BDB8502 H7725
BDB8501 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8503
שׁוּב1056 verb turn back, return (Late Hebrew id.; Hiph`il in MI8 f. 12; Sabean תֿיב, התֿב, especially requite OsZMG xix (1865), 198 SabDenkmNo. 20, l. 1 HomChrest. 122 CISiv. 81, i. 9, etc.; Arabic return, so Aramaic תּוּב, ); — Qal685 Perfect 3 masculine singular
שָׁב Gen 18:33 +, 3 feminine singular
שָׁ֫בָה Ruth 1:15 +,
וְשָׁבַת consecutive
Ezek 46:17 (
Ges«GKC:72o»§ 72o, but
Co Toy
Krae וְשֶׁבָה), 2 masculine singular
שַׁבְתָּ Ps 85:2, etc.;
Imperfect 3 masculine singular
יָשׁוּב Hos 11:5 + often,
יָשֻׁב Ps 146:4;
Lam 3:3, jussive
יָשֹׁב Judg 7:3 +,
וַיָּ֫שָׁב Gen 26:18 +; 3 feminine plural
תָּשֹׁבְןָ Ezek 16:55 (twice in verse),
תְּשֻׁבֶינָה v
Ezek 16:55, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular
שׁוּב Gen 31:3 +,
שֻׁב Exod 4:19;
1Kgs 18:43,
שׁוּ֫בָה Hos 14:2 +, feminine plural
שֹׁבְנָה Ruth 1:8;
Ruth 1:11;
Ruth 1:12, etc.;
Infinitive absolute שׁוֺב Gen 8:3 +,
construct שׁוּב Exod 4:21 +,
שֹׁב Josh 2:16 (
Ges«GKC:72q»§ 72q), etc.;
Participle שָׁב Gen 43:18 +, feminine singular
שָׁבָ֫ה Ruth 1:22 +, etc.; passive construct
שׁוּבֵי Mic 2:8 —
turn back, return: 1. turn back, with
מִן local
Judg 3:19;
Judg 8:13, compare
Judg 7:3, with
מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. from following
2Sam 11:15;
1Kgs 19:21;
Ruth 1:16, from pursuing
2Sam 2:26;
2Sam 2:30;
1Kgs 22:33 =
2Chr 18:32 with
מִן of pursuit
1Sam 17:53;
1Sam 23:28, compare
2Chr 11:4 with
אַחֲרֵי person, i.e. so as to follow
1Sam 15:31;
2Sam 23:10 turn back in fear,
מִן of thing
Job 39:22 (of horse),
מִפְּנֵי כֹל Prov 30:30 (of lion), so absolute (of foes)
Ps 6:11;
Ps 56:10;
Ps 70:4, in shame
Lam 1:8 turn back and do so and so:
Gen 14:7;
Exod 14:2, compare
Num 33:7 (
עַל location, both
P),
Josh 8:21 (
E),
Josh 11:10 (
J),
1Chr 21:20, followed by infinitive
2Chr 20:27 absolute
turn back (face about)
Song 7:1 (4 t. in verse) (+ verb); = be repulsed, defeated
Ps 9:4;
Ps 74:21 figurative
turn back, namely, from a promise or a vow
Judg 11:35 with
מִן of service
Num 8:25 (
P), i.e. be exempt.
2. return, come or go back, with
מֵעַל person
1Sam 17:15 (opposed to
הלד),
2Sam 10:14;
2Kgs 18:14,
מִן person
Josh 10:31 (+
בְּשָׁלוֺם),
מִן local, especially from foreign land
2Kgs 8:3;
2Chr 10:2;
Ruth 1:6;
Ruth 1:22;
Ruth 2:6;
Ruth 4:3;
Jer 31:16;
Jer 40:12;
Jer 43:5;
Jer 44:28;
Ezra 6:21;
Neh 8:17,
מֵהַכּוֺת Gen 14:17 (
J E ?),
1Sam 17:57;
1Sam 18:6;
2Sam 1:1;
2Sam 8:13,
מֵאַחֲרֵי i.e. from pursuing
1Sam 24:2 (
Gi v.
1Sam 23:1); figurative,
מִנִּי חשֶׁךְ ׳לֹא שׁ Job 15:22 (see
חשֶׁךְ 3 a);
עִבְרוּ זָשׁוּבוּ מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר Exod 32:27 (
J), i.e.
go back and forth from gate to gate, compare (absolute) participle as substantive
עֹבֵר וָשָׁב Zech 7:14;
Zech 9:8 and (= all persons)
Ezek 35:7 also
וַיֵּצֵא יָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Gen 8:7 (
J),
רָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Ezek 1:14 (strike out
Hi Co Toy and others; yet see
Krae);
Gen 8:3 (
J) see
הלד 4 c (4).
