Psalms 116:3

אֲפָפ֤וּ נִי

אֲפָפ֤וּ

Root word compassed, about

נִי

Suffix — pronoun my / me

Dictionary form: אָפַף · aw-PAHP

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: compassed

compassed ×3 compassed me about ×1 have compassed ×1

More options

surround — Most versatile modern equivalent; fits prose and poetry.

encircle — Emphasizes complete circular enclosure.

close in on — Conveys threatening, advancing movement around someone.

engulf — Suggests overwhelming, swallowing force; vivid in lament poetry.

hem in — Highlights entrapment and loss of escape; colloquial feel.

BDB677 H661

אָפַף verb surround, encompass (Assyrian apâpu Zim^{BP 59}) —

Qal Perfect אָֽפְפוּ Ps 40:13 ;אְפָפוּנִי Ps 18:5 +; — encompass (poetry) literal Jonah 2:6 (subject מַיִם); figurative, subject evils & misfortunes רָעוֺת Ps 40:13 (followed by עָלַי); מִשְׁבְּרֵי מות 2Sam 22:5, compare ׳חֶבְלֵי מ Ps 18:5, also Ps 116:3.

compassed, about

ʾāpap

to surround

to surround, encompass

(Qal) to encompass

חֶבְלֵי

Root word cords, sorrows, line, cord, coast, …

Dictionary form: חֶבֶל · heh-BEL

Noun — Common, both plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: the sorrows

the sorrows ×5 with cords ×5 a company ×2 and sorrows ×2 by line ×2 coast ×2 line ×2 sorrows ×2

More options

rope — Most concrete sense; physical binding or measuring tool.

region — Geographic territory; prefer for land-allotment contexts.

allotment — Inherited share of land; good for tribal-division passages.

anguish — Emotional/physical distress; fits 'birth pangs' or grief contexts.

band — A group of people; use when referring to a company of men.

snare — Figurative entrapment; use when the metaphor is entanglement.

BDB2498 H2256

I. חֶ֫בֶל noun masculine^{Josh 2:14} feminine^{Zeph 2:6} (but see below) cord, territory, band; ׳ח absolute Josh 2:15 +; construct Deut 3:4 +, חֵ֫בֶל Josh 19:29 suffix חַבְלוֺ Job 18:10 plural חֲבָלִים 2Sam 8:2 + 10 t. + Ezek 47:13; Job 21:7 see below; construct חַבְלֵי Josh 17:5 + 5 t.; חֶבְלֵי Ps 116:3 + 2 t. + Ps 18:5 (read משׁברי see below); suffix הֲבָלָ֑יִךְ Isa 33:23 חֲבָלָיו Isa 33:20 —

1. cord, rope, by which men were lowered Josh 2:15 (JE), Jer 38:6; Jer 38:11; Jer 38:12; Jer 38:13, or stones dragged 2Sam 17:13 of tents Isa 33:20 tackling of ship vIsa 33:23 for binding Ezek 27:24; Job 40:25; Esth 1:6 symbol of captivity or subjection 1Kgs 20:31; 1Kgs 20:32 figurative of snare for wicked Job 18:10 (|| מַלְכֻּדְתּוֺ), set by wicked Ps 140:6 (|| פַּה); Ps 119:61 cords of wicked men have surrounded me; of wicked held בחבלי חַטָּאתוֺ Prov 5:22 ׳ח הָשָּׁ֑וְא Isa 5:18 cords (ropes) of wickedness (|| כַּעֲבוֺת הָעֲגָלָה); of cords of distress (עֹ֑נִי) Job 36:8 (|| וִקִּים); so חֶבְלֵי מָוֶת (probably) Ps 116:3, חֶבְלֵי שׁאוֺל Ps 18:6 = 2Sam 22:6 (|| מוֺקְשֵׁי מָוֶת); — for חֶבְלֵי מות Ps 18:5 read מִשְׁבְּרֵי, see 2Sam 22:5 and || נַחֲלֵי בְלִיַּעַל, De Che Bae; to draw בְּחַבְלֵי אָדָם Hos 11:4 (i.e. humanely, kindly); of cord of life חֶבֶל הַכֶּסֶף Eccl 12:6.

2. measuring-cord, line מִדָּה ׳ח Zech 2:5 so ׳ח alone 2Sam 8:2 (3 t. in verse); Amos 7:17; Mic 2:5; Ps 78:55 figurative (of favoured life) Ps 16:5 in general of one's portion, fortune Job 21:17 according to ᵑ7 Thes Add. Ew Di and others, but < see חֵבֶל. Thence

3. measured portion, lot, part, region, נַחֲלָה ׳ח inherited portion Deut 32:9; 1Chr 16:18 = Ps 105:11 also ׳ח alone Josh 17:5; Josh 17:14; Josh 19:9; Ezek 47:13 (חבלים; ᵑ9 ᵑ7 read as dual, see Ew Sm Da and others; Co strike out on internal grounds); of particular regions אַרְגֹּב ׳ח Deut 3:4; Deut 3:13; Deut 3:14; 1Kgs 4:13 אַכְזִיב ׳ח Josh 19:29 (si vera 1., see WMM^{Asien 194}); הַיָּם ׳ח Zeph 2:5 also vZeph 2:6, but ׳היתה ח here dubious; Sta proposes 2 feminine singular הָיִת, and strike out הים ׳ח; without הים, vZeph 2:7.

4. band, company of prophets 1Sam 10:5; 1Sam 10:10. — II. חֶבֶל see below II. חָבַל.

BDB2499 H2256

חֵ֫בֶל noun masculine^{Isa 66:7} (but see Jer 49:24) pain, pang; — ׳ח absolute Isa 66:7 elsewhere plural חֲבָלִים Isa 13:8 + 3 t. + Job 21:17 see below; construct חֶבְלֵי Hos 13:13 suffix חֲבָלֶיהָ Isa 26:17 חֶבְלֵיהֶם Job 39:3 (on suffix see Ges^{«GKC:135»§ 135}, 5, R 1); — pain, pang:

1. pains of travail:
a. object of תְּשַׁלַּחְנָה Job 39:3 meton. for off spring (|| יַלְדֵיהֶן; see Di; of goats and hinds).
b. simile of distress of exiles Isa 26:17 figurative of anguish of nations צִירִים וַחֲבָלִים יאֹחֵזוּן Isa 13:8 (|| כַּיּוֺלֵדָה יְחִילוּן), also Jer 13:21; Jer 22:23; Jer 49:24 of crisis of redemption Hos 13:13 (|| חֶבְלֵי יוֺלֵדָה), of birth of new Israel Isa 66:7.

2. of other than birth-pangs only חבלים Job 21:17 pains, pangs, sorrows (so ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Thes, — otherwise Add. — Rob-Ges Hi Da and others; || נֵר יִדְעָ֑ךְ, יָבאֹ אֵידָם ); > others, portion, fortune, see חֶבֶל.

BDB2504 H2256

חֹבְלִים noun [masculine] plural union (literally binders) name of Zechariah's second symbolic staff Zech 11:7 and with article vZech 11:14. see חָבַל

1.

BDB2507 H2256

II. חֶ֫בֶל noun masculine destruction — חֶבֶל נִמְרָץ Mic 2:10 compare II. חָבַל Pi`el above

cords, sorrows, line, cord, coast, …

ḥebel

a rope (as twisted), especially a measuring line; by implication, a district or inheritance (as measured); or a noose (as of cords); figuratively, a company (as if tied together)

a cord, rope, territory, band, company

a rope, cord

pains of travail

מָ֗וֶת

Root word death, die, died, dead, dieth, …

Dictionary form: מָוֶת · maw-WET

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of death

of death ×24 the death ×19 death ×16 from death ×8 and death ×6 of his death ×6 dieth ×4 to death ×4

More options

death — Most direct and universal rendering; suitable for nearly all contexts.

dying — Prefer when emphasizing the process or act rather than the state.

mortality — Highlights the human condition; good in reflective or wisdom texts.

end — Softer, euphemistic tone; useful in poetic or narrative passages.

fatal — Best as an adjective in phrases like 'fatal wound' or 'fatal blow'.

deadly — Adjectival use only; stresses lethal danger or consequence.

