); compare Aramaic לָא Dan 6:9; Ezra 6:8. On its use with the participle, see b c.
(c) לא always negates properly the word immediately following: hence, in a verbal sentence, where this is not the verb, some special stress rests upon it, Gen 32:29 לֹא יַעֲקֹב ׳יֵאָמֵר עוֺד וג not Jacob shall thy name be called any more, but Israel, Gen 45:8 לֹא אַתֶּם שְׁלַחְתֶּם אֹתִי Not ye (in our idiom: It is not ye who) have sent me hither, but God, Exod 16:8; 1Sam 8:7 כִּי לֹא ׳אֹתְךָ מָאָסוּ כִּי אֹתִי וג, Ps 115:17 without a following correcting clause, Gen 38:9; Num 16:29 שְׁלָחָנִי׃ ׳לֹא י Not ׳י (but another) hath sent me, Deut 32:27 לֹא פָּעַל זֹאת ׳י, 1Chr 17:4; Deut 8:9; Isa 28:28 לא לנצח ֗֗֗ not for ever (but only for a while) . . . (so Isa 57:16; Ps 9:19; Ps 49:18; Ps 103:9 but Isa 13:20 לא תשׁב לנצח is, will not be inhabited for ever), Isa 43:22; Job 13:16; Job 32:9 hence rhetorically, insinuating something very different, not named, 2Kgs 6:10 not once, and not twice (but repeatedly), Ezra 10:13; Jer 4:11 a wind לֹא לְזָרוֺת וְלוֺא לְהַָבר׃ not to winnow, and not to cleanse (but to exterminate), Isa 45:13; Isa 48:1b Josh 24:12; Dan 11:20; Dan 11:29; Job 34:20 לֹא בְיָד (but by a Divine agency: compare Dan 2:34 also Job 20:26 אֵשׁ לֹא נֻפָּ֑ךְ fire not blown upon [but kindled from heaven], Lam 4:6 and אין Isa 47:14).
(d) standing alone:
(a) אִםלֹֿא if not, Gen 18:21 וְאִםלֹֿא אֵדָֽעָה׃, Gen 29:49; Gen 42:16; Job 9:24; Job 24:25 (β) הֲאִ֗֗֗םלֿא, or not, Gen 24:21 waiting to know דַּרְכּוֺ אִםלֹֿא ׳הַהִצְלִיחַ י, Gen 27:21; Gen 37:32; Exod 16:4; Num 11:23; Deut 8:2; Judg 2:22 (compare אִם אַיִן, אַיִן 2 d β, δ). In answer to a question or request, to deny, or decline, Nay, Nö: Judg 12:5 ויאמר לא, Hag 2:12 לא אדני Gen 23:11; Gen 42:10; 1Sam 1:15 +; often followed by כי, Nö for . . . = Nö but . . ., Gen 18:15 ויאמר לֹא כִּי צָחָ֑קְתְּ, Gen 19:2; Josh 5:14; Josh 24:21; 1Sam 2:16 Qr (see Dr), 1Sam 10:19 (ᵐ5 MSS), 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:22 (twice in verse) +; Job 23:6 (strangely). (compare, in deprecation, אַל.)
(e) with an interrogative force, which however does not lie in לא as such, but (as in other cases) in the contrast with a preceding clause, or in the tone of voice (compare וְ 1 f; Ew^{§ 324 a} Ges^{«GKC:150»§ 150}. 1 Dr^{1Sam 11:12}): Jonah 4:11 ׳אַתָּה חַסְתָּוַ֗֗֗אֲנִי לֹא אָחוּס וג, Job 2:10; Job 22:11; Exod 8:22; 2Kgs 5:26; Jer 49:9 (|| Obad 1:5 הֲלוֺא), Mal 2:15; Lam 3:38 and in passages, exegesis or text. doubtful (see Commentaries), 1Sam 20:14; 2Sam 23:5 (but see Bu), Hos 10:9 (Ew We), Hos 11:5 (Ew), Job 14:16b (but ᵐ5 Ew Di תַעֲבֹר), Lam 1:12 (Ew Ke), Lam 3:36 (Ke Bä).
b. with adjectives and substantive:
(a) Gen 2:18 לֹא טוֺב הֱֶיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדֹּו not good is man's being alone, Exod 18:17 + often
(b) Exod 4:16 לֹא אִישׁ דְּבָרִים אָנֹכִי, Amos 7:14 לא נביא אנכי, Num 23:9 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב, Deut 17:15 (see אשׁר

2. b) Deut 20:20; Deut 32:47; 1Sam 15:29; 2Sam 18:20 לֹא אִישׁ בְּשׂרָה אַתָּה הַיּוֺם, 2Sam 21:2; 1Kgs 22:33; 2Kgs 6:19 לא זִה הדרך, Mic 2:10; Isa 27:11; Hos 8:6 והמה לא אלהים Jer 2:11; Jer 16:20; 2Kgs 19:18; 1Kgs 19:11 (twice in verse) לֹא ׳בָרַעַשׁ י, Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13; Job 15:9; Job 28:14 לֹא בִי הִיא (|| אֵין עִמָּדִי)s, Ps 74:9; Jer 5:10 המה ׳לוא לי, Jer 10:16; Deut 32:21 בָּנִים לֹא אֵמוּן בָּם, Jer 10:14; Hab 1:14; Job 16:17; Job 38:26 מִדְבָּר לֹא אָדָם בּוֺ; 1Kgs 22:17 לֹא אֲדֹנִים לָאֵלֶּה, Jer 49:31; Ps 22:3 וְלֹא דוּמִיָּה לִי, Job 18:17; Job 18:19; Job 29:12 ולא עֹזֵר לו, Job 30:13; Job 33:9; Jer 2:19 וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ and (that) my terror reached not unto thee, Job 21:9 absolute Gen 29:7 לֹאעֵֿתִ הֵאָסֵף הַמִּקְנֶה (Hag 1:2), Num 20:5; 2Kgs 4:23 לא חדשׁ ולא שׁבת, Isa 44:9; Jer 5:12 ויאמרו לוא הוא, Job 9:32; Job 22:16; Job 36:26; Job 41:2; Prov 19:7 (si vera lectio) מְרַדֵּף אֲמָרִים לֹאהֵֿמָּה words which are not, which are nought.
(c) with the participle לֹא is rare, a finite verb being usually preferred (Exod 34:7 וְנַקִּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה: Ew^{§ 320 c} Dr^{§ 162}): 2Sam 3:34 יָדֶיךָ לֹא אֲסֻרוֺת, Ezek 4:14; Ezek 22:24; Deut 28:61; Ps 38:15 כְּאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר לֹא שֹׁמֵעַ who is not hearing, Job 12:3; Job 13:2 לֹא נֹפֵל אָנֹכִי מִכֶּם, Zeph 3:5 (very anomalous); 1Kgs 10:21 לא is probably textual error In וְהוּא לֹא שׂנֵא לוֺ or לא שׂנא הוא לו, Deut 4:42; Deut 19:4; Deut 19:6; Josh 20:5 (compare אֹיֵב Num 35:23), שׂנֵא is best construed as a substantive, he being a not-hater to him afore-time. — In most of the cases under b, c, אין could have been employed; but the negation by לֹא is more pointed and forcible.

2. Not in predication:
a. coupled to an adjective to negative it, like the Greek ἀ‐, but usually by way of litotes: Hos 13:13 בן לאחֿכם an unwise son, Ps 36:5 דֶּרֶךְ לֹא טוֺב a way not good, Ps 43:1 גוי לא חסיד, Prov 16:29; Prov 30:25; Prov 30:26; Ezek 20:25; 2Chr 30:17 : Isa 16:14 לוֺא כַבִּיר, compare Isa 10:7 לֹא מְעַט.
b. with a participle Jer 2:2 ארץ לא זרועה, Jer 18:15 (the finite verb is more common: see Isa 62:12 עִיר לֹא נֱעֶזָ֫בָה (compare Isa 54:11), Jer 6:8 אֶרֶץ לוֺא נוֺשָׁ֫בָה, Jer 15:18; Jer 22:6; Jer 31:18; Zeph 2:1).
c. Gen 15:13 בארץ לא להם, Jer 5:19; Hab 1:6 מִשְׁכָּנוֺת לֹאלֿוֺ, Prov 26:17 רִיב לֹאלֿוֺ.
d. with a substantive, in poetry, forming a kind of compound, expressing pointedly its antithesis or negation (German un- is sometimes used similarly): Deut 32:5(?). 17. 21 a they made me jealous בְּלֹא אֵל with a not-God (with what in no respect deserved the name of God), v^b בְּלֹא עָם i.e. with an unorganized horde, Amos 6:13 הַשְּׂמֵחִים לְלֹא דָבָר i.e. at a thing which is not, an unreality (of their boasted strength), Isa 10:15 כְּהָרִים מַטֶּה לֹא עֵץ like a rod's lifting up what is no wood (but the agent wielding it), Isa 31:8 חרב לא אישׁ, חרב לא אדם, Isa 55:2 בלוא לחם for what is not bread, בלוא לשׂבעה for what is not for satiety, Jer 5:7 וַיּשָּֽׁבְעוּ בְּלֹא אֱלֹהִים by not-gods, in late prose 2Chr 13:9 כֹּהֵן לְלֹא אֱלֹהִים; Ps 44:13 תִּמְכֹּר עַמְּךָ בְּלֹאהֿוֺן for no-value (i.e. cheaply), Prov 13:23; Job 10:12 צלמות וְלֹא סְדָרִים darkness and disorder; so לֹאעַֿמִּי Hos 1:9; Hos 2:25: still more pregnantly Job 26:2 a מֶהעָֿזַרְתָּ לְלֹאכֹֿחַ (poetic for לאשׁר אין לו כח) the powerless, vJob 26:2b; vJob 26:3a (Ew^{§ 286 g} Ges^{«GKC:152»§ 152}. 1 n.), Job 39:16 הִקְשִׁיחַ בָּנֶיהָ לְלֹא לָהּ useth hardly her young ones (making them) into none of hers; and even Hab 2:6 הַמַּרְבֶּה לֹאלֿוֺ what is not his own (compare Job 18:15 מִבְּלִי לוֺ). compare with a verb, and ellipse of אשׁר, Isa 65:1 לְלֹא שָׁאָ֑לוּ to those who have not asked, v^b Jer 2:8 אַחֲרִי לֹא יוֺעִילוּ, vJer 2:11b; also לֹא רֻחָ֫מָה Hos 1:6; Hos 1:8; Hos 2:25, and probably Job 31:31 לֹא נִשְׂבָּ֑ע (perfect in p.) one not satisfied.
e. in circumstantial clauses (Dr^{§ 164}), in poetry and rare: qualifying a substantive, 2Sam 23:4 בֹּקֶר לֹא עָבוֺת a morning without clouds, Job 12:24 בְּתֹהוּ לֹא דֶרֶךְ in a pathless waste, Job 38:26a; and a verb Job 34:24 יָרֹעַ כַּבִּרִים לֹא חֵקֶר without inquiry, Ps 59:4 לא פשׁעי ולא חטאתי (compare vPs 59:4 בלי עון), in late prose, twice, 1Chr 2:30; 1Chr 2:32 וימת לא בנים (אֵין and בְּלִי, q. v., are more usual in such cases).

3. Once (according to many MSS), as a substantive, Job 6:21 כִּיעַֿתָּה הֱיִיתֶם לֹא for now are ye become nothing, Hi De Kö (compare Dan 4:32 (Aramaic) כְּלָה חֲשִׁיבִין, ᵑ7 here כְּלָא הֲוֵיתוּן, and אַל Job 24:25); but reading fluctuates (Orientals לֹא, Qr לו, Westerns, Baer (see pp. 37, 56) לוֺ ['now are ye become that,' namely the נַחַל אַכְזָב of vJob 24:15]; but even לוֺ yields a forced sense; and text is probably wrong: Mich Ew Ol Sgf Bu כֵּןלִ֗֗֗י (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 also read לִי); Bö Di כִּילְ֗֗֗אָ֑יִן. compare Kö^{ii. 1. 236 f}.

4. With prefixes: —
a. בְּלֹא₃₁ (chiefly in poetry or late), according to the varying significance of בְּ:
(a) usually with not = without, Jer 22:13 בונה ביתו בלאֿ צדק without justice (|| בלא משׁפט; so Ezek 22:29; Prov 16:8), Isa 55:1 (twice in verse); Prov 19:2; Job 8:11 הֲיִגְאֶהגֹּֿמֶא בְּלֹא בִצָּה without mire || כלי מים, Job 30:28 בְּלֹא חַמָּה (=not through the sun), Lam 1:6 וילכו בלאכֿח, Num 35:22 בְּלֹא אֵיבָה ֗֗֗ בְּלֹא צְדִיָּה, vNum 35:23 (followed by infinitive) בְּלֹא רְאוֺת, 2Chr 21:20; Eccl 10:11; Ps 17:1 תְּפִלָּתִי בְּלֹא שִׂפְתֵי מִרְמָה; used more freely in Chronicles, 1Chr 12:18 בְּלֹא חָמָס בְּכַפָּֽי׃, v.1Chr 12:34 בְּלֹא לֵב וָלֵב, 2Chr 30:18 בְּלֹא כַכָּתוּב. With ellipse of rel., Lam 4:14 בְּלֹא יוּכְלוּ יִגְּעוּ without (that) men are able to touch, etc.
(b) of time, in not, i.e. outside of, Lev 15:25 בלא עֶתנִֿדָּתָהּ, before Job 15:32 בלאיֿומו, Eccl 7:17 בְּלֹא עִתֶּךְ׃.
(c) where לֹא belongs to the following word, and is only accidentally preceded by ב (see above 2 d), Deut 32:21 (twice in verse); Jer 5:7; Prov 13:23 בלא משׁפט through injustice; with בְּ pretii, Ps 44:13; Isa 55:2 (twice in verse); Jer 2:11 בְּלוֺא יוֺעִיל for (that which) profiteth not.

b. הֲלֹא nonne ? Gen 4:7 + often Inviting, as it does, an affirmative answer, it is often used,
(a) especially in conversation, for pointing to a fact in such a way as to arouse the interest of the person addressed, or to win his assent: Gen 13:19 Is not the whole land before thee ? Gen 19:20; Gen 20:5; Gen 27:36; Gen 29:25; Exod 4:11 Who maketh dumb or deaf, etc. Do not I ? Exod 33:16; Judg 4:6; Judg 4:14; Judg 8:2; Judg 9:28; Judg 9:38; 1Sam 9:20; 1Sam 9:21; 1Sam 15:17 etc.; with a verb in 1 person, Josh 1:9 הלא צויתיך, Judg 6:14 הלא שׁלחתיך, 1Sam 20:30; 2Sam 19:23; Ruth 2:9: similarly in a poetical or rhetorical style, Judg 5:30 הלא ימצאו יחלקו שׁלל, Isa 8:19; Isa 10:8; Isa 10:9; Isa 10:11; Isa 28:25; Isa 29:17; Isa 40:21; Isa 40:23; Isa 42:24; Isa 43:19 etc., Job 4:6; Job 4:21; Job 7:1; Job 10:10; Job 10:20, etc. (β) it has a tendency to become little more than an affirm. particle, declaring with some rhetorical emphasis what is, or might be, well known: Deut 3:11 הֲלֹה הִיא בְרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֺן, Deut 11:30; 1Sam 21:12 הלוא ׳זה דוד וג (compare 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:5; 2Sam 11:3), 2Sam 23:19; 2Sam 26:1; 2Sam 15:35 it is thus nearly = הִנֵּה (ᵐ5 sometimes represents it by ιδου, as Josh 1:9; Judg 6:14; Ruth 2:9; 2Sam 15:35); so especially in the phrase of the compiler of Kings, And the rest of the acts of . . ., הֲלֹא הֵם (הֵמָּה) כְּתוּבִים are they not written in, etc. ? 1Kgs 11:41; 1Kgs 14:29 + often (with which there interchanges הִנָּם כְּתוּבִים 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 15:11; 2Kgs 15:26; 2Kgs 15:31, which is generally used by the Chronicles, 2Chr 16:11; 2Chr 20:34, etc.), Josh 10:13 (compare 2Sam 1:18 הִנֵּה), 1Kgs 8:53 ᵐ5, Esth 10:2; Ps 56:14 (strangely: contr. Ps 116:8). — הֲלֹא הִנֵּה Hab 2:13; 2Chr 25:26 (הִנָּם). — On Judg 14:15, see הֲ 1 end.

c. וָלֹ֕א and not=and if not, 2Sam 13:26; 2Kgs 5:17. compare וָּיֵשׁ.
d. כְּלוֺא Obad 1:16 והיו כלוא היו, poetic for כאשׁר, as though they had not been.

e. לְלֹא without, literally in the condition of no . . . 2Chr 15:3 (compare לְאֵין, also in Chronicles). Elsewhere לא belongs to the following word, Amos 6:13; 2Chr 13:9; Isa 65:1 (twice in verse); Job 26:2; Job 26:3; Job 39:16 (see above 2 d).

Note. — Fifteen times, according to Masora (see De^{Ps 100. 3} Fr^{MM 247} Str^{Prol. Cr. 84}), לא is written by error for לוֺ, namely Exod 21:8; Lev 11:21; Lev 25:30; 1Sam 2:3; 2Sam 16:18; 2Kgs 8:10; Isa 9:2; Isa 63:9; Ps 100:3; Ps 139:16; Job 13:15; Job 41:4; Prov 19:7; Prov 26:2; Ezra 4:2 (always with Qr לוֺ). The passages must be considered each upon its own merits: in some לוֺ yields a preferable sense; but this is not the case in all. There is the same קרי (rightly) on Isa 49:5; 1Chr 11:20 but these were not considered to rest upon equal authority, and are hence not reckoned with the fifteen. — In Judg 21:22 (see GFM), 1Sam 13:13; 1Sam 20:14 (twice in verse), and in Job 9:33 לֹא יֵשׁ, read probably לֻא for לֹא.

BDB4344 H3808

לוֺ (Kt 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2), לוֺא, see לֹא.

BDB9632 H3808 H3809

לָא (לָה Dan 4:32) adverb not (Biblical Hebrew לא; Aramaic of Têma, Egyptian, etc., לא; Nerab ל (Lzb³⁰¹ Cook^{G1. 67}); ᵑ7 לָא; Syriac ); — not Jer 10:11; Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:10, etc.; before a participle (so rarely in Biblical Hebrew, 1 b c), Dan 2:27; Dan 2:43; Dan 3:16; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15 +, so v.Dan 4:32 וְכָלדָּֿאְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּלָה חֲשׁיבִין; are as men not accounted of (so Bev Behrm Marti, compare Isa 53:8 ᵑ7 בסירין ולא חשׁיבין; > most 'accounted as nothing,' for which no analogy, yet compare Ps 39:6 ᵑ7); followed by אִיתַי, see אִיתַי. With infinitive and לְ Dan 6:9 דִּי לָא לִהַשְׁנָיָה which it is not to alter = which is not to be altered (compare v.Dan 6:16), Ezra 6:8 (K^{§ 67, 1} Dr^{§ 202, 2}.; compare Isa 35:6 ᵑ7, D^{Aramaic Dialektproben, p. 1}). With interr. הֲלָא Dan 3:24; Dan 4:27; Dan 6:13.

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke^{217, 219, 241} S-C^{Pap. C 6, 7} +; lâinnî, however Soc^{Arab. Dial.} see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.

2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

not, no, neither, nor, none, …

lōʾ

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

not, no

not (with verb—absolute prohibition)

יַֽעֲשׂ֑וּ

Root word do, made, done, did, make, …

Dictionary form: עָשָׂה · aw-SAW

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: do

did ×123 do ×108 made ×86 to do ×85 and do ×61 he did ×59 and he made ×54 and thou shalt make ×45

More options

do — Broadest default; fits commands, descriptions, and narrative.

make — Prefer when the result is a crafted or constructed object.

perform — Good for rituals, duties, vows, or formal acts.

carry out — Emphasizes completing a directive or plan.

execute — Suits legal, judicial, or administrative actions.

accomplish — Highlights successful completion of a goal.

BDB6428 H6213

I. עָשָׂה₂₆₂₂ verb do, make (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; MI^{23, 26} עשתי, l.³; l.⁹ ואעש, l.²⁴ Imperative עשו; Old Hebrew proper name עשיו, אלעשה, מעשיהו; not Aramaic, and not certainly found in South Semitic languages; on Sabean see especially DHM^{SB Berl. Akkadian 1886, 849}); —

Qal₂₅₂₄ Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 3:1 +, suffix עָשָׂהוּ Hos 8:6 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽשְׂתָה Deut 22:21 +, וְעָשָׂת consecutive Lev 25:21 2 masculine singular עָשִׂיתָ Gen 3:14 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲשֶׂה Gen 18:25 +, וַיַּעֲשֶׂה 1Kgs 16:25 + 3 t., וַיַּעַשׂ Isa 5:2 +; יַעֲשֵׂה Isa 64:3, 2 masculine singular תַּעֲשֶׂה 1Sam 10:8, תַּעֲשֵׂה Gen 26:29; Josh 7:9, jussive (with אַל) תַּעַשׂ Gen 22:12 +, תַּעֲשֵׂה 2Sam 13:12; Jer 40:16 Qr (Kt תַּעַשׂ); 1 singular אֶעֱשֶׂה Gen 2:18 +, וָאֶעֱשֶׂה Ezek 20:14; Dan 8:27, וָאַעַשׂ Deut 10:3 + 4 t. Ezekiel; etc.; Imperative masculine singular עֲשֵׂה Judg 10:15 +; feminine singular עֲשִׂי Jer 6:26 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָשׂה Jer 44:17 +; עָשׂוֺ Jer 7:5 + 2 t. (Jer 4:18 van d. H. עָשׂוּ); construct עֲשׂוֺת Gen 2:4 +, עֲשׂה Gen 50:20 + 2 t., עֲשׂוֺ Gen 31:28, suffix עֲשׂתוֺ Gen 41:32 +, עֲשׂהוּ Exod 18:18, etc.; Participle active עשֶֹׁה Isa 5:5 +, suffix הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 (but see below); plural עשִֹׁים Gen 24:49 +; suffix עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10 (yet see Ges^{«GKC:124k»§ 124k}), etc.; passive עָשׂוּי Exod 3:16 +, הֶעָשׂוּ Job 41:25 (Ges^{«GKC:75k»§ 75k}); feminine עֲשׂוּיָה Ezek 21:20 +, etc.; —

I. 1. do (1560 + t.):
a. (1) with accusative active Gen 3:14 (J) Gen 20:10 (E) + often; do right in eyes of ׳י 2Kgs 12:3; 2Kgs 14:13 +, evil 2Kgs 8:18; 2Kgs 8:27 + (compare I. עַיִן 3 c); do God's commands, statutes, etc., Deut 16:12; Deut 30:8; Num 15:39 (P); חַיִל ׳ע 1Sam 14:48 + do might, i.e. mightily, valiantly; Prov 31:39 do efficiency, i.e. efficiently; = commit (offence) Lev 20:13 (H), Deut 20:18 followed by מִן particle, וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה Lev 4:2 and shall do a single one of them (things prohibited; see מִן 3 b
(d)), compare ׳וְעָשׂוּ אַחַת מִכָּלמִֿצְוֺת י vLev 4:13 vLev 4:22; Lev 5:17 (all P); do = perform a work, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַעֲשֶׂה Exod 18:20; Exod 23:12 (E), also (׳י subject) Deut 11:7; Dan 9:14; Eccl 3:11 with accusative מְלָאכָה Gen 2:2 (twice in verse) (J), Exod 20:9; Exod 20:10 = Deut 9:13 (10 Words); with accusative דְּרָכֶיךָ Isa 58:13 מְלוּכָה עַל ׳ע 1Kgs 21:7 = exercise sovereignty over; of ׳י performing signs (אֹתֹת) Josh 24:17 (E), Num 14:11; Num 14:22 (JE), Deut 11:3, so Moses Exod 4:17 and (מֹפְתִים) vExod 4:21. (2) do something to one (ל person) Gen 20:9 (E), Judg 9:56 +; with עַל reflexive Jer 26:19 do evil against ourselves; especially ׳י subject, with לְ, do good to Exod 18:9 (E), 2Kgs 8:66, or evil Gen 42:28 (E); in phrase so may God do to me, etc. 1Sam 3:17; 2Kgs 6:31 + (see יסף

Hiph`il 1.). (3) do something for one (ל person) Gen 30:31; 1Kgs 11:8 +, direct object omitted 1Sam 20:4 + ל of thing Judg 21:7; Judg 21:16 what shall we do for them, for wives ? with עַל person Neh 5:19 with dativus ethicus [dative of interest] (ל) 1Sam 10:7 with לְ, of ׳י doing kindness for 1Sam 22:3 executing vengeance for Judg 11:36 (+ מִן of enemy); ׳י doing a sign (אוֺת) for Judg 6:17 (elsewhere נָתַן אוֺת לְ), compare עֲשֵׂהעִֿמִּי אוֺת לְטוֺבָה Ps 86:17. (4) do something (in relation or intercourse) wilth (אֵת person), ׳י subject Deut 1:30 all that he did with you, Deut 10:21 (compare Ps 86:17 above), human subject 2Chr 24:24 (object שְׁפָטִים), Ruth 2:11. (5) seldom with ב, usually of executing judgment upon 1Sam 28:18; Isa 48:14, more generally Esth 1:15 what shall we do with the queen ? also, subject ׳י, Ezek 25:11; Ezek 28:26; Ps 149:7; Ps 149:9; Num 33:4 (on false gods); in good sense, ׳חֲסָדִים בּ ׳ע Neh 13:14. (6) of ׳י doing the justice (מִשְׁפַּט) of any one, i.e. maintaining his cause 1Kgs 8:45; 1Kgs 8:49; Ps 9:5. (7) with adverb do thus, כֹּה, Josh 6:14 (JE), according to, כְּ Gen 6:22 (P), Gen 18:21 (J), 1Kgs 2:6 accusative as, כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:19 (J); Exod 1:17 (E) +; with בְּ of manner, Judg 9:16a, Ezek 8:18; Ezek 25:15.
b. work for (ל of thing) Gen 30:30 (J); with ל person 1Sam 14:6; Ezek 29:20 (for ׳י); work in (ב) gold or other material 1Kgs 7:14; 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:13; Exod 31:4; Exod 31:5; Exod 35:32 (all P); with בָּהּ (i.e. בָּעֲבֹדָה) Exod 5:9 (J) in toil; work with (עִם) God 1Sam 14:45, so probably of God's working with (אֵת) Moses and Aaron 1Sam 12:6 (usually appoint); with אֵת with (of person in whose company, in whose field Ruth 2:19 (twice in verse) (gleaning); work בְּחֵפֶץ כַּפֶּיהָ Prov 31:13 without preposition Exod 36:1; Neh 3:28.

2. deal with, with עִם, 2Chr 2:2; Dan 1:13 (כַּאֲשֶׁר accusative as); with אֵת, Ezek 20:44; Ps 109:21; Ezek 22:14; Zeph 3:19 (perhaps; Gr Now insert כָּלָה, see II 1 g), + כְּ Jer 21:2, + בְּ of manner Ezek 23:25; Ezek 23:29 with לְ person + בְּ Ezek 25:12 with בְּ person, Jer 18:23; Dan 11:7, + כְּ according to Neh 9:24; Esth 3:11.

3. often in phrase, do kindness (חֶסֶד) with: with (עִמָּדִ) עִם Gen 19:19; Gen 24:12; Gen 12:14 (J), Judg 1:24; Judg 8:35; 1Sam 15:6; 2Sam 2:5; 2Sam 10:2 = 1Chr 19:2 +; with עַל, 1Sam 20:8 (but read עִם Vrss We Dr and others); absolute, Ps 109:16 object חֶסֶד + אֱמֶת, with עִם, Josh 2:14 (JE) Judg 9:19; 2Sam 2:6 with אֵת with, Gen 24:49; Gen 32:11; Gen 47:29 (all J); with לְ, Exod 20:6 = Deut 5:10; 2Sam 22:51 = Ps 18:51 so טוֺב ׳ע, with עִם, Gen 26:29 (J), compare Judg 8:35; Judg 9:16 with אֵת with, 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 2:6.

4. absolute act, act with effect, especially of ׳י, 1Kgs 8:32; 1Kgs 8:39; Jer 14:7; Ezek 20:9; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ps 22:32; Ps 37:5; Ps 52:11; Dan 9:19 of men 2Chr 31:21; Dan 8:12; Dan 8:24; Dan 11:28; Dan 11:30; Dan 11:32 with ל of person Ezek 31:11.

II. 1. make (670 + t.):
a. with object concrete, ark Gen 8:6, altar Gen 13:4, idols Judg 18:24; Judg 18:31 +, etc.
b. often of God's making (creating) Gen 3:1 (J), Gen 1:7; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:25 (P), Neh 9:6; Job 9:9; Prov 8:26; 2Chr 2:11; Ps 95:5 +; making man Ps 100:3; Ps 119:73 (made by God's hands), in the womb Job 31:15 (twice in verse); making, constituting, nation Deut 26:19; Deut 32:6; Deut 32:15 participle suffix עשֵֹׁהוּ his Maker Isa 17:7; Prov 14:31; Prov 17:5 (הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 is improbable, most read הֶעָשָׂוּי, with various interpretation of following words); עשֶֹׁךָ Isa 51:13, עשֵֹׁנִי Job 32:23 (Ginsb; vJob 32:22 van d. H. Baer), עשֵֹׁנוּ Ps 95:6 so apparently plural participle עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10, עשַֹׁיִךְ Isa 54:5 (Ges^{«GKC:124k»§ 124k} explanation as sg.).
c. make something, with לְ reflexive, make for thee Exod 20:4; Deut 9:12; Deut 10:1 +, for (ל) another 1Sam 2:19; 2Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 2:24 +; object מִשְׁתֶּה banquet Gen 40:20; Esth 5:4, also (no ל) Gen 29:22 (E) Judg 14:10; Esth 5:5; Esth 5:12 and (figurative, ׳י subject) Isa 25:6 with ל of thing, Deut 22:8 with ל of animal Gen 33:17 (J).
d. make a name (שֵׁם) for oneself (ל) 2Sam 7:9; 1Chr 17:8, also (no ל) 2Sam 8:13 a new heart for oneself (ל) Ezek 18:31.
e. make war with (אֶת) Gen 14:2; Josh 11:18 (D); with עִם, Deut 20:12; Deut 20:20; 1Chr 5:10; 1Chr 5:19 absolute 1Chr 22:8 with ל reflexive Prov 24:6 participle עשֵֹׁה מִלְחָמָה 2Chr 11:1; 2Chr 26:11; 2Chr 26:13 make peace, with ל person Josh 9:15 (J); אִתִּי בְרָכָה ׳ע 2Kgs 18:31 make an agreement with me. feminine with ב, ׳פֶּרֶץ בּ ׳ע Judg 21:15 ׳י brought a catastrophe upon (compare פרץ).
g. with 2 accusative, make something out of (accusative mater.) Exod 25:18; Exod 28:13; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:24; Song 3:10; Deut 10:3 +; make something into something (Ges^{«GKC:117ii»§ 117ii}) Hos 8:4; Gen 27:9; Judg 17:4; Num 11:8; Num 17:3; Ps 104:4 make something כָּלָה, i. e. utterly destroy it Nah 1:8; Zeph 1:18; Ezek 20:17; Neh 9:31 c. passive participle as 2nd accusative Exod 38:7 they made it נְבוּב לֻחֹת hollow with boards, Exod 39:9 but also with accusative + לְ, Hos 2:10 gold they made into (ל) the Baal, Judg 8:27; Exod 27:3 (P), Deut 9:14; Jer 37:15; Ezek 4:9; Isa 44:17; Isa 44:19 make something for (ל person), + מִן of material Song 3:9.