3. especially
return unto: a. go back,
אֶל person
Num 23:5;
Num 23:16 (
JE),
2Kgs 1:6 (||
הָלַךְ, as often),
Exod 5:22 (
J;
׳אֶליֿ),
Exod 32:31 (
E;
id),
Num 17:15 (
P),
2Sam 20:22 (+ accusative of location),
Jer 46:16 (both +
אֶל location), + 17 t.;
אֶל location also
Gen 21:32;
Gen 28:21 (both
E),
2Sam 11:4;
Hos 5:15 (of
׳י),
2Chr 19:1 (+
בְּשָׁלוֺם, +
ל person),
Esth 2:14 (opposed to
בּוֺא),
Esth 7:8 (+
מִן local), + 27 t.; of a dog
עַלקֵֿאוֺ ׳שׁ Prov 26:11 ל location
Gen 18:33 (
J),
1Sam 26:25;
1Sam 29:4;
1Kgs 19:15 (+
ה- locative),
Gen 33:16 (
J;
לְדַרְכּוֺ, +
id.),
Ps 7:8 (of
׳י), + 25 t.;
ל person
Ruth 1:10 (
לְעַמֵךְ);
ה- locative also
Gen 44:13 (
J),
Exod 4:20;
Exod 4:21 (
R),
Exod 13:17 (
E), + 5 t.;
שָׁם (=
שָׁ֫מָּה)
Jer 22:27 accusative of location also
Hos 8:13;
Hos 9:3;
1Sam 18:2;
2Sam 3:27;
2Sam 15:27 (+
בְּשָׁלוֺם),
2Kgs 2:25 (+
מִן local), + 15 t.; accusative
דֶּרֶךָ Ezek 46:9 accusative of person
Num 10:36 אַחֲרֵי person
Ruth 1:15 absolute
2Sam 3:16;
2Sam 19:16 (+
בּוֺא),
1Kgs 18:43;
Jer 40:5 (< strike out
ᵐ5 Gie Du),
Ezek 7:13b (strike out
ᵐ5 Co Krae and others) +; followed by verb,
go back and do so and so,
Gen 43:2;
1Sam 1:19;
1Sam 29:7 (
שׁוּב וְלֵךְ בְּשָׁלוֺם),
1Kgs 13:22;
2Chr 18:16 (+
בְּשָׁלוֺם) +, (
Jer 42:10 read
יָשׁוֺב Vrss and modern); followed by infinitive purpose
Judg 14:8;
2Sam 6:20 + 10 t.
b. come back,
אֶל person
Gen 8:9 (
J; +
אֶל location),
Exod 24:14 (
J),
1Sam 23:23 +
2Sam 17:3 (
ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr HPS Bu),
1Kgs 12:15 (opposed to
הָלַךְ) + 9 t. + (in hostility)
Judg 20:48 אֶל location also
Zech 8:3 (subject
׳י);
Josh 22:32 (
P) has
מֵאֵת person +
מִן local +
אֶל location +
אֶל person;
אֶל of thing
Ezek 7:13 עַל person
Neh 4:6;
Mic 5:2 (be reunited to);
עַל location
1Kgs 17:21;
1Kgs 17:22 ל location
Josh 1:15 (
R),
Zech 1:16 (subject
׳י),
2Chr 30:9 + (from exile) 5 t.;
ל animal.,
Job 39:4 ה- locative
Gen 15:16 (
E),
Gen 50:14 (
J); accusative of location
2Chr 19:8 שָׁם Jer 20:11 (opposed to
יָצָא),
שָׁ֫מָּה v
Jer 20:27,
הֵ֫נָּה Jer 31:8 absolute
Gen 43:10 (
J),
2Sam 10:5;
2Kgs 1:5;
Isa 21:12 (||
אָתָה),
Job 39:12 (
Kt, so
Bu Du; of wild ox), + often; +
בְּשָׁלוֺם Judg 8:9;
1Kgs 22:28 (
שׁוֺב תָּשׁוּב) =
2Chr 18:27;
2Chr 18:26 + verb,
come back and do so and so,
Deut 1:45;
Deut 30:8;
Jer 37:8;
1Kgs 19:7;
1Kgs 20:5;
2Kgs 9:36;
Ps 60:2 (title), compare
Zech 4:1;
Dan 11:10,
לָשֶׁבֶת ׳שׁ Num 35:32 (
P),
לָלֶכֶת ׳שׁ Eccl 5:14.
