Luke 2:8

Καὶ ποιμένες ἦσαν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ αὐτῇ ἀγραυλοῦντες καὶ φυλάσσοντες φυλακὰς τῆς νυκτὸς ἐπὶ τὴν ποίμνην αὐτῶν
And there were in the same country shepherds abiding in the field, keeping watch over their flock by night.
Connections

Genesis 31:39

טְרֵפָה לֹֽא-הֵבֵאתִי אֵלֶיךָ אָֽנֹכִי אֲחַטֶּנָּה מִיָּדִי תְּבַקְשֶׁנָּה גְּנֻֽבְתִי יוֹם וּגְנֻֽבְתִי לָֽיְלָה׃
39
That which was torn of beasts I brought not unto thee; I bare the loss of it; of my hand didst thou require it, whether stolen by day, or stolen by night.

Psalms 78:70

וַיִּבְחַר בְּדָוִד עַבְדּוֹ וַיִּקָּחֵהוּ מִֽמִּכְלְאֹת צֹֽאן׃
70
He chose David also his servant, and took him from the sheepfolds:

1 Samuel 17:34

וַיֹּאמֶר דָּוִד אֶל-שָׁאוּל רֹעֶה הָיָה עַבְדְּךָ לְאָבִיו בַּצֹּאן וּבָא הָֽאֲרִי וְאֶת-הַדּוֹב וְנָשָׂא שֶׂה מֵֽהָעֵֽדֶר׃
34
And David said unto Saul, Thy servant kept his father's sheep, and there came a lion, and a bear, and took a lamb out of the flock:

John 10:8

πάντες ὅσοι πρὸ ἐμοῦ ἦλθον κλέπται εἰσὶν καὶ λῃσταί ἀλλ' οὐκ ἤκουσαν αὐτῶν τὰ πρόβατα
8
All that ever came before me are thieves and robbers: but the sheep did not hear them.

Ezekiel 34:8

חַי-אָנִי נְאֻם׀ אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה אִם-לֹא יַעַן הֱיֽוֹת-צֹאנִי׀ לָבַז וַתִּֽהְיֶינָה צֹאנִי לְאָכְלָה לְכָל-חַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה מֵאֵין רֹעֶה וְלֹֽא-דָרְשׁוּ רֹעַי אֶת-צֹאנִי וַיִּרְעוּ הָֽרֹעִים אוֹתָם וְאֶת-צֹאנִי לֹא רָעֽוּ׃
8
As I live, saith the Lord GOD, surely because my flock became a prey, and my flock became meat to every beast of the field, because there was no shepherd, neither did my shepherds search for my flock, but the shepherds fed themselves, and fed not my flock;