2. produce, yield: of grain, yielding meal Hos 8:7 (twice in verse), vineyard, grapes Isa 5:2 (twice in verse); Isa 5:4 (twice in verse); Isa 5:10, tree, fruit 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31; Hos 9:16; Jer 12:2; Jer 17:8; Ezek 17:23 (all figurative), Gen 1:11; Gen 1:12 (P); branches Job 14:9 and (figurative) Ezek 17:8 land, fruit Lev 25:21 compare Hab 3:17, absolute Gen 41:47 of seed Isa 5:10, vine, shoots Ezek 17:6 (figurative); of cows, yielding milk Isa 7:22 hippop. producing fat Job 15:27.

3. prepare, especially of dressing and cooking food, Gen 18:7; Gen 18:8; Judg 6:19; Judg 13:5; 1Sam 25:18 (passive), 2Sam 12:4 (twice in verse); Gen 27:14; Gen 27:17; Gen 27:31; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:7; 1Kgs 17:12; Exod 12:39 (+ ל reflexive); a bullock for sacrifice (see below) 1Kgs 18:23; 1Kgs 18:25; 1Kgs 18:26 כְּלֵי גוֺלָה Ezek 12:3 (+ ל reflexive); a chamber Neh 13:7 prepare to build (+ ל person and infinitive).

4. make offering, e.g. עוֺלָה Judg 13:16; Jer 33:18; Lev 16:24, עוֺלָה וָזֶבַח 2Kgs 5:17 (+ ל of deity), הַחַטָּאת Lev 14:19, אִשֶּׁה Num 15:3; Num 15:14, various offerings 1Kgs 8:64; Lev 9:22; Ezek 45:17; Ezek 46:2 +; + ׳לי to ׳י Lev 17:9 +; also with accusative of thing sacrificed (perhaps originally prepare or provide, see above) Ezek 43:25 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:15; Lev 14:30; Lev 15:15; Lev 15:30; Lev 16:9; Num 6:11; Num 6:17; Ps 66:15 (+ ל of deity) +; absolute = offer sacrifice Exod 10:25 (E + ׳לי), to (ל) heathen gods 2Kgs 17:32.

5. attend to, put in order: pare (the nails) Deut 21:12 wash (feet) 2Sam 19:25 trim (beard) v.2Sam 19:25 (compare French faire la barbe, German die Haare machen).

6. observe, celebrate, religious festival, e.g. passover Exod 12:48; Num 9:4; Num 9:6; Num 9:13; Josh 5:10, also (+ ׳לי) Exod 12:48; Num 9:10; Num 9:14 (all P), Deut 16:1 +; sabbath Exod 31:16; Deut 5:15 feast of weeks Deut 16:10, booths Deut 16:13, Purim Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27, etc.

7. acquire property of various kinds (compare 'make money') Gen 12:5; Gen 31:5 (J), Isa 15:7; Jer 17:11; Jer 48:36; Deut 8:18; Ezek 22:18; Ezek 28:4 (twice in verse); Ezek 38:12; 2Chr 32:29; Eccl 2:8 + ל reflexive Deut 8:17; 2Sam 15:1; 1Kgs 1:5 of fruits from vineyards, etc. Ps 107:37.

8. appoint priests 1Kgs 12:31; 1Kgs 13:33; 2Chr 2:17 (all + מִן source), a feast 1Kgs 12:32; 1Kgs 12:33 (+ ל person); ordain a sacrifice Num 28:6, a festal day Ps 118:24 institute, אוֺב וְיִדְּעֹנִי ghost and familiar spirit 2Kgs 21:6 = 2Chr 33:6 (compare Dr^{Deut 18:11}).

9. bring about, of ׳י's effecting a deliverance Exod 14:13 (לָכֶם), 1Sam 11:13; 2Sam 23:10 (insert also || 1Chr 11:13 Dr), v1Chr 11:12 cause, followed by clause with שֶׁ Eccl 3:14.

10. use, לִמְלַאכְתּוֺ ׳וְע 1Sam 8:16 passive Exod 38:24.

11. spend, pass, days of life Eccl 6:12. Niph`al₉₇ Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲשָׂה Judg 16:11 +; 3 feminine singular נֶעֶשְׂתָה 2Sam 17:23 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָשֶׂה Gen 29:26 +, 3 feminine singular with ו subordinate וְתֵעָשׂ Esth 5:6; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 (Ges^{«GKC:109»§ 109} f.), etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָשׂוֺת Esth 9:1; Esth 9:14, etc., Participle נַעֲשֶׂה Neh 5:18, etc.; —

1. be done (passive of Qal I 1):
a. subject מְלָאכָה Judg 16:11 (with ב instrumental), Neh 6:16 (with מֵאֵת אֱלֹהִים ), vNeh 6:9; Exod 12:16 + 4 t.; subject omitted Ezek 44:14, indefinite Esth 4:1 with כֵּן Esth 9:14 be done, כַּתּוֺרָה Ezra 10:3 be committed, of offence, Deut 13:15; Num 15:24; Eccl 4:1 + 3 t.; with negative not (yet) done, i.e. future Isa 46:10 be accomplished, performed, fulfilled Ezek 12:35; Ezek 12:38; Dan 11:36; Esth 5:5; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 be executed, carried out, of sentence Eccl 8:11, decree Esth 9:1 be followed, of counsel 2Sam 17:28 nearly = occur Eccl 1:9 (twice in verse); Eccl 1:13; Eccl 9:3; Eccl 9:6, subject מַעֲשֶׂה Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 4:3; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:17, subject הֶבֶל vEccl 8:14, עִנְיָן vEccl 8:15.
b. Imperfect with negative, is (are) not done, not according to usage, of flagrant offences Gen 20:9 (E), Gen 29:26 (with כֵּן), Gen 34:7 (both J), 2Sam 13:12 (כֵּן); hence (P) not to be done, forbidden by ׳י Lev 4:2; Lev 4:13; Lev 4:22; Lev 4:27; Lev 5:17.
c. be done to, with ל of animal 1Sam 11:7 (כֹּה); ל person Exod 2:4 (E) Exod 21:31 (E; כַּמִּשְׁפָּט), Isa 3:11; Jer 5:13 (כֹּה), Lev 24:19 (H; כֵּן), Num 15:34 (P) + 8 t.; be done for, ל person Judg 11:37; Esth 6:3, עִם person vEsth 6:3 ל of thing Num 15:11 (כָּכָה).
d. be done upon, against (ב) Dan 9:12.

2. (passive of Qal II):
a. be made, of conr. things 1Kgs 10:20 = 2Chr 9:19 (throne), Jer 3:16 (ark), 2Kgs 12:14; Ezek 43:18; Exod 25:31; Num 4:36 (P); with accusative mat; Lev 2:7.
b. be produced from (מִן) vine Num 6:4.
c. be prepared, of food Exod 12:16; Lev 6:14; Lev 7:9 (all P), Neh 5:18 (twice in verse).
d. be offered, מִנְחָה Lev 2:8; Lev 2:11, kid Num 28:15; Num 28:24.
e. be observed, passover 2Kgs 24:22; 2Kgs 24:23 (ל of deity) = 2Chr 35:18; 2Chr 35:19 Purim Esth 9:28. feminine be used + ל of thing Lev 7:24 (P); Lev 13:51 (P) Ezek 15:5 (twice in verse). Pu`al Perfect 1 singular עֻשֵּׂיתִי Ps 139:15 I was made.

BDB6436 H6213

II. [עָשָׂה] verb Pi`el press, squeeze (Late Hebrew עִשָּׂה Pi`el compel; ᵑ7 עַסִּי Pa`el crush, gnash (teeth); compare Arabic compress a woman); — Perfect 3 plural עִשּׂוּ דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלִים Ezek 23:3; Ezek 23:8 (unchaste act); Infinitive construct בַּעֲשׂוֺתדַּ֗֗֗דַּיִךְ vEzek 23:21 read Pi`el בְּעַשּׂוֺת (Ew Co Toy, and others).

do, made, done, did, make, …

ʿāśâ

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

to do, fashion, accomplish, make

(Qal)

to do, work, make, produce

to do

to make

to be done

כִּֽי

Conjunction for, that, because, but, when, …

Dictionary form: כִּי · kee

Conjunction

In the KJV here: them for

for ×2058 that ×621 because ×373 but ×221 when ×190 if ×94 and if ×49 though ×39

More options

because — Causal; explains the reason for a preceding statement.

that — Complementary/content clause; introduces indirect speech or thought.

since — Causal with a presupposed background fact.

when — Temporal; use where כִּי marks time rather than cause.

if — Conditional; use in hypothetical or legal-style clauses.

although — Concessive; acknowledges a contrasting reality.

BDB3937 H3587 H3588

כִּי noun [masculine] burning, branding (for form, compare רִי from רָוָה, אִי, צִי, עִי: Kö^{ii. 1. 64}) — only כִּי תַּחַת יֹ֑פִי Isa 3:24 branding instead of beauty, in judgment on women of Jerusalem.

BDB3995 H3588 H518

כִּי conjunction that, for, when (Moabite id,: Phoenician כ. Probably from the same demonstrative basis found in here, and in certain pronouns, as Aramaic דֵּךְ this (W^{SG 110 f.}); perhaps also ultimately akin with that, in order that, and then, enclitic, like Latin nam in quisnam?) —

1. that (ὅτι, German dass):
a. prefixed to sentences depending on an active verb, and occupying to it the place of an accusative: so constantly, after verbs of seeing, as Gen 1:10 וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים כִּי טוֺב and God saw that it was good, Gen 3:6; Gen 6:2; Gen 6:5; Gen 12:14 + often, hearing Gen 14:14; Gen 29:33, knowing Gen 22:12; Gen 24:14, telling Gen 3:11; Gen 12:18, repenting Gen 6:6; Gen 6:7, swearing Gen 22:16; Jer 22:5, believing Exod 4:5; Lam 4:12, remembering Ps 78:35, forgetting Job 39:15 אָמַר = command (late; in early Hebrew the words said are quoted) Job 36:10; Job 36:24 (זְכֹר in a command) Job 37:20 b 1Chr 21:18 (contrast 2Sam 24:18) etc.; טוֺב כּי it is good that ... 2Sam 18:2 + (usually the infinitive with, as Gen 2:18 see ibid.); Gen 37:26 מַהבֶּֿצַע כִּי נַהֲרֹג what profit that we should slay (imperfect)...? Mal 3:14 what proft כִּי שָׁמַרְנוּ that we have kept (perfect)...? Job 22:3 הַחֵפֶץ לְשַׁדַּי כִּי is it pleasure to Shaddai that...? after a pronoun, as Ps 41:12 by this I know that thou hast pleasure in me, that my enemy cannot triumph over me, Ps 42:5 these things will I remember...that (or how) I used to go, etc., Ps 56:10 this I know that God is for me Job 13:16 (הוא). And with כִּי repeated pleonastic after an intervening clause 2Sam 19:7; Jer 26:15 +; כִּי ֗֗֗ וְכִי Gen 3:6; Gen 29:12; Exod 4:31; Josh 2:9; Josh 8:21; Josh 10:1; 1Sam 31:7; 2Sam 5:12; 1Kgs 11:21; Jer 40:7; Jer 40:11 לֵאמֹר ֗֗֗ וְכִי Gen 45:26; Judg 10:10.
b. כִּי often introduces the direct narration (like , , and the Greek ὅτι recitativum, e.g. Luke 4:21), in which case it cannot be represented in English (except by inverted commas), Gen 21:30; Gen 29:33 and she said, ׳כִּי שׁמע י Yahweh hath heard, etc.; Exod 3:12 = Judg 6:16 and he said, כִּי אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I will be with thee, Josh 2:24; 1Sam 2:16 (see Dr) 1Sam 10:19 and ye have said to him, כִּי מֶלָךְ תָּשִׂים עָלֵינוּ Thou shalt set a king over us, 2Sam 11:23; 1Kgs 1:13; 1Kgs 20:5; Ruth 1:10, compare Ruth 2:21 (but in reply to a question כִּי may = because, see below 3; and so also in sentences giving the explanation of a proper name, Gen 26:22; Gen 29:32 (but De surely: see below), Exod 2:10 (compare Gen 4:25; Gen 41:51; Gen 41:52); in כִּי מָה, introducing an expostulation, 1Sam 29:8; 1Kgs 11:22; 2Kgs 8:13, it gives the reason for a suppressed 'Why do you say this?').
c. especially after an oath חַי אָ֫נִי, ׳חַי י etc., introducing the fact sworn to, Gen 42:16 by the life of Pharaoh, כִּי מְרַגְּלִים אַתֶּם (I say) that ye are spies; but though Hebrew usage probably gave it an asseverative force, English idiom does not require it to be expressed: Num 14:22; 1Sam 20:3 as ׳י liveth, כִּי כְפֶשַׂע בֵּינִי וּבֵין הַמָּוֶת there is but a step between me and death! 1Sam 26:16; 1Sam 29:6; Isa 49:18 +; 1Sam 14:44 כֹּהיַֿעֲשֶׂה אֱלֹהִים וְכֹה יוֺסִיף כִּי מוֺת תָּמוּת thus may God do and more also: thou shalt surely die! 2Sam 3:35; 1Kgs 2:23; Ruth 1:17 and elsewhere — Note that כִּי when thus used is often repeated after an intervening clause, in order that its force may be fully preserved: Gen 1:39 כִּי מוֺת יָמוּת (אִםיֶֿשְׁנוֺ בְּיוֺנָתָן בְּנִי) כִּי ׳חַי י 1Sam 25:34; 2Sam 2:27 ׳כִּי אָז וג (לוּלֵא דִּבַּרְתָּ) כִּי, 2Sam 3:9; 2Sam 15:21 Qr 1Kgs 1:30; Jer 22:24.
d. כִּי is used sometimes with advs. and interjs. to add force or distinctness to the affirmation which follows:
(a) so especially in אַף כִּי (see אַף); הֲכִי is it that . . .? (as a neutral interrogative) 2Sam 9:1, (expecting a negative answer) Gen 29:15 is it that thou art my brother, and shalt (therefore) serve me for nothing? Job 6:22 is it that I have said, Give unto me? expressing surprise Gen 27:36 is it that he is called Jacob, and has (hence) supplanted me twice? 2Sam 23:19 an affirm. answer is required (which would imply הֲלֹא כִי): read probably with the || 1Chr 11:25 הִנּוֺ be-hold, he, etc.; אִםלֹֿא כִּי Deut 32:30 were it not that .. .; אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2 of a truth (is it) that ye are the people, etc.; אַךְ כִּי 1Sam 8:9 אֶפֶם כִּי Num 13:28 +; גַּם כִּי Ruth 2:21 הֲלֹא כִי 1Sam 10:1 (but see ᵐ5 Dr), 2Sam 13:28 הִנֵּה כִי Ps 128:4 compare Ps 118:10 כִּי אֲמִיַלם ׳בְּשֵׁם י in the name of ׳י (is it) that — or (I say) that — I will mow them down; Job 39:27 doth the vulture mount up at thy command, וְכִי יָרִים קִנּוֺ and (is it) that it (so) makes high its nest? Isa 36:19 have the gods of the nations delivered each his land etc.? . . . וְכִי הִצִּילוּ i.e. (Hi) and (is it) that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand? > (Ew^{§ 354 c} De Di) and that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand! = how much less (אַף כִּי) have they, etc.! (|| 2Kgs 18:34 כִּי alone, perhaps conformed by error to v2Kgs 18:35; 2Chr 32:15 אַף כִּי, which however does not decide the sense of the original וְכִי). 1Chr 29:14 וְכִי מִי read ומי or כי מי
(b) in introducing the apodosis, especially in כִּי עַתָּה (chiefly after לוּלֵא) indeed then . . ., Gen 31:42; Gen 43:10 for unless we had tarried כִּי עַתָּה שַׁבְנוּ surely then we had returned twice, Num 22:33 (read לוּלֵי for אוּלַי); so 1Sam 14:30 ᵐ5 (after לוּא), and 1Sam 13:13 Hi We (לֻא for לֹא); after אִם Job 8:6 surely then he will awake over thee, etc. (But elsewhere כִּי עַתָּה is simply for now, Gen 29:32; Job 7:21 +; or for then = for in that case, Exod 9:15; Num 22:29; Job 3:13; Job 6:3 +). It is dubious whether כִּי אָז has the same sense: for 2Sam 2:27; 2Sam 19:7 the כִּי in כִּי אָז may be merely resumptive of the כִּי recitation preceding (see a, c). Rare otherwise: Exod 22:22 if thou afflict him כִּי אִםצָֿעֹק יִצְעַק 'tis that (= indeed), if he cries unto me, I will hear him, Isa 7:9 if ye believe not כִּי לֹא תֵאֵָמנוּ ׃ indeed ye will not be established.
e. there seem also to be other cases in which כִּי, standing alone, has an intensive force, introducing a statement with emphasis, yea, surely, certainly (German ja — a lighter particle than these English words): see in AV RV Exod 18:11; Num 23:23; 1Sam 17:25; 1Sam 20:26; 2Kgs 23:22; Isa 32:13; Isa 60:9; Jer 22:22; Jer 31:19; Hos 6:9; Hos 8:6; Hos 9:12; Hos 10:3; Amos 3:7; Ps 76:11; Ps 77:12 (Ew Che), Prov 30:2 (but not if construed as RVm), Eccl 4:16; Eccl 7:7; Eccl 7:20; Job 28:1 +; Lam 3:22 (ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew Th Öttli) the mercies of ׳י, surely they are not consumed (read probably תַמּוּ or תָֽמְמוּ for תמנו), Ruth 3:12 כִּי אָמְנָם yea, indeed. But it is doubtful whether כִּי has this force in all the passages for which scholars have had recourse to it, and whether in some it is not simply = for. De^{Prov 30:1} would restrict the usage to cases in which a suppressed clause may be understood. feminine that, expressing consecution, especially after a question implying surprise or deprecation: followed by perf., Gen 20:9 what have I sinned against thee כִּי הֵבֵאתָ עָלַי that thou hast brought upon me? 1Sam 22:8; Isa 22:1 what aileth thee, that thou art gone up, etc.? vIsa 22:16; Isa 36:5; Isa 52:5; Mic 4:9; Hab 2:18 followed by participle Judg 14:3; 1Sam 20:1; 1Kgs 18:9 how have I sinned that thou art giving, etc.? 2Kgs 5:7; Ezek 24:19 usually followed by imperfect Exod 3:11 who am I כִּי אֵלֵךְ that I should go, etc.? Exod 16:7; Judg 8:6; Judg 9:28; 2Kgs 8:13; Isa 7:13; Isa 29:16 (also perfect), Ps 8:5 what is man כִּי תִזְכְּרֶנּוּ? Job 3:12 or why the breasts כִּי אִינָָֽק ׃ that I should suck? Job 6:11 מַהכֹּֿחִי כִּי אִַיַחֵל, Job 7:12; Job 7:17; Job 10:5f.; Job 13:25f.; Job 15:12f; Job 15:14; Job 16:3; Job 21:15 +; after a negative, Gen 40:15 here also I have done nothing כִּי שָׂמוּ that they should have placed me in the dungeon, Ps 44:19f. our heart has not turned backward, etc. כִּי דִכִּיתָנוּ that thou shouldst have crushed us, etc., Isa 43:22 not me hast thou called on, כִּי יָגַעְתָּ בִּי that thou shouldst have wearied thyself with me, Hos 1:6 (see RV), Job 41:2; Ruth 1:12 I am too old to have an husband כִּי אָמַרְתִּי that I should have said, etc. (compare Ew^{§ 337 a}; Dr^{§ 39} δ).
g. added to preps. כִּי converts them, like אֲשֶׁר, into conjs. ..., as יַעַן כִּי because that...: see below יַעַן, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, תַּחַת.

2. a. Of time, when, of the past וַיְהִי כִּי Gen 6:1 (compare Bu^{Urg. 6}), Gen 26:8; Gen 27:1; 2Sam 6:13; 2Sam 7:1; 2Sam 19:26 + (כַּאֲשֶׁר and especially כְּ with infinitive, are more frequently); וְהָיָה כִּי (simple וְ) 1Sam 1:12; 1Sam 17:48; Josh 22:7; Judg 2:18; Judg 12:5 והיה כי יאמרו and it would be, whenever (frequently) they said, Jer 44:19 (participle), Hos 11:1; Ps 32:3 כי החרשׁתי when I was silent, Job 31:21; Job 31:26; Job 31:29 of present (usually with imperfect) as Exod 18:16 כִּי יִהְיֶה לָהֶם דָּבָר when they have a matter, 1Sam 24:20; Isa 1:12; Isa 30:21; Jer 14:12; Zech 7:5; Zech 7:6; Mal 1:8; Ps 49:19 and men praise thee כִּי תֵיטִיב לָ֑ךְ when thou doest well to thyself, Ps 102:1; Ps 127:5 +, with perfect Ezek 3:19-21; Ezek 33:9; Prov 11:15; Prov 23:22 especially of future, as Gen 4:12 כִּי תַעֲבֹד אֶתהָֿאֲדָמָה when thou shalt till the ground it shall not, etc., Gen 24:41; Gen 30:33; Gen 31:49; Gen 32:18; Exod 7:9 when Pharaoh shall speak unto you, Deut 4:25; Deut 6:20 +; in phrase (׳תאֹמַר וג) וְכִי תאֹמְרוּ Lev 25:20; Deut 18:21; Isa 8:19; Isa 36:7; Jer 13:22 and especially in ... וְהָיָה כִּי Gen 12:12; Gen 46:33; Deut 6:10; Deut 15:16; 1Sam 10:7; 1Sam 25:30; Isa 8:21; Isa 10:12 + often; with perfect Isa 16:12; 1Chr 17:11 (altered from imperfect 2Sam 7:12); with participle (unusual) Num 33:51; Num 34:2; Deut 11:31; Deut 18:9.
b. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usually represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם: — (mostly with imperfect) Gen 38:16; Num 5:20; Num 10:32; Deut 6:25; Deut 7:17; Deut 28:2; Deut 28:13; 1Sam 20:13; 2Sam 19:8; 2Kgs 4:29; 2Kgs 18:22; Jer 38:15; Prov 4:8; Job 7:13 (כי אמרתי when I say), Job 19:28 often in laws, as Exod 21:14; Exod 21:33; Exod 21:35; Exod 21:37; Exod 22:4; Exod 22:5 etc., Deut 13:13; Deut 14:24; Deut 15:7; Deut 15:12; Deut 17:2; Deut 18:6; Deut 18:21 etc.; sometimes, in particular, to state a principle broadly, after which special cases are introduced by אִם, as Exod 21:2 when (כִּי) thou buyest a Hebrew servant, he shall serve thee six years, after which vExod 21:3-5 follow four special cases with אִם if: so Exod 21:7 (כי), vExod 21:8-11 (אם); vExod 21:18 (כי), vExod 21:19 (אם); vExod 21:20 (כי), vExod 21:21 (אם); vExod 21:22 f; vExod 21:28-32; Lev 1:2 (כי), vLev 1:3 vLev 1:10 (אם) Lev 4:2; Lev 4:3; Lev 4:13; Lev 4:27; Lev 4:32; Lev 13:2ff. Num 30:3ff. +; though this distinction is not uniformly observed, contrast e.g. Exod 21:5 with Deut 15:16; Num 5:19 and vNum 5:20. —

N.B. with כִּי = when or if, the subject is often prefixed for distinctness and emphasis: 1Kgs 8:37 רָעָב ׳כִּייִֿהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ דֶּבֶר כִּי יִהְיֶה וג, Isa 28:18; Mic 5:4 אַשּׁוּר כִּייָֿבאֹ בְאַרְצֵנוּ, Ps 62:11; Ezek 3:19 (וְאַתָּה), Ezek 14:9; Ezek 14:13; Ezek 18:5; Ezek 18:18; Ezek 18:21; Ezek 33:6 (compare vEzek 33:2); and especially in laws of P, as כִּי ֗֗֗ אָדָם Lev 1:2; Lev 13:2, ... נֶפֶשׁ כִּי Lev 2:1; Lev 4:2; Lev 5:1; Lev 5:4; Lev 5:15, similarly Lev 15:2; Lev 15:16; Lev 15:19; Lev 15:25; Lev 22:12; Lev 22:13; Lev 22:14 etc., rather differently Num 5:20.
c. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though: —
(a) with imperfect Jer 4:30 (3 t. in verse); Jer 14:12; Jer 49:16 כִּיתַֿגְבִּיהַּ כַּנֶּשֶׁר קִנֶּ֑ךָ though thou make high like the vulture thy nest, I will bring thee down thence, Jer 51:53; Hos 13:15; Zech 8:6; Ps 37:24; Ps 49:19f. though in his lifetime he bless himself ... he shall come, etc., perhaps also Jer 46:23 Ew (but Hi Gf Ke for), Jer 50:11 Ew Ke (Hi yea); and strengthened by גַּם, גַּם כִּי Isa 1:5; Ps 23:4 (compare Dr^{§ 143});
(b) with perf. (rare) Mic 7:8 כִּי נָפַלְתִּי קָ֑מְתִּי though I have fallen, I rise, Nah 1:10 (si vera 1.), Ps 21:12 (Hi Ew Now), Ps 119:88 (Ew De).

3. Because, since ὅτι —
a. Gen 3:14 because thou hast done this, cursed art thou, etc., vGen 3:17; Gen 18:20; Gen 17:20 the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah — because it is great ... (subject prefixed for emphasis: compare 2

N.B.) Isa 28:15 in answer to a question, Gen 27:20; Exod 1:19; Exod 18:15; 2Sam 19:43 +. Enunciating the conditions under which a future action is conceived as possible (German indem) Lev 22:9; Deut 4:29 כי תדרשׁנו, Deut 12:20 (see Dr), vDeut 12:25 vDeut 12:28; Deut 13:19; Deut 14:24; Deut 16:15; Deut 19:6; Deut 19:9 +, 1Kgs 8:35 (compare v1Kgs 8:33 אֲשֶׁר), v1Kgs 8:36 כִּי תוֺרֵם, Prov 4:8b.
b. more commonly the causal sentence follows, as Gen 2:3 and God blessed the seventh day ׳כִּי בוֺ שָׁבַת וג because on it he rested, etc., Gen 4:25 etc., in which case it may often be rendered for, Gen 2:5; Gen 2:28; Gen 3:20; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:7; Gen 6:12; Gen 6:13; Ps 6:3 heal me כִּי נִבְהֲלוּ עֲצָמָ֑י for my bones are vexed, Ps 10:14; Ps 25:16; Ps 27:10 + very often specifically after verbs expressive of mental emotions, as rejoicing Isa 14:29; Ps 58:11, being angry Gen 31:35; Gen 45:5, fearing Gen 43:18; Ps 49:17 etc. Iron. 1Kgs 18:27 for he is a god etc. (4 t.); Prov 30:4; Job 38:5 כִּי תֵדָ֑ע for or since thou knowest. With subject prefixed Ps 128:2. Repeated (with anacoluthon) Isa 49:19.
c. the causal relation expressed by כִּי is sometimes subtle, especially in poetry, and not apparent without careful study of a passage. Thus sometimes it justifies a statement or description by pointing to a pregnant fact which involves it, as Isa 3:8a Job 6:21 (ground of the comparison vJob 6:15-20), Job 14:16 (For...: ground of the wishes expressed vJob 14:13-15), Job 16:22 (ground of vJob 16:20f.) Job 30:26 (For ...), or by pointing to a general truth which it exemplifies Job 5:6 (reason why complaining vJob 5:2-5 is foolish), Job 15:34; Job 23:14 sometimes it is explicative, justifying a statement by unfolding the particulars which establish or exemplify it 2Sam 5:7; 2Sam 7:8; Isa 9:4; Isa 10:8-11; Isa 13:10 (development of vIsa 13:9a); Isa 32:6 f. (developing the characters of the נָבָל and כִּילַי, and so explaining why they will no longer be esteemed vIsa 32:5); Job 11:16ff. (explicit of vJob 11:15b), Job 18:8 ff. (justifying vJob 18:7), Job 22:26 ff. (justifying vJob 22:25); elsewhere the cause is expressed indirectly or figuratively Isa 2:6 (reason why invitation vIsa 2:5 is needed), Isa 5:10 (sterility of the soil the cause of the desolation vIsa 5:9), Isa 18:5; Isa 28:8 (proof of the intoxication vIsa 28:7), Isa 31:7 (reason for the exhortation vIsa 31:6: the certainty that the folly of idolatry will soon be recognized), Job 7:21 (for soon it will be too late to pardon), Job 27:8-10 (Job wishes his enemy the lot of the wicked, because this is so hopeless); or כִּי relates not to the see which immediately precedes or follows, but to several, as Isa 7:16f. (Isa 7:17 specially the ground of the people being reduced to simple fare vIsa 7:15), Isa 21:6ff. (ground of the statements vIsa 21:1-5), Job 4:5 (ground of vJob 4:2), Job 14:7-12 (Job 14:10-12 specially the ground for the appeal in vJob 14:6), Job 23:10-13 (ground why God cannot be found vJob 23:8f.), Ps 73:21 (ground not of vPs 73:20, but of the general train of thought vPs 73:2); similarly Gen 4:24; Deut 18:14; Jer 30:11 the reason lies not in the words immediately after כִּי, but in the second part of the sentence; or, on the other hand, it may state the reason for a particular word, Isa 28:20 (justifying 'nought but terror' vIsa 28:19), Job 23:17 (God's hostility vJob 23:16 the cause of his misery, not the calamity as such). Sometimes also כִּי, in a poetic orrhetorical style, gives the reason for a thought not expressed but implied, especially the answer to a question; Isa 28:11 (the mockeries of vIsa 28:10 have a meaning) 'for with men of strange lips, etc. he will speak unto this people,' who will retort the mockeries, charged with a new and terrible meaning, upon those who uttered them (Isa 28:13); = (no,) for Isa 28:28 (see RVm), Job 22:2b no, he that is wise is profitable to himself, Job 31:18; Job 39:14 (see vJob 39:13b), Ps 44:24 (he cannot do this, vPs 44:23) for for thy sake are we killed, etc., Ps 130:4 no, with thee is forgiveness; = (yes,) for Isa 49:25 (see the question vIsa 49:24), Isa 66:8.
d. כִּי ֗֗֗ כִּי ἀσυνδέτως sometimes introduce the proximate and ultimate cause respectively, Gen 3:19; Gen 26:7; Gen 43:32; Gen 47:20; Exod 23:33 for [else] thou wilt serve their gods, for it will be a snare to thee, Isa 2:6 (twice in verse); Isa 3:8 (twice in verse); Isa 6:5a, b; Isa 10:22f.; Job 6:3f.; Job 8:8; Job 8:9 (twice in verse); Job 24:17 (twice in verse); Job 29:11f.; sometimes they introduce two co-ordinate causes (where we should insert and), Exod 23:21; Exod 23:22; Isa 6:5b,c I am undone, because I am of unclean lips..., because mine eyes have seen ׳י of hosts, Isa 15:5 (twice in verse); Isa 15:6 (twice in verse); Isa 15:8; Isa 15:9; Zeph 3:8f.; Job 15:25; Job 15:27; Job 20:19f.; Job 31:11f. But כִּי ֗֗֗ וְכִי also occurs, Gen 33:11; Num 5:20 (if), Josh 7:15; Judg 6:30; 1Sam 19:4; 1Sam 22:17; 1Kgs 2:26; Isa 65:16 +.
e. after a negative כִּי for becomes = but (German sondern): Gen 17:15 thou shalt not call her name Sarai, כִּי שָׂרָה שְׁמָהּ for (= but) Sarah shall be her name, Gen 24:3f.; Gen 45:8; Exod 1:19; Exod 16:8 not against us are your murmurings, ׳כי עליֿ for (they are) against ׳י = but against ׳י, Deut 21:17; 1Sam 6:3 (אַל), 1Sam 27:1 (see Dr), 1Kgs 21:17; Isa 10:7; Isa 28:27; Isa 29:23; Isa 30:5; Ps 44:8; Ps 118:17 + often; so in לא כי nay, for = nay, but, as Gen 18:15 לֹא כִּי צָחָֽקְתְּ nay, but thou didst laugh, Gen 19:2; Gen 42:12; Josh 5:14; 1Sam 2:16 MSS ᵐ5 (see Dr), 1Sam 12:12; 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 2:30; 1Kgs 3:22; 1Kgs 11:22; Isa 30:16 nay, but we will flee upon horses.