4. a. of dying, אֶלֿ(הֶ)עָפָר ׳שׁ Gen 3:19 (twice in verse) (J), Ps 104:29; Eccl 3:20, עַלעָֿפָר Job 34:15 לְאַדְמָתוֺ ׳שׁ Ps 146:4, compare אָשׁוּב שָׁ֫מָּה (i.e. בֶּטֶן אִמּוֺ) Job 1:21 (see Di Bu, also Eccl 5:14); לִשְׁא֑וֺלָה ׳שׁ Ps 9:18 so probably absolute Ps 90:3 (> come back to life); of (human) dust, עַלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳שׁ Eccl 12:7 breath, אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהַים ׳שׁ vEccl 12:7.
b. of revival from death, לְבֵיתוֺ ׳שׁ Job 7:10, absolute Job 10:21 (opposed to הָלַךְ), Job 16:22 (id.), Prov 2:19 also with אֶל person 2Sam 12:13. 5. figurative of human relations:
a. return to leader, king,
אֶל person,
Judg 11:8;
1Kgs 12:27 (twice in verse); to divorced wife
Jer 3:1 (opposed to
הלד).
b. = change so as to approach (in purpose, desire),
אֶלֿ person
Jer 15:9 (twice in verse).
c. turn, i.e. resort to,
ל person
Ps 119:79.
d. return to a physical condition
Job 33:25 (
ל of thing); to a state or course of life,
ל of thing
Isa 23:17;
Ezek 16:55 (3 t. in verse);
Neh 9:17;
Ps 85:9 עַל of thing
Jer 11:10,
הֲלוֺם Ps 73:10 (but corrupt);
ב Jer 8:6 (
Du reads
שָׁט for
שָׁב).
e. absolute = change course of action; from good to bad,
וַיָּשָׁב וַיִּמְרָראבּוֺ 2Kgs 24:1;
Jer 34:11;
Jer 34:16 bad to good v
Jer 34:15 so
׳שׁ alone
Job 6:29 (twice in verse) (probably; read
וְשׁוּבוּ, so
Di Da Bu and others; other interpretations
De Du and others).
feminine passive participle =
averse,
שׁוּבֵי מִלְחָמָה Mic 2:8 (>
We Now שְׁבִי spoil of war).
6. figurative, specifically of spiritual relations:
a. turn back from God, =
apostatize,
׳מֵאַחֲרֵי י Num 14:43 (
J),
1Sam 15:11;
1Kgs 9:6 (
שׁוֺב תְּשֻׁב֫וּן),
Jer 3:19;
Num 32:15;
Josh 22:16;
Josh 22:18;
Josh 22:23;
Josh 22:29 (all
P); absolute (usually + verb)
Judg 2:19;
Judg 8:33;
Josh 23:12 (
RD),
Jer 8:4;
Ps 78:41;
2Chr 7:19.
b. of
׳י,
turn away,
מֵאַחֲרֵי person
Deut 23:15.
c. turn back to God (= seek penitently),
׳אֶליֿ Hos 6:1;
Hos 7:10;
Hos 14:3;
Jer 3:7;
1Kgs 8:33;
1Kgs 8:48 (
בְּכָלֿ לֵבָב), + 18 t.;
אֶלאֱֿלֹהִים Hos 5:4;
Ps 51:15, compare
Isa 10:21 ׳עַליֿ 2Chr 15:4;
2Chr 30:9 ׳עַדיֿ Amos 4:6;
Amos 4:8;
Amos 4:9;
Amos 4:10;
Amos 4:11;
Hos 14:2;
Isa 9:12 + 5 t.;
עַדשַֿׁדַּי Job 22:23 ׳לי Isa 31:6,
נַפְשִׁי ׳שׁ לִמְנוּחָ֑יְכְי Ps 116:7 compare
לַבַּעַל Hos 7:16 (for
לֹא עָל,
Now, compare
Marti);
לְתוֺכַחְתִּי Prov 1:23 (probably strike out, see Toy).
d. absolute
repent,
Hos 3:15;
Hos 11:5;
Isa 6:10;
Isa 10:22;
Jer 3:7;
Jer 3:12;
Jer 3:14;
Jer 3:22;
Jer 4:1;
Jer 5:3 + 14 t., + participle as substantive
Isa 1:27.
e. turn back from evil, with
מִן (especially Jeremiah, Ezekiel)
1Kgs 8:35;
1Kgs 13:33;
Jer 15:7;
Jer 18:8 + 8 t. Jeremiah;
Ezek 3:19;
Ezek 13:22 + 12 t. Ezekiel,+ 9 t.; compare
שָׁבֵי פֶשַׁע Isa 59:20 שׁוּבוּ וְהָשִׁיבוּ מִן Ezek 18:30, so with
מֵעַל Ezek 14:6 from good, with
מִן,
Ezek 3:20;
Ezek 18:24;
Ezek 18:26;
Ezek 33:18.