Exodus 3:1

וּמֹשֶׁה הָיָה רֹעֶה אֶת-צֹאן יִתְרוֹ חֹֽתְנוֹ כֹּהֵן מִדְיָן וַיִּנְהַג אֶת-הַצֹּאן אַחַר הַמִּדְבָּר וַיָּבֹא אֶל-הַר הָֽאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵֽבָה׃
1
Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro his father in law, the priest of Midian: and he led the flock to the backside of the desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb.
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Luke 2:8
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Letters
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Grammar CONJ
Greek: Conjunction Or Conjunctive Particle Dictionary form: καί · keh
In English
In the KJV here: and
and ×8028 also ×492 even ×102 both ×51 but ×40 then ×25 neither ×21 it and ×18
Strong's Definition G2532
and, also, even, both, but, …
kai
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • and, also, even, indeed, but
Variations 3 forms of this word
Translations 161 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar N-NPM
Noun — Nominative, masculine plural the subject — the one doing the action plural — usually add "-s"
ποιμένες Speech Noun Case Nominative Gender Masculine Number Plural
Dictionary form: ποιμήν · poo-MANE
In English
In the KJV here: shepherds
shepherd ×11 shepherds ×4 a shepherd ×1 pastors ×1 the shepherd ×1
Strong's Definition G4166
shepherd, shepherds, pastors
poimēn
a shepherd (literally or figuratively)
  • a herdsman, especially a shepherd
    • in the parable, he to whose care and control others have committed themselves, and whose precepts they follow
    metaphorically
    • the presiding officer, manager, director, of any assembly: so of Christ the Head of the church
      • of the overseers of the Christian assemblies
        • "of kings and princes
Variations 6 forms of this word
Translations 5 English renderings
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In English
In the KJV here: there were
was ×161 were ×54 he was ×35 there was ×32 it was ×23 they were ×20 there were ×17 had ×9
Strong's Definition G2258
was, were, been, had, he, …
ēn
I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
  • I was, etc.
Variations 8 forms of this word
Translations 58 English renderings
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Letters
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Grammar PREP
Preposition
ἐν Speech Preposition
Dictionary form: ἐν · en
In English
In the KJV here: in
in ×1760 with ×144 by ×138 among ×111 at ×100 on ×44 through ×37 is in ×27
Strong's Definition G1722
in, with, by, among, at, …
en
___%___in,___%___ at, (up-)on, by, etc
  • in, by, with
Variations 1 forms of this word
Translations 149 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar T-DSF
Definite Article — Dative, feminine singular the indirect object, or the means — try "to / for ___" or "by / with ___"
τῇ Speech Definite Article Case Dative Gender Feminine Number Singular
Dictionary form: ὁ · hoh
In English
the ×7529 he ×303 which ×278 that ×240 they ×142 a ×139 his ×92 them ×87
Strong's Definition G3588
the, which, that, he, they, …
ho
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • this, that, these, etc. Only significant renderings other than ___%___the___%___ counted
Variations 16 forms of this word
Translations 525 English renderings
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Letters
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Grammar N-DSF
Noun — Dative, feminine singular the indirect object, or the means — try "to / for ___" or "by / with ___"
χώρᾳ Speech Noun Case Dative Gender Feminine Number Singular
Dictionary form: χώρα · HOH-ra
In English
In the KJV here: country
country ×14 fields ×2 land ×2 region ×2 coasts ×1 countries ×1 ground ×1 land of ×1
Strong's Definition G5561
country, region, land, fields, ground, …
chōra
room, i.e., a space of territory (more or less extensive; often including its inhabitants)
  • the space lying between two places or limits
    • "a region or country i.e., a tract of land
    • the (rural) region surrounding a city or village, the country
      • "the region with towns and villages which surround a metropolis
    land which is ploughed or cultivated, ground
Variations 5 forms of this word
Translations 11 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar T-DSF
Definite Article — Dative, feminine singular the indirect object, or the means — try "to / for ___" or "by / with ___"
τῇ Speech Definite Article Case Dative Gender Feminine Number Singular
Dictionary form: ὁ · hoh
In English
In the KJV here: the
the ×7529 he ×303 which ×278 that ×240 they ×142 a ×139 his ×92 them ×87
Strong's Definition G3588
the, which, that, he, they, …
ho
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • this, that, these, etc. Only significant renderings other than ___%___the___%___ counted
Variations 16 forms of this word
Translations 525 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar P-DSF
Personal Pronoun — Dative, feminine singular the indirect object, or the means — try "to / for ___" or "by / with ___"
αὐτῇ Speech Personal Pronoun Case Dative Gender Feminine Number Singular
Dictionary form: αὐτός · av-TOSE
In English
In the KJV here: same
him ×1449 his ×979 them ×691 unto him ×353 unto them ×338 their ×290 he ×217 her ×177
Strong's Definition G846
him, them, his, their, he, …
autos
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • himself, herself, themselves, itself
    • "he, she, it"the same
Variations 38 forms of this word
Translations 208 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar V-PAP-NPM
Verb — Present Active Participle Nominative, masculine plural ongoing action — try "he ___s" or "he is ___ing" the subject does the action — "he ___s" a verbal adjective — try "___ing" or "the one who ___s" the subject — the one doing the action
ἀγραυλοῦντες Speech Verb Tense Present Voice Active Mood Participle Case Nominative Gender Masculine Number Plural
Dictionary form: ἀγραυλέω · ah-grev-LEH-oh
In English
In the KJV here: abiding in the field
abiding in the field ×1
Strong's Definition G63
abiding
agrauleō
to camp out
  • to live in the fields, be under the open sky, even at night
Variations 1 forms of this word
Translations 1 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar CONJ
Greek: Conjunction Or Conjunctive Particle Dictionary form: καί · keh
In English
and ×8028 also ×492 even ×102 both ×51 but ×40 then ×25 neither ×21 it and ×18
Strong's Definition G2532
and, also, even, both, but, …
kai
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
  • and, also, even, indeed, but
Variations 3 forms of this word
