Romans 9:18

ἄρα οὖν ὃν θέλει ἐλεεῖ ὃν δὲ θέλει σκληρύνει
Therefore hath he on mercy whom he will have mercy, and whom he will he hardeneth.
Word Reference
Original Word Definitions
ἄρα
G686 CONJ
ara
a particle denoting an inference more or less decisive (as follows)
  • therefore, so then, wherefore
οὖν
G3767 CONJ
oun
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
  • then, therefore, accordingly, consequently, these things being so
ὃν
G3739 R-ASM
hos
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • who, which, what, that
θέλει
G2309 V-PAI-3S
thelō
to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas G1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations), i.e., choose or prefer (literally or figuratively); by implication, to wish, i.e., be inclined to (sometimes adverbially, gladly); impersonally for the future tense, to be about to; by Hebraism, to delight in
  • to will, have in mind, intend
    • to be resolved or determined, to purpose
      • "to desire, to wish"to love
      • to like to do a thing, be fond of doing
      to take delight in, have pleasure
ἐλεεῖ
G1653 V-PAI-3S
eleeō
to compassionate (by word or deed, specially, by divine grace)
  • to have mercy on
    • "to help one afflicted or seeking aid"to help the afflicted, to bring help to the wretched"to experience mercy
ὃν
G3739 R-ASM
hos
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
  • who, which, what, that
δὲ
G1161 CONJ
de
but, and, etc
  • but, moreover, and, etc.
θέλει
G2309 V-PAI-3S
thelō
to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas G1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations), i.e., choose or prefer (literally or figuratively); by implication, to wish, i.e., be inclined to (sometimes adverbially, gladly); impersonally for the future tense, to be about to; by Hebraism, to delight in
  • to will, have in mind, intend
    • to be resolved or determined, to purpose
      • "to desire, to wish"to love
      • to like to do a thing, be fond of doing
      to take delight in, have pleasure
σκληρύνει
G4645 V-PAI-3S
sklērynō
to indurate, i.e., (figuratively) render stubborn
  • to make hard, harden
    • "metaphorically
    • to render obstinate, stubborn
      • "to be hardened"to become obstinate or stubborn

ἄρα οὖν ὃν θέλει ἐλεεῖ ὃν δὲ θέλει σκληρύνει
18
Therefore hath he on mercy whom he will have mercy, and whom he will he hardeneth.
Cross References

Joshua 11:20

כִּי מֵאֵת יְהוָה׀ הָֽיְתָה לְחַזֵּק אֶת-לִבָּם לִקְרַאת הַמִּלְחָמָה אֶת-יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַעַן הַֽחֲרִימָם לְבִלְתִּי הֱיוֹת-לָהֶם תְּחִנָּה כִּי לְמַעַן הַשְׁמִידָם כַּֽאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת-מֹשֶֽׁה׃
20
For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts, that they should come against Israel in battle, that he might destroy utterly, them and that they might have no favour, but that he might destroy them, as the LORD commanded Moses.

Exodus 4:21

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-מֹשֶׁה בְּלֶכְתְּךָ לָשׁוּב מִצְרַיְמָה רְאֵה כָּל-הַמֹּֽפְתִים אֲשֶׁר-שַׂמְתִּי בְיָדֶךָ וַֽעֲשִׂיתָם לִפְנֵי פַרְעֹה וַֽאֲנִי אֲחַזֵּק אֶת-לִבּוֹ וְלֹא יְשַׁלַּח אֶת-הָעָֽם׃
21
And the LORD said unto Moses, When thou goest to return into Egypt, see that thou do all those wonders before Pharaoh, which I have put in thine hand: but I will harden his heart, that he shall not let the people go.

Romans 9:15

τῷ γὰρ Μωσῇ λέγει Ἐλεήσω ὃν ἂν ἐλεῶ καὶ οἰκτειρήσω ὃν ἂν οἰκτείρω
15
For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.

Romans 11:7

τί οὖν ὃ ἐπιζητεῖ Ἰσραήλ τούτου οὐκ ἐπέτυχεν ἡ δὲ ἐκλογὴ ἐπέτυχεν· οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ ἐπωρώθησαν
7
What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded

2 Thessalonians 2:10

καὶ ἐν πάσῃ ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἀδικίας ἐν τοῖς ἀπολλυμένοις ἀνθ ὧν τὴν ἀγάπην τῆς ἀληθείας οὐκ ἐδέξαντο εἰς τὸ σωθῆναι αὐτούς
10
And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved.

Deuteronomy 2:30

וְלֹא אָבָה סִיחֹן מֶלֶךְ חֶשְׁבּוֹן הַֽעֲבִרֵנוּ בּוֹ כִּֽי-הִקְשָׁה יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֶת-רוּחוֹ וְאִמֵּץ אֶת-לְבָבוֹ לְמַעַן תִּתּוֹ בְיָֽדְךָ כַּיּוֹם הַזֶּֽה׃
30
But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him: for the LORD thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as appeareth this day.

Romans 5:20

νόμος δὲ παρεισῆλθεν ἵνα πλεονάσῃ τὸ παράπτωμα· οὗ δὲ ἐπλεόνασεν ἡ ἁμαρτία ὑπερεπερίσσευσεν ἡ χάρις
20
Moreover the law entered, that the offence might abound. But where sin abounded, grace did much more abound:

Exodus 7:13

וַיֶּֽחֱזַק לֵב פַּרְעֹה וְלֹא שָׁמַע אֲלֵהֶם כַּֽאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר יְהוָֽה׃
13
And he hardened Pharaoh's heart, that he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.

Acts 28:26

λέγον Πορεύθητι πρὸς τὸν λαὸν τοῦτον καὶ εἰπὲ Ἀκοῇ ἀκούσετε καὶ οὐ μὴ συνῆτε καὶ βλέποντες βλέψετε καὶ οὐ μὴ ἴδητε·
26
Saying, Go unto this people, and say, Hearing ye shall hear, and shall not understand; and seeing ye shall see, and not perceive:

Isaiah 63:17

לָמָּה תַתְעֵנוּ יְהוָה מִדְּרָכֶיךָ תַּקְשִׁיחַ לִבֵּנוּ מִיִּרְאָתֶךָ שׁוּב לְמַעַן עֲבָדֶיךָ שִׁבְטֵי נַחֲלָתֶֽךָ׃
17
O LORD, why hast thou made us to err from thy ways, and hardened our heart from thy fear? Return for thy servants' sake, the tribes of thine inheritance.

Romans 1:24

Διὸ καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῶν καρδιῶν αὐτῶν εἰς ἀκαθαρσίαν τοῦ ἀτιμάζεσθαι τὰ σώματα αὐτῶν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς
24
Wherefore God also gave up them to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, to dishonour their own bodies between themselves:

Matthew 13:14

καὶ ἀναπληροῦται ἐπ' αὐτοῖς ἡ προφητεία Ἠσαΐου ἡ λέγουσα Ἀκοῇ ἀκούσετε καὶ οὐ μὴ συνῆτε καὶ βλέποντες βλέψετε καὶ οὐ μὴ ἴδητε
14
And in them is fulfilled the prophecy of Esaias, which saith, By hearing ye shall hear, and shall not understand; and seeing ye shall see, and shall not perceive:

Ephesians 1:6

εἰς ἔπαινον δόξης τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ ἐν ᾗ ἐχαρίτωσεν ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ
6
To the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath accepted made us in the beloved.
Romans 9:17
Read Romans 9
Romans 9:19