Note. — כִּי is sometimes of difficult and uncertain interpretation, and in some of the passages quoted a different explanation is tenable. Authorities especially read the Hebrew differently, when the choice is between for and yea. E.g. Isa 8:23 Ges Ew^{§ 330 b} doch (no, but); Hi Di for (taking vIsa 8:22 as RVm); Ch surely: Isa 15:1 Ges Ew Hi Di surely; De for: Isa 39:8 Ges Hi De surely; Di for (explanation of טוֺב): Ezek 11:16 Hi Ke Co surely; Ew Sm because. — In Exod 20:25 the tense of וַתְּחַלֲלֶהָ makes it probably that כֹּי is for (Dr^{§ 153}). Job 22:29 is taken with least violence to usage (גַּאֲוָה) as Hi When they humble thee, and thou sayest (= complainest) Pride! he will save, etc. כִּי אִםֿ (the אִם always followed by makkeph, except Gen 15:4; Num 35:33; Neh 2:2, where כִּיאִֿם is read by the Mass.: Fr^{MM 241}) —

1. each particle retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
a. that if Jer 26:15 after an oath (כִּי not translated: see כִּי 1 c) if 1Sam 14:39; Jer 22:24, surely not (אִם 1 b 2) 2Sam 3:35; 1Sam 25:34 (כִּי being resumptive of the כִּי before לוּלֵי: see כִּי 1 c); Exod 22:22 (in apodosis) indeed if . . . (see כִּי 1 d).
b. for if Exod 8:17; Exod 9:2; Exod 10:4; +, for though Isa 10:22; Jer 37:20; Amos 5:22, but if Jer 7:5.

2. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause —
a. limiting the preceding clause, except (after a negative, or an oath, or question, the equivalent of a negative) — the most usual term for expressing this idea: followed by verb Gen 32:27 I will not let thee go; כִּי אִםבֵּֿרַכְתָּֽנִי literally but (כִּי 3 e) if thou bless me (that is, I will let thee go), i.e., subordinating the second clause to the first, 'I will not let thee go, except thou bless me;' Lev 22:6 he shall not eat of the holy things כִּי אִםרָֿחַץ except he have washed his flesh, Isa 65:6; Amos 3:7; Ruth 3:18; Lam 5:21f. (Ew Näg Ke Che Öttli), turn thou us unto thee, etc., unless thou have utterly rejected us, (and) art very wroth with us (= Or hast thou utterly rejected us? etc. Ew Öttli); followed by a noun, except, but, Gen 28:17 this is nothing ׳כִּי אִםבֵּֿית הָאֱ but the house of God, Gen 32:9 he withholds from me nothing כִּי אִםאֿוֺתָךְ except thee, Lev 21:2; Num 14:30 (after אִם), Num 26:65 (compare Num 32:12 בִּלְתִּי), Josh 14:4; 1Sam 30:17; 1Sam 30:22; 2Sam 12:3 אֵין כֹּל כִּי אִםֿ (so 2Kgs 4:2), 2Kgs 19:29; 1Kgs 17:1 (after אִם), 1Kgs 22:31; 2Kgs 5:15; 2Kgs 9:35; 2Kgs 13:7; Jer 22:17; Jer 44:14 +; after אַל, 2Chr 23:6 followed by an adverb clause, Gen 42:15; Num 35:33; 2Sam 3:13 (but כִּי אִם and לִפְנֵי are mutually exclusive: read probably with ᵐ5 כִּי אִםהֵֿבֵיאתָ); after an interrogative Isa 42:19 who is blind כִּי אִםעַֿבְדִּי but my servant ? (who is blind in comparison with him ?), Deut 10:12; Mic 6:8; Eccl 5:10; 2Chr 2:5.
b. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic (compare אִם 1 c), so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but (= a slightly strengthened כִּי), Gen 15:4 this man shall not be thy heir; ׳כִּי אִםאֲֿשֶׁר וג but one that shall come forth from thy own bowels, he shall be thy heir (compare 1Kgs 8:19), 1Kgs 32:29 thy name shall no more be called Jacob כִּי אִםיִֿשְׂרָאֵל but Israel (compare כִּי alone 1Kgs 17:15), 1Kgs 47:18 we will not hide it from my lord, but the money . . . is all made over to, etc., Exod 12:9 not boiled in water, but roast with fire, Deut 7:5; Deut 12:5; Deut 16:6; Josh 23:8; 1Sam 2:15 he will not take of thee boiled flesh כִּי אִםחָֽֿי׃ but raw, 1Sam 8:19 לֹא כִּי אִםמֶֿלֶךְ יִהְיֶה עָלֵינוּ nay, but a king shall be over us (compare כי alone, 1Sam 10:19; 1Sam 12:12), 1Sam 21:5; 2Sam 5:6; 1Kgs 18:18; 2Kgs 10:23 (פֶּן), Isa 33:21; Isa 55:10; Isa 55:11; Isa 59:2; Jer 3:10; Jer 7:32; Jer 9:23; Jer 16:15; Jer 20:3; Jer 44:10; Ps 1:2; Ps 1:4; Prov 23:17 (אַל) Psalm +; with the principal verb repeated (as Gen 15:4; 1Kgs 8:19), Lev 21:14; Ezek 44:22; Num 10:30; 2Kgs 23:23; Jer 39:12 Kt (Qr omit אִם), compare Jer 7:23. Occasionally in colloquial language, the negative, it seems, is left to be understood: 1Sam 26:10 as ׳י liveth, (by no means,) כִּי אִם but ׳י shall smite him, 2Sam 13:33 Kt (by no means,) but Amnon alone is dead (Qr omits אִם). Followed by imperative Isa 65:18; Ezek 12:23; Jer 39:12; 2Chr 25:8. Sometimes also, though rarely (and not certainly), כִּי אִם appears to have the force of only even without a previous negative: Gen 40:14 כִּי אִםזְֿכַרְתָּנִי אִתְּךָ only have (?) me in remembrance with thyself (but read perhaps אַךְ for כִּי; see Dr^{§ 119} δ n., the use of a bare perfect, without לוּ, or even waw consecutive, to express a wish or command is unexampled), Num 24:22 כִּי אִםֿ יִהְיֶה לְבָעֵר קָֽיִן׃ only, nevertheless, the Kenite shall be for extermination (compare Di), Job 42:8 (De Di) כִּי אִםפָּֿנָיו אֶשָּׂא
c. after an oath כִּי אִם appears to = a strengthened כִּי (compare בִּלְתִּי אִם, אִם ׃עַד אִם 1 c), introducing the fact sworn to (see כִּי 1 c): 2Kgs 5:20 as ׳י liveth, כִּי אִםרַֿצְתִּי surely I will run (perfect of certitude) after him, etc., Jer 51:14 (Ges Hi Gf RV) surley I will fill thee with men (namely, assailants), etc. (but Ew Ke Ch treat the particles as separate (כִּי as כִּי 1 c): though I have filled thee with men —; i.e. increased thy population, — yet shall they — the assailants — lift up the shout against thee), 2Sam 15:21 Kt (Qr omits אִם); after an assever. particle Ruth 3:12 Kt וְעַתָּה כִּי אָמְנָם כִּי אִם גּוֺאֵל אָנֹכִי and now, yea indeed, surely I am thy kinsman (Qr omits אִם); the oath being understood, Judg 15:7 if ye do thus, כִּי אִםנִֿקַּמְתִּי surely (Ges hercle) I will avenge myself, 1Sam 21:6 כִּי אִםאִֿשָּׁה עֲצֻרָה לָנוּ of a truth women have been kept from us, etc., 1Kgs 20:6 surely tomorrow I will send, etc., Prov 23:18 (see De) surely there is a reward; perhaps also Job 42:8.

BDB3996 H3588 H5921 H3651

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as, a peculiar phrase found Gen 18:5; Gen 19:8; Gen 33:10; Gen 38:26; Num 10:31; Num 14:43; Judg 6:22; 2Sam 18:20 Qr (rightly), Jer 29:28; Jer 38:4 — literally for therefore, emphasizing the ground pleonastically (Ew^{§ 353 a} ). The original force of the phrase is traceable in some of the passages in which it occurs, as Gen 18:5 let me fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort your heart; כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן עֲבַרְתֶּם עַל עַבְדְּכֶם for therefore (that is, to partake of such hospitality) are ye come to your servant, Num 14:43 the Amalekite and the Canaanite are there, and ye will fall by the sword, כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן שַׁבְתֶּם for therefore (to encounter such a fate) have ye turned back from ׳י etc.: but in process of time the distinct sense of its component parts was no doubt gradually obscured, and it thus came to be used conventionally, as a mere particle of causation, even where there was no preceding statement to which עַל כֵּן therefore could be explicitly referred. אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן appears to be used similarly (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Job 34:27.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

עַתָּ֫ה₄₃₅ (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Kö^{ii. 260}), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v^b Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr^{§ 141, 142}); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

BDB6202 H3282 H834 H3588

יַעַן₉₆ properly substantive, purpose, intention, but always used as preposition or conjunction, on account of, because (for יַעֲנֶה, of the form יִצְהָר etc., Sta^{§ 259} Kö^{ii. 403}; compare mean, intend): —

1. as preposition, rarely with a substantive, Ezek 5:9 יַעַן תּוֺעֲבוֺתֵיכֶם, Hag 1:9 יַעַן מָה, vHag 1:9 יַעַן בֵּיתִי; with a participle Ezek 36:13 יען אמרים because of men saying to you (but read probablyאָמְרָם, Co Toy Berthol); frequently with infinitive with, 1Kgs 21:20 יַעַן הִתְמַכֶּרְךָ on account of thy having sold thyself, Amos 5:11; Isa 30:12; Isa 37:29 (= 2Kgs 19:28) יַעֵן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אֵלַי, Jer 5:14; Jer 7:13; Jer 23:38; Jer 48:7, and often. (c. 18 t.) in Ezek., as Jer 5:7 (read יַעַן הַמְרֹתְכֶם), Jer 13:8; Jer 13:22; Jer 25:3; Jer 25:6; Jer 25:8; Jer 25:12.

2. As conjunction:
a. יַעַן אֲשֶׁר (32 t.), usually with perfect, as Gen 22:16 יען אשׁר עשׂית זאת because that thou hast done this, Deut 1:36 (Josh 14:14), Judg 2:20; 1Sam 30:22; 1Kgs 3:11; 1Kgs 8:18; Jer 19:4; Jer 25:8; Jer 29:23 (not Isaiah) +; with imperfect (in frequent. sense) Ezek 44:12.
b. יַען כִּי, Num 11:20 ׳יַעַן כִּי מְאַסְתֶּם אֶתיֿ, 1Kgs 13:21; 1Kgs 21:29; Isa 3:16; Isa 7:5; Isa 8:6; Isa 29:13.
c. יַעַן alone (23 t.), with perfect Num 20:12 יַעַן לֹא הֶאֱמַנְתֶּם בִּי, 1Sam 15:23; 1Kgs 14:13; 1Kgs 20:42; 2Kgs 22:19; Hos 8:1; Isa 61:1; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 with imperfect (frequently) Ezek 34:21 of the future Ezek 12:12 because he shall not see, etc., (but ᵐ5 Co Kau Berthol לְמַעַן אשׁר לא יֵרָאֶה לָעַיִן): usually the verb follows immediately, but Ezek. sometimes puts the object first for emphasis, Ezek 5:11 יַעַן אֶתמִֿקְדָּשִׁי טִמֵּאתָ, Ezek 20:16; Ezek 20:24; Ezek 36:6, compare Ezek 34:21.

3. יַעַן וּבְיַעַן, q.d. because and by the cause (that), followed by perhaps, Lev 26:43 (H) יען וביען בְּמִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָ֔סוּ, Ezek 13:10 יַעַן בְּיַעַז followed by infinitive, Ezek 36:3. (In all, reckoning יען (ו)ביען once each, 93 t., of which 20 are in 1-2 Kings, 11 in Jeremiah, 38 in Ezekiel; and only 9 in Genesis—2Samuel.)

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke^{217, 219, 241} S-C^{Pap. C 6, 7} +; lâinnî, however Soc^{Arab. Dial.} see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.

2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

for, that, because, but, when, …

kî

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

that

yea, indeed

when, if, though (with a concessive force)

עֲגָבִ֤ים

Root word love, lovely

Dictionary form: עֶגֶב · eh-ɡEB

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: much love

much love ×1 thou art unto them as a very lovely ×1

More options

sensual love — Highlights the physical, erotic dimension of the word.

ardent affection — Captures intense feeling; suitable for poetic or elevated prose.

amorous desire — Emphasizes romantic longing; good for narrative contexts.

passionate longing — Stresses emotional intensity over physical desire.

alluring charm — Foregrounds the effect on others; fits adjectival uses.

BDB5785 H5690

[עָגָב] noun [masculine] (sensuous) love (on form compare Lag^{BN 143}); — only plural intensive שִׁיר עֲגָבֹים Ezek 33:32 thou art to them as a love-song. — For עֲגָבִים vEzek 33:31 read כְּזָבִים ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Co Berthol Toy.

love, lovely

ʿegeb

love (concretely), i.e., amative words

(sensuous) love

בְּ פִי הֶם֙

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

פִי

Root word mouth, commandment, edge, according, word, …

הֶם֙

Suffix — pronoun their / them

Dictionary form: פֶּה · peh

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: with their mouth

mouth ×30 the commandment ×26 the mouth ×26 my mouth ×23 his mouth ×21 thy mouth ×18 of his mouth ×17 according to ×14

More options

mouth — Most literal; use for the physical organ or speech.

command — When פֶּה means an authoritative order or directive.

word — Softer than 'command'; suits spoken declarations or sayings.

edge — Used with swords or blades; 'the edge of the sword'.

according to — Idiomatic prepositional sense; matches proportional or conforming contexts.

speech — Highlights oral/verbal communication rather than the organ itself.

BDB6536 H6310 H6366 H6374

פֶּה₄₈₅ noun masculine^{Josh 9:2} mouth (probably biliteral [פו, פי] Sta^{§ 183}; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenician לפי according to; Assyrian pû, mouth; Arabic , , ; Ethiopic ; Syriac according to; but also Arabic , , , Biblical Aramaic פֻּם, ᵑ7 פּוּמָא; Syriac ; Mandean פומא Nö^{M § 87}); — absolute ׳פ Exod 4:10 +, construct פִּי Isa 1:20 +; suffix 1 singular פִּי Gen 45:12 +, 2 masculine singular פִּיךָ Gen 41:40 +, 3 masculine singular פִּיו Gen 25:28 +, פִּיהוּ Exod 4:15 +, 3 masculine plural פִּיהֶם Judg 7:6 +, פִּימוֺ Ps 17:10 + 2 t., etc.; plural פִּיּוֺת Prov 5:4, (שְׁנֵי) פֵיוֺת Judg 3:16, פִּיפִיּוֺת Isa 41:15; Ps 149:6 פִּים 1Sam 13:21 (corrupt, see Dr and others); —

1. a. mouth, of man, organ of eating and drinking Gen 25:28; Judg 7:6; 1Sam 14:26; 1Sam 14:27; Neh 9:20; Prov 19:24 = Prov 26:15 +; figurative as finding things sweet Job 20:12; Ps 119:103 figurative of earth Gen 4:11, swallowing Korah, etc. Num 16:30; Num 16:32; Num 26:10; Deut 11:6 figurative also of Sh®°ôl, וּפָֽעֲרָה פִיהָ Isa 5:14, compare Ps 69:16.
b. external organ, וַיָּשֶׂם פִּיו עַלפִּֿיו 2Kgs 4:34; Prov 30:20 of kissing 1Kgs 19:18; Song 1:2, וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי Job 31:27 compare phrase שִׂים יָד עַלפֶּֿה (of keeping silence) Judg 18:19; Mic 7:16; Job 21:5, compare Job 29:9; Job 40:4; Prov 30:32 of mocking triumph ׳פָּעַר עָלַי בְּפ Job 16:10 עַל ׳הִרְחִיב פ Ps 35:21; Isa 57:4, also רָחַב פִּי עַל 1Sam 2:1.
c. of ׳י in theoph., sending out fire 2Sam 22:9 = Ps 18:9.

2. a. much oftener, as organ of speech, of man: ׳פ speaks Gen 45:12; 2Sam 1:16; Isa 9:16; Job 9:20; Job 15:5; Job 15:6; Ps 37:30 +; speak בְּמוֺפִֿי Job 19:16 open ׳פ, ׳אֶליֿ Judg 11:35; Judg 11:36, absolute Job 3:1; Job 33:2 +; shut ׳פ (be silent) Isa 52:15, compare ׳חָשַׂךְ פ Job 7:11, and (of iniquity, personified) ׳קָצַף פ Job 5:16; Ps 107:42 guard ׳פ, Prov 13:3 (נָצַר), Prov 21:23 (שָׁמַר), compare ׳שָׁמַר פִּתְחֵי פ Mic 7:5, also Ps 39:2 (see שׁמר); words, etc., are in (ב) mouth 2Sam 17:5; 2Sam 18:25; Deut 30:14; 1Kgs 17:24 ׳שִׂים דְּבָרִים בְּפ 2Sam 14:3; 2Sam 14:19; Exod 4:15, also (God subject) Num 22:38; Num 23:12; Num 23:16 +; of utterance ׳יָצָא מִפּ Judg 11:36; Num 30:3; Num 32:24; +; depart from mouth (cease to be mentioned) ׳מוּשׁ מִפּ Josh 1:8; Isa 59:21, compare ׳נִכְרַת מִפּ Jer 7:28, לֹא יִשָּׁמַע עַלפִּֿיךָ Exod 23:13 ׳אִמְרֵי פ Deut 32:1 words of my mouth, so Job 8:2; Ps 19:15; Ps 54:4 ׳דְּבְרֵי פ Ps 36:4; Eccl 10:12 of agency, ׳כְּפּ by the mouth of 2Chr 36:21; 2Chr 36:22 = ׳מִפּ Ezra 1:1 דִּכֶּר פִּיו עִםפִּֿיו Jer 32:4 speak mouth to mouth = Jer 34:3 ׳פ = speech, sayings Isa 29:13; Ps 49:14; Eccl 10:3 ׳כְּבַד פ Exod 4:10 heavy of speech (not eloquent); ׳אֶהְיֶה עִםפֿ vExod 4:12 vExod 4:15, i.e. aid thee in speaking; ׳יִהְיֶהלְּֿךָ לְפ vExod 4:16 he shall be mouth for thee; מִפִּיו יִקְרָא אֵלַי Jer 36:18, i.e. dictate; ׳כָּתַב מִפּ see כָּתַב 1 b (3); bad qualities ascribed to it, ׳עִקְּשׁוּת פ Prov 4:24; Prov 6:12 פִּי תַהְפֻּכוֺת Prov 8:13 פֶּה חָלָק Prov 26:28 ׳אַלתַּֿגְדֵּל פ Obad 1:12, compare Mic 6:12; Ezek 35:13.
b. as laughing Job 8:21; Ps 126:2 panting Ps 119:131.
c. of God; his mouth speaks Isa 1:20; Isa 40:5; Jer 9:11 +; he speaks ׳בְּפ 1Kgs 8:15; 1Kgs 8:34 word proceeds ׳מִפּ Deut 8:3; Isa 45:23 +; פֶּה אֶלפֶּֿה אֲדַכֵּר כּוֺ Num 12:8 he creates בְּרוּחַ פִּיו Ps 33:6 he executes judgment כְּשֵׁבֶט פִּיו Isa 11:4 especially = command: ׳עָבַר אֶתפִּֿי י 1Sam 15:24; Num 14:41, compare Num 22:18; Prov 8:29 ׳פ (אֶתֿ) מָרָה 1Sam 12:14; 1Sam 12:15; Num 20:24; 1Kgs 13:21 +; compare 6 d. d. of idols, Ps 115:5; Ps 136:16; Ps 136:17.
e. of musical instrument = sound Amos 6:5 (compare 6 d).

3. of animals: bird Gen 8:11 (carrying), Isa 10:14 (chirping); ass Num 22:28 (speaking); bear, lion 1Sam 17:35 (seizing), Amos 3:12 (id.), hippop. Job 40:23 (drinking), crocodile Job 41:11; Job 41:13 (breathing flame); also of human foes, under figure of ravenous beasts Ps 22:22; Ezek 21:27; Ezek 34:10 פָּצָה עַל ׳פ Ps 22:14; Lam 2:16; Lam 3:46 hence of edge of sword, חֶרֶב פִּיּוֺת Prov 5:4 a sword with edges (in simile), = ׳ח פִּיפִיּוֺת Ps 149:6 compare Judg 3:16 see also 6 c (2), below; בַּעַל פִּיפִיּוֺת Isa 41:15, of מוֺרַג.

4. mouth = opening, orifice; of well Gen 29:2; Gen 29:3 (twice in verse); Gen 29:8; Gen 29:10 cave Josh 10:18; Josh 10:22; Josh 10:27 ravine, abyss Jer 48:28 (si vera lectio, compare Gie); also of Sh®°ôl Ps 141:7 of a sack Gen 42:27; Gen 43:12; Gen 43:21; Gen 44:1; Gen 44:2; Gen 44:8 ephah Zech 5:8 high-priest's robe Exod 28:32 + 5 t., compare probably Ps 133:2 tunic Job 30:18 of a round opening also 1Kgs 7:31 (3 t. in verse) (on text and meaning see Benz Kit); of mouth of Nile Isa 19:7 (others brink); gate of city Prov 8:3 (but read perhaps לִפְנֵי, see Toy).

5. a. extremity, end פֶּה לָפֶה from end to end, of a temple 2Kgs 10:21 city 2Kgs 21:16, מִפֶּה אֶלפֶּֿה of land Ezra 9:11.
b. = portion, פִּי שְׁנַיִם Deut 21:17; 2Kgs 2:9; Zech 13:8.

6. with prepositions: —
a. אֶל פִּי, see below d (2).
b. כְּפִי:
(a) according to the command of, 1Chr 12:23
(b) according to the mouth of, i.e. in proportion to (compare Assyrian ki-i pi-i, Dl^{HWB 325}), Exod 16:21 they gathered it אִישׁ כְּפִי אָכְלוֺ each in proportion to his eating (Exod 16:16 vExod 16:18 לְפִי), Lev 25:52 כְּפִי שָׁנָיו according to the number of his years (compare vLev 25:16 לְפִי); Num 6:21; Num 7:5 אִישׁ כְּפִי עֲבֹדָתוֺ (so 2Chr 31:2), 2Chr 7:7; 2Chr 7:8; 2Chr 35:8 (all P); Job 33:6 הֵןאֲֿנִי כְפִיךָ לָאֵל I am in the proportion of thee as regards God, i.e. I stand towards God even as thou dost. As conjunction, כְּפִי אֲשֶׁר, Mal 2:9 כְּפי אֲשֶׁר אֵינְכֶם שֹׁמְרִים אֶתדְּֿרָכַי accusative asye do not keep, etc.; and without אשׁר Zech 2:4 כְּפִי אִישׁלֹֿא נָשָׂא ראֹשׁוֺ in such proportion that none did lift up his head (but We Now אֲשֶׁר for אִישׁ, that it, Judah, did not, etc.).
c. לְפִי, nearly the same with כְּפִי (see לְ 5 i b), but more common (compare Aramaic לְפוּם, ): (1) Gen 47:12 לְפִי הַטָּ֑ף, Exod 12:4 ye shall compute אִישׁ לְפִי אָכְלוֺ each according to his eating (according to the quantity which his family will consume), Exod 16:16; Exod 16:18; Lev 25:16 לְפִי רֹב הַשָּׁנִים, vLev 25:16 vLev 25:51; Lev 27:16 לְפִי זַרְעוֺ, Num 26:54; Josh 18:4; 1Kgs 17:1 except לְפִי דְבָרִי, Hos 10:12 קִצְרוּ לְפִי חֶסֶד (|| לִצְדָקָה), Prov 12:8; Prov 27:2: followed by infinitive Num 9:17 לְפִי הֵעָלוֺת הֶעָנָן = accusative as the cloud was lifted up, Jer 29:10. (2) in the phrase לְפִי חֶרֶב according to the mouth, or measure, of the sword, i.e. as the sword devours, without quarter, Gen 34:26; Exod 17:13; Num 21:24 + often
d. עַל פִּי: (1) according to (עַל 1 f a) the mouth of, i.e.
(a) the command of, Gen 41:40; Gen 45:21; Exod 17:1; Exod 38:21; Num 3:16; Num 3:39 + (especially P), 2Kgs 23:35 (β) the evidence or sentence of, Deut 17:6 עַלפִּֿי עֵד אֶחָד, Deut 19:15; Deut 21:5 (on עַלפִּֿי הַנָּ֑בֶל Amos 6:5, see 2 e above). (2) according to the measure of, in accordance with, Gen 43:7 we told him על פי הדברים האלה according to these words (i.e. the questions Joseph asked), Exod 34:27 in accordance with these words, Lev 27:8 עלפֿי אשׁר תַּשִּׂיג יַד הנֹּדֵר according to what the hand of the vower can reach to, vLev 27:18 (compare לְפִי Lev 25:16; Lev 25:51), Deut 17:10; Deut 17:11; 2Sam 13:32 (but see שׂוּמָה), Prov 22:6 חֲנֹךְ לַנַּעַר על פי דרכו. In the same sense אֶל פִּי, Josh 15:13; Josh 17:4; Josh 21:3.

BDB9814 H6310 H6433

פֻּם noun masculine^{Dan 7:8} mouth (compare Biblical Hebrew פֶּה; on form see K^{§ 61, 2}) M^{§ 76f.}); — ׳פ absolute Dan 7:8; Dan 7:20, construct Dan 4:28 +, suffix פֻּמֵּהּ (on form see K^l.c. Nö^{Zur Gram. d. Class.} Arabic 15 (1896) (expansion of biliteral √), Ba^{ZMG xii (1887), 633 f.}) Dan 7:5 — mouth of king Dan 4:28, lions Dan 6:23, beast (in vision) Dan 7:5, horn (ib.) vDan 7:8 vDan 7:20 mouth of pit Dan 6:18.

פַּס see פסם. below

mouth, commandment, edge, according, word, …

pe

the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with preposition) according to

mouth

mouth (of man)

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: הֵם · hame

Noun — masculine plural plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: they

they ×204 and they ×49 in those ×34 are they ×33 these ×15 but they ×12 them ×10 those ×8

More options

they — Default third-person plural pronoun; broadest usage.

them — Use when serving as object of verb or preposition.

those — Demonstrative use; points to a specific group or set.

these — Demonstrative, near reference; contrasts with distant group.

who — Relative pronoun use; links back to a preceding noun.

themselves — Reflexive or emphatic contexts stressing the subject.