BDB4562 H4194

מָ֫וֶת₁₆₁ noun masculine^{Exod 10:17} death; — absolute ׳מ Deut 19:6 +; מָֽ֫וְתָה Ps 116:15 construct מוֺת Gen 25:11 +; suffix מוֺתִו Gen 27:2 +; plural construct מוֺהֵי Ezek 28:10 suffix בְּמֹתָיו Isa 53:9 —

1. death, opposed to life, Deut 30:15; Deut 30:19; 2Sam 15:21 כל האדם ׳מ the death of all men (that all go to) Num 16:29 (J), as distinguished from violent death; ׳יוֺם מ day of death Gen 27:2 (J) Judg 13:7; 1Sam 15:35 +; ׳שְׁנַת מ Isa 6:1; Isa 14:28 ׳עד מ Num 35:25; Num 35:28; Num 35:32; Josh 20:6 (P), 1Kgs 11:40 ׳לפני מ Gen 27:7; Gen 27:10; Gen 50:16 (JE); ׳אחרי מ Gen 26:18 (J), Gen 25:11; Lev 16:1; Num 35:28 (P), Deut 31:27; Deut 31:29 (D) +; ׳בכור מ Job 18:13 firstborn of death (deadly disease); of flies Eccl 10:1, unclean animals Lev 11:31; Lev 11:32 (P).

2. death by violence as a penalty : ׳מִשְׁפַּט מ + לְ or בְּ person: a case of death to, or in a man, guilty of capital crime Deut 19:6; Deut 21:22; Jer 26:11; Jer 26:16 ׳חֵטְא מ Deut 22:26 ׳מ (י)בנ 1Sam 20:31; 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 12:5 ׳אישׁ מ 2Sam 19:29 ׳אנשׁי מ 1Kgs 2:26 ׳מַלְאֲכֵי מ Prov 16:14 messengers of death; במותָיו Isa 53:9 in his (martyr-) death (see Br^{MP 359}).

3. state of death or place of death (|| שׁאול) Isa 28:15; Isa 28:18; Isa 38:18; Hos 13:14; Hab 2:5; Ps 6:6; Ps 49:15; Song 8:6; Prov 5:5; Prov 7:27 (|| אבדון) Job 28:22 ׳שׁערי מ gates of death Ps 9:14; Ps 107:18; Job 38:17.

death, die, died, dead, dieth, …

māwet

death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin

death, dying, Death (personified), realm of the dead

death

וּ מְצָרֵ֣י

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

מְצָרֵ֣י

Root word distress, pains, straits

Dictionary form: מֵצַר · may-TSAHR

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: me and the pains

distress ×1 me and the pains ×1 the straits ×1

More options

distress — Broadest fit; suits emotional or physical hardship.

anguish — Stronger emotional intensity; inner torment or suffering.

straits — Emphasizes being hemmed in, trapped, or cornered.

hardship — Milder register; suits narrative or practical difficulty.

agony — Most intense; reserve for acute physical or emotional pain.

constriction — Captures the spatial/metaphorical sense of being squeezed.

BDB7260 H4712

מֵצַר noun [masculine] straits, distress; — absolute מִןֿ הַמֵּצַר קָרָאתִי Ps 118:5 plural הַמְּצָרִים Lam 1:3 the distresses, of conquered Judah; construct מְצָרֵי שְׁאוֺל Ps 116:3 the straits of Sheol, i.e. the worst possible (|| חֶבְלֵימָֿוֶת).

distress, pains, straits

mēṣar

something tight, i.e., (figuratively) trouble

straits, distress

שְׁא֣וֹל

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Of hell")

Dictionary form: שְׁאוֹל · sheh-OLE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: of hell

hell ×11 to the grave ×10 of hell ×6 in the grave ×4 into hell ×4 of the grave ×4 the grave ×4 to hell ×3

More options

the grave — Neutral, widely understood; best for death/burial contexts.

the realm of the dead — Captures the underworld sense without theological baggage.

the underworld — Emphasizes cosmic/mythological dimension; good for poetry.

Sheol — Transliteration; preserves Hebrew concept untranslated for precision.

the pit — Vivid, concrete image; suits lament or descent imagery.

death — Functional equivalent when context stresses finality over place.

BDB8371 H7585

שְׁאָ֫לָה Isa 7:11 see שְׁאוֺל

1. below

BDB8375 H7585

שְׁאוֺל, שְׁאֹל noun feminine^{Ps 86:13} (apparently masculine Job 26:6 compare Isa 14:9, see Albr^{ZAW xvi(1896), 51}) She®°ôl, underworld (√ dubious; שׁאל, i.e. palce of inquiry (reference to necromancy) Jastr^{Amos. Jsem. Lang. xiv. 170. cf JBL xix (1900), 88 ff.} (Jerem^{Lebenn. d. Tode 109} 'Ort der Entscheidung'); Thes Bö^{De Inf. § 158} Di and others compare √ שׁעל, whence שֹׁעַל hallow hand, etc.; ׳שׁ then = hallow place, 'Hölle', hell; other conjectures see Hup^{Ps. 6⁶} De^{Isa 5:14} Beer^{Bibl. Hades} in Holtzmann^{Festgabe,1902, 15}; most now refrain from positive etymology (e.g. Buhl); Old Aramaic שאול, Syriac ; Assyrian šu-alu is dubious: so reads and interprets Dl^{pa 121, Prol.47. 145} Jastr^{Amos. J. Semitic Lang. xiv. 165 ff.} Ency. Bib^s.v.; opposed to by Bertin^{TSBA viii. 269} Jen^{Kosmol.223 ff.} Zim^{KAT 3. 636} and others; see also Muss-Arn^{JBL xi (1892), 169 and references}); — always absolute, שְׁאוֺל Deut 32:22 + 52 t.,הָ֯ Gen 42:38; Ps 9:18 שְׁאֹל 1Kgs 2:6; Job 17:16, הָ֯ Gen 37:35 + 7 t.; + Isa 7:11 (so read for שְׁאָ֫לָה Aq Σ Θ Du Che and now most); —

1. the underworld, תַּחְתִּית ׳שׁ Deut 32:22, מִתַּחַת Isa 14:9 מִ֑טָּה ׳מִשּׁ Prov 15:24 || מָוֶת Prov 5:5; Prov 7:27; Song 8:6; Ps 89:49 whither men descend at death, Gen 37:35 (E), Gen 42:38; Gen 44:29; Gen 44:31 (J), 1Sam 2:6; 1Kgs 2:6; 1Kgs 2:9; Job 7:9; Job 21:13; Isa 14:11; Isa 14:15; Ps 88:4, and Korah and associates go down alive by ׳י's judgment, Num 16:30; Num 16:33 (J), compare Ps 55:16 under mountains and sea Job 26:6 (compare vJob 26:5), ׳בֶּטֶן שׁ Jonah 2:3 (compare v.Jonah 2:7); with bars Job 17:16 (si vera 1.: see ᵐ5 Du); ׳פִּי שׁ Ps 141:7 ׳שַׁעֲרֵי שׁ Isa 38:10 personified Isa 28:15; Isa 28:18 (|| מות). as insatiable monster Isa 5:14; Hab 2:5; Prov 1:12; Prov 27:20; Prov 30:16 as said (figurative) to have snares, ׳חֶבְלֵי שׁ Ps 18:6 = 2Sam 22:6 compare ׳מְצָרֵי שׁ Ps 116:3 opposed to (height of) שָׁמַיִם Amos 9:2; Job 11:8; Ps 139:8 + (opposed to לְמָ֑עְלָה) Isa 7:11 (see above); dark, gloomy, without return Job 17:13 (compare vJob 17:16; Job 7:9; Job 10:21; Job 16:22 all being alike Job 3:17-19; Job 21:23-26 ); without work or knowledge or wisdom according to Eccl 9:5; Eccl 9:6; Eccl 9:10 (compare Job 14:21, and see רְפָאִים below רפה; yet compare Isa 14:9f.).