feminine of
׳י,
מֵחֲרוֺן אַפּוֺ ׳שׁ Exod 32:12 (
JE),
Deut 13:18;
Josh 7:26 (
J),
2Kgs 23:26;
Jonah 3:9 ׳מִמֶּנּוּ אַףיֿ ׳שׁ Hos 14:5;
Jer 2:35;
Jer 4:8;
Num 25:4 (
P),
2Chr 12:12;
2Chr 29:10;
2Chr 30:8, so (man's anger)
Gen 27:45 (
J) and (absolute) v
Gen 27:44 (
E); absolute of
׳אַףיֿ Isa 5:25;
Isa 9:11;
Isa 9:16;
Isa 9:20;
Isa 10:4;
Isa 12:1;
(opposed to
יָצָא v
Jer 23:19),
Jer 30:24;
Job 14:13;
Dan 9:16.
g. of
׳י,
return (to shew favour),
אֶל person
Gen 18:10 (+ infinitive absolute), v
Gen 18:14;
Zech 1:3;
Mal 3:7;
2Chr 30:6, absolute
Isa 63:17;
Ps 80:15 (||
הִבִּיט,
פָּקַד),
Ps 90:13, + verb
Jer 12:15;
Ps 6:5;
Joel 2:14;
Jonah 3:9 also in hostility, + verb
Josh 24:20 (
E), with infinitive purpose
Hos 11:9.
h. of
׳י,
turn back from (
מִן) judgment
Jer 4:28,
אֱמֶת Ps 132:11 מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. cease to bless,
Jer 32:40.
7. of inanimate things (sometimes personified, or treated as things of life):
a. as perceptibly moving, water
Gen 8:3 (
J;
מֵעַל location),
Josh 4:18 (
J;
ל location),
Exod 14:26 (
P;
עַל person), v
Exod 14:28 (
P; + verb),
Ps 104:9 (
ל infinitive), sea
Exod 14:27 (
J;
לְאֵיתָנוֺ); wind
Ps 78:39 (opposed to
הלד),
Eccl 1:6 (
עַל location); shadow
2Kgs 20:9;
2Kgs 20:10 (+
אֲחֹרַנִּית), ||
Isa 38:8 (sun on dial), of breath (= revive)
Judg 15:19;
1Sam 30:12 (
אֶל person); clouds
Eccl 12:2 (
מִן temporal); rain and snow
Isa 55:10 (
ה locative); rolling stone
Prov 26:27 sword
2Sam 1:22 (
מִן of thing),
Ezek 21:10, arrow
Jer 50:9 of plague-spot =
re-appear,
Lev 14:43 (
P).
b. =
be brought back,
Gen 43:18 (
J),
1Sam 5:11 (
ל location), hence
be restored,
ל person
Ezek 46:17, so of kingdom
1Kgs 12:26, city
1Sam 7:14 (
Ezek 35:9 see
ישׁב 4),
field Lev 27:24 (P); of animal Deut 28:31.
c. = be turned into, ל of thing, Isa 29:17 = be turned back into, עַד thing, Mic 1:7.
d. return, figurative of word, (1) Isa 45:23, with אֶל person Isa 55:11 (both opposed to יָצָא); (2) Ps 35:13 my prayer turned upon (עַל) my bosom (was uttered with bowed head, De Bae Du).
e. turn away, depart, of infamy Prov 25:10. feminine return (in recompense), of crime, evil, etc., with בְּראֹשׁ 1Kgs 2:33; Obad 1:15; Ps 7:17, עַלרֿאֹשׁ Esth 9:25, ל person Ps 54:7 (Kt; > Qr Hiph`il), Prov 12:14.
g. Ps 94:15 judgement (-giving) shall return to (עַד) righteousness (be in accord therewith).
h. of boundary, = change (sometimes reverse) direction (P), ה- locative Josh 19:12 (+ מִן local), vJosh 19:34 (+ accusative of location), accusative of location also vJosh 19:27 vJosh 19:29 (+ עַד location), vJosh 19:29.