BDB2087 H1931 H1992 H2007

הוּא masculine הִיא feminine (plural masculine הֵ֫מָּה, הֵם; feminine הֵ֫נָּה, הֵן [the latter only with prefixes]; see these words), pronoun of the 3rd person singular, he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it, Latin is, ea, id. (The א is not orthographic merely, but radical, being written on Moabite and Phoenician inscriptions, though dropped in some of the later dialects. [In Hebrew only Jer 29:23 Kt, and in the proper name אֱלִיהוּ.] Moabite (MI^{6; 27}) and Phoenician (often) הא; Aramaic of Zinjirli הא, once הו (DHM^{Inschr. von Sendschirli 55}); ᵑ7 הוּא, הִיא Syriac , ; Arabic , (for h¥°a, h£°a, W^{SG 104}); Ethiopic we°§t¥, ye°§t£; perhaps also Assyrian šû, šî, himself, herself suffix šu, ši; compare demonstrative šuatu, šiati (see Krae^{BAS. i. 383 & references}, W^{SG 98, 105} Dl^{§ 55b, 57}). In the Pentateuch, הוא is of common gender, the feminine form הִיא occurring only 11 times, namely Gen 14:2; Gen 20:5; Gen 38:25 (see Masora here), Lev 11:39; Lev 13:10; Lev 13:21; Lev 16:31; Lev 20:17; Lev 21:9; Num 5:13; Num 5:14. The punctuators, however, sought to assimilate the usage of the Pentateuch to that of the rest of the OT, and accordingly wherever הוא was construed as a feminine pointed it הִוא (as a Qr perpetuum). Outside the Pentateuch the same Qr occurs 1Kgs 17:15; Isa 30:33; Job 31:11a — probably for the sake of removing gramm. anomalies: five instances of the converse change, namely of היא to be read as הוּא, occur for a similar reason, 1Kgs 17:15 (וַתּאֹכַל הוּאוָֿהִיא to be read as וַתּאֹכַל הִיאוָֿהוּא, on account of the feminine verb) Ps 73:16; Job 31:11b (כי הוא זמה והיא עָוֺן פלילים to be read as כי היא זמה והוא עון פלילים), Eccl 5:8; 1Chr 29:16. The origin of the peculiarity in the Pentateuch is uncertain. It can hardly be a real archaism : for the fact that arab., Aramaic, & Ethiopic have distinct forms for masculine & feminine shews that both must have formed part of the original Semitic stock, and consequently of Hebrew as well, from its earliest existence as an independent language. Nor is the peculiarity confined to the Pentateuch: in the Manuscript of the Later Prophets, of A.D. , now at St. Petersburg, published in facsimile by Strack (1876), the feminine occurs written הוא (see the passages cited in the Adnotationes Criticae, p. 026). In Phoenician both masculine and feminine are alike written הא (CIS i. 1Chr 1:9 מלך צדק הא, 1Chr 1:13 מלאכת הא, 1Chr 3:10 אדם הא, 1Chr 1:11 ממלכת הא, 1Chr 93:2; 1Chr 94:2), though naturally this would be read as hu° or hi° as occasion required. Hence, as ᵐ5 shews that in the older Hebrew MSS. the scriptio plena was not yet generally introduced, it is probably that originally הא was written for both genders in Hebrew likewise, and that the epicene הוא in the Pentateuch originated at a comparatively late epoch in the transmission of the text — perhaps in connection with the assumption, which is partly borne out by facts (compare De^{ZKWL 1880, pp. 393-399}), that in the older language feminine forms were more sparingly used than subsequently.)

In usage הוּא (feminine הִיא; plural הֵ֫מָּה, הֵם, ׃ הֵ֫נָּה see הֵ֫מָּה) is

1. an emphatic he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (especially with the article) that (those):
a. Gen 3:15 הוא ישׁופך ראשׁ he (ᵐ5 αὐτὸς) shall bruise thee as to the head (opposed to the following אתה thou), vGen 3:20 for she (and no one else) was the mother of all living (so often in causal sentences, where some emphasis on the subject is desirable as Judg 14:3; Ps 24:2; Ps 25:15; Ps 33:9; Ps 91:3; Ps 103:14; Ps 148:5; Job 5:18; Job 11:11; Job 28:24; Jer 5:5; Jer 34:7b Hos 6:1; Hos 11:10 : Dr^{1Sam 14:18}), 1Sam 4:20 Adah bare Jabal הוא היה אבי ישׁב אהלים he (ἐκεῖνος) was the father of tent-dwellers, v1Sam 4:21; 1Sam 10:8 he began to be a mighty one in the earth, 1Sam 20:5 (αὐτός), Judg 13:5; Isa 32:7; Isa 33:22; 2Kgs 14:7; 2Kgs 14:22; 2Kgs 14:25; Hos 10:2 he — the unseen observer of their thoughts and deeds (Che), Hos 13:15 b (he, the foe figured by the east wind). (For its use thus in circumstantial clauses see Dr^{§ 157, 160, 168, 169}.) And where the predicate is a substantive or participle, Gen 2:11 הוּא הַסֹּבֵב ֗֗֗ that is the one which encompasseth etc., vGen 2:13 vGen 2:14; Gen 10:12 that is the great city. So in the explanatory notices, Gen 14:3 הוּא יָם הַמֶּלַת that is the salt sea, vGen 14:8 הוּאצֹֿעַר that is Zoar, Gen 36:1 + often
b. pointing back to the subj. and contrasting it with something else : Gen 4:4 הבל גסהֿוא Abel, he also ... vGen 4:26; Gen 10:21; Gen 20:5 וְהִיאגַֿםהִֿוא and she, herself also said, Exod 1:10 + often
c. appended alone to a verb (more rarely, but always with intentional emphasis), Exod 4:14 I know כי דבר ידבר הוא that he can speak, vExod 4:16; 1Sam 22:18 ויפגע הוא בכהנים and he (though none else would do it) smote the priests, 1Sam 23:22 for one hath told me, עָרֹם יַעְרִם הוּא He can deal subtilly, Ezek 12:12 (peculiarly), compare Dr^{§ 160 n.}: very rarely indeed to a noun Num 18:23 הַלֵּוִי הוּא Isa 7:14 הוא ׳י, Esth 9:1 (הֵמָּה) being probably all the examples in the OT.
d. Gen 13:1 and Abram came up out of Egypt, הוּא וְאִשְׁתּוֺ himself and his wife, and all that he had, Gen 14:15 הוּא וַעֲבָדָיו he and his servants, Gen 19:30 so very often
e. prefixed to a noun (very rare, and mostly late), Exod 12:42b Ezek 3:8 & Ezek 33:8 הוּא רָשָׁע : to proper names Exod 6:27 הוא משׁה ואהרן, 1Chr 26:26 that Shelomoth, 1Chr 27:6; 2Chr 28:22; 2Chr 32:12 (different from 2Kgs 18:22), v2Kgs 18:30; 2Kgs 33:23; Ezra 7:6: compare הֵם Neh 10:38 (compare in Syriac , Nö^{§ 227}): compare Ps 87:5; 1Sam 20:29.

2. It resumes the subject with emphasis:
a. when the predicate is a verb (especially if it be separated from its subject by an intervening clause), Gen 15:4 but one that shall come forth out of thine own bowels, הוּא יִירָשֶׁ֑ךָ he shall be thy heir, Gen 3:12 the woman whom thou gavest to be with me, הוא נתנה לי she gave to me, Gen 24:7; Gen 44:17 etc. Judg 7:4; 2Sam 14:19 (throwing stress on יוֺאָב) 1Chr 11:20; Isa 33:15-16; Isa 34:16; Isa 38:19; Isa 47:10; Isa 59:16; Isa 63:5; Hos 7:8 often in Proverbs, as Hos 10:18; Hos 10:22; Hos 10:24; Hos 11:28; Hos 13:13; Hos 19:21; Hos 22:9; Hos 24:12; 1Sam 1:13 (see Dr), Ps 68:36.
b. when the predicate is a noun, Gen 2:14 and the fourth river, הוּא פְרָת it was the Euphrates, vGen 2:19; Gen 9:18; Gen 15:2; Gen 42:6 הַשַּׁלִּיט וְיוֺסֵף הוּא and Joseph, he was the ruler etc.: in sentences of the type הוּא הָאֱלֹהִים ׳י, הוּא הַנִּלְחָם ׳י לָכֶם, הוּא נַחֲלָתְךָ ׳י, Deut 3:22; Deut 4:35; Deut 7:9; Deut 10:9; Josh 13:14; Josh 13:33; Isa 9:14; Isa 33:6; (in these cases, to avoid stiffness, it is convenient often to drop the pronoun in translating, as 'And the fourth river was the Euphrates:' the pronoun, however, though it then corresponds to the substantive verb in English, does not really express it, the copula, as the examples shew, being in fact understood. Sts. in AV the pronoun is retained for emphasis, as Deuteronomy ll. cc.) So
c. after אֲשֶׁר in an affirmative sentence, Gen 9:3 all creeping things אֲשֶׁר הוּאחַֿי which are living, Lev 11:39; Num 9:13; Num 14:8; Num 35:31 אֲשֶׁר הוּא רָשָׁע לָמוּת who is guilty of death, Deut 20:20; 1Sam 10:19; Hag 1:9 and elsewhere (On 2, compare Dr^{§ 199}, with Obs.)

3. Where, however, the pron. follows the predicate, its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible: thus
a. Gen 12:18 why didst thou not tell me כי אשׁתך הוא that she was thy wife ? Gen 20:13; Gen 21:13 כי זרעך הוא for he is thy seed, Gen 31:20 because he told him not כִּי בֹרֵחַ הוּא, Gen 37:3 + often (the opposite order rare and emphatic: Gen 24:65; Deut 4:6; Deut 30:20; Josh 10:2; 1Kgs 2:22; 1Kgs 3:4; 1Kgs 21:2; Hos 2:4; Ps 45:12).
b. resuming the subject, Gen 31:16 all the wealth which God hath taken etc., לנו הוא ולבנינו it is ours and our children's, vGen 31:43 and all that thou seest, לי הוא it is mine (or, omitting the pronoun, as not required in our idiom, simply) is mine, Gen 41:26 חלום פרעה אחד הוא the dream of Pharaoh is one, Gen 48:5 (לי הם), Exod 3:5 for the place where on thou standest, אַדְמַת קֹדֶשׁ הוּא it is holy ground, Num 13:32; Num 21:26; Deut 1:17; Josh 5:15; Josh 6:19; Job 3:19 + often; Gen 23:15 ארץ ֗֗֗ מַההִֿוא, so Ps 39:5; Isa 41:22 (הֵנָּה); הֵמָּה .... אַתֶּם (unusual) Zeph 2:12. (In all such cases the predicate is not referred directly to the subject, but, the subject being made a casus pendens, it is resumed by the pronoun, and the predicate thus referred to it indirectly. By this means the sentence is lightened and relieved, especially if the subject consist of many words: in Gen 31:16 for instance, the direct form of predicate כִּי לָנוּ וּלְבָנֵינוּ כָּלהָֿעשֶׁר אֲשֶׁר הִצִּיל אֱלֹהִים מֵאָבִינוּ would have been heavy and inelegant.) So
c. after אֲשֶׁר in a negative sentence, Gen 7:2; Gen 17:12 אֲשֶׁר לאֹ מִזַּרְעֲךָ הוּא which is not of thy seed, Num 17:5; Deut 17:5; 1Kgs 8:41 (compareהֵמָּה 3 c).
d. peculiarly, as the subject of לֹא, Jer 5:12 לוֺא הוּא He is not; and as embracing its predicate in itself, Isa 18:2; Isa 18:7 a nation terrible מִןהֿוּא (= מַאֲשֶׁר הוּא) from (the time that) it was, Nah 2:9 מִימֵי הִיא from the days that (stative construct Ges^{«GKC:130»§ 130}. 4) as it was, 2Kgs 7:7 they left the camp כַּאֲשֶׁר הִיא as it was (compare כַּאֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה v2Kgs 7:10). (On 3, compare Dr^{§ 198}, with Obs.)

4. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject namely
a. (rare) Song 6:9 אַהַת הִיא יוֺנָתִי תַמָּתִי one is she, my dove my perfect one, Lev 25:11; Ezek 11:15; Ezek 21:16; Lam 1:18 ׳צַדִּיק הוּא י (often so in Late Hebrew); EC Lam 6:10 וְנוֺדָע אֲשֶׁר הוּא אָדָם and that which he, even man, is, is known (De Now); compare 1Sam 6:19 מִקְרֶה הוּא הָיָה לָנוּ an accident is it, (that) hath befallen us. (compare הֵמָּה 4 a.)
b. after pronouns — (α) 2Sam 7:28 אַתָּה הוּא הָאֱלֹהִים Thou art he — God, Ps 44:5 אתה הוא מלבי thou art he — my king, Isa 37:16; Isa 43:25 (אנכי), Isa 51:9; Isa 51:10; Isa 51:12; Isa 52:6; Jer 14:22; Jer 29:23 Kt +; compare Jer 49:12 וְאַתָּה הוּא נָקֹה תִנָּקֶה and art thou he (that) shall be unpunished ? (with change of person κατά σύνεσιν, compare Judg 13:11; 1Chr 21:17; Ezek 38:17.) So Ew^{§ 297 b} Müll^{§ 499. But others, as} Ges^Thes Roo^{§ 563} De^{Isa 37:16}; Ps 44. 5, treat הוא as emphasizing the pronoun, 'Thou, he, art God' i.e. Thou and none else art God; 'Thou (emphatic) art my king.'. (β) מִי הוּא, followed by a participle or substantive Gen 27:33; Ps 24:10 מִי הוּא זֶה מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֺד who is he, then — the king of glory ? (according to others, as before, 'Who (emphatic), then, is the king of glory ?'); followed by a verb Isa 50:9 מִי הוּא יַרְשִׁיעֵנִי who is he (that) will condemn me ? (others 'Who (emphatic) will condemn me ?') Job 4:7; Job 13:19; Job 17:3; Job 41:2; Jer 30:21 (so with הֵנָּה Gen 21:29, הֵמָּה Zech 1:9; Zech 4:5). (γ) זֶההֿוּא 1Chr 22:1 EC 1Chr 1:17 (frequently in Late Hebrew, where the two words coalesce into one זֶהוּ) . On the analogous אֵלֶּה הֵם ֗֗֗ ), see הֵמָּה 4 b (γ). (compare Dr^{§ 200, 201})

5. As an emphatic predicate, of God, 'I am He,' i.e. I am He Who is (opposed to unreal gods, named in context, or to transitory world), the Unseen, yet Omni-present, and Self-consistent, Ruler of the world, Deut 32:39 אֲנִי אֲנִי הוּא I, I am he, and beside me there is no God, Isa 41:4 (see Che) Isa 43:10; Isa 43:13 even from to-day I am he, Isa 46:4; Isa 48:12; Ps 102:28 (see Che) thou art he, and thy years have no end (ᵐ5 usually ἐγώ εἰμι : in Psalms σὺ δὲ ὁ αὐτὸς εἶ). So also, according to many, Job 3:19, but is הוא a mere predicate of identity ? see rather 3b.

6. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matter, etc.) —
a. Josh 2:21 כְּדִבְרֵיכֶם כֶּןהֿוּא according to your words, so be it; Gen 42:14 הוא אשׁר דברתי that is what I said, Exod 16:23; Lev 10:3; 2Kgs 9:36; Job 8:19 הן הוא משׂושׂ דרכו lo that (what has just been described) is the joy of his way, Job 13:16; Job 15:9; Job 31:28; Prov 7:23; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 3:22; Eccl 9:9; Esth 9:1b; similarly the feminine הִיא, Judg 14:4 they knew not היא ׳כי מי that it was from ׳י, Num 14:41; Josh 10:13; Isa 14:24; Ps 77:10 חַלּוֺתִי הִיא it (this perplexity) is my sickness, Job 9:22; Prov 18:13; Jer 22:16; 2Chr 25:20; Eccl 3:13 reference to זאת Amos 7:6; Ps 118:23; Job 5:27, זִּה Eccl 2:24. (Where there is a predicate, the gender of this usually regulates the choice of m. or f.: hence הִוא Gen 34:14; Exod 8:15; Num 15:25 (Eccl 5:5) Deut 4:6 +.)
b. affirming the presence or existence of something (rare) : 2Kgs 18:36 = Isa 36:21 כִּי מִצְוַת הַמֶּלֶךְ הִיא for it was the king's command, saying etc., 1Sam 20:33 (text dubious), Jer 50:15; Jer 50:25; Jer 51:6; Jer 51:11; Mic 2:3, perhaps Job 32:8. p. 241.

7. With the art. הַהוּא, הַהִיא, הָהֵ֫מָּה, הָהֵם, הָהֵ֫נָּה: so regularly when joined to a substantive defined itself by the article: Gen 2:12 הָאָרֶץ הַהִוא that land, Gen 19:35 ובלילה ההוא and in that night, Gen 21:22 בָּעֵת הַהִוא at that time, Deut 1:19 המדבר הגדול והנורא ההוא. Only four times does there occur the anomalous construction בַּלַּיְלָה הוּא Gen 19:33; Gen 30:16; Gen 32:23; 1Sam 19:10.

BDB2188 H1992 H2004 H3860 H3861

הֵ֫מָּה and הֵם (without appreciable distinction in usage, except probably in so far as the longer or shorter from was better adapted to the rhythm of particular sentences: on the whole הֵמָּה (alone) is somewhat more frequently than הֵם, הָהֵם on the contrary is said regularly, הָהֵמָּה occurring only 12 t., namely Num 9:7 (P), Jer 14:15; Zech 14:15, and in the phrase בַּ(הַ)מִָים הָהֵמָּה 2Kgs 18:4; Jer 3:16; Jer 3:18; Jer 5:18; Jer 50:4; Joel 3:2; Joel 4:1; Zech 8:23; Neh 13:15, though בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם is much more common) pronoun 3 plural masculine (הֵמָּה used incorrectly for the feminine Zech 5:10; Ruth 1:22; Song 6:8), feminine הֵ֫נָּה [Late Hebrew also הֵן, which occurs however in Biblical Hebrew only after a prefix: see below 8], pronoun 3 plural they (Biblical Aramaic הִמּוֺ, q. v.; , ; Ethiopic (one form) 'em¥n-t¥, em¹n-t¥; compare also for the dissyllabic form, the suffix -œm¥ [feminine -œn]; perhaps also Assyrian suffix šunu, šina [ni], compare references below הוּא). In usage not different in genl. from הוּא, הִיא (which see, under the corresponding headings, for fuller explanations), thus: —

1. a. Gen 6:4; Exod 5:7 הֵם יֵָֽלְכוּ let them (emphatic) go and gather straw, Num 31:16; Isa 24:14; Hos 4:14; Hos 7:3 etc.; after כִּי Jer 5:5; Jer 34:7. (For the use in circumstantial clauses see Dr^{§ 160, 169}.)
b. Judg 1:22 ויעלו ֗֗֗ גַם הֵם, Deut 2:11 (אַף הֵם), Deut 3:20; Josh 9:4; Ezek 30:17.
c. Exod 18:22 every small matter יִשְׁפְּטוּהֵֿם let them judge themselves, vExod 18:26; Jer 15:19; Jer 17:18; Ps 109:28; Esth 9:1.
d. Gen 33:6; Gen 44:3; Judg 6:5 etc.
e. compare Neh 10:38.

2. a. (Resuming the subject with emphasis) Gen 14:24 (note accents), Deut 1:39; Ps 23:4; Ps 27:2 (accents), Ps 37:9; Ps 107:24; Ezek 36:7; Ezek 44:15.
b. Isa 30:7; Ezek 27:13; Ezek 27:17; Ezek 27:21 compare Isa 44:11.
c. Num 14:27 a Jer 27:9; Ezek 43:19 אֲשֶׁר הֵם מִזֶּרַע צָדוֺק, Eccl 4:2; Neh 2:13.

**— הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחֻמִי Job 6:7 read perhaps ׳וַהֲמָה וגו (or זָָֽהֲמָה) it is loathesome (√ זהס).

3. a. Gen 3:7; Exod 5:8 כִּי נִרְפִּים הֵם for they are idle, Exod 14:3; Exod 15:23; Exod 29:33 etc. (the opposite order rare: Num 11:16; Isa 61:9, compare De^{Ps 94:11}).
b. Gen 34:21; Gen 34:23; Gen 41:26; Gen 48:5 שׁני בניך ֗֗֗ לִי הֵם thy two sons . . ., they are mine, Exod 32:16 + often: Isa 41:22 הָרִאשֹׁנוֺת מָה הֵנָּה, Isa 49:21 אֵלֶּה אֵיפֹה הֵם these — where were they? Zeph 2:12 after אַתֶּם, peculiarly (compare Dr^{§ 198 Obs. 2}).
c. Deut 20:15 אֲשֶׁר לֹאמֵֿעָרֵי הַגֹּויִם הָאֵלֶּה הֵנָּה, Judg 19:12; 1Kgs 9:20.
d. 2Kgs 7:10 כַּאֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה. (Prov 19:7 Kt לֹאהֵֿמָּה is probably corrupt: see Commentaries)

4. a. Prov 30:24 אַרְבָּעָה הֵם קְטַנֵּיאָֿ֑רֶץ four things are they, the little ones of the earth, vProv 30:29 (compare before a rel. clause vProv 30:15 vProv 30:18; Prov 6:16) Song 6:8; Isa 51:19 שְׁתַּיִם הֵנָּה קֹרְאֹתַיִךְ, 1Chr 9:26 (see הוא 4 a).
b. (β) Gen 21:29 מָה הֵנָּה שֶׁבַע ֗֗֗ literally What are they — these seven sheep? Zech 1:9; Zech 4:5. (γ) אֵלֶּה ֗֗֗ הֵם Gen 25:16 (= 1Chr 1:36) Lev 23:2; Num 3:20; Num 3:21; Num 3:27; Num 3:33; 1Sam 4:8; 1Chr 8:6; 1Chr 12:15 (see Dr^{§ 201, 3}).

6. a. In a neuter sense (rare), Job 6:7 הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחמִי they (i.e. such sufferings as mine) are as loathsomeness in my meat, Jer 7:4 ׳הֵיכַל י הֵמָּה they (i.e. these buildings) are the temple of ׳י; and in the feminine, Lev 5:22 of all that a man doeth to sin בָּהֵנָּה therein, 1Chr 21:10 מֵהֵנָּה (|| 2Sam 24:12 מֵהֶם); 2Sam 12:8; Job 23:14 כָּהֵנָּה things such as these.

7. With art. הָהֵם, Gen 6:4; Exod 2:11; Num 14:38 + often; הָהֵמָּה 12 t. (see above); הָהֵנָּה 1Sam 17:28.

[Note]

N.B. — Ezek 8:6 Kt מָהֵם stands for מָה הֵם (so Qr), compare מַזֶּה for מַהזֶּֿה Exod 4:2; 2Kgs 9:18 עַדהֵֿם is irregular for עֲדֵיהֶם; 2Sam 4:6 ׳וְהֵנָּה וג is textual error for ׳וְהִנֵּה שֹׁעֶרֶת הַבַּיִת סֹקְלָה חִטִּים וג see We Dr (ᵐ5 & RVm).

8. With preps. (in lieu of the normal, and more usual, forms with suffixes בָּהֶם, לָהֶם, מֵהֶם etc. [כָּהֶם & כָּהֶן, however, each once only, כְּמוֺהֶם thrice: see כְּ]) —
a.בָּהֵמָּה Exod 30:4; Exod 36:1 (both P), Hab 1:16 כָּהֵמָּה Jer 36:32 לְהֵמָּה Jer 14:16 מֵהֵמָּה Jer 10:2; Eccl 12:12.
b. כָּהֵם 2Sam 24:3 Yahweh add to the people כָּהֵם וְכָהֵם מֵאָה פְעָמִים the like of themselves and the like of themselves 100 times, = 1Chr 21:3 (but כָּהֵם here only once, compare Deut 1:11 בָּכֶם), 2Chr 9:11; Eccl 9:12.
c. בָּהֵנָּה Lev 5:22 (P) Num 13:19 (JE) Jer 5:17: כָּהֵנָּה Gen 41:19; 2Sam 12:8 וְאֹסִפָה לְךָ כָּהֵנָּה וְכָהֵנָּה, Job 23:14: לָהֵנָּה Ezek 1:5; Ezek 1:23 (twice in verse); Ezek 42:9; Zech 5:9: מֵהֵנָּה Lev 4:2 (P) Isa 34:16; Jer 5:6; Ezek 16:51; Ezek 42:5; Ps 34:21; 1Chr 21:10 (|| 2Sam 24:12 מֵהֶם).
d. בָּהֵן Gen 19:29 (P) Gen 30:26; Gen 30:37; Exod 25:29; Exod 37:16 (both P) Lev 10:1; Lev 11:21; Lev 14:40; Num 10:3; Num 16:7 (all P) Deut 28:52; Jer 4:29; Jer 48:9; Jer 51:43 (twice in verse) (בָּהֶן thrice only); כָּהֵן Ezek 18:14 (editions; Baer כָּהֶן); לָהֵן ( = therefore) Ruth 1:13 (twice in verse) (also Biblical Aramaic); מֵהֵן Ezek 16:47; Ezek 16:52 (editions; Baer מֵהֶן). With the exception of כָּחֵנָּה, these forms are found mostly in P and writers not earlier than Jeremiah; b and d, however, depend solely on the punctuation.)

BDB9475 H1994 H1992

הִמּוֺ₉ (Ezra), הִמּוֺן₃ (Daniel), pronoun 3 plural they, them (= Biblical Hebrew הֵם, הֵמָּה, q. v., but the more original forms. Egyptian Aramaic המו CIS^{145 B 4} (Cooke²⁰⁷),^{149 A 1}, S-C^{Pap. C 7, 10} +; not ᵑ7 Syriac, which use אִנּוּן , , instead; Arabic , . The n in הִמּוֺן, as in דֵּין, אִלֵּין, by the side of זֶה, אֵלֶּה, ; Nö^{M 86} W^{CG 106}); — they, them:
a. as nominative Ezra 5:11 אֲבַחְנָא הִמּוֺ עַבְדוֺהִי we are his servants (construction as in Syriac, Nö^{§ 312} D Matt 5:13, K^{§ 87. 3}).
b. as accusative (in Biblical Aramaic, as in Syriac, there being no verbal suffix of 3 plural; so Egyptian Aramaic Cooke^{76 B 4}, S-C^{Pap. E 5} +), En 2:34 והדקת הִמּוֺ and crushed them, v35; 3:22; Ezra 4:10; Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:5; Ezra 5:12; Ezra 5:14 (twice in verse); Ezra 5:15; Ezra 7:17. — compare אִנּוּן.

they, those, these, them, who, …

hēm

they (only used when emphatic)

they, these, the same, who

עֹשִׂ֔ים

Root word do, made, done, did, make, …

Dictionary form: עָשָׂה · aw-SAW

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine plural, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: shew

did ×123 do ×108 made ×86 to do ×85 and do ×61 he did ×59 and he made ×54 and thou shalt make ×45

More options

do — Broadest default; fits commands, descriptions, and narrative.

make — Prefer when the result is a crafted or constructed object.

perform — Good for rituals, duties, vows, or formal acts.

carry out — Emphasizes completing a directive or plan.

execute — Suits legal, judicial, or administrative actions.

accomplish — Highlights successful completion of a goal.

BDB6428 H6213

I. עָשָׂה₂₆₂₂ verb do, make (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; MI^{23, 26} עשתי, l.³; l.⁹ ואעש, l.²⁴ Imperative עשו; Old Hebrew proper name עשיו, אלעשה, מעשיהו; not Aramaic, and not certainly found in South Semitic languages; on Sabean see especially DHM^{SB Berl. Akkadian 1886, 849}); —

Qal₂₅₂₄ Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 3:1 +, suffix עָשָׂהוּ Hos 8:6 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽשְׂתָה Deut 22:21 +, וְעָשָׂת consecutive Lev 25:21 2 masculine singular עָשִׂיתָ Gen 3:14 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲשֶׂה Gen 18:25 +, וַיַּעֲשֶׂה 1Kgs 16:25 + 3 t., וַיַּעַשׂ Isa 5:2 +; יַעֲשֵׂה Isa 64:3, 2 masculine singular תַּעֲשֶׂה 1Sam 10:8, תַּעֲשֵׂה Gen 26:29; Josh 7:9, jussive (with אַל) תַּעַשׂ Gen 22:12 +, תַּעֲשֵׂה 2Sam 13:12; Jer 40:16 Qr (Kt תַּעַשׂ); 1 singular אֶעֱשֶׂה Gen 2:18 +, וָאֶעֱשֶׂה Ezek 20:14; Dan 8:27, וָאַעַשׂ Deut 10:3 + 4 t. Ezekiel; etc.; Imperative masculine singular עֲשֵׂה Judg 10:15 +; feminine singular עֲשִׂי Jer 6:26 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָשׂה Jer 44:17 +; עָשׂוֺ Jer 7:5 + 2 t. (Jer 4:18 van d. H. עָשׂוּ); construct עֲשׂוֺת Gen 2:4 +, עֲשׂה Gen 50:20 + 2 t., עֲשׂוֺ Gen 31:28, suffix עֲשׂתוֺ Gen 41:32 +, עֲשׂהוּ Exod 18:18, etc.; Participle active עשֶֹׁה Isa 5:5 +, suffix הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 (but see below); plural עשִֹׁים Gen 24:49 +; suffix עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10 (yet see Ges^{«GKC:124k»§ 124k}), etc.; passive עָשׂוּי Exod 3:16 +, הֶעָשׂוּ Job 41:25 (Ges^{«GKC:75k»§ 75k}); feminine עֲשׂוּיָה Ezek 21:20 +, etc.; —

I. 1. do (1560 + t.):
a. (1) with accusative active Gen 3:14 (J) Gen 20:10 (E) + often; do right in eyes of ׳י 2Kgs 12:3; 2Kgs 14:13 +, evil 2Kgs 8:18; 2Kgs 8:27 + (compare I. עַיִן 3 c); do God's commands, statutes, etc., Deut 16:12; Deut 30:8; Num 15:39 (P); חַיִל ׳ע 1Sam 14:48 + do might, i.e. mightily, valiantly; Prov 31:39 do efficiency, i.e. efficiently; = commit (offence) Lev 20:13 (H), Deut 20:18 followed by מִן particle, וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה Lev 4:2 and shall do a single one of them (things prohibited; see מִן 3 b
(d)), compare ׳וְעָשׂוּ אַחַת מִכָּלמִֿצְוֺת י vLev 4:13 vLev 4:22; Lev 5:17 (all P); do = perform a work, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַעֲשֶׂה Exod 18:20; Exod 23:12 (E), also (׳י subject) Deut 11:7; Dan 9:14; Eccl 3:11 with accusative מְלָאכָה Gen 2:2 (twice in verse) (J), Exod 20:9; Exod 20:10 = Deut 9:13 (10 Words); with accusative דְּרָכֶיךָ Isa 58:13 מְלוּכָה עַל ׳ע 1Kgs 21:7 = exercise sovereignty over; of ׳י performing signs (אֹתֹת) Josh 24:17 (E), Num 14:11; Num 14:22 (JE), Deut 11:3, so Moses Exod 4:17 and (מֹפְתִים) vExod 4:21. (2) do something to one (ל person) Gen 20:9 (E), Judg 9:56 +; with עַל reflexive Jer 26:19 do evil against ourselves; especially ׳י subject, with לְ, do good to Exod 18:9 (E), 2Kgs 8:66, or evil Gen 42:28 (E); in phrase so may God do to me, etc. 1Sam 3:17; 2Kgs 6:31 + (see יסף

Hiph`il 1.). (3) do something for one (ל person) Gen 30:31; 1Kgs 11:8 +, direct object omitted 1Sam 20:4 + ל of thing Judg 21:7; Judg 21:16 what shall we do for them, for wives ? with עַל person Neh 5:19 with dativus ethicus [dative of interest] (ל) 1Sam 10:7 with לְ, of ׳י doing kindness for 1Sam 22:3 executing vengeance for Judg 11:36 (+ מִן of enemy); ׳י doing a sign (אוֺת) for Judg 6:17 (elsewhere נָתַן אוֺת לְ), compare עֲשֵׂהעִֿמִּי אוֺת לְטוֺבָה Ps 86:17. (4) do something (in relation or intercourse) wilth (אֵת person), ׳י subject Deut 1:30 all that he did with you, Deut 10:21 (compare Ps 86:17 above), human subject 2Chr 24:24 (object שְׁפָטִים), Ruth 2:11. (5) seldom with ב, usually of executing judgment upon 1Sam 28:18; Isa 48:14, more generally Esth 1:15 what shall we do with the queen ? also, subject ׳י, Ezek 25:11; Ezek 28:26; Ps 149:7; Ps 149:9; Num 33:4 (on false gods); in good sense, ׳חֲסָדִים בּ ׳ע Neh 13:14. (6) of ׳י doing the justice (מִשְׁפַּט) of any one, i.e. maintaining his cause 1Kgs 8:45; 1Kgs 8:49; Ps 9:5. (7) with adverb do thus, כֹּה, Josh 6:14 (JE), according to, כְּ Gen 6:22 (P), Gen 18:21 (J), 1Kgs 2:6 accusative as, כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:19 (J); Exod 1:17 (E) +; with בְּ of manner, Judg 9:16a, Ezek 8:18; Ezek 25:15.
b. work for (ל of thing) Gen 30:30 (J); with ל person 1Sam 14:6; Ezek 29:20 (for ׳י); work in (ב) gold or other material 1Kgs 7:14; 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:13; Exod 31:4; Exod 31:5; Exod 35:32 (all P); with בָּהּ (i.e. בָּעֲבֹדָה) Exod 5:9 (J) in toil; work with (עִם) God 1Sam 14:45, so probably of God's working with (אֵת) Moses and Aaron 1Sam 12:6 (usually appoint); with אֵת with (of person in whose company, in whose field Ruth 2:19 (twice in verse) (gleaning); work בְּחֵפֶץ כַּפֶּיהָ Prov 31:13 without preposition Exod 36:1; Neh 3:28.