Translations 161 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar V-PAP-NPM
Verb — Present Active Participle Nominative, masculine plural ongoing action — try "he ___s" or "he is ___ing" the subject does the action — "he ___s" a verbal adjective — try "___ing" or "the one who ___s" the subject — the one doing the action
φυλάσσοντες Speech Verb Tense Present Voice Active Mood Participle Case Nominative Gender Masculine Number Plural
Dictionary form: φυλάσσω · foo-LAHS-soh
In English
In the KJV here: keeping
keep ×8 to keep ×3 have i kept ×2 and keepest ×1 beware ×1 beware these things ×1 have i observed ×1 he was kept ×1
Strong's Definition G5442
keep, kept, beware, observe, observed, …
phylassō
to watch, i.e., be on guard (literally of figuratively); by implication, to preserve, obey, avoid
  • to guard
    • to watch, keep watch
      • "to guard or watch, have an eye upon: lest he escape"to guard a person (or thing) that he may remain safe
      • lest he suffer violence, be despoiled, etc. to protect
        • "to protect one from a person or thing"to keep from being snatched away, preserve safe and unimpaired"to guard from being lost or perishing"to guard one's self from a thing
      to guard i.e., care for, take care not to violate
      • to observe
    to observe for one's self something to escape
    • to avoid, shun flee from
      • "to guard for one's self (i.e., for one's safety's sake) so as not to violate, i.e., to keep, observe (the precepts of the Mosaic law)
Variations 19 forms of this word
Translations 20 English renderings
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Letters
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Grammar N-APF
Noun — Accusative, feminine plural the direct object — the one receiving the action plural — usually add "-s"
φυλακὰς Speech Noun Case Accusative Gender Feminine Number Plural
Dictionary form: φυλακή · foo-la-KAY
In English
In the KJV here: watch
prison ×32 watch ×5 prisons ×2 a cage ×1 imprisonment ×1 imprisonments ×1 in prison ×1 into prisons ×1
Strong's Definition G5438
prison, watch, prisons, ward, cage, …
phylakē
a guarding or (concretely, guard), the act, the person; figuratively, the place, the condition, or (specially), the time (as a division of day or night), literally or figuratively
  • guard, watch
    • a watching, keeping watch
      • to keep watch
      persons keeping watch, a guard, sentinels"of the place where captives are kept, a prison"of the time (of night) during which guard was kept, a watch i.e., a period of time during which part of the guard was on duty, and at the end of which others relieved them
Variations 8 forms of this word
Translations 11 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar T-GSF
Definite Article — Genitive, feminine singular possession or source — try "of ___" or "___'s"
τῆς Speech Definite Article Case Genitive Gender Feminine Number Singular
Dictionary form: ὁ · hoh
In English
the ×7529 he ×303 which ×278 that ×240 they ×142 a ×139 his ×92 them ×87
Strong's Definition G3588
the, which, that, he, they, …
ho
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • this, that, these, etc. Only significant renderings other than ___%___the___%___ counted
Variations 16 forms of this word
Translations 525 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar N-GSF
Noun — Genitive, feminine singular possession or source — try "of ___" or "___'s"
νυκτὸς Speech Noun Case Genitive Gender Feminine Number Singular
Dictionary form: νύξ · nooks
In English
In the KJV here: by night
night ×39 by night ×8 night of ×4 the night ×4 nights ×3 in the night ×2 at night ×1 midnight ×1
Strong's Definition G3571
night, nights, midnight
nyx
___%___night___%___ (literally or figuratively)
  • night
    • "metaphorically the time when work ceases
    • the time of death
      • "the time for deeds of sin and shame"the time of moral stupidity and darkness"the time when the weary and also the drunken give themselves up to slumber
Variations 8 forms of this word
Translations 10 English renderings
Night
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Grammar PREP
Preposition
ἐπὶ Speech Preposition
Dictionary form: ἐπί · eh-PEE
In English
In the KJV here: over
on ×186 upon ×153 in ×117 over ×48 unto ×46 to ×41 at ×40 against ×37
Strong's Definition G1909
on, upon, in, over, unto, …
epi
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of rest (with the dative case) at, on, etc.; of direction (with the accusative case) towards, upon, etc
  • upon, on, at, by, before
    • "of position, on, at, by, over, against"to, over, on, at, across, against
Variations 5 forms of this word
Translations 77 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar T-ASF
Definite Article — Accusative, feminine singular the direct object — the one receiving the action
τὴν Speech Definite Article Case Accusative Gender Feminine Number Singular
Dictionary form: ὁ · hoh
In English
the ×7529 he ×303 which ×278 that ×240 they ×142 a ×139 his ×92 them ×87
Strong's Definition G3588
the, which, that, he, they, …
ho
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom)
  • this, that, these, etc. Only significant renderings other than ___%___the___%___ counted
Variations 16 forms of this word
Translations 525 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar N-ASF
Noun — Accusative, feminine singular the direct object — the one receiving the action
ποίμνην Speech Noun Case Accusative Gender Feminine Number Singular
Dictionary form: ποίμνη · POOM-nay
In English
In the KJV here: flock
flock of ×2 a flock ×1 flock ×1 fold ×1
Strong's Definition G4167
flock, fold
poimnē
a flock (literally or figuratively)
  • a flock (especially) of sheep
    • of Christ's flock i.e., the body of those who follow Jesus as their guide and keeper
Variations 3 forms of this word
Translations 4 English renderings
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Letters
Greek Alphabeta
Grammar P-GPM
Personal Pronoun — Genitive, masculine plural possession or source — try "of ___" or "___'s" plural — usually add "-s"
αὐτῶν Speech Personal Pronoun Case Genitive Gender Masculine Number Plural
Dictionary form: αὐτός · av-TOSE
In English
In the KJV here: their
him ×1449 his ×979 them ×691 unto him ×353 unto them ×338 their ×290 he ×217 her ×177
Strong's Definition G846
him, them, his, their, he, …
autos
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative G1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
  • himself, herself, themselves, itself
    • "he, she, it"the same
Variations 38 forms of this word
Translations 208 English renderings
Luke 2:7
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Luke 2:9