i. be restored to healthy condition, of withered hand 1Kgs 13:6 (twice in verse) (אֶל person), leprous hand Exod 4:7 (J; with כ compare), flesh 2Kgs 5:10 (ל person), v2Kgs 5:14; Lev 13:16 (|| נֶהְפַּךְ לְלָבָן). 8. denoting repetition, etc. (
Ges«GKC:120d»§ 120 d g): + verb,
return (
and)
do = do again,
Gen 26:18;
Gen 30:31;
Num 11:4 (all
J),
Judg 19:7;
1Sam 3:5;
1Sam 3:6;
1Kgs 13:33;
1Kgs 19:6;
2Kgs 1:11;
2Kgs 1:13;
2Kgs 19:9;
2Kgs 21:3 =
2Chr 33:3;
Jer 18:4;
Jer 36:28;
Zech 5:1;
Zech 6:1;
Mal 1:4;
Job 10:16;
Job 17:10;
Ps 7:13;
Dan 9:25, perhaps also
2Chr 19:4 compare
Isa 6:13 =
it, in turn, shall be destroyed (destruction shall be repeated in its case),
Lam 3:3 apparently =
do repeatedly;
׳שׁ + Infinitive absolute
Eccl 4:1;
Eccl 4:7;
Eccl 9:11 in comparative
עוֺד תָּשׁוּב תִּרְאֶה Ezek 8:6 thou shalt see yet greater abominations, so v
Ezek 8:13 and (
מִן compare) v
Ezek 8:15 ׳שׁ + Infinitive construct
Deut 24:4;
Deut 30:9;
Josh 5:2 (
RD),
Jer 36:28;
Ezek 8:17;
Ezra 9:14;
Neh 9:28;
Job 7:7;
Eccl 1:7 =
reverse one's action, + verb
Josh 2:23 (
E),
Hos 2:11;
2Kgs 13:25;
Deut 30:3;
Mic 7:19;
Zech 8:15;
Ps 71:20 (twice in verse);
Ps 85:7 =
restore to original condition by doing, + verb
Deut 23:14.
9. transitive, peculiarly, in phrase
׳שׁ שְׁבוּת restore captivity of, etc., approximately 21 t. (see
שְׁבוּת below
שָׁבָה);
צִיּוֺן ׳י ׳שׁ Isa 52:8,
׳שׁ with suffix person
Ps 85:5 elsewhere only
׳אֶתגְּֿאוֺן יַעֲקֹב וגו ׳וְשָׁב י Nah 2:3, compare
Hiph`il 6.
Po`el 1. bring back, Perfect 1 singular
וְשֹׁבַבְתִּ֫י, with accusative of person +
אֶל location
Jer 50:19 (
׳י subject),
Infinitive construct suffix
בְּשׁוֺבְבִי, with
מִן local
Ezek 39:27 and (figurative)
לְשׁוֺבֵב, with
אֶל person
Isa 49:5 Imperfect 2 masculine singular
תְּשׁוֺבֵב לָנוּ Ps 60:3 =
take us back into power.
2. a. figurative
restore, refresh, 3 masculine singular
נַפְשִׁי יְשׁוֺבֵב Ps 23:3 (
׳י subject); compare
Hiph`il 2 b. b. restore, repair, Participle מְשׁוֺבֵב נְתִיבוֺח לָשָׁ֑בֶת Isa 58:12.
3. lead away (enticingly),
Perfect 1 singular suffix (of Gog),
׳י subject,
וְשׁוֺבַבְתִּיךָ Ezek 38:4 (strike out
Co),
׳וְשׁ Ezek 39:2 so figurative 3 feminine singular suffix
וְדַעְתֵךְ הִיא שׁוֺבְבָ֑תֶךְ Isa 47:10 (of Babylonian ); —
Jer 50:6 see
Qal. 4. shew turning =
apostatize (compare
Hiph`il 8),
Perfect 3 feminine singular
שׁוֺבְבָה Jer 8:5 (read
שׁוֺבֵב, and strike out
ירושׁלם, with
ᵐ5). — See also
שׁוֺבֵב infra.
Pu`lal Participle feminine
מְשׁוֺבֶ֫בֶת Ezek 38:8 a land
restored +
מִן of thing. — See also
שׁוֺבָב infra.