2. deal with, with עִם, 2Chr 2:2; Dan 1:13 (כַּאֲשֶׁר accusative as); with אֵת, Ezek 20:44; Ps 109:21; Ezek 22:14; Zeph 3:19 (perhaps; Gr Now insert כָּלָה, see II 1 g), + כְּ Jer 21:2, + בְּ of manner Ezek 23:25; Ezek 23:29 with לְ person + בְּ Ezek 25:12 with בְּ person, Jer 18:23; Dan 11:7, + כְּ according to Neh 9:24; Esth 3:11.

3. often in phrase, do kindness (חֶסֶד) with: with (עִמָּדִ) עִם Gen 19:19; Gen 24:12; Gen 12:14 (J), Judg 1:24; Judg 8:35; 1Sam 15:6; 2Sam 2:5; 2Sam 10:2 = 1Chr 19:2 +; with עַל, 1Sam 20:8 (but read עִם Vrss We Dr and others); absolute, Ps 109:16 object חֶסֶד + אֱמֶת, with עִם, Josh 2:14 (JE) Judg 9:19; 2Sam 2:6 with אֵת with, Gen 24:49; Gen 32:11; Gen 47:29 (all J); with לְ, Exod 20:6 = Deut 5:10; 2Sam 22:51 = Ps 18:51 so טוֺב ׳ע, with עִם, Gen 26:29 (J), compare Judg 8:35; Judg 9:16 with אֵת with, 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 2:6.

4. absolute act, act with effect, especially of ׳י, 1Kgs 8:32; 1Kgs 8:39; Jer 14:7; Ezek 20:9; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ps 22:32; Ps 37:5; Ps 52:11; Dan 9:19 of men 2Chr 31:21; Dan 8:12; Dan 8:24; Dan 11:28; Dan 11:30; Dan 11:32 with ל of person Ezek 31:11.

II. 1. make (670 + t.):
a. with object concrete, ark Gen 8:6, altar Gen 13:4, idols Judg 18:24; Judg 18:31 +, etc.
b. often of God's making (creating) Gen 3:1 (J), Gen 1:7; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:25 (P), Neh 9:6; Job 9:9; Prov 8:26; 2Chr 2:11; Ps 95:5 +; making man Ps 100:3; Ps 119:73 (made by God's hands), in the womb Job 31:15 (twice in verse); making, constituting, nation Deut 26:19; Deut 32:6; Deut 32:15 participle suffix עשֵֹׁהוּ his Maker Isa 17:7; Prov 14:31; Prov 17:5 (הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 is improbable, most read הֶעָשָׂוּי, with various interpretation of following words); עשֶֹׁךָ Isa 51:13, עשֵֹׁנִי Job 32:23 (Ginsb; vJob 32:22 van d. H. Baer), עשֵֹׁנוּ Ps 95:6 so apparently plural participle עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10, עשַֹׁיִךְ Isa 54:5 (Ges^{«GKC:124k»§ 124k} explanation as sg.).
c. make something, with לְ reflexive, make for thee Exod 20:4; Deut 9:12; Deut 10:1 +, for (ל) another 1Sam 2:19; 2Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 2:24 +; object מִשְׁתֶּה banquet Gen 40:20; Esth 5:4, also (no ל) Gen 29:22 (E) Judg 14:10; Esth 5:5; Esth 5:12 and (figurative, ׳י subject) Isa 25:6 with ל of thing, Deut 22:8 with ל of animal Gen 33:17 (J).
d. make a name (שֵׁם) for oneself (ל) 2Sam 7:9; 1Chr 17:8, also (no ל) 2Sam 8:13 a new heart for oneself (ל) Ezek 18:31.
e. make war with (אֶת) Gen 14:2; Josh 11:18 (D); with עִם, Deut 20:12; Deut 20:20; 1Chr 5:10; 1Chr 5:19 absolute 1Chr 22:8 with ל reflexive Prov 24:6 participle עשֵֹׁה מִלְחָמָה 2Chr 11:1; 2Chr 26:11; 2Chr 26:13 make peace, with ל person Josh 9:15 (J); אִתִּי בְרָכָה ׳ע 2Kgs 18:31 make an agreement with me. feminine with ב, ׳פֶּרֶץ בּ ׳ע Judg 21:15 ׳י brought a catastrophe upon (compare פרץ).
g. with 2 accusative, make something out of (accusative mater.) Exod 25:18; Exod 28:13; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:24; Song 3:10; Deut 10:3 +; make something into something (Ges^{«GKC:117ii»§ 117ii}) Hos 8:4; Gen 27:9; Judg 17:4; Num 11:8; Num 17:3; Ps 104:4 make something כָּלָה, i. e. utterly destroy it Nah 1:8; Zeph 1:18; Ezek 20:17; Neh 9:31 c. passive participle as 2nd accusative Exod 38:7 they made it נְבוּב לֻחֹת hollow with boards, Exod 39:9 but also with accusative + לְ, Hos 2:10 gold they made into (ל) the Baal, Judg 8:27; Exod 27:3 (P), Deut 9:14; Jer 37:15; Ezek 4:9; Isa 44:17; Isa 44:19 make something for (ל person), + מִן of material Song 3:9.

2. produce, yield: of grain, yielding meal Hos 8:7 (twice in verse), vineyard, grapes Isa 5:2 (twice in verse); Isa 5:4 (twice in verse); Isa 5:10, tree, fruit 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31; Hos 9:16; Jer 12:2; Jer 17:8; Ezek 17:23 (all figurative), Gen 1:11; Gen 1:12 (P); branches Job 14:9 and (figurative) Ezek 17:8 land, fruit Lev 25:21 compare Hab 3:17, absolute Gen 41:47 of seed Isa 5:10, vine, shoots Ezek 17:6 (figurative); of cows, yielding milk Isa 7:22 hippop. producing fat Job 15:27.

3. prepare, especially of dressing and cooking food, Gen 18:7; Gen 18:8; Judg 6:19; Judg 13:5; 1Sam 25:18 (passive), 2Sam 12:4 (twice in verse); Gen 27:14; Gen 27:17; Gen 27:31; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:7; 1Kgs 17:12; Exod 12:39 (+ ל reflexive); a bullock for sacrifice (see below) 1Kgs 18:23; 1Kgs 18:25; 1Kgs 18:26 כְּלֵי גוֺלָה Ezek 12:3 (+ ל reflexive); a chamber Neh 13:7 prepare to build (+ ל person and infinitive).

4. make offering, e.g. עוֺלָה Judg 13:16; Jer 33:18; Lev 16:24, עוֺלָה וָזֶבַח 2Kgs 5:17 (+ ל of deity), הַחַטָּאת Lev 14:19, אִשֶּׁה Num 15:3; Num 15:14, various offerings 1Kgs 8:64; Lev 9:22; Ezek 45:17; Ezek 46:2 +; + ׳לי to ׳י Lev 17:9 +; also with accusative of thing sacrificed (perhaps originally prepare or provide, see above) Ezek 43:25 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:15; Lev 14:30; Lev 15:15; Lev 15:30; Lev 16:9; Num 6:11; Num 6:17; Ps 66:15 (+ ל of deity) +; absolute = offer sacrifice Exod 10:25 (E + ׳לי), to (ל) heathen gods 2Kgs 17:32.

5. attend to, put in order: pare (the nails) Deut 21:12 wash (feet) 2Sam 19:25 trim (beard) v.2Sam 19:25 (compare French faire la barbe, German die Haare machen).

6. observe, celebrate, religious festival, e.g. passover Exod 12:48; Num 9:4; Num 9:6; Num 9:13; Josh 5:10, also (+ ׳לי) Exod 12:48; Num 9:10; Num 9:14 (all P), Deut 16:1 +; sabbath Exod 31:16; Deut 5:15 feast of weeks Deut 16:10, booths Deut 16:13, Purim Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27, etc.

7. acquire property of various kinds (compare 'make money') Gen 12:5; Gen 31:5 (J), Isa 15:7; Jer 17:11; Jer 48:36; Deut 8:18; Ezek 22:18; Ezek 28:4 (twice in verse); Ezek 38:12; 2Chr 32:29; Eccl 2:8 + ל reflexive Deut 8:17; 2Sam 15:1; 1Kgs 1:5 of fruits from vineyards, etc. Ps 107:37.

8. appoint priests 1Kgs 12:31; 1Kgs 13:33; 2Chr 2:17 (all + מִן source), a feast 1Kgs 12:32; 1Kgs 12:33 (+ ל person); ordain a sacrifice Num 28:6, a festal day Ps 118:24 institute, אוֺב וְיִדְּעֹנִי ghost and familiar spirit 2Kgs 21:6 = 2Chr 33:6 (compare Dr^{Deut 18:11}).

9. bring about, of ׳י's effecting a deliverance Exod 14:13 (לָכֶם), 1Sam 11:13; 2Sam 23:10 (insert also || 1Chr 11:13 Dr), v1Chr 11:12 cause, followed by clause with שֶׁ Eccl 3:14.

10. use, לִמְלַאכְתּוֺ ׳וְע 1Sam 8:16 passive Exod 38:24.

11. spend, pass, days of life Eccl 6:12. Niph`al₉₇ Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲשָׂה Judg 16:11 +; 3 feminine singular נֶעֶשְׂתָה 2Sam 17:23 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָשֶׂה Gen 29:26 +, 3 feminine singular with ו subordinate וְתֵעָשׂ Esth 5:6; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 (Ges^{«GKC:109»§ 109} f.), etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָשׂוֺת Esth 9:1; Esth 9:14, etc., Participle נַעֲשֶׂה Neh 5:18, etc.; —

1. be done (passive of Qal I 1):
a. subject מְלָאכָה Judg 16:11 (with ב instrumental), Neh 6:16 (with מֵאֵת אֱלֹהִים ), vNeh 6:9; Exod 12:16 + 4 t.; subject omitted Ezek 44:14, indefinite Esth 4:1 with כֵּן Esth 9:14 be done, כַּתּוֺרָה Ezra 10:3 be committed, of offence, Deut 13:15; Num 15:24; Eccl 4:1 + 3 t.; with negative not (yet) done, i.e. future Isa 46:10 be accomplished, performed, fulfilled Ezek 12:35; Ezek 12:38; Dan 11:36; Esth 5:5; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 be executed, carried out, of sentence Eccl 8:11, decree Esth 9:1 be followed, of counsel 2Sam 17:28 nearly = occur Eccl 1:9 (twice in verse); Eccl 1:13; Eccl 9:3; Eccl 9:6, subject מַעֲשֶׂה Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 4:3; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:17, subject הֶבֶל vEccl 8:14, עִנְיָן vEccl 8:15.
b. Imperfect with negative, is (are) not done, not according to usage, of flagrant offences Gen 20:9 (E), Gen 29:26 (with כֵּן), Gen 34:7 (both J), 2Sam 13:12 (כֵּן); hence (P) not to be done, forbidden by ׳י Lev 4:2; Lev 4:13; Lev 4:22; Lev 4:27; Lev 5:17.
c. be done to, with ל of animal 1Sam 11:7 (כֹּה); ל person Exod 2:4 (E) Exod 21:31 (E; כַּמִּשְׁפָּט), Isa 3:11; Jer 5:13 (כֹּה), Lev 24:19 (H; כֵּן), Num 15:34 (P) + 8 t.; be done for, ל person Judg 11:37; Esth 6:3, עִם person vEsth 6:3 ל of thing Num 15:11 (כָּכָה).
d. be done upon, against (ב) Dan 9:12.

2. (passive of Qal II):
a. be made, of conr. things 1Kgs 10:20 = 2Chr 9:19 (throne), Jer 3:16 (ark), 2Kgs 12:14; Ezek 43:18; Exod 25:31; Num 4:36 (P); with accusative mat; Lev 2:7.
b. be produced from (מִן) vine Num 6:4.
c. be prepared, of food Exod 12:16; Lev 6:14; Lev 7:9 (all P), Neh 5:18 (twice in verse).
d. be offered, מִנְחָה Lev 2:8; Lev 2:11, kid Num 28:15; Num 28:24.
e. be observed, passover 2Kgs 24:22; 2Kgs 24:23 (ל of deity) = 2Chr 35:18; 2Chr 35:19 Purim Esth 9:28. feminine be used + ל of thing Lev 7:24 (P); Lev 13:51 (P) Ezek 15:5 (twice in verse). Pu`al Perfect 1 singular עֻשֵּׂיתִי Ps 139:15 I was made.

BDB6436 H6213

II. [עָשָׂה] verb Pi`el press, squeeze (Late Hebrew עִשָּׂה Pi`el compel; ᵑ7 עַסִּי Pa`el crush, gnash (teeth); compare Arabic compress a woman); — Perfect 3 plural עִשּׂוּ דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלִים Ezek 23:3; Ezek 23:8 (unchaste act); Infinitive construct בַּעֲשׂוֺתדַּ֗֗֗דַּיִךְ vEzek 23:21 read Pi`el בְּעַשּׂוֺת (Ew Co Toy, and others).

do, made, done, did, make, …

ʿāśâ

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

to do, fashion, accomplish, make

(Qal)

to do, work, make, produce

to do

to make

to be done

אַחֲרֵ֥י

Preposition after, behind, afterward, following, followed, …

Dictionary form: אַחַר · ah-HAHR

Preposition

In the KJV here: after

after ×313 and after ×47 and afterward ×28 behind ×25 after that ×23 from following ×21 after him ×15 after them ×14

More options

after — Most versatile; suits temporal and sequential contexts.

behind — Prefer for spatial/positional contexts.

following — Good for pursuit or discipleship contexts.

afterward — Purely temporal; signals what comes next in narrative.

since — Use when marking a causal or temporal starting point.

from then on — Emphasizes ongoing continuation after a turning point.

BDB336 H310

אַחַר properly substantive the hinder or following part (compare the plural)

1. adverb a. of place, behind, twice Gen 22:13 (many MSS. ⅏ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Ol Ew read אֶחָד see Di) Ps 68:26.
b. of time, afterwards Gen 10:18; Gen 18:5; Gen 24:55; Gen 30:21; Judg 19:5 +; וְאַחַר in laws of P, as Lev 14:8; Lev 14:19; Lev 15:28; Lev 22:7; Num 5:26 and elsewhere

2. preposition a. of place, behind, after Exod 3:1; Exod 11:5; 2Kgs 11:6; Song 2:9; Isa 57:8: הָלַח אַחַר to go after, follow Gen 37:17; 2Kgs 13:2; 2Kgs 23:3; Isa 65:2; Ezek 13:3; Job 31:7 חָיָה אַחַר 1Sam 12:14 מֵאַחַר from after 2Sam 7:8; Ps 78:71; Isa 59:13.
b. of time, after Gen 9:28; Lev 25:15 al; הָאֵלֶּה אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים after these things Gen 15:1; Gen 22:1; Gen 39:7; Gen 40:1; 1Kgs 17:17; 1Kgs 21:1; Ezra 7:1; Esth 2:1; Esth 3:1 אַחַר כֵּן Lev 14:36; Deut 21:13; 1Sam 10:5 אַחַר זֶה (late) 2Chr 32:9 followed by infinitive Num 6:19; Jer 40:1; 1Chr 2:24; Job 21:3 עַד אַחַר till after Neh 13:19.
c. Neh 5:15 strangely: Ew RV besides; but text probably corrupt, see Be Ry.

3. conjunction אַחַר אֲשֶׁר after that Ezek 40:1 and without אשׁר Lev 14:43; Jer 41:16; Job 42:7. As preposition & conjunction the plural אַחֲרֵי is much more frequently, which in any case must be used before suffixes. Plural only construct אַחֲרֵי with suffix אַחֲרַי, אַחֲרֶיךָ, etc.

1. substantive hinder part 2Sam 2:23 בְּאַחֲרֵי הַחֲנִית with the hinder end of the spear.

2. preposition a. of place, behind, after Gen 18:10 וְהוּא אַחֲרָיו and it behind him Deut 11:30; Judg 5:14; 1Sam 14:13; 1Sam 21:10; Hos 5:8 אַחֲרֶיךָ Behind thee! (sc. Look or The foe is); with a verbas הִבִּיט to look Gen 19:17; 1Sam 24:9, הֵנִיעַ ראֹשׁ to shake the head 2Kgs 19:21 ( = Isa 37:22), especially verbs expressing or implying motion, as בָּא to enter in (see Dr 2Sam 20:14) בִּעֵר, דָּבֵק, דָּלַק, הָיָה, הָלַח, מִלֵּא, פָּנָה, רָדַף, הִשְׁלִיח (see these words).
b. of time, after Gen 9:9 זַרְעֲכֶם אַחֲרֵיכֶם your seed after you; similarly Gen 17:7-10; Gen 17:19; Gen 35:12; Gen 48:4; Exod 28:43; Num 25:13 all P (also Deut 1:8; Deut 4:37; Deut 10:15; 1Sam 24:22; 2Sam 7:12 ||), & with בָּנָיו Gen 18:19 J ( + בֵּיתוֺ) Exod 29:29 P Lev 25:46 H Deut 4:40; Deut 12:25; Deut 12:28; Jer 32:18; Jer 32:39; 1Chr 28:8; Prov 20:7, דּוֺרוֺתֵינוּ Josh 22:27, בֵּיתוֺ Job 21:21; Exod 10:14; Judg 10:3 etc.; with infinitive Gen 5:4 אַחֲרֵי הוֺלִידֹוֺ after his begetting Sheth, Gen 13:14; Gen 14:17; Gen 18:12; Gen 25:11 + often; אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן afterwards Gen 6:4 (אחרי כן אשׁר = afterwards, when, compare 2Chr 35:20) Gen 15:14; Gen 23:18; Gen 25:26; Gen 32:21; Gen 41:31; Gen 45:15 etc.; ויהי אחריכֿן as a formula of transition chiefly in 2 Samuel (2Sam 2:1; 2Sam 8:1 || 2Sam 10:1 || 2Sam 13:1; 2Sam 21:18 ||) compare 1Sam 24:6; Judg 16:4; 2Kgs 6:24; 2Chr 20:1; 2Chr 24:4 ; in late Hebrew אַחֲרֵי זֹאת Job 42:16; Ezra 9:10; 2Chr 21:18 ( + כָּלֿ 2Chr 35:20 (do.); compare Aramaic אַחֲרֵי דְנָה Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45, and בָּאתַר דְּנָה Dan 7:6; Dan 7:7. — The local (metaphor) and temporal senses blend Ps 49:14 וְאַחֲרֵיהֶם בְּפִיהֶם יִרְצוּ & after them (i.e. following, imitating them) men applaud their speech, compare Job 21:33.

3. conjunction אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר after that, with the finite verb Deut 24:4; Josh 7:8; Josh 9:16; Josh 23:1; Josh 24:20 +; without אשׁר Lev 25:48; 1Sam 5:9 . (The most common construction of אחרי is as a preposition with the infinitive construct) Josh 2:7 אַחֲרֵי כַּאֲשֶׁר יָצְאוּ must be an error, either for אחרי אשׁר or for כאשׁר alone (notice אחריהם twice in the same verse); 2Sam 24:10 read אַחֲרֵי סָפַר see Dr.

4. with other prepositions: —
a. מֵאַחֲרֵי₅₇, 1Chr 17:7 מִןאַֿחֲרֵי (|| 2Sam 7:8 מֵאַחַר); (α) from behind Gen 19:26; 2Sam 2:23 from after i.e. from following after, usually with שׁוּב or סוּר 1Sam 24:2; 2Sam 2:22; 2Sam 2:26; 2Sam 2:30; 2Sam 11:15; Josh 22:16; Josh 22:18; Josh 22:23; Josh 22:29; 1Sam 15:11 +; with other verbs of motion, as עָלָה 1Sam 14:46; 2Sam 20:2, נַעֲלָה 2Sam 2:27, לָקַח Amos 7:15; 1Chr 17:7, זָנָה Hos 1:2 pregnantly Isa 30:21 thy ears shall hear a word מֵאַחֲרֶיךָ coming from behind thee, Jer 9:21 (that is נָפַל, see v^a) 1Sam 13:7 ᵐ5^L We Dr חָֽרְדוּ מֵאַחֲרָיו (β) denoting position (מן = off, on the side of; see מן behind Exod 14:19 (twice in verse); Josh 8:2; Josh 8:4; Josh 8:14; 1Kgs 10:19; Neh 4:7 (מֵאַחֲרֵי לְ) 2Chr 13:13 b, (γ) of time (rare) Deut 29:21; Eccl 10:14 מֵאַחֲרֵי כֵן 2Sam 3:28; 2Sam 15:1; 2Chr 32:23.
b. אֶלאַֿחֲרֵי 2Sam 5:23; 2Kgs 9:18 סֹב אֶלאַֿחֲרַי v2Kgs 9:19; Zech 6:6.
c. עַלאַֿחֲרֵי Ezek 41:15 beside, at the back of.

BDB337 H310

אַחֲרַי adjective Prov 28:23 (si vera lectio)

BDB3524 H310 H3186

(ו)ייחר Kt 2Sam 20:5 (Qr וַיּ֫וֺחֶר) see אחר above and Dr^sm.

BDB9289 H311 H310 H870

[אחר] plural with אַחֲרֵי, preposition after (Cappadocian and Egyptian Aramaic אחר afterwards (Lzb^{Eph.i. 361} S-C^{pap C 8}), probably Nabataean אחר after (Lzb²¹² SAC¹⁶); Egyptian Aramaic אחריכם (S-C^{Pap. c 8}+); ᵑ7 (sometimes) אֲחוֺרֵי; Biblical Hebrew אַחַר); — אַחֲרֵי דְנָה after this Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45 with suffix אַחֲרֵיהֹן Dan 7:24. Usu. Aramaic synonym בָּאתַר, q. v.

after, behind, afterward, following, followed, …

ʾaḥar

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time)

as an adverb

behind (of place)

behind, after (of place)

hinder part

from behind

בִצְעָ ֖ם

בִצְעָ

Root word covetousness, gain, profit, lucre

֖ם

Suffix — pronoun their / them

Dictionary form: בֶּצַע · beh-TSA

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: their covetousness

covetousness ×5 profit ×3 of gain ×2 dishonest gain ×1 for his gain ×1 gain ×1 is it gain ×1 lucre ×1

More options

gain — Broad, neutral; fits financial or material contexts well.

greed — Emphasizes selfish motivation; good for moral condemnation passages.

profit — Neutral economic term; suits commercial or pragmatic contexts.

dishonest gain — Highlights unethical acquisition; strong in prophetic/legal texts.

unjust profit — Formal register; useful when wrongdoing is explicit in context.

ill-gotten gain — Idiomatic; vivid for narratives of corruption or bribery.

BDB1257 H1215

בֶּ֫צַע noun masculine gain made by violence, unjust gain, profit — בֶּ֫צַע Gen 37:26 + 7 t. (construct Judg 5:19 +); בָּ֑צַע Exod 18:21 + 7 t.; suffix בִּצֱע֑ךָ Jer 22:17 בִּצְעֵךְ Jer 51:13; Ezek 22:13 בִּצְעוֺ Isa 56:11; Isa 57:17 בִּצְעָם Ezek 33:31; Mic 4:13 — gain made by violence (nearly = plunder) Judg 5:19; Mic 4:13 more generally, unjust gain Exod 18:21; 1Sam 8:3; Ps 119:36; Prov 28:16; Isa 33:15; Isa 56:11; Isa 57:17; Jer 22:17; Jer 51:13; Ezek 22:13; Ezek 33:21 as accusative of congnate meaning with verb with בָּצַע Prov 1:19; Prov 15:27; Jer 6:13; Jer 8:10; Ezek 22:27; Hab 2:9 profit (with selfish suggestion) ׳מהבֿ Gen 37:26; Mal 3:14 compare Ps 30:10; Job 22:3.

covetousness, gain, profit, lucre

beṣaʿ

plunder; by extension, gain (usually unjust)

profit, unjust gain, gain (profit) acquired by violence

לִבָּ ֥ם

לִבָּ

Root word heart, hearts, midst, mind, understanding, …

֥ם

Suffix — pronoun their / them

Dictionary form: לֵב · labe

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: but their heart

heart ×99 my heart ×37 his heart ×35 the heart ×32 thine heart ×28 their heart ×19 in heart ×17 in his heart ×16

More options

heart — Default rendering; covers emotion, will, and character.

mind — Prefer when context emphasizes thought or intention.

inner self — Highlights the whole interior person; good for reflective passages.

will — Use when volition or resolve is the primary nuance.

understanding — Suits wisdom or discernment contexts.

conscience — Fits passages about moral awareness or self-judgment.

BDB4295 H3820

לֵב₅₉₉ noun masculine Prov 23:15 ( feminine Prov 12:25, from influence of נֶפֶשׁ see De Now) inner man, mind will, heart, absolute and construct לֵב Gen 8:21 + 239 t.; לֶבֿ Exod 15:8 + 15 t.; suffix לִבִּי Gen 24:45 + 102 t.; לִבְּךָ Exod 9:14 + 28 t.; לִבֶּ֑ךָ Judg 19:6 + 25 t.; לִבֵּךְ Isa 47:7 + 7 t.; לִבּוֺ Gen 6:5 + 93 t.; לִבָּהּ Judg 19:3 + 7 t.; לִ בֵּנוּ Isa 41:22 + 5 t.; לִבְּכֶם Gen 8:5 + 2 t.; לִבָּם Gen 42:28 + 56 t.; לִבָּן Exod 35:26 לִבְּהֶן Ezek 13:17 plural לִבּוֺת Ps 7:10; Prov 15:11 + 3 t. Proverbs; suffix לִבֹּתָם Isa 44:18 לִבּוֺתָם Ps 125:4. — inner part midst: I. seldom of things, בְּלֶביָֿם in the midst of the sea Exod 15:8; Prov 23:34; Prov 30:19 בְּלֵב יַמִּים Ps 46:3; Ezek 27:4; Ezek 27:25; Ezek 27:26; Ezek 27:27; Ezek 28:2; Ezek 28:8 בלב האלה 2Sam 18:14 בְּלֵב אֹיְבֵי in the midst of the enemies of Ps 45:2 (see Br^{MP on the passage}; AV RV and others in the heart of). II. elsewhere of men:

1. the inner man in contrast with outer לבי ובשׂרי ירננו my heart and my flesh cry out Ps 84:3 || מעים Ps 22:15; Jer 4:19, the inner for outer מעים Jer 49:22 as within the breast על לב Exod 28:3; Exod 28:29; Exod 28:30 (twice in verse) (P); מלב 2Kgs 9:24 בלב Ps 37:15; 2Sam 18:14 סְגוֺד לִבָּם Hos 13:8 antithesis with בָּשָׂר Prov 14:30; Eccl 2:3 head Isa 1:5, face Ezek 14:3; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7 arm Song 8:6 hands Ezek 22:14 bones Ps 102:5 eyes 1Kgs 9:3 (= 2Chr 7:16) Jer 22:17 ear Prov 22:17; Prov 23:12 mouth Ps 55:22 lips Isa 29:13 אֲנִי יְשֵׁינָה וְלִבִּי עֵר I slept but my heart waked Song 5:2.

2. the inner man, indefinite, soul, comprehending mind, affections and will, with occasional emphasis of one or the other by means of certain verbs: בכל לב 1Kgs 8:23 (= 2Chr 6:14) Ps 9:2; Ps 119:2; Ps 119:10; Ps 119:34; Ps 119:58; Ps 119:69; Ps 119:145; Ps 138:1; Prov 3:5; Jer 3:10; Jer 24:7 עם לב 2Chr 24:4 (see לבב 2); כלב 2Sam 7:21 (= 1Chr 17:19) Jer 3:15 תַּעֲלֻמוֺת לֵב secrets of the heart Ps 44:22 לֵב מְלָכִים אֵין חֵקֶר the heart of kings is unsearchable Prov 25:4 הַיֹּצֵר יַחַד לִבָּם Ps 33:15 etc.