2. condition of righteous and wicked distinguished in ׳שׁ (later than 1Sam 28, especially inWisdom Literature):
a. wicked יָשׁוּבוּ לִשְׁא֑וֺלָה Ps 9:18, ׳יִדְּמוּ לִשׁ Ps 31:18 death is their shepherd, without power and honour they waste away Ps 49:15 (twice in verse); ׳שׁ consumes them as drought water Job 24:19 righteous dread it because no praise or presence of God there (as in temple) Ps 6:6 (compare Ps 88:5), Isa 38:18 deliverance from it a blessing Ps 30:4; Ps 86:13; Prov 23:14. In Ezek. ׳שׁ is land below, place of reproach, abode of uncircumcised Ezek 31:15; Ezek 31:16; Ezek 31:17; Ezek 32:21; Ezek 32:27
b. righteous shall not be aban-doned, ׳לשׁ Ezek 16:10 (|| שַׁחַת q. v.; opposed to אִרַח חַיִּים etc., vEzek 16:11, compare Ezek 17:15), is ransomed from ׳שׁ Ezek 49:16 (compare Ezek 73:23; Ezek 73:25; Isa 57:1; Isa 57:2); compare Job's expectation and desire Job 14:13; Job 17:13 (compare Job 10:21; Job 19:25f.).

3. later distinction of places in ׳שׁ:
a. depths of ׳שׁ for sensualist Prov 9:18.
b. וַאֲבַדּוֺן ׳שׁ Prov 25:11, see אֲבַדּוֺן. [שַׁחַת and בּוֺר, q. v., when || ׳שׁ, are usually in bad sense(Ps 88:4); probably = pit in ׳שׁ, > ׳שׁ itself as pit; words at least prepare for local distinctions of post-Biblical Judaism and NT.]

4. ׳שׁ figurative of extreme degradation in sin Isa 57:9 as place of exile for Israel Hos 13:14 (twice in verse) (compare Isa 26:19).

hell, grave, pit, graves

šĕʾôl

hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates

sheol, underworld, grave, hell, pit

the underworld

place of no return

מְצָא֑וּ נִי

מְצָא֑וּ

Root word found, find, out, present, findeth, …

נִי

Suffix — pronoun my / me

Dictionary form: מָצָא · maw-TSAW

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: gat hold upon

found ×42 find ×21 and found ×19 i have found ×19 be found ×16 that were present ×12 that was found ×9 were found ×8

More options

find — Core active sense; best default for most contexts.

discover — Emphasizes the moment of coming upon something unknown.

come across — Casual register; good for incidental or unexpected finding.

encounter — Prefer when the object found is a person or situation.

be present — Suits passive/stative contexts meaning 'to be on hand'.

obtain — Use when finding implies successfully acquiring something.

BDB4775 H4672

מָצָא₄₅₂ verb attain to, find (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian maƒû, Dl^{HWB 421}, Ethiopic come, arrive; Aramaic [ find], Passive participle able, powerful, and derivatives; compare Nö^{ZMG xl 1886, 736} Dr^{1Sam 23:17}); —

Qal Perfect ׳מ Gen 2:20 +, suffix מְצָאוֺ Job 31:29, 3 feminine singular מָֽצְאָה Gen 8:9 +, suffix מְצָאַתְנוּ Judg 6:13; Neh 9:32, מְצָאָ֫תַם Exod 18:18 2 masculine singular מָצָאתָ Gen 31:37 +; 1 singular מָצָאתִי Gen 18:3 +, מָצָתִי Num 11:11, suffix מְצָאתִיו Song 3:1; Song 3:2, מְצָאתִיהוּ Song 5:6 3 plural מָֽצְאוּ Judg 21:14 +; suffix מְצָאנֻהוּ Job 37:23, etc.; Imperfect יִמְצָא 1Sam 24:20 +, 3 feminine singular תִּמְצָא 1Sam 1:18 +; 3 masculine plural יִמְצְאוּ Judg 5:30 +, suffix יִמְצָאֻהוּ Job 20:8 יִמְצָאֻנְנִי Prov 1:28; Prov 8:17, יִמְצָאוּנְהָ Jer 2:24 3 feminine plural תִּמְצֶאןָ Deut 31:21 etc.; Imperative מְצָא 1Sam 20:21; 1Sam 20:36, וּמְצָאֿ Prov 3:4 masculine plural מִצְאוּ Jer 6:16 feminine plural וּמְצֶאןָ Ruth 1:9 Infinitive מְצאֹ, מְצוֺא Ps 32:6; Gen 19:11 +, suffix בְּמֹצַאֲכֶם Gen 32:20 [= מָצְאֲכֶם Ges^{«GKC:74»§ 74}, 3, R. 2]; Participle מוֺצֵא Ps 119:162, מוֺצֶה Eccl 7:26, suffix מֹצְאִי Gen 4:14; Prov 8:35 feminine singular absolute מֹצֵאת 2Sam 18:22, מוֺצֵאת Song 8:10 masculine plural מֹצְאִים Num 15:33, construct מֹצְאֵי Prov 8:9 feminine plural absolute מֹצְאוֺת Josh 2:23, etc.; —

1. find :
a. thing sought, with accusative of thing, straw Exod 5:11 (J), water Gen 26:32 (J), compare vGen 26:19, Exod 15:22 (J), grass 1Kgs 18:5, help, consort, Gen 2:20 (J), compare Prov 18:22 +; with idea of attaining to, arriving at, a resting-place Gen 8:9 (J) Isa 34:14 compare צִפּוֺר מָֽצְאָה בַּיִת Ps 84:4; Jer 45:3; Lam 1:3 of marriage Ruth 1:9 of finding place for temple Ps 132:5 figurative וּמִצְאוּ מַרְגּוֺעַ לְנַפְשְׁכֶם Jer 6:16 and find quiet for yourselves; find grave Job 3:22 reach cities 2Sam 20:6 (where read יִמְצָא Vrss Th Dr Kit Bu), compare Ps 107:4 find = secure prey, booty, plunder Gen 27:20 (J), Judg 5:30; Judg 21:12; 1Sam 14:30 compare 2Chr 20:25; Prov 1:13; Ps 119:162 of securing gain Hos 12:9 ( + לִי; || עשׁר), Job 31:25 so perhaps also absolute בְּשׂוֺרָה מֹצֵאת אֵין 2Sam 18:22 there is no news securing i.e. such as to bring you a reward (compare Th Dr; but text dubious); secure as crop Gen 26:12 (J), compare Eccl 11:1 = acquire, get wounds and dishonour Prov 6:33 ׳חֵן בְּעֵינֵי פ ׳מ find ( = gain, secure) favour in the eyes of any one: of ׳י, Gen 6:8; Exod 33:12; Exod 33:13 (twice in verse); Exod 33:16; Exod 33:17; Exod 34:9 (all J), Num 11:11; Num 11:15 (JE), Judg 6:17; 2Sam 15:25 ; oftener of men Gen 18:3; Gen 19:19; Gen 30:27; Gen 32:6 + 8 t. Genesis (all J), Num 32:5 (JE), Deut 24:1; 1Sam 1:18 + 7 t. Samuel; 1Kgs 11:19; Ruth 2:2; Ruth 2:10; Ruth 2:13; Esth 5:8; Esth 7:3 ׳חֵן לִפְנֵי פ ׳מ Esth 8:5 אָז הָיִתִי בְעֵינָיו כְּמוֺצֵאת שָׁלָוֺם Song 8:10 absolute מָצָא חֵן Jer 31:2; Prov 3:4; Prov 28:23 : = seek and find 1Sam 20:21 (arrows), so v1Sam 20:36 figurative of grounds of accusation Job 33:10 he succeeds in finding; so also Isa 58:3; Isa 58:13 find knowledge of God Prov 2:5 compare Prov 8:9, word of ׳י Amos 8:12, words of wisdom Prov 4:22, wisdom Job 32:13; Prov 24:14 (see also below); ransom Job 33:24 life Prov 8:35 (Qr מָצָא; > Kt מצאי, i.e. מֹצְאֵי De Str Wild), Prov 21:21 with accusative of person Gen 18:26; Gen 18:28; Gen 18:30 (J), Gen 41:38 (E), 1Sam 9:13 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 1:3; 1Kgs 13:14 compare v1Kgs 13:28, +; of pursuit Josh 2:22 (J); find ׳י Hos 5:6; Deut 4:29; Jer 29:13; Job 23:3; Ps 32:6 + Hos 6:3 (read כֵן נִמְצָאֵהוּ כְּשַׁחֲרֵנוּ, for ᵑ0 כְּשַׁחַר נָכוָֺן מֹצָאוֺ Gie^{Beitr. z. Jes. Krit. 208} We Now); so possibly also (object omitted) Jer 10:18 (so Gf.; ᵑ9 Or read Niph`al; Gie יֶאְשָׁ֑מוּ), (Job 37:23; Job 11:7 (twice in verse) see below); find wisdom (personified) Prov 1:28; Prov 8:17; Prov 8:35 compare Prov 3:13.
b. what is lost, missed, with accusative of thing, Gen 31:32; Gen 31:33; Gen 31:34; Gen 31:35; Gen 31:37 (E), 1Sam 9:4 (twice in verse); Deut 22:3; Lev 5:22; Lev 5:23 (P), Gen 36:24 (P) +; וַיִּלְאוּ לִמְצֹא הַפָּ֑תַח Gen 19:11 and they grew weary in finding the door; find a word (to say) Neh 5:8; Eccl 12:10, answer Job 32:3, vision from ׳י Lam 2:9 with accusative of person Gen 38:20; Gen 38:22; Gen 38:23 (J), 2Sam 17:20; 1Kgs 18:10; 1Kgs 18:12; 1Kgs 21:20 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 2:17; Ezek 22:30; Prov 7:15; Song 3:1; Song 3:2; Song 3:4; Song 5:6 +.
c. meet, encounter, with accusative of person (one expected), Gen 32:20 (E), 2Kgs 9:21; Jer 41:12; 2Chr 20:16 compare also Num 35:27 (P).
d. find a condition, find one in a situation; לָהּ בְּתוּלִים ׳וְלֹא מ Deut 22:14 compare vDeut 22:17; Deut 24:1 אֶתמֶֿלָךְ ֗֗֗ נִלְחָם ׳וַיִּמ 2Kgs 19:8 and he found the king of Assyria warring against Lachish = Isa 37:8 אֶתלְֿבָבוֺ נֶאֱמָן ׳וּמ Neh 9:8 כָּתוּב בספר ׳מ Neh 7:5; Neh 8:14 especially late, 1Chr 20:2; 2Chr 25:5; Dan 1:20; Dan 7:26.
e. = learn, devise Eccl 7:27 (twice in verse); Eccl 7:29. feminine = experience sorrow Ps 116:3, compare Eccl 7:14.