Hiph`il353 Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 41:13 +; suffix וַהֲשִׁיבְֱ Gen 40:13, וֶהֱשִׁיבְךָ Deut 28:68 2 masculine singular הֱשִׁיבוֺתָ Ps 85:4, וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֫ Deut 4:39; Deut 30:1, suffix וַהֲשֵׁיבוֺתָם 2Chr 6:25 1 singular consecutive וַהֲשִׁיב֫וֺתִי Amos 1:8, וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֫י Num 22:8 +, suffix וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים Zech 10:6 (but read וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים, see ישׁב Hiph`il), etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשִׁיב Exod 21:34 +, (read יָשִׁב Dan 11:18; Dan 11:19 > Qr vDan 11:18 יָשֵׂם), וַיָּ֫שֶׁב Gen 20:14 +; suffix יְשִׁבֵנִי 2Sam 15:8 +, וַיְשִׁיבֵם 2Chr 19:4 + 1Sam 12:8 Vrss We Dr and others; 3 feminine plural תָּשֵׁבְנָה Job 20:10, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָשֵׁב Gen 20:7 +, הָשֵׁיב 2Kgs 8:6, הָשַׁ֑ב Isa 42:22, so הָשַׁ֖ב Ezek 21:35 (see Ke and still Toy; Ew Sm Krae Infinitive absolute הָשֵׁב), הָשִׁיבָה Judg 11:13 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָשֵׁב Exod 23:4 +; construct הָשִׁיב Gen 42:35 +, etc.; Participle מֵשִׁיב Gen 20:7 +, etc.; — cause to return, bring back:
1. a. with accusative of person +
אֶל location
Gen 24:5 (
J;
הֶהָשֵׁב אָשִׁיב),
Gen 28:15 (
J),
Gen 42:37 (
E),
Gen 48:21 (
E), +; especially from exile
1Kgs 8:34 =
2Chr 6:25;
Jer 27:22 + 5 t. Jeremiah; +
אֶל person
1Kgs 22:26 =
2Chr 18:25 +
עַל location
Jer 16:15;
Jer 23:3;
Jer 24:6 +
ל location
Jer 12:15 + accusative of location
2Sam 15:8 (read
הָשֵׁב יְשִׁבֵנִי Vrss Th We Dr and others),
Deut 28:68;
Ezek 29:14;
Ezek 47:6;
2Chr 33:13, etc.; +
מִן local
Jer 41:16;
Zech 10:10,
מֵאֵת person
Jer 41:16,
מִן infinitive
2Chr 25:13 accusative of person only
Judg 19:3;
1Kgs 13:20;
1Kgs 13:23 +;
bring back into bondage, etc.,
Jer 34:11;
Jer 34:16 =
allow to return Jer 15:19 accusative of person + of thing (= recover, recapture),
Jer 28:6 (+
אֶל location,
מִן local); =
recover, rescue,
Gen 14:16 (accusative of person + thing),
Ps 35:17 (accusative
נַפְשִׁי,
מִן of thing); accusative of thing +
אֶל person
Gen 44:8 (
J), +
עַל person
Exod 15:9 (song),
Prov 20:26 +
אֶל location
1Kgs 14:28 =
2Chr 12:11;
Jer 28:3;
2Chr 24:11 accusative of hand,
אֶלפֶּֿה 1Sam 14:27;
Prov 19:24;
Prov 26:15 especially of
׳י's hand, in judgment, followed by
עַל Amos 1:8;
Isa 1:25;
Zech 13:7;
Ps 81:15, also of man's hand
Jer 6:9;
Ezek 38:12 + accusative of location
2Sam 15:25;
2Sam 15:29 +
שָׁם Neh 13:9 accusative of thing alone
Gen 43:12;
Gen 43:21 (both
בְּיֶדְכֶם),
Gen 14:16 (= recapture),
1Sam 6:21;
1Sam 30:19;
1Kgs 13:29 (corpse),
Lev 26:26 (
H); with accusative animal.
1Sam 6:7 (
מֵאַחֲרֵי),
Ezek 34:4;
Ezek 34:16 (figurative); shadow on dial
2Kgs 20:11 =
Isa 38:8. —
Job 39:12 see
Qal 3 b. b. put back: accusative of thing, stone,
עַלפִּֿי הַבְּאֵר Gen 29:3 (
J), veil
עַלפָּֿנָיו Exod 34:35 (
P), Dagon
לִמְקוֺמוֺ 1Sam 5:3, rod
לִפְנֵי הָעֵדוּת Num 17:25 (
P), sword, +
אֶל of sheath,
1Chr 21:27;
Ezek 21:35 (accusative om); hand
אֶלחֵֿיק Exod 4:7 (twice in verse) (
J; opposed to
הוֺצִיא).
c. =
draw back, hand
Gen 38:29 (
J),
1Kgs 13:4 (opposed to
שָׁלַךְ; +
אֶל reflexive),
Josh 8:26 (
E; opposed to
נטה), so, figurative,
׳י subject
Lam 2:3 (
מִפְּנֵי,
אָחוֺר),
Ps 74:11 with
מִן =
refrain from Lam 2:8;
Ezek 18:8;
Ezek 18:17 (i.e. from oppressing),
Ezek 20:22 (
מִן omitted); foot, with
מִן Isa 58:13 (figurative);
draw in breath
Job 9:18.