3. specific reference to mind:
a. מִלֵּב of one's own mind Num 16:28; Num 24:13 (JE) 1Kgs 12:33; Neh 6:8; Ezek 13:2; Ezek 13:17 חֲסַר לֵב destitute of mind Prov 6:32; Prov 7:7; Prov 9:4; Prov 9:16; Prov 10:13; Prov 10:21; Prov 11:12; Prov 12:11; Prov 15:21; Prov 17:18; Prov 24:30 לִבּוֺ חָסֵר Eccl 10:3 אֵין לֵב Jer 5:21; Hos 7:11 לב אין Prov 17:16 קנה לב get a mind Prov 15:32; Prov 19:8 כֹּחַ לב power of mind Job 36:5 רֹחַב לב breadth of mind 1Kgs 5:9, גנב לב 2Sam 15:6; Gen 31:20 (E? see לבב 3 a).
b. knowledge, with ידע Deut 29:3; Prov 14:10; Prov 22:17; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 7:22; Eccl 7:25; Eccl 8:5; Eccl 8:16; Jer 24:7 ראה Ps 66:18; Eccl 1:16 חָכַם לב mind is wise Prov 23:15 לֵב חָכָם wise mind 1Kgs 3:12; Prov 16:23; Eccl 8:5 חֲכַם לֵב Exod 31:6; Exod 35:10; Exod 36:1; Exod 36:2; Exod 36:8 (P) Prov 10:8; Prov 11:29; Prov 16:21 חַכְמֵי לֵב Exod 28:3 (P) Job 37:24 חכמת לב Exod 35:25; Exod 35:35 (P); לב חכמים Eccl 7:4; Eccl 10:2 לב כסילים Prov 12:23; Prov 15:7; Eccl 7:4; Eccl 10:2 with חכמה Exod 36:2 (P) 1Kgs 10:24 (= 2Chr 9:23) Prov 2:10; Prov 17:16; Eccl 2:3 לֵב נָבוֺן intelligent mind Prov 14:33; Prov 15:14; Prov 18:15 with הבין Prov 8:5 תְּבוּנָה Prov 2:2 שָׂ֑כֶל Job 17:4 etc.
c. thinking, reflection, with חשׁב Ps 140:3; Prov 16:9 מחשׁבות Gen 6:5 (J) Ps 33:11; Prov 6:18; Prov 19:21 compare Gen 8:21 (J); הגה muse, study Prov 15:28; Prov 24:2; Isa 33:18; Isa 59:13 הגיון Ps 19:15 הָגוּת Ps 49:4 שׂם לב set the mind, consider Isa 41:22; Ezek 44:5, with לְ 1Sam 9:20; 2Sam 13:20; Ezek 40:4; Ezek 44:5 אֶל Exod 9:21 (J) 1Sam 24:25; 2Sam 18:3 (twice in verse); Job 2:3; Job 34:14 עַל Job 1:8 שׁת לב Ps 62:10; Prov 22:17; Prov 24:32, with לְ Exod 7:23 (JE) 1Sam 4:20; Ps 48:14; Prov 27:23; Jer 31:21, אֶל Job 7:17.
d. memory השׁיב אל לב call to mind Isa 44:19; Lam 3:21 על לב Isa 46:8 עלה על לב come into mind (occur to one) Isa 65:17; Jer 3:16; Jer 7:31; Jer 19:5; Jer 32:35 (compare Acts 7:23), so בא על לב 2Chr 7:11 שׂם על לב lay to heart Isa 42:25; Isa 47:7; Isa 57:1; Isa 57:11; Jer 12:11; Mal 2:2 (twice in verse); Dan 1:8 אל לב 2Sam 13:33; 2Sam 19:20 כתב על לב Jer 31:33 קשׁר על לב Prov 6:21 לוּחַ לֵב tablet of the memory Prov 3:3; Prov 7:3; Jer 17:1 נִשְׁכַּחְתִּי כְּמֵת מִלֵּב I am forgotten as a dead man out of mind Ps 31:13.

4. specific reference to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will; הכין לב set the mind 2Chr 12:14; Ps 10:17; Ps 78:8; Job 11:13 נכון לב Ps 57:8 (twice in verse) ( = Ps 108:2) Ps 78:37; Ps 112:7 נתן לב לְ Eccl 1:13; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 7:21; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:16; Prov 23:26; Dan 10:12 נתן אל לב Eccl 7:2; Eccl 9:1; Neh 2:12; Neh 7:5 (the 'heart' here not being the subject's), בלב Exod 35:34 (P) Ezra 7:27; Eccl 3:11 אֲשֶׁרנְֿשָׂאוֺ לִבּוֺ whose heart stirred him up Exod 35:21; Exod 36:2 compare Exod 35:26 (all P); נְדִיב לֵב willing of mind Exod 35:5; Exod 35:22 (P) 2Chr 29:31 compare Exod 25:2; Exod 35:29 (P); נטה לב אחריּ inclined to follow Judg 9:3; Ps 119:112 הטה לב 1Kgs 11:3; Ps 119:36; Ps 141:4 compare 2Sam 15:13: — גְּדֹלִים חִקְקֵילֵֿב great resolves of heart Judg 5:15 etc.

5. specific reference to conscience, וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֺ and David's heart (conscience) smote him 1Sam 24:6 מִכְשׁוֺל לֵב offence of conscience 1Sam 25:31.

6. specific reference to moral character, God tries the heart Ps 17:3; Jer 12:3 sees the heart and reins Jer 20:12, tries them Ps 7:10; Jer 11:20, refines them Ps 26:2 searches the heart and tries the reins Jer 17:10.
a. ישֶׁרלִֿבִּי Job 33:3 יִשְׁרֵי לֵב Ps 7:11; Ps 11:2; Ps 32:11; Ps 36:11; Ps 64:11 (all with דָּוִד in title), Ps 94:15; Ps 97:11 לֵב שָׁלֵם 1Chr 28:9; 1Chr 29:9; Isa 38:3 (all originally לבב, see לבב 6 a); נִשְׁבְּרֵילֵֿב broken of heart Ps 34:19; Isa 61:1 לֵבנִֿשְׁבָּר Ps 51:19 שְׁבוּרֵי לֵב Ps 147:3 לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Isa 57:15 לֵב טָהוֺר clean heart Ps 51:12 לֵב חָדָשׁ new heart Ezek 18:21; Ezek 36:26 (probably also Ezek 11:19 for אֶחָד see Co) etc.
b. לֵב רָע evil heart Prov 26:23 חַנְפֵילֵֿב godless in heart Job 36:13 עקּשׁ(י) לב perverse in heart Prov 11:20; Prov 17:20 תַּרְמִת לִבָּם deceit of their heart Jer 14:14; Jer 23:26 בלב ולב with a double heart Ps 12:3 etc.
c. seat of pride Prov 21:4; Jer 48:29; Jer 49:16; Hos 13:6; Obad 1:3 גְּבַהּלֵֿב Prov 16:5 גֹּבַהּ לב 2Chr 32:26 גָּבַהּ לֵב 2Chr 26:16; 2Chr 32:25; Ps 131:1; Prov 18:12; Ezek 28:2; Ezek 28:17.
d. the heart is uncircumcised Jer 9:25; Ezek 44:7 (twice in verse); Ezek 44:9 and hardened: חזּק לב Exod 4:21; Exod 10:20; Exod 10:27 (E), Exod 9:12; Exod 11:10; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:8; Exod 14:17 (P), Josh 11:20 (D² ?); יֶחֱזַק לֵב Exod 7:13; Exod 7:22; Exod 8:15; Exod 9:35 (P); חִזְקֵילֵֿב Ezek 2:4 הקשׁה לב Exod 7:3 (P) Prov 28:14 קְשֵׁילֵֿב Ezek 3:7 הכביד לב Exod 8:11; Exod 8:28; Exod 9:34; Exod 10:1 (J); כָּבֵד לב Exod 7:14; Exod 9:7 (J); כּכּד לב 1Sam 6:6 הַשְׁמֵן לֵבהָֿעָם הַזֶה make the heart of this people fat Isa 6:10 (?); שְׁרִ(י)רוּת לֵב Deut 29:18; Ps 81:13 after Jer 3:17; Jer 7:24; Jer 9:13; Jer 11:8; Jer 13:10; Jer 16:12; Jer 18:12; Jer 23:17 לב האבן the heart of stone Ezek 11:19; Ezek 36:26 etc.

7. for the man himself, אמר בלב Gen 17:17 (P), Gen 27:41 (JE), 1Kgs 12:26; Esth 6:6; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1 ( = Ps 53:2) Ps 35:25; Ps 74:8; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18; Isa 47:10; Obad 1:3; Zech 12:5 אֶללֿב Gen 8:21 (J) 1Sam 27:1 דבּר בלב Eccl 2:15 אֶללֿב Gen 24:45 (J); עַל לב 1Sam 1:13 (?); עִם לב Eccl 1:16 נְאֻםפֶּֿשַׁע לָרָשָׁע בְּקֶרֶב לִבִּי Ps 36:2.

8. as seat of appetites, סְעַד לב stay the heart (with bread) Gen 18:5 (J) Judg 19:5.

9. as seat of the emotions and passions:
a. of joy and gladness, in various combinations of טוב, Judg 16:25; Judg 18:20; Judg 19:6; Judg 19:22; Ruth 3:7; 1Sam 25:36; 2Sam 13:28; 1Kgs 8:66 ( = 2Chr 7:10) 2Chr 21:7; Esth 1:10; Esth 5:9; Prov 15:15; Eccl 7:3; Eccl 9:7; Eccl 11:9; Isa 65:14 various combinations of שׂמח, Exod 4:14 (J) 1Chr 16:10 ( = Ps 105:3) Ps 4:8; Ps 16:9; Ps 19:9; Ps 33:21; Prov 15:13; Prov 15:30; Prov 17:22; Prov 27:9; Prov 27:11; Eccl 2:10 (twice in verse); Eccl 5:19; Song 3:11; Isa 24:7; Zech 10:7 שׂישׂ Ps 119:111; Isa 66:14; Lam 5:15 עלץ 1Sam 2:1 עלז Ps 28:7; Zeph 3:14 רנן Job 29:13 גיל Ps 13:6; Ps 24:17; Zech 10:7 of desire, Ps 21:3; Ps 37:4 דבּר עַל לֵב speak unto the heart (kindly) Gen 34:3; Gen 50:21 (JE) Judg 19:3; 2Sam 19:8; 2Chr 30:22; Isa 40:2; Hos 2:16; Ruth 2:13.
b. of trouble 2Kgs 6:11; Isa 65:14, sorrow Neh 2:2; Prov 14:3, pain Ps 55:5. vexation Eccl 11:10, trembling Deut 28:65 (?) 1Sam 28:3, faintness Lam 5:17 it is wounded Ps 109:22 dies within one out of fear 1Sam 25:37 etc.; לב נמס the heart melteth (in fear) 2Sam 17:10; Ps 22:15; Ezek 21:12; Nah 2:11.

10. seat of courage: יַאֲמֵץ לִבֶּ֑ךָ let thine heart take courage Ps 27:14 אַמִּיץ לִבּוֺ Amos 2:16 אַבִּירֵי לֵב stout-hearted Ps 76:6; Isa 46:12 לִבּוֺ יָצוּק כְּמוֺאֶֿבֶן his heart as firm as a stone Job 41:16 לִבוֺ כְּלֵב הָאַרְיֵה his heart as the heart of the lion 2Sam 17:10.

BDB4296 H3826 H3820

[לִבָּה] suffix לִבָּתֵךְ Ezek 16:30 should be corrected to לִבְרִיתֵךְ (see Co). > older view, as feminine of לֵבּ.

BDB7797 H7307 H5315 H3824 H1320 H3820

רוּחַ₃₇₈ noun feminine^{Gen 41:8} (less often masculine^{Exod 10:13} +) breath, wind, spirit; — absolute ׳ר Gen 8:1 +, ר֑וּחָה Jer 52:23 construct רוּחַ Gen 6:17 +; suffix רוּחִי vGen 6:3 +, רוּחֲךָ Ps 104:30 +, etc.; plural רוּחוֺת vPs 104:4 +, רֻחוֺת Jer 49:36, רוּחֹת Num 16:22; Num 26:16 (see Br^{רוח in O.T., JBL xix (1900), 132 ff.}, full statement of all passages); —

1. breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.):
a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15:30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19:17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Lam 4:20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10:14 = Jer 51:17, Hab 2:19; Ps 135:17 compare Job 9:18.
b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16:3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6:26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5:13.
c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםPs 33:6, compare Isa 34:16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Isa 11:4.
d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4:9; Exod 15:8 (poem), 2Sam 22:16 = Ps 18:16; Isa 30:28; Isa 59:19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Isa 25:4.
e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life Gen 6:17; Gen 7:15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו Gen 7:22 (P); Ezek 37:5, compare vEzek 37:6 vEzek 37:8 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:10 vEzek 37:14 (breath or spirit), Eccl 3:19.

2. wind (117 t.):
a. wind of heaven: Gen 8:1 (P) Exod 15:10 (E) Num 11:31 (J) 1Kgs 18:45 +, Jer 10:13, thence Jer 51:16; Ps 135:7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13:15; Isa 40:7, compare Job 26:13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind Exod 10:13 (twice in verse); Exod 14:21 (J) Ps 48:8; Jer 18:17; Ezek 17:10; Ezek 19:12; Ezek 27:26; Jonah 4:8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Prov 25:23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) Exod 10:19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind Gen 3:8 (J; compare Song 2:17; Song 4:6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49:36; Ezek 37:9 (quarters?) Dan 8:8; Dan 11:4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zech 2:10; Zech 6:5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Ps 107:25; Ps 148:8; Ezek 1:4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezek 13:11; Ezek 13:13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Ps 55:9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Isa 11:15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2Sam 22:11 = Ps 18:11; Ps 104:3, compare Hos 4:19; Ps 104:4.
b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezek 42:16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzek 42:17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzek 42:18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzek 42:19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzek 42:20; 1Chr 9:24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52:23 on the sides.
c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14:6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41:8.
d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Isa 26:18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Isa 33:11 (Du, 3 c).
e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7:7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15:2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Isa 41:29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 2:26; Eccl 4:4; Eccl 4:6; Eccl 6:9 compare Eccl 1:17; Eccl 4:16; Eccl 5:15.

3. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):
a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1Kgs 10:5 = 2Chr 9:4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1Kgs 21:5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ Gen 45:27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Judg 15:19; 1Sam 30:12.
b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Josh 5:1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Ps 76:13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Isa 19:3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Ps 77:4; Ps 142:4; Ps 143:4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Josh 2:11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Prov 18:14.
c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Judg 9:23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Judg 8:3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Prov 16:32, compare Prov 25:28; Prov 29:11; Job 15:13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zech 6:8; Eccl 7:9; Eccl 10:4.
d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ Exod 6:9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mic 2:7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Prov 14:29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32:18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32:8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21:4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mic 2:7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Eccl 7:8.
e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled Gen 41:8 (E) Dan 2:3, compare vDan 2:1 מֹרַת רוּחַ Gen 26:35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Isa 54:6, compare Ezek 3:14; Job 6:4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezek 21:12, compare Isa 61:3; Prov 15:4; Prov 15:13; Prov 17:22; Prov 18:14; Ps 143:7.
g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1Chr 5:26 (twice in verse); 2Chr 21:16; 2Chr 36:22; Ezra 1:1; Ezra 1:5; Jer 51:11; Hag 1:14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2Kgs 19:7 = Isa 37:7; Num 14:24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2:15 (twice in verse); Mal 2:16; Deut 2:30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition Num 5:14 (twice in verse); Num 5:30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4:12; Hos 5:4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםIsa 19:14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Isa 28:6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) Gen 41:38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Prov 17:27.
h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹNum 27:18 (P; or g, as Gen 41:38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2Kgs 2:15, compare v2Kgs 2:9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare Gen 2:21; Gen 15:12, but Di and others g, as Isa 19:14) Isa 29:10; Mic 2:11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zech 13:2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezek 13:3.

4. spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, || נֶפֶשׁ (25 t.):
a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zech 12:1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27:3, compare Isa 42:5.
b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10:12, compare Job 12:10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר Num 16:22; Num 27:16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Prov 16:2.
c. it is therefore God's spirit: Gen 6:3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
d. it departs at death: Ps 78:39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Isa 38:16 (Di principle of life), Ps 146:4 especially Ps 104:29; Ps 104:30; Job 17:1; Job 34:14 (compare vJob 34:15), Isa 57:16; Eccl 8:8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Eccl 11:5, compare Eccl 3:21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Eccl 12:7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Ps 31:6.
e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4:15.

5. spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:
a. desire (possibly 3 g), Isa 26:9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7:11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1Sam 1:15 see קָשֶׁה.

6. occasionally, (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, || לֵב, or synonym with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה Exod 28:3; Deut 34:9 (both P; probably 3 g); תּעֵי רוּחַ Isa 29:24, compare Job 20:3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job's words), Ps 77:7 (ᵐ5 Symm ᵑ6 Jerome troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Isa 40:13 come into mind (compare לֵב Isa 65:17; Jer 3:16 +); 1Chr 28:12.

7. rarely of the will; also = רוּחַ נָכוֺן לֵב Ps 51:12 (= לֵב נָכוֺן Ps 57:8 (twice in verse) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה vPs 51:14 נָָֽדְבָה רוּחוֺ Exod 35:21 (P; compare נְדִיב לֵב Exod 35:5; Exod 35:22 (P) 2Chr 29:31).

8. רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = ׃לֵב רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁהEzek 11:19; Ezek 18:31; Ezek 36:26 רוּחִי vEzek 36:27; Isa 59:21 (רוּחִי, || דְּבָרַי; but probably prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ezek 18:31; Ezek 36:26 נְכֵה רוּחַ Isa 66:2 דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Ps 34:19 (compare לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Isa 57:15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Isa 65:14 (compare 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרֶה Ps 51:19 (|| לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, compare נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Ps 34:19; Isa 61:1); Ps 32:2; Prov 11:13; Prov 16:18; Ps 78:8; Eccl 7:8 (compare גְּבַהּלֵב Prov 16:5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Prov 16:19; Prov 29:23; Isa 57:15 רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים vIsa 57:15 (compare 3 f).

9. spirit of God (94 t.; not D or Jeremiah or any Deuteronomic writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy probably discredited from abuse by false prophets, see נביא, נבא):
a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, Num 11:17; Num 11:25 (twice in verse); Num 11:26; Num 11:29 (J), 1Sam 10:6; 1Sam 10:10 (compare v1Sam 10:5), 1Sam 19:20; 1Sam 19:23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1Sam 16:15 (twice in verse); 1Sam 16:16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1Sam 16:14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1Sam 18:10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1Sam 19:9 ׳א ׳ר 1Sam 16:23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1Sam 16:23, compare הָרוּחַ 1Kgs 22:21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1Kgs 22:22 v1Kgs 22:23 = 2Chr 18:20; 2Chr 18:21; 2Chr 18:22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1Kgs 22:24 = 2Chr 18:23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9:7 ׳רוּחַ י Mic 3:8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Isa 30:1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezek 2:2; Ezek 3:12; Ezek 3:14; Ezek 3:24; Ezek 8:3; Ezek 11:1; Ezek 11:5; Ezek 11:24 (Co gloss), Ezek 37:1; Ezek 43:5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1Kgs 18:12; 2Kgs 2:16.
b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably Num 24:2; 2Sam 23:2; 1Chr 12:18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2Chr 15:1; 2Chr 20:14; 2Chr 24:20 distinctly in Isa², Isa 48:16, compare Isa 61:1 so of ancient prophets, Zech 7:12; Neh 9:30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3:1; Joel 3:2.
c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Judg 3:10; Judg 11:29, compare Judg 6:34; Judg 13:25; Judg 14:6; Judg 14:19; Judg 15:14; 1Sam 11:6; 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 16:14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Isa 32:15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Isa 11:2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Isa 42:1.
d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill Exod 31:3; Exod 35:31 (P); understanding Job 32:8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Prov 1:23.
e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Gen 1:2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33:4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Isa 31:3 in cherubic chariot: Ezek 1:12, compare vEzek 1:20 vEzek 1:21; Ezek 10:17 reviving Israel Ezek 39:29; Zech 12:10; Isa 44:3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Isa 63:10; Isa 63:11 = ׳י ׳ר vIsa 63:14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vIsa 63:9), compare Ps 106:33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Ps 51:13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9:20; Ps 143:10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2:5; Zech 4:6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Ps 139:7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vPs 139:8).

BDB9636 H3820 H3821

[לֵב] noun [masculine] id. (Biblical Hebrew id.; so ᵑ7 Syriac; Egyptian Aramaic, Lzb³⁰¹ = Cooke^{76 A 6}); — suffix לִבִּי Dan 7:28.

heart, hearts, midst, mind, understanding, …

lēb

the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything

inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding

inner part, midst

midst (of things)

הֹלֵֽךְ

Root word go, went, walk, walked, come, …

Dictionary form: הָלַךְ · haw-LAHK

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: goeth

go ×142 went ×128 and went ×81 come ×48 and go ×35 to go ×33 to walk ×23 walked ×23

More options

go — Most versatile rendering; suits motion in any direction.

walk — Prefer when literal movement or lifestyle/conduct is in view.

travel — Good for journeys or longer distances.

move — Useful for general or figurative movement without direction.

depart — Best when leaving a place is the emphasis.

proceed — Suits formal or sequential contexts; implies onward movement.

BDB2162 H1980 H3212

הָלַךְ₁₅₄₅ verb go, come, walk (MI ואהלך, לך; SI וילכו; Late Hebrew הִלֵּךְ (rare), Aramaic הֲלַךְ, הַךְ (also Biblical Aramaic), oftener הַלֵּיךְ Pa`el, , Palmyrene Ithpe`el אתילכא Vog^{No. 15, 1. 4}; Assyrian alâku Dl^w; also Arabic perish) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ה Gen 26:26 +; הָלָ֑ךְ 2Sam 8:6 +; 3 plural הָֽלְכוּ Gen 14:24 +; (הֶ)הָֽלְכוּא Josh 10:24 (Ges^{«GKC:23»§ 23}, 3; 138, 3 b Kö^{i. 414 f.}), etc.; Imperfect rarely
a. 3 masculine singular יִהֲלֹךְ Jer 9:3 + 4 t. Job, Psalms; וַיַּהֲלֹךְ Job 14:20 3 feminine singular תִּהֲלַךְ Ps 73:9 וַתִּהֲלַךְ Exod 9:23 (Ew^{§ 138 b} Ges^{«GKC:69»§ 69}, R. 8 Kö^{i. 415}); 1 singular אֶהֱלֹךְ Exod 16:22; Exod 23:8 (compare M 1:14; M 1:15); יִהֲלֹ֑כוּ Job 41:11 usually
b. (629 t.) as if from ילך (ולך; see Hiph`il Ges^{«GKC:69»§ 69}, 2 R. 8 Kö^{i. 414 ff.} Prät^{ZAW 1882, 310 ff.}; compare also יָלַד etc.) 3 masculine singular יֵלֵךְ Exod 10:24 +; יֵלֵ֑ךְ Eccl 5:15 +; וְיֵלַ֑ךְ Job 27:21 יֵלֶךְֿ Exod 34:9 +; וַיֵּלֶךְ Gen 12:4 (twice in verse) + 210 t., וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ Gen 24:61 + 6 t.; 3 feminine singular תֵּלֵךְ Gen 24:39 תֵּלֵ֑ךְ Ps 97:3 וַתֵּ֫לֶךְ Gen 7:18 +; 2 masculine singular תֵּלֵךְ etc. Gen 3:14 +; 2 feminine singular תֵּלְכִי etc. Judg 4:8 (twice in verse) +; 1 singular אֵלֵךְ Exod 3:11 +; וָאֵלֵךְ Judg 19:18 +; וָאֵלַ֑ךְ Job 19:10 אֵלְכָה Gen 45:28 +, אֵילְכָה Mic 1:8 3 masculine plural יֵלְכו Exod 5:7 +; יֵלֵכ֑וּן Ps 89:31 + 2 t.; וַיֵּלְכוּ Gen 9:23 (וילכו also SI⁴) +; 3 feminine plural תֵּלַכְנָה Judg 11:40 +; 2 masculine plural תֵּלְכוּ Gen 42:38 +; תֵּלְכוּן Deut 6:14 תֵּלֵכ֑וּן Exod 3:21; Isa 52:12 2 feminine plural תֵּלַכְנָה Ruth 1:11 1 plural נֵלֵךְ Exod 8:23 +; וַנֵּ֫לֶךְ Deut 1:19, etc.; Imperative rarely
a. הֲלוֺךְ Prov 13:20 (Kt.; Qr הֹלֵךְ, compare De Now); masculine plural הִלְכוּ Jer 51:10 usually
b. (241 t.) masculine singular לֵךְ Gen 26:16 + (לך also MI¹⁴), לֶךְֿ Gen 27:9 +; לְכָה Gen 19:32 +; לְךָ Num 23:13; Judg 19:13; 2Chr 25:17 לֵ֑כָה 1Sam 23:17 feminine singular לְכִי Judg 9:10 +; masculine plural לְכוּ Gen 37:20 +; feminine plural לֵ֫כְנָה Ruth 1:8, לֵ֫כְןָ Ruth 1:12, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָלוֺךְ Gen 8:3 +; הָלֹךְ Gen 31:30 +; construct rarely
a. הֲלֹךְ Exod 3:19 + 4 t.; הֲלָךְֿ Eccl 6:9 usually
b. (129 t.) לֶ֫כֶת Mic 6:8 +; לָ֑כֶת Prov 15:21 +2 t.; suffix לֶכְתִּי 1Kgs 2:8 לֶכְתָּם 2Sam 17:21 + 7 t. (6 Ezekiel); לֶכְתָּן Ezek 1:9; Ezek 1:12; Ezek 1:17, etc.; Participle הֹלֵךְ Gen 18:16 +; הוֺלֵךְ Gen 15:2 +; feminine הֹלְכָה Jer 3:6 הֹלֶכֶת Gen 32:21 + 2 t.+ הֹלָכֶתי 2Kgs 4:23 plural הֹלְכִים Exod 33:15 +, etc.; construct הֹלְכֵי Judg 5:6 + 3 t.; feminine plural הֹלְכֹת etc. Exod 2:5 + 3 t.; — found in all documents of Hexateuch, especially J E (240 t.; D 65 t., P 30 t. + H 14 t.); —