2. find out:
a. find out thoroughly, explore: object God Job 11:7 (twice in verse); Job 37:23 God's works Eccl 3:11; Eccl 8:17 (3 t. in verse), compare Eccl 7:24.
b. = detect sin, crime, usually in (ב) one, 2Kgs 17:4; 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:6; 1Sam 29:8; Hos 12:9 כְּיָדִי מְאוּמָה ׳לֹא מ 1Sam 12:5 detect evil in God Jer 2:5 subject God Jer 2:34; Jer 23:11 עֲוֺן עֲבָדֶיךָ ׳מ Gen 44:16 (J), compare Ps 36:3 absolute Ps 10:15; Ps 17:3 .
c. = guess, solve riddle Judg 14:12; Judg 14:18 compare Prov 8:12.

3. = come upon, light upon:
a. often unexpectedly = happen upon, with accusative of thing, money Gen 44:8 (J), book 2Kgs 22:8; 2Kgs 23:24 = 2Chr 34:14; 2Chr 34:15, compare Neh 7:5 honey Prov 25:16, ship Jonah 1:3 a plain Gen 11:2 (J), jawbone Judg 15:15 ark of ׳י Ps 132:6 (according to some, but dubious; Bae proposes הוֺצֵאנוּהָ); indefinite Ezek 3:1 (strike out ᵐ5 Co); with accusative of person = meet, fall in with Gen 4:14; Gen 4:15 compare Jer 50:7; Gen 37:15; Gen 37:17 (all J), 1Sam 9:11; 1Sam 30:11; Deut 22:23; Deut 22:25; Deut 22:27; Deut 22:28; 1Kgs 13:24; 1Kgs 20:36; 2Kgs 4:29; 2Kgs 10:13; 2Kgs 10:15; Song 3:3; Song 5:7; Song 5:8; Song 8:1 come upon = discover, Num 15:22; Num 15:33 of ׳י meeting (finding) Israel in desert Hos 9:10 compare Hos 12:5; Deut 32:10 angel finding Hagar Gen 16:7 (J); ׳י finding David Ps 89:21.
b. hit, with accusative of person, subject bowmen 1Sam 31:3 = 1Chr 10:3 subject axe Deut 19:5.
c. subject hand Isa 10:14 (figurative, in metaphor, of reaching nests), compare vIsa 10:10, 1Sam 23:17 (of Saul's taking David), Ps 21:9 (followed by לְ), vPs 21:9 (c, accusative); כֹּל אֲשֶׁר תִּמְצָא יָָֽדְךָ לַעֲשׂוֺת Eccl 9:10 sin (i.e. its punishment) will light upon you Num 32:23.
d. subject fire, קֹצִים כִּי תֵצֵא אֵשׁ וּמָֽצְאָה Exod 22:5 (E).
e. befal, with accusative of person Josh 2:23 (JE); of evil Gen 44:34 (J), Deut 4:30; Deut 31:17 (twice in verse); Deut 31:21; Judg 6:13; 2Kgs 7:9; Job 31:29; Ps 116:3; Ps 119:143; Esth 8:6 subject תְּלָאָה Exod 18:8 (E), Num 20:14 (JE), Neh 9:32.

4. noteworthy phrases are: יָדֶ֑ךָ ׳כַּאֲשֶׁר תִּמ Judg 9:33 according to what thy hand findeth, i.e. as the occasion may demand, so 1Sam 10:7 (with accusative; compare Eccl 9:10 3 c); but Eccl 25:8 = what thou chancest to have, compare כְלִי זָהָב ׳אֲשֶׁר מ Num 31:50 (P); וְלֹא יִמְצָאֻהוּ Job 20:8 = and he shall not be, shall no longer exist, compare Isa 41:12; Eccl 9:15 they found in it = there happened to be in it; אֶתלִֿבּוֺ לְהִתְפַּלֵּל ׳מ 2Sam 7:27 he found the heart (took courage) to pray = 1Chr 17:25 (omit אתלֿבו, perhaps ancient textual error); לֹא מָֽצְאוּ יְדֵיהֶם Ps 76:6 they did not find their hands, were not able to use them, were paralyzed; חַיַּת יָדֵךְ מָצָאתְ Isa 57:10 = (perhaps) experience renewal of thy strength (compare I. חַיָּה above Che^Comm.; for other interpretations of ׳ח, ידך, see Ew Di Du Che^Hpt); כְּדֵי נְאֻלָּתוֺ וּמָצָא Lev 25:26 = and he find (that he has) enough for its redemption (compare דַּי), so דֵּי הָשִׁיב מָֽצְאָה יָדוֺ vLev 25:28, יָדָהּ דֵּי שֶׂה ׳תִּמ Lev 12:8 (compare תַּגִּיעַ Lev 5:7); without דַּי, וְלֹא מָֽצְאוּ לָהֶם כֵּן Judg 21:14 = (probably) and they (the Israelites) did not find enough for them, even so (compare GFM); also וּמָצָא לָהֶם Num 11:22 (twice in verse) (JE) and so one find (= there be found) enough for them (compare Niph`al Josh 17:16; Zech 10:10).

Niph`al Perfect נִמְצָא 1Sam 13:22 +; 3 feminine singular נמצאה Jer 48:27 Kt Gf; < נִמְצָא Qr Gie; 2 feminine singular נִמְצֵאת Jer 50:24 1 singular נִמְצֵאתִי Isa 65:1, וְנִמְצֵאתִי consecutive Jer 29:14 3 plural נִמְצְאוּ Deut 22:30 +, הַנִּמְצְאוּ 1Chr 29:17 (הַּ = rel., compare Da^{Synt. § 22 R. 4} Kö^{Synt. § 52}); Imperfect יִמָּצֵא Gen 44:9 +; 3 feminine singular תִּמָּצֵא Exod 22:3 +; 2 feminine singular תִּמּצְאִי Ezek 26:21 3 masculine plural יִמּצְאוּן Gen 18:29; Gen 18:30; Gen 18:31; Gen 18:32, וַיִּמָּֽצְאוּ 1Chr 24:4; 2Chr 4:16 3 feminine plural תִּמָּצֶ֑אינָה Jer 50:20 Infinitive הִמָּצֵא Exod 22:3 ( = Infinitive absolute compare Ba^{NB 74}), suffix הִמָּֽצְאוֺ Isa 55:6 Participle נִמְצָא Judg 20:48 +, feminine singular נִמְצָאָ֑ה 2Kgs 19:4 = Isa 37:4 plural נִמְצְאִים 1Sam 13:15 + 11 t.; נִמְצָאִים only Ezra 8:25 suffix 2 feminine singular נִמְצָאַיִךְ Isa 22:3 נִמְצָאוֺת Gen 19:15; Judg 20:48 — passive of Qal, be found:

1. a. of a thing lost (asses) 1Sam 9:20; 1Sam 10:2; 1Sam 10:16 stolen Gen 44:9; Gen 44:10; Gen 44:12; Gen 44:16; Gen 44:17 (J); Exod 21:16 (all with בְּיַד); sought, wisdom Job 28:12; Job 28:13; Prov 10:13
b. of thing found unexpectedly, book 2Kgs 22:13; 2Kgs 23:2 = 2Chr 34:21; 2Chr 34:30 of corpse Deut 21:1.
c. = be lighted upon, encountered; of breaches in temple 2Kgs 12:6 of cities Judg 20:48b; of persons in captured city 2Kgs 25:19 (twice in verse) = Jer 52:25 (twice in verse), Deut 20:11, compare Exod 9:19 (J), Judg 20:48a Isa 13:15; Isa 22:3; Jer 41:8 be discovered, of a condition, situation Deut 22:20 (בתולים); טוֺב נִמְצָאבֿוֺ דָּבָר 1Kgs 14:13, compare 2Chr 19:3.
d. be found written (כתוב), Neh 13:1; Esth 6:2 of persons Dan 12:1.
e. = appeared, were recognized, of words of ׳י Jer 15:16. feminine of persons sought Gen 18:29; Gen 18:30; Gen 18:21; Gen 18:32 (J), Josh 10:17 (JE), 1Sam 10:21; 2Sam 7:12; 1Chr 26:31 in geneal. register Ezra 2:62 = Neh 7:64 of ׳י, specifically, let himself be found of (by) any one: followed by לְ person Isa 65:1; Jer 29:14; 1Chr 28:9; 2Chr 15:2; 2Chr 15:4; 2Chr 15:15, absolute Isa 55:6.
g. = be discovered, detected: (1) of iniquity, crime: Exod 22:3 (twice in verse) (E), 1Sam 25:28; 1Kgs 1:52; Jer 2:34; Ezek 28:15; Job 19:28; Mal 2:6, compare Mic 1:13; 2Chr 36:8; Esth 2:23. (2) of wrong-doers Exod 22:1; Exod 22:6; Exod 22:7 (E), Deut 22:22; Deut 22:28; Deut 24:7; Jer 2:26; Jer 48:27; Jer 50:24 (|| נִלְבַּדְתְּ, נִתְפַּשְׂתְּ), Prov 6:31; Ezra 10:18.
h. = be gained, secured, as a crop, of fruit, figurative מִמֶּנִּי פֶּדְיְךָ נִמְצָא Hos 14:9 (compare Qal Gen 26:12; Eccl 11:1)
i. = be discoverable, to be found Job 42:15; Dan 1:19 (compare Isa 55:6 above 1 f).

2. be found = be:
a. with בְּיַד be found in one's hand = onehappens to have 1Sam 9:8; 1Sam 13:22 (twice in verse), compare (without ביד) 1Sam 23:4.
b. with לְ person, = be in the possession of: Deut 21:17, with אֶתֿ (preposition) person Exod 35:23; Exod 35:24; 1Chr 29:8.
c. be found in (ב) a place, especially of wealth, treasure, Gen 47:14 (J), 2Kgs 12:11; 2Kgs 12:19; 2Kgs 14:14; 2Kgs 16:8; 2Kgs 18:15; 2Kgs 20:13 = Isa 39:2; 2Kgs 22:9; 2Chr 21:17; 2Chr 25:24; 2Chr 34:17 compare Exod 12:19; Jer 41:3; 1Chr 4:41 = happen to be, be, Deut 17:2; Deut 18:10; Jer 5:26; Isa 35:9; Isa 51:3; Isa 65:8 with negative = be no more Zeph 3:13; Ezek 26:21; Ps 37:36 (|| אֵינֶנּוּ), Dan 11:19.
d. = be left after war, violence, etc., 1Sam 13:19; 2Sam 17:13; Isa 30:14; 2Kgs 19:4 = Isa 37:4.
e. = be present Gen 19:15 (J), 1Sam 13:15; 1Sam 13:16; 1Sam 21:4 especially late, 1Chr 29:17; 2Chr 5:11; 2Chr 29:29; 2Chr 30:21; 2Chr 31:1; 2Chr 34:32; 2Chr 34:33; 2Chr 35:7; 2Chr 35:17; 2Chr 35:18; Ezra 8:25; Esth 1:5; Esth 4:16. feminine = prove to be, after numbering, 1Chr 24:4; 2Chr 2:16 of ׳י, עֶזְדָה בְצָדוֺת נִמְצָא Ps 46:2.

3. be (found) sufficient: לֹא יִמָצֵא לָנוּ הָהָד Josh 17:16 (JE), compare Zech 10:10 (also Qal Num 11:22; Judg 21:14).

Hiph`il Perfect 1 singular suffix הִמְצִיתִךָ 2Sam 3:8 3 masculine plural הִמְצִיאוּ Lev 9:13 Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix 3 masculine singular יַמְצִאֶנּוּ Job 34:11, יַמְצִאֵהוּ Job 37:13 3 masculine plural וַיַמְצִאוּ Lev 9:12; Lev 9:18 Participle מַמְצִיא Zech 11:6 —

1. cause to find, attain, with accusative of person Job 34:11 (subject God).

2. cause to light upon, come upon, come with accusative of cloud Job 37:13 (dubious)

3. cause to encounter, deliver up to, with accusative of person, + בְּיַד 2Sam 3:8 (subject man), Zech 11:6 (subject God).

4. present unto (אֶלֿ), of Aaron's sons ministering unto him, with accusative of offering, and of blood, Lev 9:12; Lev 9:13; Lev 9:18.

מֹצָא see מוֺוצָא below יצא. p. 425f

מַצָּב, נֻצָּב, מַצָּבָה, מַצֵּבָה מַצֶּ֫בֶת see נצב.

found, find, out, present, findeth, …

māṣāʾ

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

to find, attain to

(Qal)

to find

to find, secure, acquire, get (thing sought)

to find out

to happen upon, meet, fall in with

to be found

to be encountered, be lighted upon, be discovered

to be found in

to cause to find, attain

צָרָ֖ה

Root word trouble, troubles, distress, affliction, anguish, …

Dictionary form: צָרָה · tsaw-RAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: trouble

of trouble ×18 trouble ×6 distress ×3 troubles ×3 and troubles ×2 anguish ×2 his troubles ×2 in trouble ×2

More options

distress — Broad, neutral; fits most poetic and narrative contexts.

trouble — Modernized KJV core rendering; natural in everyday speech.

hardship — Emphasizes difficult circumstances rather than inner anguish.

anguish — Highlights intense emotional or physical suffering.

affliction — More formal; suits liturgical or wisdom literature passages.

adversity — Preferred when opposition or hostile circumstances are implied.

BDB7257 H6869

I. צָרָה₇₂ noun feminine id.; — absolute ׳צ 1Sam 26:24 +, צָרָתָה Ps 120:1 (Ges^{«GKC:90g»§ 90g}); construct צָרַת Gen 42:21 suffix צָרָתִי Gen 35:3 +, צָרַתְכֶם Judg 10:14, etc.; plural צָרוֺת absolute Isa 65:16 +; suffix צָרֹתֵיכֶם 1Sam 10:19, etc.; — straits, distress, Gen 42:21 (E), 1Sam 26:24; 2Sam 4:9; 1Kgs 1:29; Isa 8:22; Job 5:19; Job 27:9 especially Psalms (24 t.), e.g. Job 22:12; Job 25:17 (see רחב), vJob 25:22; Job 31:8; Job 34:17; Job 34:18 specifically of travail, צָרָה וַחֲבָלִים Jer 49:24 (simile), compare Jer 4:31 (Gie צְוָחָה, after ᵐ5); צָרַת נַפְשׁוֺ Gen 42:21 (E); בְּיוֺם צָרָתִי Gen 35:3 (E), Ps 77:3; Ps 86:7, compare 2Kgs 19:3 = Isa 37:3; Ps 20:2; Ps 50:15; Prov 24:10; Prov 25:19; Jer 16:19; Obad 1:12; Obad 1:14; Nah 1:7; Hab 3:16, וּמְצוּקָה ׳יוֺם צ Zeph 1:15 בְּעֵתצָֿרַתְכֶם Judg 10:14, compare Neh 9:27; Ps 37:39; Isa 33:2; Jer 14:8; Jer 15:11; Jer 30:7; Dan 12:1 also בַּצָּרָה Ps 81:8, בְּצָרָה Ps 91:15; Neh 9:37, בְּצָדוֺת Ps 46:2, etc.; רָעוֺת וְצָרוֺת Deut 31:17; Deut 31:21 compare 1Sam 10:19; Ps 71:20, צָרָה וְצוּקָה Prov 1:27, ׳וְצ ׳אֶרֶץ צ Isa 30:6 with ל (poetry), בַּצָּרָ֫תָה לִי Ps 120:1 in my distress, מִצָּרָה לִי Jonah 2:3. — צָרָה Zech 10:11, read מִצְרַיִם [or מָצוֺר] We Now GASm; צֹ֫רָה Klo^{ThLz, 1879, 566} Sta^{ZAW i (1881), 22}; Ps 9:10; Ps 10:1 see בַּצָּרָה.