d. =
give back, restore, accusative of person or thing: +
ל person
Gen 20:14 (
E), v
Gen 20:7 (
E; accusative omitted),
Exod 23:4 (
E;
הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיב),
Deut 22:1 (
id.; both accusative animal.),
Deut 24:13 (
id.),
Exod 22:25 (
E),
Judg 17:3 (twice in verse);
Judg 17:4;
1Sam 12:3;
2Sam 9:7;
Deut 22:2 (
P),
Neh 5:11, so
2Sam 16:3;
1Kgs 12:21 =
2Chr 11:1 (all accusative of kingdom), with accusative
צְדָקָה Job 33:26 +
אֶל person
Gen 37:22 (
E; accusative of person); +
אֶל location
Gen 42:25 (
E); accusative of thing only,
2Kgs 8:6;
Ezek 18:7 (read Infinitive absolute
שׁוֺב for
חוֺב,
Co Toy
Krae),
Ezek 18:12;
Ezek 33:15;
Lev 5:33 (
P),
Num 5:7 (
P; +
בְּראֹשׁוֺ =
in full),
Ps 69:5 (opposed to
גָּזַל), so of land (or city)
Judg 11:13;
1Kgs 20:34;
Neh 5:12, compare
2Kgs 14:28 (+
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל),
2Kgs 16:6 (+
לַאֲרָם); = win back
2Kgs 13:25;
2Kgs 14:22 (+
ל terr.) =
2Chr 26:2, boundary (i.e. re-establish it)
2Kgs 14:25 restore ruined city
Dan 9:25 (+
לִבְנוֺת), conquered nation
Ps 80:4;
Ps 80:8;
Ps 80:20 joy, accusative +
ל person
Ps 51:14. —
2Sam 8:3 see
יָד 2. — Acc. person only,
Gen 20:7 (
E),
Isa 42:22 restore to office, accusative of person +
עַל Gen 40:13;
Gen 40:21 (
E),
אֶל location
2Sam 19:12, accusative of person only,
2Sam 19:11;
2Sam 19:13;
2Sam 19:44, compare
Isa 1:26 =
pay back money,
Lev 25:27 (
ל person), v
Lev 25:51 v
Lev 25:52.
e. =
relinquish, with accusative of thing,
Job 20:10.
feminine =
give in payment, requital, with accusative of thing + apposition
1Sam 6:8 (
ל person), v
1Sam 6:17 (
id.; compare
טְחוֺד); also
pay as tribute (in answer to demand), accusative of thing
2Kgs 17:3;
Ps 72:10, +
ל person
2Kgs 3:4;
2Chr 27:5 give in exchange Ezek 27:15.
g. bring one
back (from dead)
2Sam 12:23, so with
מִנִּי Job 33:20 on other hand,
אֶלעָֿפָר Job 10:9 =
מָוֶת (accusative)
Job 30:23, compare
עַדדַּֿכָּא Ps 90:3.
3. bring back words of people,
׳אֶליֿ Exod 19:8 (
E); then, in general,
bring back word,
דָּבָר,
report to, + accusative of person
Gen 37:14;
Num 13:26;
Num 22:8 (all
E),
Deut 1:22;
Deut 1:25;
Josh 14:7 (
RD),
Josh 22:32 (
P), + 8 t; =
answer 1Sam 17:30;
2Sam 3:11;
1Kgs 12:6 =
2Chr 10:6 + 6 t., + (accusative
מִלִּין)
Job 35:4 also (
דָּבָר omitted)
Job 13:22;
Job 20:2;
Job 33:5;
Job 33:32;
2Chr 10:16;
Neh 6:4 (
כַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה); accusative
אֲמָרִים +
ל person
Judg 5:29;
Prov 22:21 later with
ל person alone
1Sam 12:3 with clause oratio recta [direct speech],
אֶל person
Esth 4:13;
Esth 4:15 similar phrases,
Ezek 9:11;
Prov 18:13;
Prov 24:26;
Prov 26:16;
Hab 2:1;
Job 31:14;
Job 32:14 (
Gi v
Job 32:15),
Job 40:4.
4. a. bring back (in retribution, compare
Qal 7 f)
upon, subject often ׳י, accusative of evil, Judg 9:56, בְּראֹשׁ Judg 9:5; 1Sam 25:39; 1Kgs 2:44 Joel 1Kgs 4:4; 1Kgs 4:7, עַלרֿאֹשׁ 1Kgs 2:32, אֶלרֿאֹשׁ Neh 3:36 ל person Gen 50:15 (E), 1Sam 6:3 (הָשֵׁב תָּשִׁיבוּ), v1Sam 6:4; 1Sam 25:31 (return evil for good), +, etc.; absolute = make requital, ל person 2Chr 6:23 + (כ compare) Hos 12:3; Prov 24:12; Prov 24:29 with accusative of good, ל person 2Sam 16:12; 2Sam 26:23; with כ compare + ל person Ps 18:21; Ps 18:25 = 2Sam 22:21; 2Sam 22:25, and (כ compare only) 2Chr 32:25 requite ׳י's benefits, accusative of thing + ׳לי Ps 116:12, compare Num 18:9 (P).
b. pay as recompense, לִבְעָלָיו ׳כֶּסֶף יָשׁ Exod 21:34 (E); so (figurative) of ׳י, ננָקָם לְ ׳הֵשׁ Deut 32:41; Deut 32:43, בְּחֵמָה אַפּוֺ ׳לְהָשׁ Isa 66:15. 5. turn back, backward = repel, defeat, with
אֶתפְּֿנֵי 2Kgs 18:24 =
Isa 36:9, accusative
מִלְחָמָה Isa 28:6, accusative of sword
Ps 89:44, accusative of person +
אָחוֺר Ps 44:11 (+
מִנִּי person),
Isa 44:25 (figurative, = refute, confute), figurative of calamity
Lam 1:13 =
repulse, hinder Jer 2:24, especially accusative
Isa 14:27 (
׳יַדיֿ), compare
Isa 43:13,
Job 9:12;
Job 11:10;
Job 23:13 =
reject, refuse,
׳(אֶתֿ)פְּנֵי פ 1Kgs 2:16;
1Kgs 2:17;
1Kgs 2:20 (twice in verse);
2Chr 6:42;
Ps 132:10.
6. a. turn away face, figurative, +
מֵעַל of thing
Ezek 14:6 accusative of person +
מִן Mal 2:6 anger of
׳י (accusative) +
מֵעַל person
Num 25:11 (
P),
Prov 24:18,
מִן person
Jer 18:20;
Ezra 10:14 accusative only,
Job 9:13;
Ps 78:38;
Ps 106:23 accusative of human anger
Prov 15:1;
Prov 29:8.
b. late,
turn toward, accusative face,
ל location
Dan 11:18;
Dan 11:19, accusative foot,
אֶל of thing
Ps 119:59 (figurative).
7. turn against,
אֶלאֵֿל, with accusative
רוּחֶ֑ךָ Job 15:43.
10. Hiph`il declar.,
מֵעַל ׳הָשׁ Ezek 14:6 =
shew a turning away from your idols (i.e. turn away), compare (
מִן)
Ezek 18:30, absolute
וִחְיוּ ׳הָשׁ v
Ezek 18:32 of
׳י,
מֵחֲרוֺן ׳השׁ אַפֶּ֑ךָ Ps 85:4 (but read probably
׳הֲשִׁיבוֺתה חֲרוֺן א [
6 a above]); perhaps in physical sense
Jonah 1:13 (
אֶל location;
We Now that is
אֳנִיָּה, etc.).
Hoph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הוּשַׁב Gen 42:28 my money has been returned! compare Participle הַכֶּסֶף הַמּוּשָׁב Gen 43:12 (both J); ׳לי ׳הַמּ Num 5:8 (P) the אָשָׁם which is restored to ׳י; plural מוּשָׁבִים Jer 27:16 the vessels are about to be brought back, with מִן local; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיוּשַׁב אֶתמֿשֶׁה Exod 10:8 (J; compare Ges«GKC:121a»§ 121 a, b) Moses was brought back, with אֶל person
BDB8505 H7726 H7725
BDB8504 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8506
I. שׁוֺבָב adjective backturning, recusant, apostate (perhaps for מְשׁוֺבָב, Participle Po`l. Ol§ 251 b Ges«GKC:52s»§ 52s Köi. 454); — ׳שׁ Isa 57:17 plural שׁוּבוּ בָּנִים שׁוֺבָבִים Jer 3:14; Jer 3:22. — שׁובבים Jer 50:6 Kt < Qr שׁוֺבְבוּם ᵐ5 Comm., compare √ Po`l.
BDB9995 H7725 H8421
BDB9994 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9996
תּוּב verb return (ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew שׁוּב); — Pe`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular
יְתוּב, with
עַל person, of brightness (
זִיו) of face
Dan 4:33 b, of knowledge v.
Dan 4:31 v.
Dan 4:33 a.
Haph`el Perfect 3 masculine singular
הֲתִיב Dan 2:14 3 masculine plural suffix
הֲתִיבוּנָא Ezra 5:11 Imperfect 3 masculine plural
יַהֲתִיבוּן Ezra 6:5,
יְתִיבוּן (
K§ 33, 2)
Ezra 5:5 Infinitive suffix
לַהֲתָבוּתָח Dan 3:16 —
1. restore, accusative of thing
Ezra 6:5.