I. literal

1. of persons,
a. go, proceed, move, walk Gen 22:6; Gen 22:8; Exod 17:5; Amos 3:3; Zeph 1:17 + often; of cherubim Ezek 10:16 = living creatures Ezek 1:9; Ezek 1:12; Ezek 1:19; Ezek 1:20; Ezek 1:21; Ezek 1:24 opposed to sitting(ישׁב) Deut 6:7; Deut 11:19 (both with בַּדֶּרֶךְ); || running (רוץ) Prov 4:12; Isa 40:31, compare also 2Chr 30:6 distinguished from riding, driving Gen 24:65 (J; followed by בַּשָּׂדֶה לִקְרָאתֵנוּ), Judg 5:10 (עַלהַֿדֶּרֶךְ), Isa 41:3 (בְּרַגְלָיו), compare Eccl 5:1 (followed by אֶל), Eccl 10:7 (followed by עַלהָֿאָרֶץ); on usage with preposition see below; but also || וַיִּרְכַּב 1Kgs 13:13; 1Kgs 18:45 compare 2Kgs 9:16 וַיֵּלֶךְ רֹכֵב הַסּוּס v2Kgs 9:18 (followed by לִקְרָאתוֺ); נְהַג וָלֵךְוַ֗֗֗תֵּלָךְ וַתָּבאֹ 2Kgs 4:24 drive and go forward. . . and she went, and came.
b. depart, go away: Gen 18:33 (J), and ׳י departed, Gen 34:17 (P) then we will take our daughter and depart; compare 1Sam 14:3; 1Sam 15:27; Exod 3:19 (J), Exod 12:28 (P) 2Kgs 5:25 +; go, go out (to a specific duty etc.): of Samuel 1Sam 7:16, Barak Judg 4:8 (twice in verse); go out, forth (opposed to שׁוּב) Ruth 1:21 +; = go into exile (without modifier) 1Chr 5:41 compare Jer 22:10 (הֹלֵךְ of one going into exile; opposed to death); see further אֲשֶׁר הָֽלְכוּ שָׁם Ezek 37:21.
c. less often where English idiom requires or prefers come, (approach, arrive), verb in Hebrew being referred to starting point; mostly with preposition (on usage with preposition in general see below): — לְכָה אֵלַי 1Sam 17:44 so in prayer to ׳י, וּלְכָה לִישֻׁעָ֫תָה לָ֫נוּ Ps 80:3 also in Yahweh's exhortations to Israel: Isa 55:1 (לַמַּיִם), vIsa 55:3 (אֵלַי); come to, arrive at a land (ָ ה locative) Gen 29:1 come unto (אֶל) a people Ruth 2:11 but compare especially (without preposition) Imperative followed by another Imperative, etc., see below 5 f, & particular cases like Num 22:6; Num 22:11; Num 22:17; Num 23:7 (twice in verse); Isa 55:1 (twice in verse) etc., where actual summons to approach the speaker.
d. with modifiers : (I) a. of space traversed: אֵת כָּלהַֿמִּדְבָּר Deut 1:19 (compare I. אֵת 2), כָּלהַֿבִּתְרוֺן 2Sam 2:29 especially with accusative דֶּרֶךְ way, Gen 35:3 (E) Num 20:17(JE) Deut 1:31; 2Sam 4:7; 1Kgs 13:12 (twice in verse); Jer 52:7 compare וְלֹא תָשׁוּב בַּדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר הָלָ֑כְתָּ 1Kgs 13:9 הֹלֵךְ דֶּרֶךְ = traveler Isa 35:8 followed by אֳרָחוֺת Judg 5:6 (song), participle construct הֹלְכֵי נְתִיבוֺת vJudg 5:6 goers of paths (wayfarers); c, accusative דֶּרֶךְ = journey Prov 7:19 β. with accusative of time Deut 2:14; 2Sam 2:32, compare Josh 5:6; Josh 14:10 also, with combination of ideas of space & time דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים Exod 3:18 (+ בַּמִּדְבָּר see below) compare Exod 5:3; Exod 8:23; Exod 15:22 (all J E), Num 33:8 (P) 1Kgs 19:4. (2) with preposition: a. followed by בְּ of space (territory, country, etc.) in which בַּמִּדְבָּר Judg 11:16; Judg 11:18 compare וַיֵּלֶךְ בַּבַּיִת אַחַת הֵנָּה וְאַחַת הֵנָּה 2Kgs 4:35 and he walked in the house once hither, once thither; especially + accusative of time or distance (compare above) Josh 5:6; Josh 14:10 (both D) 1Kgs 19:4 בָּֽעֲרָבָה 2Sam 2:29 compare בַּיַּבָּשָׁה Exod 14:29 = Exod 15:19 (P ?); בְּתוֺךְ הָעֵמֶק Josh 8:13 (JE); followed by בְּ of way, path בְּדֶרֶךְ 1Kgs 18:6 (twice in verse) ׳בַּדּ Num 21:22 (JE) Josh 24:17 (E) Deut 1:33; Deut 2:27; Judg 18:6; 1Sam 28:22 לֹא תָשׁוּב לָלֶכֶת בַּדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר הָלַכְתָּ בָּהּ 1Kgs 13:17 (הָלַךְ of both going & coming); so often figurative, compare below II. 3; walk in the streets בִּרְחֹבֹת Lam 4:18, walk by the way ׳בַּדּ (opposed to יָשַׁב sit) Deut 6:7; Deut 11:19 β. followed by עַל, go or walk on (by) עַליַֿד הַיְאֹר Exod 2:5 עַלהַֿדֶּרֶךְ 1Sam 9:6 (i.e. set out, start, upon compare Dr); construct followed by לְ Judg 5:10. (3) go to, unto: a. followed by accusative, in general בְּכָלאֲֿשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ Gen 28:15 (J) whithersoever thou goest Josh 1:7; Josh 1:9 (D), compare 2Sam 7:9; 2Sam 8:6; 2Sam 8:14 = 1Chr 17:8; 1Chr 18:6; 1Chr 18:13 more definitely, to a land, with or without ארץ Judg 1:26; Judg 21:21; Jer 37:12 so figurative Hos 7:11 resort to (accusative) Asshur (|| קרא); to a city 1Sam 11:14; 1Sam 11:15; 1Sam 23:5; 1Kgs 2:8; 1Kgs 11:24; 1Kgs 12:1; 1Kgs 14:2; 1Kgs 14:4; 2Kgs 9:1; 1Chr 11:4; 2Chr 8:3; Ezra 8:31 to a house בַּיִת 2Sam 13:7; 2Sam 13:8, house of ׳י Ps 122:1 a field, Gen 27:5 (J; + Infinitive of purpose); valley of salt 2Chr 25:11. β. followed by ָ ה locative, אַ֫רְצָה Gen 11:31; Gen 12:5, פַּדֶּ֫נָת אֲרָם Gen 28:2; Gen 28:5; Gen 28:7 (all P) compare Gen 29:1 (E) Num 32:39 (JE) 2Sam 14:23 of city Gen 18:22; Gen 28:10 (both J) Judg 9:1; 1Sam 15:34; 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 19:22; 2Sam 15:9; 1Kgs 3:4; 1Kgs 18:45; 2Chr 10:1 of river Euphrates Jer 13:4; Jer 13:6; Jer 13:7 of a wood 1Sam 23:16 a mountain Josh 2:16 (JE); compare also אָ֫נָה הָֽלְכוּ whither have they gone Gen 16:8; Gen 32:18; Josh 2:5 (all J E) compare Neh 2:16; Song 6:1; Judg 19:17, אָ֫נֶה וָאָ֫נָה 1Kgs 2:42 (but also ׳אָן ה 1Sam 10:14); שָׁ֫מָּה Jer 40:4 but also שָׁם 1Sam 9:6; Jer 45:5 הֵ֫נָּה 2Kgs 4:35. γ. with preposition:
(a) most often followed by אֶלֿ unto,, e.g., unto the place, הַמָּקוֺם, Gen 22:3 (E) Gen 30:25 (J), etc.; of land Gen 22:2 (E) Gen 24:4; Gen 24:10 (J) Gen 36:6 (P) Josh 22:9 (D), etc.; of city Gen 22:19 (E) 1Sam 9:10; Jonah 3:3, etc.; of house Gen 24:38 (J) Eccl 7:2 (twice in verse); house of God Eccl 4:17 of people Exod 19:10 (E) etc.; in other designations of place, Josh 8:9 (JE), Ezra 10:6; Ruth 2:9,.etc., also followed by אֶל = against, of military expedition: Judg 1:10 against Canaanites; a city Judg 9:1; 1Kgs 22:15 = 2Chr 18:5; 2Chr 18:14 also followed by אֶל of individual persons Gen 26:1; Gen 26:26 (both J), Gen 41:55 (E) 2Kgs 6:22; 2Kgs 6:23; 2Kgs 22:14 = 2Chr 34:22; Jer 41:14 +; once with implicit coire cum femina Amos.Jer 2:7 (compare בּוֺא 1 e, p. 98); see especially לַהֲלֹךְ אֶלאֵֿל בַּמִּשְׁפָּט Job 34:23 of judicial inquiry by God; come unto the speaker Num 22:16; Num 22:37 ( both J E), unto the one addressed Isa 60:14.
(b) rarely followed by עַלֿ unto (Jeremiah Kings Ezekiel) with בַּיִת 1Kgs 20:43, שָׂדֶה 1Kgs 2:26 (+ accusative of location), compare עַלכָּֿל אֲשֶׂר Jer 1:7, עַלאֲֿשֶׁר יִהְיֶה שָׁם Ezek 1:12 (of the רוּחַ; compare אֶלאֲֿשֶׁר יִהְיֶה שָׁ֫מָּה vEzek 1:20); also וַאֲנִיִ הוֺלֵךְ עַלֹ אֲשֶׁראֲֿנִי הוֺלֵךְ 2Sam 15:20 = I am going I know not where compare Lag^{Psalt. Hieron. 1874, 156 f.} Dr^Sm; see further Jer 3:6 (followed by both עַל & אֶל; on confusion of אֶל and לְַ see these words); followed by עַל against city 1Kgs 22:6, king 2Chr 22:5.
(c) followed by עַד as far as, unto, place עַדכֹּֿה Gen 22:5 (E), compare 1Kgs 12:30 (וַיֵּלְכוּ הָעָם לִפְנֵי הָאֶחָד עַד דָּ֑ן), 2Kgs 6:2; 2Kgs 10:25; 2Kgs 7:15 compare 2Chr 26:8 persons 1Sam 9:9.
(d) followed by לְ, to a land 1Kgs 10:13 etc.; a city 2Chr 8:17 a mountain 1Chr 4:42 a bamah 2Chr 1:3 compare לִמְבוֺא גְדֹר 1Chr 4:39 & see below; also before proper name of person Gen 24:56 (J); further לַמִּלְחָמָה Ezek 7:14 לְסִבְלֹתיכֶם Exod 5:4 (J) go to your burdens compare Isa 60:3, וְהַתּוֺדָה הַשֵׁנִית הַהוֺלֶכֶת לְמוֺאל Neh 12:38 the second thanksgiving choir, that went the opposite way; frequently לְדַרְכּוֺ etc., go (to, on) one's way Gen 19:2 (J) Gen 32:2 (E) Num 24:25; Josh 2:16 (both J E) Judg 18:26; 1Sam 1:18; 1Sam 26:25 +; לְמַסָּעָיו Gen 13:3 (J); compare הַהוֺלֵךְ לְמֶרְחֲבֵיאֶֿדֶץ Hab 1:6 that marcheth through the breath of the land (of invader); note especially in sense of depart to, go away to, almost = return to; וְהָלַכְתָּ לְאֹהָלָיךָ Deut 16:7 and thou shalt go (back) to thy tents, so Judg 19:6; Judg 20:8; 1Kgs 8:66; 1Kgs 12:16 = 2Chr 10:16 לְבֵיתוֺ 1Sam 10:26 compare 1Sam 14:8; 1Sam 23:18; 1Kgs 14:12; 1Chr 16:43 לִמְקוֺמוֺ 1Sam 2:20 (compare VB Dr) 1Sam 14:46 see also go away or off to 1Chr 4:42; 2Chr 8:17.
(e) followed by בְּ into בַּשָּׂדֶה Num 22:23 (of Balsam's ass); especially in בּשְּׁבִי ׳ה go into captivity Amos 9:4; Nah 3:10; Deut 28:41; Jer 20:6; Jer 22:22; Jer 30:16; Lam 1:18 (= שְׁבִי ׳ה vLam 1:5) compare Ezek 30:17; Ezek 30:18; Isa 46:2; Isa 48:11 בַּגּוֺלָה׳ה Jer 48:11; Ezek 25:3 see also בַּכְּלִמָּה ׳ה Isa 45:16 בַּמִּלְתָמָה ׳ה 1Sam 17:13 בַּקְּרָ֑ב ׳ה 2Sam 17:11 (but see Dr). (4) go from, depart from, followed by מִן, e.g. 1Kgs 2:41, etc., מִשָּׁם Gen 42:26 (E) 1Kgs 19:19 compare אָנָה אֵלֵךְ מֵרוּחֶ֑ךָ Ps 139:7 note especially הָלַךְ מֵעֵינָיו ׳וּמַלְאַךְ י Judg 6:21 compare 1Sam 14:17 (מֵעִמָנוּ), Hos 9:6 (מִשֹּׁד, from destruction; also followed by מֵאֵת of divorced woman Jer 3:1 (מֵאִתּוֺ), compare also Gen 26:31 (J), Josh 22:9 (?P) מֵאֵצֶל 1Kgs 20:36. (5) with preposition denoting other relations: — a. אֵת of accompaniment, אִתִּי ׳ה (on warlike expedition) Gen 14:24 compare 2Sam 15:11; Josh 10:24; Judg 1:3 (followed by בְּ into), Judg 7:4 (twice in verse), see also 1Sam 23:23; 2Sam 16:17 +. β. עִם Judg 4:8 (twice in verse); Judg 4:9 (twice in verse); Judg 7:4; Judg 11:8; 1Sam 30:22 (twice in verse); 2Sam 19:26; Num 22:13; Num 22:14 (JE) +. γ. בְּ with (compare בְּ III. 1, p. 89), especially Exod 10:9, compare Hos 5:6 ׳בְּצאֹנָם וּבִבְּקָרָם יֵלְכוּ לְבַקֵּשׁ אֶתיֿ, of vain sacrifices; 2Chr 30:6 the runners went with (בְּ) letters. δ בְּקֶרֶב in the midst of, Exod 34:9 (JE). ε. לִפְנֵי in front of, before, before Cyrus Isa 45:2, (compare of fire & pestilence, below 3); of ׳י going before Israel Exod 13:21; Num 14:14, compare also Exod 23:23; Exod 32:34 & (in meaning) Exod 33:14 (פָּנַי יֵלֵ֑כוּ), vExod 33:15, Isa 52:12, with which camp. לְפָנֶיךָ צִדְקֶ֑ךָ ׳וה Isa 58:8 of other gods Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (all J E); לְנֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ Gen 33:12 (J).

**לִפְנֵי ׳ה also (less often) = go (and present oneself) before a deity or shrine 1Kgs 12:30; 1Chr 21:30 (compare בוא לפני Exod 28:30, קִדֵּם פְּנֵי Ps 95:2). ζ. with אַחַר go after, follow, persons Gen 37:17 (J) 2Kgs 7:15 אַחֲרֵי Gen 24:5; Gen 24:8; Gen 24:39; Gen 24:61 (all J), Josh 3:3 (D), Num 16:25 (JE) +; compare also II. 3 d (going after false gods, etc.); מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶם Exod 14:19 (J). η. לְ with sense of dativus ethicus [dative of interest]: וַיֵּלֶךְ לוֺ אֶלאַֿרְצוֺ Exod 18:27 (E) and he gat him (betook himself) to his country; אֵ֫לֶךְ לִי אֶל Song 4:6 I will get me unto; וְנֵלְכָהלָֿנוּ 1Sam 26:11 and let us be gone, compare v1Sam 26:12, Song 2:11 (of rain compare infr, 3); Imperative in same construction: לֶךְלְֿךָאֶל Gen 22:2 (E) get thee unto, לְכוּ לָכֶם לְאָהֳלֵיכֶם Josh 22:4 (D) also לֶךְלְֿךָ מִן Gen 12:1 (J), & לְכִילָֿךְ Song 2:10; Song 2:13 get thee away, come away. θ adverbial phrases of manner with preposition:
(a) בְּ, בְּשָׁלוֺם ׳ה go in peace Gen 26:31(J) 1Sam 29:7; 2Sam 3:21; 2Sam 3:22; 2Sam 3:23; 2Sam 15:9 בְּכֹהַ הָאֲכִילָה הַהִיא ׳ה 1Kgs 19:8, בְּחֵמָה ׳ה 2Kgs 5:12 compare also 1Sam 17:39; Isa 52:12 בְּסַעֲרוֺת תֵּימָן ׳וְה Zech 9:14 of ׳י, and he shall go in (or with) storms of the south; בְּ pretii, הַהֹלְכִים בְּנַפְשׁוֺתָם 2Sam 23:17 who went at risk of their life (otherwise in || 1Chr 11:19); compare
(b) אֶל, אֶלנַֿפְשׁוֺ ׳ה 1Kgs 19:3 he went for his life. (c) לְ, לְרַגְלָהּ ׳ה 1Sam 25:42 go according to her foot, i.e. follow, attend her; לֵךְ לְשָׁלוֺם go to, for (in) peace Exod 4:18 (E) Judg 18:6; 1Sam 1:17; 1Sam 20:13; 1Sam 20:42; 2Kgs 5:19 וְהֹלְכִים לְתֻמָּם 2Sam 15:11. κ. with adjective or noun, agreeing with subject of verb, in accusative (Ges^{«GKC:118»§ 118}.5), sometimes where Latin & English use an attributive or appositive: walk barefoot 2Sam 15:30 walk naked and barefoot Isa 20:3 (with accusative of duration); ׳וַתֵּלַכְנָה נְטֻו֯וֺת גָּרוֺן רגו Isa 3:16 compare 1Kgs 8:66 also לֹא תֵלֵךְ רָכִיל בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ Lev 19:16 (H) thou shalt not walk as a slanderer among thy people, Jer 9:3, הוֺלֵךְ רָכִיל Prov 11:13; Prov 20:19 and even הֹלְכֵי רָכִיל Jer 6:28 (yet רכיל possibly abstract, ׳ר ׳ה walk in slander); with adverb accusative, construed more generally (Ges^{«GKC:118»§ 118}, 5.c., Ew^{§ 279 c}); ye shall not walk loftily (רוֺמָה) Mic 2:3 they shall come bending (שְׁחוֺחַ) Isa 60:14 and Agag came delicately (מַעֲדַנֹּת) 1Sam 15:32 compare also Lev 26:23 (II. 3b) Exod 3:21; 2Sam 17:18.

2. Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations: הָלַךְ Nah 2:12 walk about, prowl (lions, figurative of rulers of Assyria); Prov 30:29 (see vProv 30:30 vProv 30:31, of three beasts & a king); walk, go, move ׳בִּמְסִלָּה אַחַת ה 1Sam 6:12 (of cows bringing ark), horses in Zechariah's vision Zech 6:7 וַיְבַקְשׁוּ לָלֶכֶת לְהִתְהַלֵךְ בָּאָרֶץ; of beasts & birds Jer 9:9, compare Jer 50:3 both man & beast, they are fled, they are gone; of flocks and herbs (מִקְנֶה) יֵלֵךְ עִמָּנוּ Exod 10:26 they shall go with us; מֵהר אֶלגִּֿבְעָה ׳ה Jer 50:6 they have gone from mountain to hill (Israel under figure of wandering sheep); in 1Sam 14:26 read probably הָלַךְ for הֵלֶךְ q. v.; especially in laws of clean & unclean Lev 11:20; Lev 11:21 every swarming winged thing that goeth on (הַהֹלֵךְעַל) all fours compare vLev 11:27 vLev 11:42 also vLev 11:27 everything that goeth on its paws, & vLev 11:42 everything that goeth on (its) belly, (all P), so of serpent Gen 3:14 on thy belly (עַלגְּֿחֹנְךָ) shalt thou go (J), compare also Jer 46:22 קוֺלָהּ כַּנָּחָשׁ יֵלֵךְ; (where apparently rel. clause, her voice like the serpent that moves, i.e. like the rustling sound of a gliding serpent, compare VB); locusts Josh 2:7 (אִישׁ בִּדְרָכָיו), vJosh 2:8 (גֶּבֶר בִּמְסִלָּתוֺ).

3. in like manner of inanimate things, as: the ark (הַתֵּבָה) Gen 7:18 (P; followed by עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם); ships 1Kgs 22:49 (followed by ָ ה locative) = 2Chr 20:36 (followed by accusative of limit), compare 2Chr 9:21 (followed by accusative) 2Chr 20:37 (אֶל); of אֳנִישַֿׁיִט Isa 33:21 lsgalley with oarsrs (followed by בְּ of place in which); wheels (in Ezekiel's vision) Ezek 1:17 (twice in verse); Ezek 1:19; Ezek 1:21; Ezek 10:11 (4 t. in verse); moon Job 31:26 wind Ps 78:39; Eccl 1:6 (twice in verse); of streams (הַנְחָלִים) = flow אֶלהַֿיָּם Eccl 1:7 compare אֶלמְֿקוֺם שֶׁהַנְחָלִים הֹלְכִים שָׁם הֵם שָׁבִים לָלֶכֶת vEccl 1:7 unto the place whither the streams flow, thither they flow again; also אֲפִיקִים, followed by מַיִם as accusative of that with which, Joel 4:18 || of hills flowing חָלָב, with milk; compare further figurative כָּלבִּֿרְכַּיִם תֵּלַכְנָה מַיִם Ezek 7:17; Ezek 21:12 all knees shall flow down in water, i.e. be as weak as water; נְהָרוֺת Ezek 31:4 (followed by סָבִיב); וְהָלַךְ עַלכָּֿלגְּֿדוֺתָיו Isa 8:7 i.e. overflow (|| עָלָה עַלכָּֿלאֲֿפִיקָיו) compare Josh 4:18 (JE); so of water (as SI⁴) Isa 8:6; 1Kgs 18:35 (הַמַּיִם סָבִיב לַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַוַיֵּלְכוּ), Ps 105:41 (ָהלְכוּ בַּצִיּוֺת נָהָר, they flowed through dry regions as a river); (on Infinitive absolute used of waters of flood, Gen 8:3; Gen 8:5, compare below 4 c (4), (5)); of the sea הַיָּם הוֺלֵךְ וְסֹעֵר Jonah 1:11; Jonah 1:13 was going on and being stormy = was growing more and more stormy (compare below 4 d); of wine (יַיִן) Song 7:10 that goeth down, for my beloved, smoothly (smile); also of lighting go, dart (בָּרָק) Job 38:35, so אֵשׁ Exod 9:23 (E) וַתִּהֲלַךְ אֵשׁ אָ֑רְצָה and fire darted to earth (on form, here & Ps 73:9 below, as intensive, of rapid motion, compare Thes Ew^{§ 138 b} Kö^{i. 415}); אֵשׁ לְפָנָיו תֵּלֵךְ Ps 97:3 of torches, in figure of violent breathing of crocodile יַהֲלֹ֑כוּ מִפִּיו לַפִּידִים Job 41:11 of sword אַחֲרַיִךְ תֵּ֫לֶךְ חָ֑רֶב % Jer 48:2, of arrow בָּרָק Job 20:25 drawn from a wound; of pestilence דֶּבֶר (personified) Ps 91:6 (בָּאֹפֶל), Hab 3:5 (לְפָנָיו); of fame שָׁמְעוֺ הוֺלֵךְ בְּכָלהַֿמְּדִינוֺת Esth 9:4 of the tongue (bad sense) וּלְשׁוֺנָם תִּהֲלַךְ בָּאָרֶץ Ps 73:9 (compare Exod 9:23 above; || שַׁתּוּ בַשָׁמַיִם פִּיהֶם); of sound of trumpet Exod 19:19 (Participle compare infra 4 d); of letters אִגְּרוֺת Neh 6:17 (followed by עַל, unto); of dew (טַל, || עֲנַןבֹּֿקֶר) simile of Israel's חסֶד Hos 6:4 compare Hos 13:3 like dew that passeth away; so of עָנָן Job 7:9 עָנָן וַיֵּלַ֑ךְכָּלָה; of rain הַגֶּשֶׁם חָלַף הָלַךְ לוֺ Song 2:11 the rain is over, it hath taken itself away; of ark of ׳) י׳אֲרוֺן י 1Sam 6:8 depart (compare also 5 d); of shadow on dial go forward 2Kgs 20:9 (opposed to שׁוּב; || נָטָה v2Kgs 20:20 & יַרַד Isa 38:8); grow, of wicked under figure of tress, יֵלְכוּ גַּםעָֿשׂוּ פֶּ֑רִי Jer 12:2 compare יֵלְכוּ יוֺנְקוֺתָיו Hos 14:3 his branches shall spread, said of Israel under figure of tree; of name (= fame) 2Chr 26:8 (followed by עַדלְֿבֹא מִעצרַיִם); also of a thing that does not actually move; וְהָלַךְ הַגְּבוּל אֶל Josh 17:7 and the boundary went unto etc., compare Josh 16:8 (followed by מִן & ָ ה locative); — in 2Kgs 13:21 and it (the dead body) went i.e. was let down into the grave, read וַיֵּלְכוּ for וַיֵּלֶךְ ᵐ5^L Th Klo, and they went away.

4. The Infinitive absolute is often used
a. as in other verbs, quite independently (Ges^{«GKC:113»§ 113}, 1): הֲגָנֹב ֗֗֗ וְהָלֹךְ אַחֲרִי אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים ... Jer 7:9 (series of 6 Infinitive absolute) (are there) stealing, murdering, and adultery and false swearing and incense-burning to the Baal, and going after other gods...? as object, וְלֹאאָֿבוּ בִדְרָכָיו הָלוֺךְ Isa 42:24 and they desired not walking in his ways; as apposition of object, Jer 23:14 I have seen ... an abominable thing, committing adultery and walking in lies (נָאוֺף וְהָלוֺךְ בַּשֶּׁקֶר); compare וַיַּעַשׂ כֵּן הָלוֺךְ עָרוֺם וְיָחֵף Isa 20:2 and he did so, a walking naked and barefoot, where also two adverb. accusative modifying the Infinitive absolute (Ges^{«GKC:113»§ 113}, 2).
b. to intensify meaning of finite form of הָלַךְ (Ges^{«GKC:118»§ 118}, 3): (1) before finite verb הָלוֺךְ אֵלֵךְ עִמָּךְ Judg 4:9 I will surely go with thee, compare Jer 37:9 הָלֹךְ הָלַכְתָּ Gen 31:30 concessive, thou art indeed gone, הָעֵצִים הָּלוֺךְ חָֽלְכוּ Judg 9:8 introductory, the trees went forth on a time to anoint them a king. (2) after finite verb וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ 2Sam 3:24 and he is actually gone! (a grave impurdence to permit it!), ׳נֵלְכָה הָלוֺךְ לְחַלּוֺת אֶתפְּֿנֵי י Zech 8:21 let us by all means go to seek the favour of ׳י
c. most noteworthy is the joining of the Infinitive absolute (I) with a following Infinitive absolute denoting a simulaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance: a. both Infinitives preceding the finite verb, הָלוֺךְ וְטָפֹף תֵּלַכְנָהIsa 3:16 a going and atripping they go, i.e. they keep tripping as they go; so הָלוֺךְ וּבָכוֺ יֵלֵ֑כוּ Jer 50:4 continually weeping they shall go; β. one Infinitive before, & one after the finite verb הָלוֺךְ יֵלֵךְ וּבָבֹה Ps 126:6 continually may one go weeping γ. elsewhere both after finite verb Josh 6:9 the rearguard was going (הֹלֵךְ) after the ark, continually blowing on the trumpets (הָלוֺךְ וְתָקוֺעַ בַּשּׁוֺפָרוֺת), compare vJosh 6:13 (where הָו֯לֹךְ cf, below; both J E), וַיֵּלֶךְ ֗֗֗ הָלוֺךְ וּבָכוֺ 2Sam 3:16, of cows ץָהלְכוּ הָלוֺךְ וְגָעוֺ 1Sam 6:12 they went continually lowing, וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ וְאָבֹל Judg 14:9 and he went on, eating as he went; הֹלְכִים הָלוֺךְ וְדַבֵּר 2Kgs 2:11 they were going on, talking as they went; in הֹלֵךְ הָלךְ וּבֹכֶה Jer 41:6, the participle בֹּכֶה is peculiar, read perhaps בָּכֹה, and for הֹלֵךְ read הֹלְכִים ᵐ5 Hi compare Gf. (2) with a following finite verb with ו consecutive (rare): הֹלְכִים הָלוֺךְ וְתקְעוּ Josh 6:13 (JE) they were going along continually blowing on the trumpets; וַתַּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ וְזָעָ֑קָה 2Sam 13:19 and she went, crying out as she went; הֹלֵךְ הָ֗֗֗לוֺךְ וִיְקַלֵּל 2Sam 16:13 he went along . . . cursing as he went; so 1Sam 19:23 and he went on, prophesying as he went, until he came, etc. (3) in cases where finite verb is followed by Infinitive absolute + adjective denoting progress, advance: וַיֵּלֶךְ חָלוֺךְ וְקָרֵב 2Sam 18:25 and he came continually nearer (nearer & nearer); elsewhere with idea of actual motion lost from finite verb: וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ וָרָ֑ב 1Sam 14:19 and he tumult kept growing greater and greater; so וְגָדוֺל וַיֵּלֶךְ דָּוִד הָלוֺךְ 2Sam 5:10 = 1Chr 11:9 compare Judg 4:24 and the hand of the sons of Israel kept growing more and more severe (וַתֵּלָךְ ֗֗֗ הָלוֺךְ וְקָשָׁה) upon Jabin; note especially וַיִּגְּדּל הָאִישׁ וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ וְגָדֵל עַדבִּֿיֿ גָדַל מְאֹד Gen 26:13 (J) and the man grew great and kept on growing greater and greater until etc. (גָּדֵל particular adjective ). (4) twice, where finite verb is not הלך, but another verb denoting motion: וַיָּשֻׁבוּ הַמַּיִם ֗֗֗ הָלוֺךְ וָשׁוֺב Gen 8:3 (J) and he waters retired continually more and more; וַיִסַּע אַבְּרָם הָלוֺךְ וְנָסוֺעַ הַנֶּ֫גְבָּה Gen 12:9 (J) and Abram journeyed on continually further toward the south country. (5) quite by itself is Gen 8:5 (P) וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֺךְ וְחָסוֺר and he waters, they continually diminished (were a going and a diminishin; the Infinitive absolute being predicate). (6) 13 t. the Infinitive absolute = Imperative & is followed by Perfect consecutive (chiefly in Jeremiah): הָלוֺךְ וְדִבַּרְתָּ֫ 2Sam 24:12 go and speak, so Jer 35:2 וְאָמַרְתָּ֫ ׳ה go and say, Isa 38:5; Jer 28:13; Jer 34:2; Jer 35:13; Jer 39:16 וְקָרָאתָ ׳ה Jer 2:2; Jer 3:12 also וְרָחַצְתָּ֫ ׳ה 2Kgs 5:10 go and wash, וְקָנִיתָ׳ה Jer 13:1; Jer 19:1 go and buy, וְעָמַדְתָּ֫ ׳ה Jer 17:19 go and stand.
d. akin to the use of Infinitive absolute are some instances of Participle הֹלֵךְ + adjective (or participle): וַיֵּלֶךְ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי הֹלֵךְ וְקָרֵב 1Sam 17:41 and the Philistine came continually nearer (compare 2Sam 18:25 above); in other cases as predicate, with same idea of growing, increasing: וְדָוִד הֹלֵךְ וְחָזֵק וּבֵית שָׁאוּל הֹלְכִים וְדַלִּים 2Sam 3:1 and David was growing stronger and stronger, while the house of Saul were growing weaker and weaker, compare 2Chr 17:12; Esth 9:4 (of individuals), 2Sam 15:12 (of people); + 2 adjective וְהַנַּעַד שְׁמוּאֵל הֹלֵךְ וְגָדֵל וָטוֺב 1Sam 2:26 compare (with different order) of wind, Eccl 1:6 goeth (הוֺלֵךְ)toward the south, and turneth about (סוֺבֵב) unto the north, the wind turneth about and about continually (סוֺבֵב סֹבֵב הוֺלֵךְ הָרוּחַ); of sea הַיָּם הוֺלֵךְ וְסֹעֵרJonah 1:11; Jonah 1:13 the sea was growing more and more stormy; also וַיְהִי קוֺל הַ שֹּׁפָר חוֺלֵךְ וְחָזֵק מְאֹד Exod 19:19 and the sound of the trumpet kept growing louder and louder; & in metaphor אֹרַח צַדִּיקִים כְּאוֺר נֹ֑גַהּ הוֺלֵךְ וָאוֺר עַדנְֿכוֺן הַיּוֺם Prov 4:18 the path of just men is like a shining light, growing lighter and lighter until the full day.

5. In combination with other verbal forms:
a. followed by Infinitive of purpose (with לְ) Gen 25:22; Gen 31:19; Gen 37:25 (all J E) Num 14:38 (P) Num 24:1 (JE), Judg 8:1; Judg 9:8; Judg 9:9; Judg 9:11; Judg 9:13 + often; especially לִקְרַאת ׳הּ go to meet Josh 9:11 (JE), 2Sam 19:16; 1Kgs 18:16 (twice in verse) +; sometimes with hostile sense 1Sam 23:28; 1Kgs 20:27; 2Kgs 23:29 also לָּשּׁובּ ׳הּ go to return, Exod 4:21 (RV go back), compare also שּׁובּ לָּלֶּכֶּתּ return again Eccl 1:7; Eccl 5:14 לָּבּוֺֿ ׳הּ go to come (enter etc.) Jer 41:17 compare 2Chr 26:8.
b. followed by finite verb go and do so and so: Gen 22:13; Gen 27:14; Exod 2:8; Exod 4:27; Exod 4:29 (all J E), Deut 13:7; Deut 13:14; Deut 17:3; Deut 24:2; = Mic 4:2; Jer 11:12 + often; וַיֵּלֶךְ וַּיָשָּׁבּ Exod 4:18 (E), יֵלֵךְ וְיָשֹׁב Deut 20:5; Deut 20:6; Deut 20:7; Deut 20:8, וַיֵּלְכוּ וַיָּשׁוּבוּ Judg 21:23 compare Hos 2:9; Hos 5:15 וַיָּבוֺא ׳ה went & came Num 13:26 (P), Ruth 2:3; 1Sam 22:5; 2Sam 11:22; 2Kgs 4:25 notably וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַךְ 2Kgs 3:7 and he went and sent.
c. following other verbs: וַיָּקֻמוּ וַיֵּלְכוּ Gen 22:19 (E) compare Gen 24:10 (J) Gen 43:8 (J) Num 16:25 (JE) Judg 4:9 נִסְעָה וְנֵלֵ֑כָה Gen 33:12 (J).
d. especially as result of action expressed in preceding verb, such as verb of sending, etc.: וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶתאֶֿחָיו וַיֵּלֵ֑כוּ Gen 45:24 (E) compare Josh 1:16 (D) 1Sam 6:8; Job 38:35 also יִשָּׁאֵהוּ קָדִים וְיֵלַ֑ךְ Job 27:21 an east wind shall carry him off, and he shall depart; וַיְ גָָֽרֲשֵׁהוּ וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ Ps 34:1 (title). (compare depart also of inanimate things

3. above)
e. in longer series: וַיֵּלֶךְ וִיִּבְרַח וַיִּמָּלֵט 1Sam 19:12 וַיִּסַּע וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיָשָׁב֗֗֗ וַיֵּשֶׁב 2Kgs 19:36 = Isa 37:37 compare Num 24:25 (JE); וַיָּקָם וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיָּבאֹ Judg 19:10 also וַיָּקָם וַיָּבאֹ וַיֵּלֶךְ 2Kgs 10:12. feminine oft; in Imperative foll by 2nd Imperative or equivalent, (1) לֵךְ קַחלִֿי Gen 27:13 (J) go, bring me (them), compare Hos 1:2 לְכוּ רְעוּ Gen 29:7 (J) go, feed (them), compare Gen 37:14; Gen 42:19; Exod 4:19 + (in all approximately 57 t.; only J E D in Hexateuch); but also (2) weakened to mere introductory word (as also above passim: especially 2Kgs 3:7 etc.), go to, or come, do (let us do) so & so; לְכָה נִכְרְתָה בְרִית Gen 31:44 come, let us make a compact, compare נַשְׁקֶה לְכָה Gen 19:32 (where subject feminine); לְכוּ וְנֵלְכָה 1Sam 9:9 come, and let us go, so v1Sam 9:10, 1Sam 11:14; Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2, compare Zech 6:7 +; even לֵךְ בּאֹ וְאֶשְׁלְחָה 2Kgs 5:5 go to, come, and let me send, compare Isa 22:15; Isa 26:20; Ezek 3:4; Ezek 3:11 further Judg 19:11; Judg 19:13; 1Sam 9:5; 1Kgs 1:12; Ps 34:5 + (in all approximately 49 t.; only J E in Hexateuch). (3) apparently intermediate, and shewing transition from (1) to (2) are: לָךְרֵֿד Exod 19:24; Exod 32:7 compare Judg 18:2 לְכוּ סֻרוּ רְדוּ 1Sam 15:6 לֵךְ עֲלֵה מִוֶּךְ Exod 33:1 לְכוּ וְהִתְהלְּכוּ בָּאָרֶץ Josh 18:8 & לְכוּ בּאֹוּ אַרְצָה Gen 47:17 compare 1Sam 22:5; 1Kgs 1:13; 2Kgs 7:9 see further לֵכְנָה שֹׁבְנָה Ruth 1:8 & שֹׁבְנָה לֵכְןָ vRuth 1:12 also 2Sam 3:16; 1Kgs 19:15; 1Kgs 19:20 + (in all approximately 36 t.)

II. Figurative; the most common uses follow; in most the origin in a literal meaning is evident:

1. pass away, die; in phrases denoting or implying death (compare Arabic perish); וְהִנֵּה אָנֹכִּי הוֺלֵךְ הַיּוֺם בְּדֶרֶךְ בָּלהָֿאָרֶץ Josh 23:14 (D) lo, I am going to-day the way of all the eath compare 1Kgs 2:2 perhaps also Gen 15:2 (JE) I pass away childless, but possibly below 2 below; also 2Sam 12:23 I am going (אֲנִי הֹלֵךְ) to him 2Sam 12:23 so of mankind דּוֺרהֹלֵךְ וְדוֺר בָּא Eccl 1:4 more explicitly, הַּכֹּל הוֺלֵךְ אֶלמָֿקוֺם אֶחָ֑ד הַכֹּל הָיֶה מִן הֶעָפָר וְהַכֹּל שָׁב אֶלהֶֿעָפָר Eccl 3:20 compare Eccl 6:6 also בִּשְׁאוֺל אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה הֹלֵךְ שָׁ֑מָּה Eccl 9:10, & אֶלבֵּֿית עוֺלָמוֺ הֹלֵךְ הָאָדָם Eccl 12:5 compare בְּטֶדֶם אֵלֵךְ וְאֵינֶנִּי Ps 39:14 before I depart and be not; so according to some 2Chr 21:20 but compare below 3 a (2); once with weaker sense followed by infinitive, חִנֵּה אָנֹכִי הוֺךֵלךְ לָמוּת Gen 25:32 (J).

2. live ('walk'), in general (compare Pi`el Hithpa`el) (usually in poetry, with modifying words): צַלְמָוֶת כִּיאֵֿלֵךְ בְּנֵיא Ps 23:4 though I walk in a valley of deep darkness; compare Ps 138:7 & אֵ֫לֶךְ השֶׁךְ Job 29:8 קֹדֵר אֵלֵךְ Ps 42:10 חֲשֵׁכִים ׳ה Isa 50:10, see also Ezek 3:14 perhaps also Gen 15:2 compare 1 above; יֵלְכוּ מֵחַיִל אֶלחָֿ֑יִל Ps 84:8 they go from strength to strength; יֵלֶךְ בֶּטַח הוֺלֵךְ בַּתֹּם Prov 10:9 especially

3. of moral and religious life; יְיַשֶּׁרלָֿ֑כֶת Prov 15:21 he maketh straight to walk (walketh straight, upright); particular
a. walk in (בְּ) ways (counsels, statutes, etc.), (1) in good sense: (α) בְּדֶרֶךְ תָּמִים ׳ה Ps 101:6, compare Isa 30:21; Jer 6:16; 1Kgs 8:36 = 2Chr 6:27 (β) in (בְּ) ways of ׳י especially D: Deut 8:6 (|| לְיִרְאָה אֹתוֺ) compare Deut 10:12; Deut 11:22 (|| ׳לְאַהֲבָה אֶתיֿ etc.), Deut 28:9 (|| ׳שָׁמַר מִצְוֺת י); see also Deut 13:15 +; 1Kgs 11:33 (followed by לַעֲשׂוֺת), v1Kgs 11:38 (followed by וְעָשִׂיתָ) 2Kgs 21:22; Ps 119:3; Ps 128:1 בְּאֹרְחֹתָיו Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2 further (followed by דֶּרֶךְ) Judg 2:17 (γ) in commandments of ׳י 2Chr 17:4 (δ) in his law(s) (תּוֺרָה) Exod 16:4; Exod 16:14 (J) 2Kgs 10:31; Jer 9:12; Jer 44:23 (+ בְּחֻקֹּת & בְּעֵדְוֺת), 2Chr 6:16; Dan 9:10, compare Neh 10:30 (of אֱלֹהִים); (ε) in his ordinances, statutes (חֻקּוֺת) Lev 26:3; 1Kgs 6:12; Jer 44:10; Jer 44:23 (see above), Ezek 5:6; Ezek 5:7; Ezek 11:20; Ezek 18:9; Ezek 18:17; Ezek 20:13; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:21, compare בְּחֻקּוֺת חַיִּים Ezek 33:15 also בְּחֻקֵּי 1Kgs 8:61; Ezek 11:12; Ezek 36:27 (ζ) in his judgments (מִשְׁפָּטִים) Ps 89:31; Ezek 37:24 (η) ordinances of David 1Kgs 3:3, compare also below; (φ) in way(s) of good man 1Sam 8:3; 1Sam 8:5; 2Chr 21:12, of David 2Chr 11:17; 2Chr 34:2, of David & Solomon 2Chr 17:3. (2) in bad sense, (α) in (evil) ways with בְּ 2Kgs 21:21; Ezek 16:47; Ezek 23:31; 2Chr 22:3 compare also (probably) 2Chr 21:20 חֶמְדָּה וַיֵּלֶךְ בְּלאֹ and he lived undesirably (compare ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Kmp Öttli); > others he departed (died) unregretted, so AV RV; (β) followed by accusative 2Kgs 21:21; Jer 18:15 (נְתִיבוֺת ׳ה); (γ) with adverb. accusative הּוֺלֵךְ עִקְּשׁוּת פֶּה Prov 6:12 one walking in perversity (falseness) of mouth (compare צְדָקוֺת Isa 33:15); (δ) in (בְּ)ordinances, statutes (חֻקּוֺת) of bad men Lev 18:3; Lev 20:23 (both H) 2Kgs 17:8; 2Kgs 17:19; Ezek 20:18 (בְּחוּקֵּי).
b. walk with (אֶת, עִם) i.e. associate, be familiar with: בְּשָׁלוֺם אִתִּי ׳וּבְמִישׁוֺר ה Mal 2:6 in peace and uprightness he walked with me (׳י); הַצְנֵעַ לֶכֶת עִםאֲֿלֹהֶיךָ Mic 6:8 but also of people at variance with ׳י וַהֲלְכְתֶּם עִמִּי קֶ֑רִי Lev 26:23 compare vLev 26:27 vLev 26:40 & of ׳י at variance with people וְהָלַכְתִּי ֗֗֗ עִמָּכֶם בְּקֶ֑רִי vLev 26:24 compare vLev 26:28 (all H); with men, אֶתהֲּֿכָמִיםLev 13:20 עִם אַנְשֵׁי רֶשַׁע Job 34:8 compare walk with (עִם) vanity Job 31:5.
c. walk before ׳י (׳לִפְנֵי י; with בֶּאֱמֶת, בְּכָללִֿבָּם etc.) 1Kgs 2:4; 1Kgs 3:6; 1Kgs 8:23; 1Kgs 8:25; 1Kgs 9:4; 2Chr 6:16; 2Chr 7:17 compare ׳קְדֹרַנִּית מִפְּנֵי י׳ה Mal 3:14 walk before the living (i.e. walk aright before them) Eccl 6:8.
d. walk, go, after (אַהֲּדֵי) (1) ׳י Deut 13:5; 1Kgs 14:8; Jer 2:2; Hos 11:10 +; (2) other gods, Judg 2:12 especially D: Deut 4:3; Deut 6:14; Deut 8:19; Deut 13:3; Deut 28:14; Deut 7:6; Deut 8:2; Deut 11:10; Deut 16:11; Deut 25:6 +; compare go & serve other gods Josh 23:16; Deut 13:7; Deut 13:14; Deut 17:3; Deut 29:17 (compare Deut 28:14 above); (3) things which do not profit Jer 2:8 (4) vanity Hos 5:11 (reading שָׁוְא compare VB); see also Amos 2:4.
e. walk in (1) one's integrity, etc., בְּתֻמִּי Ps 26:11 compare Ps 84:12; Prov 10:9, see also תָּמִים ׳ה Ps 15:2, הֹלְכֵי תֹם Prov 2:7 (2) bad sense, in (בְּ) sin 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:26; 1Kgs 15:34; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 16:26; 2Kgs 13:6; 2Kgs 13:11 + (especially of wicked kings); (evil) counsel 2Chr 22:5 compare Ps 1:1. feminine (1) לֵב as subject, (a) = thoughts, לֹא לִבִּי הָלַךְ 2Kgs 5:26 did not my thoughts go forth; (β) evil inclination, Job 31:7 אֶללֵֿב שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶם ֗֗֗ לִבָּם הֹלֵךְ Ezek 11:21 followed by אַהֲרֵי גִלּוּלֵיהֶם Ezek 20:16, אַחֲרֵי בִצְעָם Ezek 33:31 (2) נֶפֶשׁ = desire, טוֺב מַרְאֵה עֵינַיִם מֵהֲלָךְנֶֿפֶשׁ Eccl 6:9 better is sight of the eyes than outgoing of desire

4. other figurative uses: depart from מִפְּנֵי Hos 11:2 (from prophets as God's messengers; opposed to קָרָא); go into, הָֽלְכוּ בַכְּלִמָּה Isa 45:16 they have gone into confusion (judgment on idol-makers); etc. Niph`al Perfect 1 singular כְּצֵל כִּנְטוֺתוֺ נֶהֱלָ֑כְּתִּי Ps 109:23 like a shadow when it stretches out I am gone (compare היה Niph`al) Pi`el (chiefly in poetry & late) Perfect הִלַּכְּתִּי Job 30:28; Ps 131:1 הִלָּ֑כְּתִּי Ps 38:7 3 plural הִלְּכוּ Job 24:10; Lam 5:18 Imperfect יְהַלֵךְ Ezek 18:9 + 2 t.; וַיְהַלֵּךְ 1Kgs 21:27 1 singular אֲהַלֵךְ Ps 86:11 + 2 t.; 3 masculine plural יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ Hab 3:11 + 2 t.; יְהַלֵּכ֑וּן Ps 89:16 + 2 t.; 1 plural נְהַלֵךְ Ps 55:15; Isa 59:9 Imperative הַלֵךְ Eccl 11:9 Participle מְהַלֵךְ Prov 6:11; Ps 104:3 מְהַלְּכִים Eccl 4:15 —

1. walk in or with a throng followed by בְּ local: נְהַלֵךְ בְּרָ֑גֶשׁ ׳בְּבֵית א Ps 55:15 walk, tread on coals עַלהַֿגֶּחָלִים Prov 6:28 of idols Ps 115:7 they do not walk, have not the power of walking (compare יִצְעָ֑דוּ Jer 10:5); of one tramping, formidable, simile of poverty וּבָאכִֿמְהַלֵּךְ רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ Prov 6:11, — a highwayman according to Ges Ew Hi Now, compare ᵐ5; || מַחְסֹרְךָ כְּאִישׁ מָנֵן compare also Hithpa`el Prov 24:34); of ׳י walking (in majesty), marching, לְַכַּֿנְפֵי רוּחַ Ps 104:3 on the wings of the wind; of righteousness, personified, צֶדֶק לְפָנָיו יְהַלֵךְ Ps 85:14 of wisdom בְּאֹרַה צְדָקָה אֲהַלֵךְ Prov 8:20 in the path of righteousness do I walk (stedfastly, unswervingly); of animals, go about, prowl, עַל הַרצִֿיּוֺן שֶׁח֯שָּׁמֵם שׁוּעָלִים הִלְּכוּ ב֑וֺ (Qr שֶּׁשָּׁמֵם) Lam 5:18, of ships, in (stately) movement Ps 104:26 of springs Ps 104:10 between mountains they go (run, flow); of arrows Hab 3:11 at the light of thine arrows that go (fly, shoot; compare Hithpa`el Ps 77:18).

2. also of walking about = living הַמְֿהַלְּכִים תַּחַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ Eccl 4:15 עָרוֺם הִלְּכוּ בְּלִי לְבוּשׁ Job 24:10 nacked they keep going about (frequently), without clothing; so of going about as mourner קֹדֵר הִלַּכְּתִּי Job 30:28; Ps 38:7 (compare Qal Ps 42:10); בַּאֲפֵלוֺת נְהַלֵךְ Isa 59:9 in darkness we walk (of distress); on the other hand בְּאוֺר פָּנֶיךָ יְהַלֵּכ֑וּן Ps 89:16 (of blessedness & prosperity).

3. depart, go entirely away (מִן) מִמְּקוֺם קָדוֺשׁ יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ Eccl 8:10 from the holy place they must depart (on text compare VB; || וְיִשְׁתַּכְּחוּ בָעִיר).

4. figurative of mode of life, action, etc.: of particular path of one's life בְּאֹרַחזֿוּ אֲהַלֵךְ Ps 142:4 specifically in good sense וַיְהַלֵּךְ אַ֑ט 1Kgs 21:27 and he (Ahad) walked softly (as a penitent); oftener with בְּ of path in which: בִּדְרָכַי יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ Ps 81:14 that in my ways they would walk ! compare Ps 86:11 (בַּאֲמִתֶּ֑ךָ), Ezek 18:9 (בְּחֻקּוֺתַי); in bad or doubtful sensse וְהַלֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי לִבְּךָ וּבְמַרְאֵי עֵינֶי֑ךָ Eccl 11:9 compare also לֹא הִלַּכְּתּי בִּגְדֹלֹת Ps 131:1 I do not walk (move, tread) among great things (|| וּבְנִפְלָאוֺת מִמֶּנִּי; figurative of humility, compare also v^a). Hithpa`el Perfect הִתְהַלָּךְֿ Gen 6:9; 1Sam 30:31 וְהִתְהַלֵךְ consecutive Exod 21:19; 1Sam 2:35 2 masculine singular הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתָּ Ezek 28:14; Job 38:16 1 singular הִתְהַלַּכְּתִּי Gen 24:40 + 5 t., etc.; Imperfect יִתְהַלֵךְ Prov 23:31 יִתְהַלָּ֑ךְ Job 18:8; Job 22:14 1 singular אֶתְהַלֵּךְ Ps 43:2 + 2 t.; וְאֶתְהַלְּכָה Ps 119:45 3 masculine plural יִתְהַלְּכוּ 1Sam 2:30 + 2 t.; וַיִּתְהַלְּכוּ Judg 21:24 + 3 t.; יִתְהַלָּ֑כוּ 1Sam 23:13 + 3 t.; יִתְהַלָּכ֑וּן Ps 12:9 3 feminine plural וַתִּתְהַלַּכְנָה Zech 6:7, etc.; Imperative הִתְהַלַּךְ Gen 13:17; Gen 17:1 הִתְהַלְּכוּ Josh 18:8; Zech 6:7 Infinitive (לְ)הִתְהַלֵּךְ Ps 56:14 + 4 t.; suffix הִתְהַלֶּכְךָ Prov 6:22 Participle מִתְהַלֵּךְ Gen 3:8 + 7 t.; feminine singular מִתְהַלֶּכֶת Ezek 1:13 masculine plural מִתְהַלְּכִים 1Sam 25:27 — walk, walk about, move to and fro:

1. literal
a. traverse, in this direction and that, Gen 13:17 (J; בָּאָרֶץ) Josh 18:4 (JE), vJosh 18:8 (id.; ׳בָּאָרֶץ לְכוּ וְהִתְה compare Job 1:7 = Job 2:2 (both || שׁוּט) Zech 1:10; Zech 1:11 similarly also 1Chr 21:4 of fiery appearance in Ezekiel's vision בֵּין הַחַיּוֺת ׳מִתְה Ezek 1:13 of horses in Zechariah's vision Zech 6:7 (בָּאָרֶץ ׳לָלֶכֶת לְהִתְ), vZech 6:7 (׳לְכוּ הִתְהַלְּכוּ בָּא), vZech 6:7 go in different directions מִשָּׁם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל ֗֗֗ אִישׁ לְשִׁבְטוֺ ׳וַיִּתְה Judg 21:24 (|| וַיֵּצְאוּ מִשָּׁם etc.); so of lightning flashes as arrows of ׳י Ps 77:18 went hither & thither; of water running off different ways Ps 58:8 (simile of vanishing of wicked).
b. walk, walk about הִתְהַלֵךְ בַּחוּץ עַלמִֿשְׁעַנְתּוֺ Exod 21:19 (JE) i.e. leaning upon his staff; Prov 6:22 (distinguished from שָׁבַב, חֵקִיץ); 2Sam 11:2 (עַלגַֿנּ בֵּית הַמֶּלָךְ); וּבְחֵקֶר תְּהוֺם הִתְהֵלָּ֑כְתָּ Job 38:16 and in the farthest ground of the deep hast thou walked ? בְּתוֺךְ אַבְנֵיאֵֿשׁ הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתָּ Ezek 28:14 so also of ׳י walking on earth, in anthropomorphic conception אֱלֹהִים מִתְהַלֵךְ ׳קוֺל י בַּגָּן Gen 3:8 (J) the sound of ׳י Elohim walking about in the garden; of God (El) וְחוּג שָׁמַיִם יִתְהַלָּ֑ךְ Job 22:14 and the vault of heaven he walketh; walk about in front of (לִפְנֵי) Esth 2:11 attend, follow, of retainers הַמִּתְהַלְּכִים בְּרַגְלֵי אֲדֹנִי 1Sam 25:27 wander, of Israel מִגּוֺי אֶלגּֿוֺי Ps 105:13 = 1Chr 16:20 rove about, of David and his band אֲשֶׁרהִֿתְהַלֶּךְשָֿׁם 1Sam 30:31 וַיִּתְהַלְּכוּ בַּאֲשֶׁר יִתְּהָלָּ֑כוּ 1Sam 23:13 (on this phrase compare Lag^{Psalt. Hleron. 1874, 156 f.} Dr^Sm); walk about, prowl, of Jehoiachin under figure of lion, ׳וַיִתְה בְּתוֺךְאֲֿרָיוֺת Ezek 19:6 compare also וּבָאמִֿתְהַלֵךְ רֵישֶׁ֑ךָ Prov 24:34 and thy poverty cometh marching (compare Pi`el Prov 6:11); glide, flow of wine בְּמֵישָׁרִים ׳יִתְה Prov 23:31 glideth down smoothly (VB; compare Qal 3 Song 7:10); note especially the following, where emphasis lies not on verb, but on an auxiliary word; these cases form the natural transition to the figurative use: — Ps 12:9 on every side wicked men are walking; בְּצֶלֶם יִתְהָלֶּךְאִֿישׁ Ps 39:7 in appearance (semblance, literally image compare Che^{critical note}.) walketh a man; also לָמָּה קֹדֵר אֶתְהַלֵךְ Ps 43:2 (compare Qal Ps 42:10, Pi`el Ps 38:7; Job 30:28).

2. figurative walk about = live; the king before (לִפְּנֵי) his people 1Sam 12:2, so of Samuel v1Sam 12:2 of priest 1Sam 2:35 (לִפְנֵי מְשִׁיחִי); of friendly intercourse with (אֶת) men 1Sam 25:15 compare כְּרֵעַ כְּאָחלִֿי הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתִּי Ps 35:14 of man's relation to God: especially followed by לִפְנֵי, לְפָנָי וֶהְיֵהתָמִים ׳ה Gen 17:1 (P) walk before me (live constantly in my presence) and (so) be perfect, compare Gen 24:40 (J), Gen 48:15 (E); לְפָנֶיךָ בֶּאֱמֶת וּבְלֵבָכ שָׁלֵם ׳ה 2Kgs 20:3 = Isa 38:3 as token of divine favour יִתְהַלְּכוּ לְפָנַי עַדעֿוֺלָם 1Sam 2:20 (see especially Dr, on sense here & elsewhere); Ps 116:9 בְּאַרְצוֺת הַחַיִּים ׳אֶתְּהַלֵּךְ לִפְנֵי י, Ps 56:14 (בְּאוֺר הַחַיִּים); בִּשְׁמוֺ ׳יִתְה Zech 10:12 they shall walk in his name; with אֶת, of Enoch and Noah אֶתהָֿאֱלֹחִים ׳ה Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9 (denoting intimacy, fellowship: all P); further בַּאֲמִתֶּ֑ךָ ׳ה Ps 26:3 I have walked in thy faithfulness; בְּתֻמּוֺ ׳מִתְה צַדִּיק Prov 20:7 he that walketh justly in his (own) integrity; בְּתָםלְֿבָבִי בְּקֶרֶב בֵּיתִּי ׳אֶתְה Ps 101:2 compare also Ps 119:45 and let me walk in a large place (untrammelled, undismayed); of the wicked מִתְהַלֵּךְ בַּאֲשָׁמָיו Ps 68:22 onegoing on in his guilty deeds; ׳בַּחֲשֵׁכָה יִתְה Ps 82:5 they walk in darkness (|| לֹא יָָֽדְעוּ וְלֹא יָבִינוּ); of their exposure ׳עַלשְֿׁבָכָה יִתְה Job 18:8 he walketh on net-work, (snare, compare שׂבכה; || שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו); especially of ׳י as accompanying Israel בְּקֶרֶב מַחֲנֶךָ ׳מִתְח Deut 23:15 walk in the midst, etc., בְּתוֺכְכֶם Lev 26:12; 2Sam 7:7 wherever (בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר) I have walked with (among בְּ) all (the sons of) Israel = 1Chr 17:6 as inhabiting a tent, on the march, וָּאֶהְיֶה מִתְהַלֵּךְ בְּאֹהֶל וּבְמִשְׁכָּ֑ן 2Sam 7:6 and I was walking in a tent and in a tabernacle. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הוֺלִיךְ (as if from ילך, i.e. a verb פו֞, compare references below Qal Imperfect above) 2Kgs 24:15 suffix הוֺלִיכְךָ Deut 8:2, וְהוֺלִיכוֺ consecutive Prov 16:29, etc.; Imperfect יוֺלִיךְ Eccl 10:20, יוֺלִךְ Jer 32:5 jussive יוֺלֵךְ Deut 28:36 שֶׁיֹּלֵךְ Eccl 5:14 וַיּוֺ֫לֶךְ Exod 14:21 וַיֹּ֫לֶךְ 2Kgs 6:19 + 2 t.; וַיֹּלַ֖ךְ Lam 3:2 suffix וִיּוֺלִכֵּ נִי Ezek 40:24; Ezek 43:1; Ezek 47:6 1 singular אוֺלִיךְ 2Sam 13:13; Ezek 32:14, cohortative וְאוֺלִיכָה 2Kgs 6:19, וָאוֺלֵךְ Amos 2:10 + 3 t., etc.; Imperative הוֺלֵךְ Num 17:11 feminine singular הֵילִיכִי Exod 2:9 (Bö^{ii. 461, § 1103};; but read probably הוֺלִיכִי Ol^{§ 256, b} Ges^{«GKC:69»§ 69}, 2, R 8); masculine plural הֹלִיכוּ 2Kgs 17:27 Infinitive suffix לְהֹלִיכוֺ 2Chr 36:6 Participle מוֺלִיךְ Jer 2:6 + 4 t.; suffix מוֺלִיכְךָ Deut 8:15, מוֺלִכֵךְ Jer 2:17 מוֺלִיכָם Isa 63:13 feminine plural מוֺלִכוֺת Zech 5:10 —

1. lead, bring: followed by accusative usually of person;
a. with בְּ of space or region through which, Deut 8:15 (Israel in wilderness) Jer 2:6; Ps 136:16, so also Isa 48:21 בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ Jer 2:17 compare Josh 24:3 (E), Isa 63:13; Ps 106:9 also figurative Isa 42:16 and I will lead (the) blind in a way (בְּדֶרֶךְ) they know not;
b. with accusative of person, בְּ of space + accusative of time וָאוֺלֵךְ אֶתְכֶם אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה בַּמִּדְבָּר Deut 29:4 so Amos 2:10 (followed by Infinitive of purpose with לְ).
c. followed by accusative of person + accusative of way, road, Deut 8:2, compare דֶּרֶךְ הַדָּרוֺם Ezek 40:24 (accusative of direction).
d. followed by accusative of person + accusative of place or condition to which אֶתנְֿשֵׁי הַמֶּלֶךְ ֗֗֗ הוֺלִיךְ גּוֺלָה 2Kgs 24:15 the women of the king, etc., he led into exile (מִירוּשָׁלְם בָבֶ֑לָה); so also, of exile וְהוֺלַכְּתִּיהָ הַמִּדְבָּר Hos 2:16 בָּבֶל Jer 32:5 compare of Yahwesh's chastisement, Lam 3:2 me hath he driven and brought, into darkness and not into light; followed by accusative of person + אֶלגֿוֺי ׃אל etc. Deut 28:36 (of exile); אֶלנַֿחֲלֵימַֿיִם Jer 31:9 אֶלהַֿשַּׁעַר Ezek 43:1 אֶלהָֿעֵדָה Num 17:11 (P; implicit object being censer); אֶל of person 2Kgs 6:19; Jer 52:26, עַל in || 2Kgs 25:20 עַל also 1Kgs 1:38 וַיֹּלִכוּ אֹתוֺ עַלגִּֿיחוֺן (see below עַל 7 c β).
e. followed by accusative of person + ָ ה locative: שֹׁמְרֹ֫נָה 2Kgs 6:19 בָּבֶּ֫לָה 2Chr 33:11; 2Chr 36:6 (compare 2Kgs 24:15 above); compare שָׁ֫מָּה 2Kgs 17:27.

2. lead away followed by accusative of person + apposition; מוֺלִיךְ יוֺעֲצִים שׁוֺלָ֑ל Job 12:17 he (׳י) leadeth away counsellors despoiled compare vJob 12:19 of Yahweh's judgment on the wicked Ps 125:5 ׳י will lead them away with (אֶת) the workers of iniquity.

3. carry, bring: with object helpless, or inanimate:
a. + accusative of location, Josiah to Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַם) 2Chr 35:24 (וַיְבִיאֻהוּ in || 2Kgs 23:30); compare Zech 5:10 whither are these carrying the ephah? אָ֫נָה אוֺלִיךְ אֶתחֶֿרְפָּתִי 2Sam 13:13.
b. carry, take, take away, חֵילִיכִי אֶתהַֿיֶּלֶד Exod 2:9 (E; on form compare above); also carry away בְּיָדוֺ, in his hand, Eccl 5:14 of the spread of a careless speech Eccl 10:20 fowl of the heavens shall carry the voice (|| בַּעַל ה֯כְּנָפַיִם יַגֵּיד דָּבָר).

4. figurative, of influence on character: with accusative of person + בְּ into: Prov 16:29 and he will lead him into a way

that is not good (i.e. sinful).

5. a. cause to walk, go, men (i.e. עַמִּי יִשְׂרָאֵל) on (עַל) the mountains of Israel Ezek 36:12 (|| וִירֵשׁוּךָ, וְהָיִיתָ לָהֶם לְנַחֲלָה); compare וָאוֺלֵךְ אֶתְכֶם קוֺמֲמִיּוּת Lev 26:13 and I caused you to walk upright (figurative; opposed to being bowed down by a yoke); Isa 63:12 that caused his glorious arm to go at (לְ) the right hand of Moses.
b. cause to flow, run Ezek 32:14 and rivers like oil will I cause to flow.
c. cause to depart, retire, go back, ׳י, the sea, Exod 14:21 (בְּ instrumental, בְּרוּחַ קָדִים).

BDB4419 H1980

לְךָ = לְכָה Imperative of הָלַךְ q. v.

BDB4423 H1980

לְכָה, לֵ֑כָה Imperative from הָלַךְ q. v.; לְכָה also for לְךָ to thee Gen 27:37.

go, went, walk, walked, come, …

hālak

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

to go, walk, come

(Qal)

to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away

to walk

to traverse

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqi3mp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H935

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Sp2ms

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H413

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncmsc

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3996

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5971

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqi3mp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3427

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncbpc/Sp2ms

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6440

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc/Sp1cs

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5971

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqq3cp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H8085

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar To

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmpc/Sp2ms

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1697

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/To/Sp3mp

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Tn

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3808

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqi3mp

Verb Chart