BDB7263 H6869

II. [צָרָה] noun feminine vexer, rival-wife (see references below √; also Eccl 37:11); — suffix צָרָתָהּ 1Sam 1:6.

trouble, troubles, distress, affliction, anguish, …

ṣārâ

tightness (i.e., figuratively, trouble)

straits, distress, trouble

וְ יָג֣וֹן

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יָג֣וֹן

Root word sorrow, grief

Dictionary form: יָגוֹן · yaw-ɡONE

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: and sorrow

and sorrow ×6 with sorrow ×2 from their sorrow ×1 grief ×1 having sorrow ×1 sorrow ×1 unto them from sorrow ×1 with grief ×1

More options

grief — Modernized from KJV; suits deep, personal loss.

sorrow — Modernized from KJV; broad emotional pain, widely applicable.

anguish — Stronger intensity; use for acute, overwhelming distress.

heartache — Warmer, relational tone; suits interpersonal or emotional contexts.

suffering — Emphasizes ongoing, endured pain over momentary feeling.

distress — Slightly more situational; suits crisis or affliction contexts.

BDB3418 H3015

יָגוֺן noun [masculine] grief, sorrow; — absolute יָגוֺן Gen 42:38 + 12 t.; suffix (מִ)יגוֺנָם Jer 31:13 — sorrow, Gen 42:38; Gen 44:31 (J), Ps 13:3; Jer 8:18 || אֲנָחָה Ps 31:11; Isa 35:10; Isa 51:11 compare Ps 107:39 (|| עֹצֶר, רָעָה), Ps 116:3 (|| צָרָה), Jer 20:18 (|| עָמָל), Jer 31:13 (|| אֵבֶל, opposed to שִׂמַּחְתִּים), Jer 45:3 (|| מַכְאֹבִי), Ezek 23:33 (|| שִׁכָּרוֺן, but Co.; שׁברון with Manuscripts; compare Ezek 21:11); Esth 9:22 (opposed to שִׂמְחָה).

sorrow, grief

yāgôn

affliction

grief, sorrow, anguish

אֶמְצָֽא

Root word found, find, out, present, findeth, …

Dictionary form: מָצָא · maw-TSAW

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), first person singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "I"

In the KJV here: me i found

found ×42 find ×21 and found ×19 i have found ×19 be found ×16 that were present ×12 that was found ×9 were found ×8

More options

find — Core active sense; best default for most contexts.

discover — Emphasizes the moment of coming upon something unknown.

come across — Casual register; good for incidental or unexpected finding.

encounter — Prefer when the object found is a person or situation.

be present — Suits passive/stative contexts meaning 'to be on hand'.

obtain — Use when finding implies successfully acquiring something.

BDB4775 H4672

מָצָא₄₅₂ verb attain to, find (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian maƒû, Dl^{HWB 421}, Ethiopic come, arrive; Aramaic [ find], Passive participle able, powerful, and derivatives; compare Nö^{ZMG xl 1886, 736} Dr^{1Sam 23:17}); —

Qal Perfect ׳מ Gen 2:20 +, suffix מְצָאוֺ Job 31:29, 3 feminine singular מָֽצְאָה Gen 8:9 +, suffix מְצָאַתְנוּ Judg 6:13; Neh 9:32, מְצָאָ֫תַם Exod 18:18 2 masculine singular מָצָאתָ Gen 31:37 +; 1 singular מָצָאתִי Gen 18:3 +, מָצָתִי Num 11:11, suffix מְצָאתִיו Song 3:1; Song 3:2, מְצָאתִיהוּ Song 5:6 3 plural מָֽצְאוּ Judg 21:14 +; suffix מְצָאנֻהוּ Job 37:23, etc.; Imperfect יִמְצָא 1Sam 24:20 +, 3 feminine singular תִּמְצָא 1Sam 1:18 +; 3 masculine plural יִמְצְאוּ Judg 5:30 +, suffix יִמְצָאֻהוּ Job 20:8 יִמְצָאֻנְנִי Prov 1:28; Prov 8:17, יִמְצָאוּנְהָ Jer 2:24 3 feminine plural תִּמְצֶאןָ Deut 31:21 etc.; Imperative מְצָא 1Sam 20:21; 1Sam 20:36, וּמְצָאֿ Prov 3:4 masculine plural מִצְאוּ Jer 6:16 feminine plural וּמְצֶאןָ Ruth 1:9 Infinitive מְצאֹ, מְצוֺא Ps 32:6; Gen 19:11 +, suffix בְּמֹצַאֲכֶם Gen 32:20 [= מָצְאֲכֶם Ges^{«GKC:74»§ 74}, 3, R. 2]; Participle מוֺצֵא Ps 119:162, מוֺצֶה Eccl 7:26, suffix מֹצְאִי Gen 4:14; Prov 8:35 feminine singular absolute מֹצֵאת 2Sam 18:22, מוֺצֵאת Song 8:10 masculine plural מֹצְאִים Num 15:33, construct מֹצְאֵי Prov 8:9 feminine plural absolute מֹצְאוֺת Josh 2:23, etc.; —

1. find :
a. thing sought, with accusative of thing, straw Exod 5:11 (J), water Gen 26:32 (J), compare vGen 26:19, Exod 15:22 (J), grass 1Kgs 18:5, help, consort, Gen 2:20 (J), compare Prov 18:22 +; with idea of attaining to, arriving at, a resting-place Gen 8:9 (J) Isa 34:14 compare צִפּוֺר מָֽצְאָה בַּיִת Ps 84:4; Jer 45:3; Lam 1:3 of marriage Ruth 1:9 of finding place for temple Ps 132:5 figurative וּמִצְאוּ מַרְגּוֺעַ לְנַפְשְׁכֶם Jer 6:16 and find quiet for yourselves; find grave Job 3:22 reach cities 2Sam 20:6 (where read יִמְצָא Vrss Th Dr Kit Bu), compare Ps 107:4 find = secure prey, booty, plunder Gen 27:20 (J), Judg 5:30; Judg 21:12; 1Sam 14:30 compare 2Chr 20:25; Prov 1:13; Ps 119:162 of securing gain Hos 12:9 ( + לִי; || עשׁר), Job 31:25 so perhaps also absolute בְּשׂוֺרָה מֹצֵאת אֵין 2Sam 18:22 there is no news securing i.e. such as to bring you a reward (compare Th Dr; but text dubious); secure as crop Gen 26:12 (J), compare Eccl 11:1 = acquire, get wounds and dishonour Prov 6:33 ׳חֵן בְּעֵינֵי פ ׳מ find ( = gain, secure) favour in the eyes of any one: of ׳י, Gen 6:8; Exod 33:12; Exod 33:13 (twice in verse); Exod 33:16; Exod 33:17; Exod 34:9 (all J), Num 11:11; Num 11:15 (JE), Judg 6:17; 2Sam 15:25 ; oftener of men Gen 18:3; Gen 19:19; Gen 30:27; Gen 32:6 + 8 t. Genesis (all J), Num 32:5 (JE), Deut 24:1; 1Sam 1:18 + 7 t. Samuel; 1Kgs 11:19; Ruth 2:2; Ruth 2:10; Ruth 2:13; Esth 5:8; Esth 7:3 ׳חֵן לִפְנֵי פ ׳מ Esth 8:5 אָז הָיִתִי בְעֵינָיו כְּמוֺצֵאת שָׁלָוֺם Song 8:10 absolute מָצָא חֵן Jer 31:2; Prov 3:4; Prov 28:23 : = seek and find 1Sam 20:21 (arrows), so v1Sam 20:36 figurative of grounds of accusation Job 33:10 he succeeds in finding; so also Isa 58:3; Isa 58:13 find knowledge of God Prov 2:5 compare Prov 8:9, word of ׳י Amos 8:12, words of wisdom Prov 4:22, wisdom Job 32:13; Prov 24:14 (see also below); ransom Job 33:24 life Prov 8:35 (Qr מָצָא; > Kt מצאי, i.e. מֹצְאֵי De Str Wild), Prov 21:21 with accusative of person Gen 18:26; Gen 18:28; Gen 18:30 (J), Gen 41:38 (E), 1Sam 9:13 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 1:3; 1Kgs 13:14 compare v1Kgs 13:28, +; of pursuit Josh 2:22 (J); find ׳י Hos 5:6; Deut 4:29; Jer 29:13; Job 23:3; Ps 32:6 + Hos 6:3 (read כֵן נִמְצָאֵהוּ כְּשַׁחֲרֵנוּ, for ᵑ0 כְּשַׁחַר נָכוָֺן מֹצָאוֺ Gie^{Beitr. z. Jes. Krit. 208} We Now); so possibly also (object omitted) Jer 10:18 (so Gf.; ᵑ9 Or read Niph`al; Gie יֶאְשָׁ֑מוּ), (Job 37:23; Job 11:7 (twice in verse) see below); find wisdom (personified) Prov 1:28; Prov 8:17; Prov 8:35 compare Prov 3:13.
b. what is lost, missed, with accusative of thing, Gen 31:32; Gen 31:33; Gen 31:34; Gen 31:35; Gen 31:37 (E), 1Sam 9:4 (twice in verse); Deut 22:3; Lev 5:22; Lev 5:23 (P), Gen 36:24 (P) +; וַיִּלְאוּ לִמְצֹא הַפָּ֑תַח Gen 19:11 and they grew weary in finding the door; find a word (to say) Neh 5:8; Eccl 12:10, answer Job 32:3, vision from ׳י Lam 2:9 with accusative of person Gen 38:20; Gen 38:22; Gen 38:23 (J), 2Sam 17:20; 1Kgs 18:10; 1Kgs 18:12; 1Kgs 21:20 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 2:17; Ezek 22:30; Prov 7:15; Song 3:1; Song 3:2; Song 3:4; Song 5:6 +.
c. meet, encounter, with accusative of person (one expected), Gen 32:20 (E), 2Kgs 9:21; Jer 41:12; 2Chr 20:16 compare also Num 35:27 (P).
d. find a condition, find one in a situation; לָהּ בְּתוּלִים ׳וְלֹא מ Deut 22:14 compare vDeut 22:17; Deut 24:1 אֶתמֶֿלָךְ ֗֗֗ נִלְחָם ׳וַיִּמ 2Kgs 19:8 and he found the king of Assyria warring against Lachish = Isa 37:8 אֶתלְֿבָבוֺ נֶאֱמָן ׳וּמ Neh 9:8 כָּתוּב בספר ׳מ Neh 7:5; Neh 8:14 especially late, 1Chr 20:2; 2Chr 25:5; Dan 1:20; Dan 7:26.
e. = learn, devise Eccl 7:27 (twice in verse); Eccl 7:29. feminine = experience sorrow Ps 116:3, compare Eccl 7:14.

2. find out:
a. find out thoroughly, explore: object God Job 11:7 (twice in verse); Job 37:23 God's works Eccl 3:11; Eccl 8:17 (3 t. in verse), compare Eccl 7:24.
b. = detect sin, crime, usually in (ב) one, 2Kgs 17:4; 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:6; 1Sam 29:8; Hos 12:9 כְּיָדִי מְאוּמָה ׳לֹא מ 1Sam 12:5 detect evil in God Jer 2:5 subject God Jer 2:34; Jer 23:11 עֲוֺן עֲבָדֶיךָ ׳מ Gen 44:16 (J), compare Ps 36:3 absolute Ps 10:15; Ps 17:3 .
c. = guess, solve riddle Judg 14:12; Judg 14:18 compare Prov 8:12.

3. = come upon, light upon:
a. often unexpectedly = happen upon, with accusative of thing, money Gen 44:8 (J), book 2Kgs 22:8; 2Kgs 23:24 = 2Chr 34:14; 2Chr 34:15, compare Neh 7:5 honey Prov 25:16, ship Jonah 1:3 a plain Gen 11:2 (J), jawbone Judg 15:15 ark of ׳י Ps 132:6 (according to some, but dubious; Bae proposes הוֺצֵאנוּהָ); indefinite Ezek 3:1 (strike out ᵐ5 Co); with accusative of person = meet, fall in with Gen 4:14; Gen 4:15 compare Jer 50:7; Gen 37:15; Gen 37:17 (all J), 1Sam 9:11; 1Sam 30:11; Deut 22:23; Deut 22:25; Deut 22:27; Deut 22:28; 1Kgs 13:24; 1Kgs 20:36; 2Kgs 4:29; 2Kgs 10:13; 2Kgs 10:15; Song 3:3; Song 5:7; Song 5:8; Song 8:1 come upon = discover, Num 15:22; Num 15:33 of ׳י meeting (finding) Israel in desert Hos 9:10 compare Hos 12:5; Deut 32:10 angel finding Hagar Gen 16:7 (J); ׳י finding David Ps 89:21.
b. hit, with accusative of person, subject bowmen 1Sam 31:3 = 1Chr 10:3 subject axe Deut 19:5.
c. subject hand Isa 10:14 (figurative, in metaphor, of reaching nests), compare vIsa 10:10, 1Sam 23:17 (of Saul's taking David), Ps 21:9 (followed by לְ), vPs 21:9 (c, accusative); כֹּל אֲשֶׁר תִּמְצָא יָָֽדְךָ לַעֲשׂוֺת Eccl 9:10 sin (i.e. its punishment) will light upon you Num 32:23.
d. subject fire, קֹצִים כִּי תֵצֵא אֵשׁ וּמָֽצְאָה Exod 22:5 (E).
e. befal, with accusative of person Josh 2:23 (JE); of evil Gen 44:34 (J), Deut 4:30; Deut 31:17 (twice in verse); Deut 31:21; Judg 6:13; 2Kgs 7:9; Job 31:29; Ps 116:3; Ps 119:143; Esth 8:6 subject תְּלָאָה Exod 18:8 (E), Num 20:14 (JE), Neh 9:32.

4. noteworthy phrases are: יָדֶ֑ךָ ׳כַּאֲשֶׁר תִּמ Judg 9:33 according to what thy hand findeth, i.e. as the occasion may demand, so 1Sam 10:7 (with accusative; compare Eccl 9:10 3 c); but Eccl 25:8 = what thou chancest to have, compare כְלִי זָהָב ׳אֲשֶׁר מ Num 31:50 (P); וְלֹא יִמְצָאֻהוּ Job 20:8 = and he shall not be, shall no longer exist, compare Isa 41:12; Eccl 9:15 they found in it = there happened to be in it; אֶתלִֿבּוֺ לְהִתְפַּלֵּל ׳מ 2Sam 7:27 he found the heart (took courage) to pray = 1Chr 17:25 (omit אתלֿבו, perhaps ancient textual error); לֹא מָֽצְאוּ יְדֵיהֶם Ps 76:6 they did not find their hands, were not able to use them, were paralyzed; חַיַּת יָדֵךְ מָצָאתְ Isa 57:10 = (perhaps) experience renewal of thy strength (compare I. חַיָּה above Che^Comm.; for other interpretations of ׳ח, ידך, see Ew Di Du Che^Hpt); כְּדֵי נְאֻלָּתוֺ וּמָצָא Lev 25:26 = and he find (that he has) enough for its redemption (compare דַּי), so דֵּי הָשִׁיב מָֽצְאָה יָדוֺ vLev 25:28, יָדָהּ דֵּי שֶׂה ׳תִּמ Lev 12:8 (compare תַּגִּיעַ Lev 5:7); without דַּי, וְלֹא מָֽצְאוּ לָהֶם כֵּן Judg 21:14 = (probably) and they (the Israelites) did not find enough for them, even so (compare GFM); also וּמָצָא לָהֶם Num 11:22 (twice in verse) (JE) and so one find (= there be found) enough for them (compare Niph`al Josh 17:16; Zech 10:10).

Niph`al Perfect נִמְצָא 1Sam 13:22 +; 3 feminine singular נמצאה Jer 48:27 Kt Gf; < נִמְצָא Qr Gie; 2 feminine singular נִמְצֵאת Jer 50:24 1 singular נִמְצֵאתִי Isa 65:1, וְנִמְצֵאתִי consecutive Jer 29:14 3 plural נִמְצְאוּ Deut 22:30 +, הַנִּמְצְאוּ 1Chr 29:17 (הַּ = rel., compare Da^{Synt. § 22 R. 4} Kö^{Synt. § 52}); Imperfect יִמָּצֵא Gen 44:9 +; 3 feminine singular תִּמָּצֵא Exod 22:3 +; 2 feminine singular תִּמּצְאִי Ezek 26:21 3 masculine plural יִמּצְאוּן Gen 18:29; Gen 18:30; Gen 18:31; Gen 18:32, וַיִּמָּֽצְאוּ 1Chr 24:4; 2Chr 4:16 3 feminine plural תִּמָּצֶ֑אינָה Jer 50:20 Infinitive הִמָּצֵא Exod 22:3 ( = Infinitive absolute compare Ba^{NB 74}), suffix הִמָּֽצְאוֺ Isa 55:6 Participle נִמְצָא Judg 20:48 +, feminine singular נִמְצָאָ֑ה 2Kgs 19:4 = Isa 37:4 plural נִמְצְאִים 1Sam 13:15 + 11 t.; נִמְצָאִים only Ezra 8:25 suffix 2 feminine singular נִמְצָאַיִךְ Isa 22:3 נִמְצָאוֺת Gen 19:15; Judg 20:48 — passive of Qal, be found:

1. a. of a thing lost (asses) 1Sam 9:20; 1Sam 10:2; 1Sam 10:16 stolen Gen 44:9; Gen 44:10; Gen 44:12; Gen 44:16; Gen 44:17 (J); Exod 21:16 (all with בְּיַד); sought, wisdom Job 28:12; Job 28:13; Prov 10:13
b. of thing found unexpectedly, book 2Kgs 22:13; 2Kgs 23:2 = 2Chr 34:21; 2Chr 34:30 of corpse Deut 21:1.
c. = be lighted upon, encountered; of breaches in temple 2Kgs 12:6 of cities Judg 20:48b; of persons in captured city 2Kgs 25:19 (twice in verse) = Jer 52:25 (twice in verse), Deut 20:11, compare Exod 9:19 (J), Judg 20:48a Isa 13:15; Isa 22:3; Jer 41:8 be discovered, of a condition, situation Deut 22:20 (בתולים); טוֺב נִמְצָאבֿוֺ דָּבָר 1Kgs 14:13, compare 2Chr 19:3.
d. be found written (כתוב), Neh 13:1; Esth 6:2 of persons Dan 12:1.
e. = appeared, were recognized, of words of ׳י Jer 15:16. feminine of persons sought Gen 18:29; Gen 18:30; Gen 18:21; Gen 18:32 (J), Josh 10:17 (JE), 1Sam 10:21; 2Sam 7:12; 1Chr 26:31 in geneal. register Ezra 2:62 = Neh 7:64 of ׳י, specifically, let himself be found of (by) any one: followed by לְ person Isa 65:1; Jer 29:14; 1Chr 28:9; 2Chr 15:2; 2Chr 15:4; 2Chr 15:15, absolute Isa 55:6.
g. = be discovered, detected: (1) of iniquity, crime: Exod 22:3 (twice in verse) (E), 1Sam 25:28; 1Kgs 1:52; Jer 2:34; Ezek 28:15; Job 19:28; Mal 2:6, compare Mic 1:13; 2Chr 36:8; Esth 2:23. (2) of wrong-doers Exod 22:1; Exod 22:6; Exod 22:7 (E), Deut 22:22; Deut 22:28; Deut 24:7; Jer 2:26; Jer 48:27; Jer 50:24 (|| נִלְבַּדְתְּ, נִתְפַּשְׂתְּ), Prov 6:31; Ezra 10:18.
h. = be gained, secured, as a crop, of fruit, figurative מִמֶּנִּי פֶּדְיְךָ נִמְצָא Hos 14:9 (compare Qal Gen 26:12; Eccl 11:1)
i. = be discoverable, to be found Job 42:15; Dan 1:19 (compare Isa 55:6 above 1 f).

2. be found = be:
a. with בְּיַד be found in one's hand = onehappens to have 1Sam 9:8; 1Sam 13:22 (twice in verse), compare (without ביד) 1Sam 23:4.
b. with לְ person, = be in the possession of: Deut 21:17, with אֶתֿ (preposition) person Exod 35:23; Exod 35:24; 1Chr 29:8.
c. be found in (ב) a place, especially of wealth, treasure, Gen 47:14 (J), 2Kgs 12:11; 2Kgs 12:19; 2Kgs 14:14; 2Kgs 16:8; 2Kgs 18:15; 2Kgs 20:13 = Isa 39:2; 2Kgs 22:9; 2Chr 21:17; 2Chr 25:24; 2Chr 34:17 compare Exod 12:19; Jer 41:3; 1Chr 4:41 = happen to be, be, Deut 17:2; Deut 18:10; Jer 5:26; Isa 35:9; Isa 51:3; Isa 65:8 with negative = be no more Zeph 3:13; Ezek 26:21; Ps 37:36 (|| אֵינֶנּוּ), Dan 11:19.
d. = be left after war, violence, etc., 1Sam 13:19; 2Sam 17:13; Isa 30:14; 2Kgs 19:4 = Isa 37:4.
e. = be present Gen 19:15 (J), 1Sam 13:15; 1Sam 13:16; 1Sam 21:4 especially late, 1Chr 29:17; 2Chr 5:11; 2Chr 29:29; 2Chr 30:21; 2Chr 31:1; 2Chr 34:32; 2Chr 34:33; 2Chr 35:7; 2Chr 35:17; 2Chr 35:18; Ezra 8:25; Esth 1:5; Esth 4:16. feminine = prove to be, after numbering, 1Chr 24:4; 2Chr 2:16 of ׳י, עֶזְדָה בְצָדוֺת נִמְצָא Ps 46:2.

3. be (found) sufficient: לֹא יִמָצֵא לָנוּ הָהָד Josh 17:16 (JE), compare Zech 10:10 (also Qal Num 11:22; Judg 21:14).

Hiph`il Perfect 1 singular suffix הִמְצִיתִךָ 2Sam 3:8 3 masculine plural הִמְצִיאוּ Lev 9:13 Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix 3 masculine singular יַמְצִאֶנּוּ Job 34:11, יַמְצִאֵהוּ Job 37:13 3 masculine plural וַיַמְצִאוּ Lev 9:12; Lev 9:18 Participle מַמְצִיא Zech 11:6 —

1. cause to find, attain, with accusative of person Job 34:11 (subject God).

2. cause to light upon, come upon, come with accusative of cloud Job 37:13 (dubious)

3. cause to encounter, deliver up to, with accusative of person, + בְּיַד 2Sam 3:8 (subject man), Zech 11:6 (subject God).

4. present unto (אֶלֿ), of Aaron's sons ministering unto him, with accusative of offering, and of blood, Lev 9:12; Lev 9:13; Lev 9:18.

מֹצָא see מוֺוצָא below יצא. p. 425f

מַצָּב, נֻצָּב, מַצָּבָה, מַצֵּבָה מַצֶּ֫בֶת see נצב.

found, find, out, present, findeth, …

māṣāʾ

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

to find, attain to

(Qal)

to find

to find, secure, acquire, get (thing sought)

to find out

to happen upon, meet, fall in with

to be found

to be encountered, be lighted upon, be discovered

to be found in

to cause to find, attain

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqp3cp/Sp1cs

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H661

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncbpc

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2256

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4194

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Ncmpc

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4712

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Np

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7585

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqp3cp/Sp1cs

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4672

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncfsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6869

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Ncmsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3015

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqi1cs

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4672

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV